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· --- ·- .. ..-- - ( -.... ... . - ---- ... ,.._ ... ,.-.- .. _ . /'I . :\. · ,.> , c,i:' i / I ·" t.J ,;. - -- '- - M14CDE/M32CS Software Process Examination, Winter 2011 This will be a 3-hour exam paper, with two sections: Section\ !\;- two questions set by myself: students must answer one of these. Section 8 - three questions set by Dr Guo: students must answer two of these. You should revise by studying the lecture notes and handouts given to you, materials made available to you online (on Moodie or the W: drive), and wider references given to you. In the case of Section A questions, you may be expected to base your answers on your overall coursework experience, but not on the specific project details. ·, t Below are some revision questions relating to my part of the course. I . ,..= ,'':, ' " ;. Based.on Royce's artiple:. :' !- 1' .·:co'mpare and conttast traditional and rnodern software dE!veloprnent approaches.-How do they differ in the p_rir:tciples employed? \vhat of the traditi onar approach are addressed in modern software processes?:.-What is the most important "discriminant" of successful projects, according to Royce? Discuss (argue the of) this assertion. \.;.:· .... ---: Based on Royce Ch.1 -4: - t:/. \ , \ · · ·· . 2. Traditional process models are linear, while modern approaches are referred to as spiral, iterative, or incremental. Explain the terms and discuss their significance. · - · 3. Project cost estimation factors are: size, process, personnel, environment and quality. With reference tc these factors, outline how a modern process can costs. c;:...:; , Based on Kruchten's article: · · ... , ... , .Y 4. What are the in software development which, according to Kruchten, are encapsulated in the RUP? -Explain how the RUP achieves or supports them. 5. The RUP is a ·product", not just a process. What are the features/qualities of RUP as a product? As a project manager, how would you install/configure/use this product? ' ·\ ' Based on Royce Ch.S-7: , . , · \ , .. ;.,.::: · . 6. Outline the structure of .the RUP in terms of phases, and artifacts. Identify the most important factors governing the move from each phase'161fie next. 7. Explain and discuss the· central role of architecture in the RUP framework, both from a management and · . :". , a technical perspective. . •I r. Iased on Royce Ch.8-9 ·. ' ·· \\ . {_ 8 ,... Each RUP iteration may involve activities from all disciplines/workflows. Give an example showing the ... - role of several (at least 5) discipl in_ es within a single iteration. . .: · . · · ' 9. Differentiate between major milestones and status assessments. Which would involve external and would be their role (the nature of their involvement)? ·. . .: l' . Based on Royce Ch.10 & Ap.B \ 10. How does the Work_l2!e..?.8 . c10"Y_f}_§[ rf:J.£f_ure differ from the traditional WBS? Give , ) '3 'l - reasons why the fgrffier is preferable in a modern context, and explain the c:onnection between the WBS -- and the"cost & estimation process. 11 . Explain briefly the standard CoCoMo model and its Effort and Time estimation formulae. How well does UG--- th;s model apply to modern iterative development processes? · · Based on Royce Ch.12-13 1 .._ . 12. \What is round-trip eng,if1_ft[Jring and why is it a feature of a modern develgpment environment? 13. Explain how Software:Cnange Or ders are used in change management, and ffow they could be used in process i.Qstru mentatioo{give one re levant tools might be used to track Based on Royce Ch . 11 & 14 14. The '·default project organisation" consists of management, architecture, development and assessment teams. Define the role of each team and list sample artifacts that they would be responsible tor. 15. Why might you want to "!ailor'' a software process, and how would you go about it? Note: the above are not sample exam questions; they are questions intended to prompt you in revising relevant topics from readily avail able sources.
Transcript
Page 1: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

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( -.... ~ ... . ----- ... ,.._ ... ,.-.- .. _ .

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M14CDE/M32CS Software Process Examination, Winter 2011

This will be a 3-hour exam paper, with two sections: Section \!\;- two questions set by myself: students must answer one of these. Section 8 - three questions set by Dr Guo: students must answer two of these.

You should revise by studying the lecture notes and handouts given to you, materials made available to you online (on Moodie or the W: drive), and wider references given to you. In the case of Section A questions, you may be expected to base your answers on your overall coursework experience, but not on the specific project details.

·, t

Below are some revision questions relating to my part of the course. I • . ,..= ~. ,'':, ~ ' " ;.

Based.on Royce's artiple:. :' !-

1'i· .·:co'mpare and conttast traditional and rnodern software dE!veloprnent approaches.- How do they differ in the p_rir:tciples employed? \vhat major:sh_2!t,comiog~ of the traditionar approach are addressed in modern software processes?:.-What is the most important "discriminant" of successful projects, according to Royce? Discuss (argue the rn.~Jits of) this assertion. ~~. \.;.:·.... ---:

Based on Royce Ch.1 -4: - t:/. \ , \ · · · · . 2. Traditional process models are linear, while modern approaches are referred to as spiral, iterative, or

incremental. Explain the i!ali9J§.~.c:l terms and discuss their significance. · - · 3. Project cost estimation factors are: size, process, personnel, environment and quality. With reference tc

these factors, outline how a modern process can r_~duce o~erall costs.

c;:...:; , Based on Kruchten's article: · · ... , ... , .Y 4. What are the Q.~fJ.t P.H:l~.tiq_e§ in software development which, according to Kruchten, are encapsulated in

the RUP? -Explain how the RUP achieves or supports them. ---~-5. The RUP is a ·product", not just a process. What are the features/qualities of RUP as a product? As a

project manager, how would you install/configure/use this product? ' ·\ '

Based on Royce Ch.S-7: , . , · \ , ~, .. ;.,.::: · . 6. Outline the structure of .the RUP in terms of phases, gis~iPli~El.Slworkflows and artifacts. Identify the most

important factors governing the move from each phase'161fie next. 7. Explain and discuss the· central role of architecture in the RUP framework, both from a management and

:~ · . :". , a technical perspective.

. • I

r. Iased on Royce Ch.8-9 ·. ' ·· \ \ ~ . {_8,... Each RUP iteration may involve activities from all disciplines/workflows. Give an example showing the

... - role of several (at least 5) disciplin_es within a single iteration. . .: · . · · ' 9. Differentiate between major IJli~stQ~1ls, mi~~r milestones and p~dooic status assessments. Which

would involve external stakehoi~I'S. and ~hat would be their role (the nature of their involvement)? ·. '2.-~ . .: l' .

Based on Royce Ch.10 & Ap.B \ 10. How does the RU~ re9ommr.p~e;d Work_l2!e..?.8.c10"Y_f}_§[rf:J.£f_ure differ from the traditional WBS? Give ,

) '3 'l - reasons why the fgrffier is preferable in a modern context, and explain the c:onnection between the WBS -- and the"cost & ~hedule estimation process.

11 . Explain briefly the standard CoCoMo model and its Effort and Time estimation formulae. How well does UG--- th;s model apply to modern iterative development processes? · ·

Based on Royce Ch.12-13 1 .._ . 12. \What is round-trip eng,if1_ft[Jring and why is it a vit~l feature of a modern develgpment environment? 13. Explain how Software:Cnange Orders are used in change management, and ffow they could be used in

process i.Qstrumentatioo{give one relevant metric).~'What tools might be used to track ~s?

Based on Royce Ch.11 & 14 14. The '·default project organisation" consists of management, architecture, development and assessment

teams. Define the role of each team and list sample artifacts that they would be responsible tor. 15. Why might you want to "!ailor'' a software process, and how would you go about it?

Note: the above are not sample exam questions; they are questions intended to prompt you in revising relevant topics from readily available sources.

Page 2: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 13

February 201 0

Coventry University

© 201 0 Coventry University

Faculty of Engineering & Computing

M14CDE/M32CS

Software Process Management

Instructions to candidates

Time allowed: 3 hours 0 minutes

This is a Closed Book Examination

Answer:

1 Question from Section A plus

2 Questions from Section B

M14CDE/M32CS!5

The total number of questions in this paper: 5

All questions carry equal marks

Start each question on a new page and carefully identify your answers with the correct question number ·

For this examination you will be supplied with the following:

1 Answer Bookls

You must hand this question paper in at the end of the examination.

M14COE10.DOC 1 of 5 Saved 12/01/2010

Page 3: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

- ;:.. ,.-

Revision 13 © 201 0 Coventry University M14CDE/M32CS!5

Section A

Answer 1 question in this Section Each question is worth 25 marks

1. The meta-process of an organisation is the organisation's policies,

procedures, and practices for the line of business

a) Discuss why the meta-process is so important in terms of

process automation?

b) For each of the RUP workflows, discuss the type of

automation you would inject into each workflow, giving

examples

;'

c) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages to an

organization of allowing stakeholders access to the

development environment.

2. a) According to Royce, there are three primary causes of

excessive personnel attrition. Identify and discuss these

causes.

b) Discuss the responsibilities of the software management

organization with particular emphasis on the artifacts and

responsibilities across the life-cycle phases

Continue

M14CDE10.DOC 2 of 5

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P Crlpesi"e- l-o~V\ ~~vt 1 ~F<'u;.Jt-

M14CDE/M32CS;s ~ ex:lre.~,

Section B 0~/ ~<VIc.M4 Jo ~{Ve/j.-1 Answer 2 questions in this Section Each question is worth 25 marks

3. a) It has been said that "9 in 10 Waterfall-based software

' ' '

" : : · .)

projects fail". Discuss what you would ~~ns_i_Q~r to be the

major causes of failure in the traditional process and why,

and how these are avoided in a modern process such as the

Rational Unified Process.

b) Comment critically on the claim that the Rational Unified

Process is a config~rable process model. Use your

coursework experience to support your argument.

c) According to Royce, an important principle is Build the

Architecture First. Explain what an "architecture" is and I

" ·'butline how the RUP supports this principle. ' . -

'

d) Give (and explain) three criteria by which the RUP Inception

phase can be evaluated in order to decide whether to

proceed to the next phase.

' .

I • !

Continue

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' 1 : •. • ' '• • • .. .. I '

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. • / ·, I •, • • • , • "f ...... .

-..

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Revision 13 © 2010 Coventry University M14CDE/M32CSI5 .. . \ . ' ... \~:-.. ~v

4. a) With regard to the cost of software quality, explain each of .' ... "\

the following terms and, compare and contrast the effect )

each may have on the cost of a software project. Give two·-

examples of each to support your answer.

(i) Internal Failure Costs

(ii) External Failure Costs

. · , (iii) Prevention Costs 4"' ' ;"

. (!v) Detection Costs

b) According to Crosby, "Quality is Free". With reference to

prevention costs and detection costs (from part a above),

discuss ~hethf?_r you agree with Crosby's statement. ~ I ' · .,' r-? . ,..,

c) Assume that, because of your expertise in software quality

and software quality assurance, you have just been hired

into a newly created position by the manager of an

organisation which is experiencing difficulty in their software

development. Recently, they have delivered several ·-··-..

products which are technically sophisticated, but have . . ,. developed a reputation for poor r~li~ffility in the view of the

customers. The organisation is divided into groups along · .)"

project lines with a .!?~riior technical person leading each

project. The software ~~velopers are talented people but .,... _ ~"'/ .. , . .

there appears to be' no. sy~tematic control of_ ~he development process and a lack of GOn;isteil'cy in the

methods employed within projects and between different

projects. Your boss expects you to get things turned around

quickly. Whq.t are you going to do? Be realistic! Analyse , ) . ::

the c_g_Q.~e~~ences of your recommended actions. 1 f ~· . . t ~- i ........ . .

d) Identify two kinds of'techni~al r~views that should take place

in a well-managed software development project. Discuss

briefly the ~ontribution of each kind of review. ' . \

Continue -. .. \ ~ .\ ~~ \.. . I •

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Page 6: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 13 © 2010 Coventry University M14CDE/M32CSt5

5. a) What is Software Process Improvement (SPI)? Your answer

should briefly discuss the principles of SPI (e.g. how it

works).

·._/ / '

. . . ' \ \ .. b) Why is process improvemenr1 nlike-ly to occur ~nl~ss an

organisation defines and manages its processes?

~ .. J: \ ..:

c) The CapabiJLty Maturity Model (CMM) rates software -----companies according to how well they identify and manage

their software processes. The model has five levels: Initial, . } \

:- :) Repeatable, Defined, Managed, and Optimising. ·.·~ ., . >.>

(i) Discuss briefly each of the five levels.

(ii) What (!dvantages are there for a company to move up . to the top level?

d) The CMM Level2 Key Process Areas (KPAs) are:

• Requirements Management

• Software Project Planning

• Software. Project Tracking . . . \ ...

• Software Subcontract Management

• Software Quality Assurance

• Software Configuration Management

In a typical, ad hoc, Level one company, which KPA do you

think is most crucial to address first? Why?

c ,.. tP

e) For the KPA you have selected in answering (c) above,

describe a specific goal that should be achieved.

End

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Page 7: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

~~ /'. ~'

Revision 7 © 2007 Coventry University M32CS;s

Section A

Answer 1 questions in this Section Each question is worth 25 marks

1. The [11!3ta-pr9ce~~ of an organisation is the organisation's

policies, procedures, and practices for the line of business

'\

a) Discuss why the meta-process is so important in terms of

process automa}ion? . • I

_. \. ~ ; - ·' _;'- -

b) For each of the RUP workflows, discuss the type of

automation you would inject into each workflow, giving ~ + ~. ·-

examples.

,;

c) Discuss the advantages and di~advantages to an

organization of allowing stakeholders access to the

development environment.

. \ .. ,

2. a) According to Royce, there are three primary causes of

excessive personnel attrition. Identify and discuss these . . -~ '

causes. •, I

b) Discuss the responsibilities of the software management

organization with particular emphasis on the artifacts and

responsibilities across the life-cycle phases

Continue

(5 marks)

(8 marks)

(12 marks)

(1 0 marks)

(15 marks)

M32CS08.DOC 2 of 5 Saved 12/1 2/2007

Page 8: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 7 © 2007 Coventry University M32CSts

Section B

Answer 2 questions in this Section Each question is worth 25 marks I '

->':'' 3. a) What would you consider to be the _critiqal factors that

: _ \' ,~~\/contribute to producing failure or unsa!isfaqtory computer

·, systems? Explain your choices. ...? r .J;:

Jta&u.c+ @b) Discuss critically, in your own words, how a quality module

) pvo...~o \.P\ '!:;;."- such as McCall's model can help develop quality software

Py~=-f · _;?; when it is employed. Your answer should also explain briefly \.,...~v'l.s+\.o V\ .... ..ec:,...tv · · l.ec:.v~~V\ -

- r,:-·---··-k-" ... \..._ what a quality model 1s. o·~;--;~cJ

f<,e, V16 0 VI

~ , . .. F\1

,. T0

c) Software is to be developed to control a fly-by-wire aircraft.

Identify two of the most important \quality attribute~ and justify ·- --·· . ... . .. ,, ..

your choice. • I

. ./( , . / '.

' :

d) In order to ensure attainment of the two ~ttribute~ specified

in part (c), according to the principle of _0QM model, identify ---·~

two suitable questions for each of the attributes, and one

metric for each question. Justify your choice of questions

and metrics.

(5 marks)

(1 0 marks)

(4 marks)

(6 marks)

(_r=-v«-lur:!_r rVew de-b~ ~'v. a J.'~ ~; 1 -------~-----------~<:::::::::::::::::::::.._

M32CS08.DOC 3 of 5 Saved 12/12/2007 ~tf

Page 9: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 7 © 2007 Coventry University

4. a) C?utline the~~~-.2! §.9J.tw~@ Quc~_lity_t._~§!Ha!lce,in an organisation,

and discuss critically how quality assurance methods can

improve software quality.

b) In response to the large number of defects found in an ~ #\ < : . . )

organisation's software, you have been asked to implement

M32CS;s

(1 0 marks)

\. ... : • I

the use of formal inspections as a way of addressing the

problem. Outline a plan of what you need do to make the

initiative successful. l~rth;v.a/ · 2voW7 d/1-c.fokv<j 0 i/E~ v d!J.. (5 marks) I' / ' J' I . /. . I • 1-' ,fA/ u <. · l>ci r:>.c;V f ~:.il.cl ,~, ; ~ A-•v"J' rJu.r--c::;r-~ t ... 1_ • • -J

~ ·:-- - · -· · · ) /rrl.':.r-~W:::tZ{ fctrrr<Clpv.~l

c) There are five key f9~pon~nts of an ISO 9001:2000 quality cteJ;·J CL~. -

system, Quality Manual, Procedures, Documents, Records

and Guidelines. Explain what each of these components

addresses and what information they typically contain.

5. a) The success of a Process Improvement initiative is based on

a positive change culture and a high level of acceptance

from all members of an organisation. Discuss the activities

that should be carried out to achieve this and jus].~ your

answer. \~ ' . ._::J-

b) A general statement was made about the Software Process

Improvement (SPI) approach in the software community,

which says that a high quality software process will result in

a high quality software product.

Do you agree with this statement? And why? (Your answer

~ ~ z < should cover a brief discussion of software product, process,

(1 0 marks)

(8 marks)

---- and the SPI principles.) (1'0 marks)

.t (!,_.. _ ~· . ...: .,"A··\ ~ ,_.~s~&i~ w\...a.ve:..ue. (.u-<l..U..b~~ u..."~v') • .J . f"r ccz;ov -·VV'o, ~£:> \ :,' I ·-J l

2 . ' \.. _n_ Question 5 continued ...

, t>~ \\ \.._. JV, 1: -. - ~~\1\.() '~ o ca ~\oli.W1S .

6. Pro~ c~ \1\¥- \'v\. 1--fod ucJ(o ~ 1/tQ k,·~ i)~a.tLrv\g ?}d~o lA P\u.V\ -M32CS08.00C 4 of 5 Saved 12/12/2007

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Page 10: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 7

c)

© 2007 Coventry University M32CS!5

With reference to Wiegers's article, one of the ways t~a . \.-\.

SPI programme may fail is if "achieving a CMM level C,pa.bi \_ 'j becomes the primary goal". Using your, knowledge of the 0o-.\- o..rl I SPI and CMM, explain what the sy~~to~1. might be, and M..o~{ ~ropose_ a _solution to address the problem. (7 marks)

' . . )

End

M32CS08. DOC 5 of 5 Saved 12/12/2007

Page 11: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

£1 Revision 2 © 2011 Coventry University M14CDE Resitts

MAY 2011

Coventry University

Faculty of Engineering & Computing ~ . - ~- ~: ;;,\ -~:\- -~~ -- -_,1 - '\

(- .i (...-'-.,.) \. /

- -- .. /

M14CDE Resit

Software Process Management

Instructions to candidates

Time allowed: 3 hours 0 minutes

This is a Closed Book Examination

Answer: ' .;:

1 Question from Section A plus

2 Questions from Section B

The total number of questions in this paper: 5

All questions carry equal marks

Start each question on a new page and carefully identify your answers with the correct question number

For this ~xamination you will be supplied with the following:

1 Answer Book/s

You must hand this question paper in at the end of the examination.

M14CDE11 R.OOCX 1 of 5 Saved 23/05/2011

Page 12: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 2 © 2011 Coventry University M14CDE Resitls

Section A

Answer one question in this Section Each question is worth 25 marks

1. According to Royce, conventional Work Breakdown Structures

(WBS) are "frequently prematurely structured around the product

design".

a) Discuss why is it generally a bad approach to structure a

WBS around product design?

b) Give an example of how you would structure a WBS based

upon Rationa_l Unified Process (RUP)?

c) Royce s~ates "The process framework must be configured to

the specific characteristics of the projecf'.

Discuss the key factors that drive process configuration?

2. a) According to Royce, there are three primary causes of

excessive personnel attrition. Identify and discuss these

causes.

b) Discuss the respon_sibilities of the. ~ftwar~ ma~ent

organization with particular emphasis on the artifacts and

responsibilities across the life-cycle phases

Continue

(12 marks)

(5 marks)

(8 marks)

(1 0 marks)

(15 marks)

M 14COE11 R.DOCX 2 of 5 Saved 23/05/201 1

Page 13: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 2 © 2011 Coventry University M14CDE Resit/5

Section B

Answer 2 questions in this Section Each question is worth 25 marks

3. a) Pressman's definition of Software Quality, "An effective

software process applied in a manner that creates a useful

product that provides measurable value for those who

produce it and those who use if', emphasizes three

dimensions.

Explain each of the three dimensions of software quality. (3 marks)

b) (i) Briefly describe the software quality dilemma in your own

words. (4 marks)

(ii) Provide an example Web Application that you are familiar

with to support your answer in b)(i). (2 marks)

c) (i) With reference to McCall's quality model, what are the

three important aspects of a software product? . (3 marks)

(ii) Identify and describe one quality attribute from each

of the three aspects in the above c)(i). (3 marks)

d) Briefly explain the five activities associated with the software

measurement process. (10 marks)

Continue

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Page 14: M14 Software Process Management Exam Paper Coventry University

Revision 2 © 2011 Coventry University M14CDE Resitt5

4. a) There are four types of costs associated with software quality: Prevention

costs; Appraisal costs; Internal failure costs; External failure costs.

5.

(i) Describe at least two activities that are associated

with each type of costs.

(ii) Which of the four types of costs do you think is the

most expensive, and why?

b) Define Software Quality Assurance and describe its scope

and role within an organisation.

c) A technical review is effective onJYJ_feveryone has_R~~e.~!ed

i~_~v~_n_9e. How do you recognize a review participant who

has not prepared? What do you do if you are the review

leader? Use your coursework experience to support your

argument.

d) Discuss how _t>oor manag~ment decisions can imP.a_9~

software quality. Your answer should identify at least two

management deci.~-~~ns.

a) What is Software Process Improvement? -:, \-> _I -· _ ___ ,.

b) What are the elements of a Software Process Improvement

(SPI) model?

c) What charagteristics .n~gct to be exhibited by an organization . . -

'

to improve its software process?

M14CDE11 R.DOCX 4 nf "'>

(4 marks)

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Revision 2 © 2011 Coventry University M14CDE Resitts

d) The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) rates software

companies according to how well they identify and manage

their software processes. The model has five levels: Initial,

Repeatable, Defined, Managed, and Optimising.

(i) Briefly describe each of the five levels.

(ii) What advantages are there for a company to move up to

the top level?

e) The CMM model can be used for Software Process

Assessment (SPA) and Software Capability Evaluation

(SCE). Explain what you understand by the terms Software

Process Assessment and Software Capability Evaluation.

End

(8 marks)

(2 marks)

(4 marks)

M14CDE11 R.DOCX 5 of 5 Saved 23/05/2011


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