M02 FC_Basics 4 2 Final July02

7/25/2019 M02 FC_Basics 4 2 Final July02

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2007 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.The inormation contained herein i! !"#$ect to chan%e witho"t notice

Fibre Channel

Basics&od"le 2

''072-rev0702


2/42

2 (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

#$ective!

C terminolo%y and port type!

i#re Channel topolo%ie!

/Point to point

/*r#itrated loop/)witched a#ric

i#re Channel layer!

Cla!!e! o !ervice rame !tr"ct"re

i#re Channel addre!!in%


3/42

' (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

i#re Channel

Hi%h !peed, "ll d"ple connection! &"lti-topolo%y environment!

Lon% di!tance link!

1m3 addre!! !pace

10-12 error rate

4elia#le delivery mechani!m

)"pport or m"ltiple 5LP6! inc. )C)(, (P andHiPP(8

Capa#le o !"!tainin% 90:3 o !tated #andwidth


4/42

; (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

liminate! )C)( !kew

(mproved di!tance! )"perior thro"%hp"t

and avera%e #andwidth

>nhanced addre!!

!pace +etwork topolo%y

rather than #"!-#a!ed

SCSIFibre

Channel

Number ofaddresses

1 1 million

Bus length12m

?2@m

120km

Throughput MB/s

'20 ;00

)C)( !kew


5/42

@ (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

+ode!, Port! and Link!

node

port

Disk

Array

Host

link

NodeN port

N port Director switch


6/42

(ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

)*+ Topolo%ie!

Three connection topolo%ie! o"tlined #y the i#re Channel!tandardA

Point-to-point C-P2P8

*r#itrated Loop C-*L8

)witched a#ric C-)


7/427 (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

Private loop

The private loop can accommodate "p to 12 +LBport! * private loop doe! not contain an LBport

Contain! only device! which are not a#ric-aware

Cannot comm"nicate with a#ric device!

Tx

Rx

Rx

Tx

Server Tape Library

HUBN%#port N%#port


8/42 (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

*r#itrated loop h"#!

Provide a phy!ical !tar topolo%y or a loopcon%"ration

Complete connection! #etween tran!mitter! andreceiver! on a port-#y-port #a!i! thro"%h

m"ltipleer circ"itry ini!h the loop #y connectin% the tran!mitter o

the la!t h"# port to the receiver o the r!t

Have #ypa!! circ"itry at each port

>na#le! the loop to circ"mvent a di!a#led ordi!connected node


9/429 (ntrod"ction to

)*+)''072-rev0702

*r#itrated loop topolo%y

Node &Node &Node ANode A

NL_

Port0

NL_

Port0

NL_

Port0

NL_

Port0

'rans(itter'rans(itter

eceivereceiver

NL_Port1

NL_Port1

NL_Port1

NL_Port1eceivereceiver

Node *Node *Node DNode D

NL_

Port3

NL_

Port3

NL_

Port3

NL_

Port3


eceivereceiver

NL_Port2

NL_Port2

NL_Port2

NL_Port2


eceivereceiver


Fibre Channel hub



)*+)''072-rev0702

Fibre Channel HB

)witched a#ric topolo%y

+ode E+ode E

N_

Port0

N_

Port0

F

_Port

F

_Port

Tran!mitter

4eceiver

N_Port1

Tran!mitter

4eceiver

+ode *+ode *

F_Port

F_Port

4eceiver

Tran!mitter

+ode *

N!"

#ort

T

4

FL_Po

rt

FL_Po

rt

Tran!mitter

4eceiver

CB*L

N!"#orts

fabric

+ode EN!

"#

ort

0

4

T

+ode D

N!"

#ort

0

T

4

N_

Port0 Tran!mitte

r

4eceiver



)*+)''072-rev0702

P"#lic loop

( there i! an active LBport on the loop, it i! con!idered a p"#licloop. The p"#lic loop can accommodate "p to 12 +LBport! andone LBport

The LBport etend! the n"m#er o node! or comm"nication.5!in% thi! port, a private loop can #e connected to the p"#lic loop.



)*+)''072-rev0702

Topolo%y compari!on

$d%antages &isad%antages

#oint to #oint"ll Eandwidth or the link Hi%h co!t or hardware

+o !cala#ility

$rbitrated!oop

Co!t eFective *ll port! !hare #andwidth

)cala#ility &a. 12 port! per loop only

Good topolo%y or di!k drive(?

ail"re o one port orce! Loop(nitialiation

Perormance i! !tron%ly dependenton loop len%th and n"m#er o+LBPort!

S'itchedFabric

Hi%hly !cala#le Hi%her initial co!t compared to *L

&"ltiple device! comm"nicate!im"ltaneo"!ly

Lo!! o one component doe!not interr"pt the link

"ll #andwidth or each !witchport

Perormance only minimallydependant on len%th


13/421' (ntrod"ction to

)*+)''072-rev0702

Topolo%y !"mmary


14/421; (ntrod"ction to

)*+)''072-rev0702

i#re Channel port type! 1 o '8

N+,ortfc-sw,

24 bit

Node Node

Node Node

-witch ports e.ist in /0

universalstate and need to

2uestion the Node port to

ascertain final co((unication

topology !e3g3 looporfabric

point to point)0#port 0#port

N%+,ortfc-al,

24 bit

N+,ortfc-sw,

24 bit

N%+,ortfc-al,

24 bit

0#port 0#port


15/42

1@ (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

i#re Channel port type! 2 o '8

N+,ortfc-sw,

24 bit

N%+,ortfc-al,

24 bit

N+,ortfc-sw,

24 bit

N%+,ortfc-al,

24 bit

$+,ort

$+,ort

$%#port

$%#port

-witch port will 2uery the newly

connected Nx#port to deter(ine

if it supports loop operation

and4or is capable of 5bit

addressing3

6n this way the U#port at the

switch can adapt its behaviour

to suit the topology of the newly

connected N.#port3


16/42


''072-rev0702

i#re Channel port type! ' o '8

(n the event that therecently connected port i!+T an +x-port Link )ervicerame! are echan%ed todetermine the operatin%parameter! o the device atthe other end o the link.

7#port

7#port

7#port

port

6-%

8AN

connectivity


17/42


''072-rev0702

Erocade )witch Port Type! IDenition!

Switch PortsAll ports on the &rocade -witch are 0niversal ,orts3 'he

0+,ort is a designator for any 9474$4$%4% port

Auto(atically configured ports:

7+port # 7.pansion port used for inter#switch links!6-%s)

$+port # $abric port to which an N+,ort !node)attaches

$%+port # $abric %oop port to which a %oop attaches

9+,ort ; A 9eneric port that is in a transitional stateeither to beco(e an 7+,ort or $+,ort


18/42


''072-rev0702

a#ric Port! Type!

F_Port *onnects N+,orts to the fabric

-upports *lass and *lass > -ervices

0ses 5#bit fabric address

FL_Port *onnects Arbitrated %oop N% ,orts to the

fabric

,ublic %oop uses 5 bit fabric address

Allows ,rivate %oop target deviceconnections via translative (ode

N+,ort

N%+,orts

$+,ort $%+,ort


19/42


''072-rev0702

Erocade )witch Port Type I >BPort

7.pansion ,ort; *onnects two -ilk8or( switches in a $abric

-upport for *lass $ -ervice -witch#to#switch co((unication

!&rocade)

*onnections are called 6nter#-witch %inks !6-%) An 6-% connects two 7+,orts on two different switches in a $abric

-ilk8or( -witches have eight virtual channels !*) per 6-%

*s are a way of prioriti@ing congestion and i(proving perfor(ance

Note: 'he 7+,ort was actually designated to connect two switches fro(

different vendors However this is still under definition in the $* -tandards

7+,ort

!SL " # $irt%a& 'ha((e& )$'*

7+,ort!(ter Switch Li(+


20/42


''072-rev0702

Tran!lative &ode

,rivate

%oop,ublic %oop

,rivate

Node,ublic Nodes

$abric direct attach

Nodes

00 00 PP00 00 PP

NN NN NNNN NN NN

LL LL PPLL LL PP

P%b&ic Loop

,--ress

Private Loop

,--ress

Fabric ,ssi.(e-,--ress


21/42


''072-rev0702

(nitialiation Proce!! o )ilk)

Are you a switch or a $abric pt#to#pt device?!'ransition >)

/Port


22/42


''072-rev0702

i#re Channel architect"re J"nction level!

)C)(-' H(PP( )ECC) 02.2

(P *T&

Common )ervice!

)i%nalin% ? ramin% Protocol ? lowControl

>ncode ? Decode

+etwork!Channel!

+ode

Port7.C

-P(8

1''?! 2?! @'1?! 10'?! 212@?!;2@0?

!C-0

C-1

C-2

C-'

C-;Upper Level Protocol mappings


23/42

2' (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

C-0 J Phy!ical level

Dene! the phy!ical link in the i#re Channel!y!tem

/&edia type

/Connection

/Tran!ceiver!/>lectrical and optical characteri!tic! needed to connect

port!

(ncl"de! data rate


24/42

2; (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

i#re Channel ca#le!

Copper

ptical %la!! #er8


25/42

2@ (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

)in%le-mode #er

Hi%he!t #andwidth and lowe!t perormance lo!!/ne coherent !tream o li%ht travel! a !in%le

path

/Lon% wave la!er!

/)in%le-mode, !tep-inde #er

)in%le-&ode

Claddin%12@

&icron

Core

9 &icron Diameter


26/42


''072-rev0702

)in%le-mode !tep-inde #er

he preerred medi"m or lon%-di!tance telecomm"nication


27/42


''072-rev0702

&"lti-mode #er

&"ltiple !tream! o li%ht to travel diFerent path! &o!t pop"lar or networkin%

&"ltimode

Claddin%12@

&icron

Core

@0?2.@ &icron Diameter


28/42


''072-rev0702

&"lti-mode #er


29/42


''072-rev0702

*tten"ation Lo!! o power a! a !i%nal travel! over a di!tance

)pecied in deci#el! per kilometer dE?km8

Le!!ened with hi%her-K"ality, more epen!ive,!in%le mode #er!

Greater with lower K"ality, le!! epen!ive,m"ltimode #er!

4e!"lt! romA

Li%ht a#!orption ca"!ed #y material imp"ritie!

Li%ht !catterin% ca"!ed #y material imp"ritie! or #y thedeect! at the core?claddin% interace, and #y the!catterin% o the molec"le! o the medi"m

&acro #end!

&icro #end!

)catterin% and reection at ca#le !plice!


30/42

'0 (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

Di!per!ion

De%ree o !catterin% o the li%ht #eam a! it travel!

%ight is lost

%ight ray


31/42


''072-rev0702

Ca#le #end! and dama%e


32/42


''072-rev0702

C-1 Codin% layer

C-1 #?10# encode?decode >ncode! #it #yte in to a 10#it #yte or tran!mi!!ion

>m#ed! clockin% !i%nal or !erial tran!port

Provide! !in%le #yte error detection

5!ed al!o in A PC( >pre!!

(>>> 1'9;#

)erial *T*

))*

Gi%a#it >thernet

(nniEand


33/42

'' (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

C-1 Codin% layer

B Dene! the -#it?10-#it encodin% anddecodin% !cheme


34/42

'; (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

C-1 encodin% proce!! #?10#8

a b c hd e f g

3b/4b encoding switchb/!b encoding switch

a b c d e i hf g "

C4#

disparity control

parallel input data from buffer #$b%

encoded data to seriali&ation engine #'(b%

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1


35/42

'@ (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

C-2 J )i%nalin% Protocol level

B The tran!port mechani!m o i#re Channel ramin% r"le!

Payload

)ervice cla!!e! and control mechani!m!

&ana%ement o data tran!er !eK"enceB E"ildin% #lock!

rdered !et!

rame!

)eK"ence!

>chan%e!


36/42


''072-rev0702

i#re Channel terminolo%y

Se%e(ce 1

Se%e(ce 3

Se%e(ce 2

xcha(.e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Fra4e

Se%e(ceB-ingle direction only

B


37/42


''072-rev0702

rame !tr"ct"re rame Con!i!t! o

/) delimiter

/rame header

/Optionalheader!

/Payload

/C4C

/> delimiter

S

5F

$ra(eHeader

5 5

Ept3Headers

#F5

Data ,ayload

#5G

'

R'

11 byte data field

5F

5 5

5r-ere-Set

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

6ata7or-

5r-ere-Set

Pri4itivesi.(a&

!

6L

5


38/42


''072-rev0702

rame header

S

5

F

$ra(e

HeaderEpt3

Headers Data ,ayload

'

R

'

11 byte data field

5

F

fillbytes

6_!6

5 bit $*+6D of

destination port

S_!6

5 bit $*+6D of trans(itting port

S8_!6

0ni2ue 6D allocated to any

given se2uence within a

specific e.change

S8_'NT

6ncre(ented by .1 for

each fra(e sent within a

given se2uence3


39/42


''072-rev0702

Cla!! o )ervice'&ass o:

service

Fibre 'ha((e& -escriptio(

'&ass 1 Dedicated connection 6n#order delivery acknowledge first fra(e only No flow control after first fra(e of connection

'&ass 2

*onnectionless $ra(e switched Eut#of#order delivery possible Acknowledge each fra(e &uffer#to#buffer and end#to#end flow control for all fra(es

'&ass 3

$ra(e switched Eut#of#order delivery possible No acknowledg(ents &uffer#to#buffer fra(e control for all fra(es

'&ass ; *onnection oriented irtual circuit 6n#order delivery

'&ass < rue )snchronous; no longer used

'&ass = *onnection oriented


40/42

;1 (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

C-' Common )ervice!

The C-' level o the C !tandard i! intended to provide the common!ervice! reK"ired or advanced !witch eat"re! !"ch a!A

B -ervices for (ultiple

ports on one node

B

,ort -tripingB A6D

B irtualisation

B *o(pression

B 7ncryptionB Hunt 9roups

B defines co((on services

necessary for the higher level

capabilities3 8hile the $*# layer

deals with individual N+,orts the$*#> layer covers functions that

can span (ultiple N+,orts3


41/42

;2 (ntrod"ction to)*+)

''072-rev0702

C-; 5LP mappin%!

Each upper-level protocol supported by the Fibre Channel transport requires a mappingfor its Information Units to be presented to the FC lower levels for transport. he FC-!layer provides these mappings for"

/ #mall Computer #ystem Interface $#C#I%

/ Internet &rotocol $I&%

/ 'igh &erformance &arallel Interface $'I&&I%

/ (synchronous ransfer )ode - (daption *ayer + $()-((*+%

/ Intelligent &eripheral Interface - , $I&I-,% $dis and tape%/ #ingle yte Command Code #ets $#CC#%

/ future U*&s...


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M02 FC_Basics 4 2 Final July02

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