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Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell
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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-1 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 NormalizedDistance -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 Bradial Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CT XY Plot 2 Curve Info Bradial Setup1 : Transient Time='0ns' 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 Time [s] -3.00 -2.00 -1.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 Y1 [NewtonMeter] Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CT_Verify Cogging Torque 0.1402 2.2271 0.4354 0.5877 MX2: 5.4031 MX1: 0.6379 Curve Info Optimized Design Setup1 : Transient Moving1.Torque Imported Nominal Design 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 Time [ms] 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 CoreLoss [kW] Ansoft Corporation PMSM_OC_EMF Core Loss Curve Info CoreLoss Setup1 : Transient 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 Time [ms] -150.00 -100.00 -50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 Y1 [V] Ansoft Corporation PMSM_OC_EMF XY Plot 2 Curve Info InducedVoltage(PhaseA) Setup1 : Transient InducedVoltage(PhaseB) Setup1 : Transient InducedVoltage(PhaseC) Setup1 : Transient
Transcript
Page 1: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-1

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00Norm alizedDis tance

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

Bra

dial

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CTXY Plot 2Curve Info

BradialSetup1 : TransientTime='0ns'

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00Time [s]

-3.00

-2.00

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

Y1 [N

ewto

nMet

er]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CT_VerifyCogging Torque

0.1402

2.2271

0.43540.5877

MX2: 5.4031MX1: 0.6379

Curve Info

Optimized DesignSetup1 : Transient

Moving1.TorqueImported Nominal Design

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00Time [ms]

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

Cor

eLos

s [k

W]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_OC_EMFCore Loss

Curve InfoCoreLoss

Setup1 : Transient

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00Time [ms]

-150.00

-100.00

-50.00

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

Y1 [V

]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_OC_EMFXY Plot 2

Curve Info

InducedVoltage(PhaseA)Setup1 : Transient

InducedVoltage(PhaseB)Setup1 : Transient

InducedVoltage(PhaseC)Setup1 : Transient

Page 2: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-2

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine: Contents

RMxprtBasic Theory

Review Example

Add Unique Winding Arrangement

Setup Parametric Problem

Export Design to Maxwell 2D

Maxwell: Cogging TorqueReview Maxwell Setup

Create Variables

Apply Mesh Operations

Solve Nominal Problem

Setup Optimization Problem

Review Pre-Solved Optimization Results

Maxwell: Open Circuit Back EMFDefine Material Core Loss Characteristics

Set Lamination and Stack Factor

Consider Power Loss in Magnets

Solve Problem and Review Results

Maxwell: Rated Condition – Functional Voltage Source

Modify Rotor Geometry using UDP’s

Winding Setup Definitions and Variable Definition

Choosing Optimal Time Step

Solve Problem and Review Results

Drive DesignCreate a Machine Model

Use the Model in Circuit Simulation

Notes:

1. RMxprt/Maxwell V12 or higher is required

2. Basic knowledge of electric machine is required

3. Basic understanding of Finite Element is required

Page 3: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-3

Electric Machine Design Suite

A Complete Solution for Modern Electric Machines and Drives Design

Equivalent Circuit Model : High Fidelity Physics Based Model

Fast Analytical Solution: Narrow the Design Space

Parametric AnalysisOptimization

Magnetostatic/Eddy Current Analysis using FEA

Parametric AnalysisOptimization

AHAJA ×∇×+×∇+∇−∂∂−=×∇×∇ vV

t cs σσσυ

scf

ff

ff uu

dtid

LiRddtdA

aSlN

d =+++Ω∫∫ 0=−dt

duCi cf

Field Equation:

Circuit Equation:

Motion Equationexternalem TTm +=+λωα

Simultaneous Equations:

Transient Analysis using FEA

Parametric Analysis

A_PHASE_N1

A_PHASE_N2

B_PHASE_N1

B_PHASE_N2

C_PHASE_N1

C_PHASE_N2

ROTB1

ROTB2

EMSSLink1

EMF2

RA

RB

RC

A

IA

A

IB

A

IC

1750.023

0.023

0.023

theta>90 AND theta<150theta>150 AND theta<210

theta>210 AND theta<270

theta>270 AND theta<330theta>330 OR theta<30

ICA:

theta>30 AND theta<90

EMF1 175

E1

R1

E2

R2

E3

R3

E4

R4

E5

R5

E6

R6

ctrl_1:=OFFctrl_6:=OFF

ctrl_1:=ON

ctrl_6:=ONctrl_1:=ONctrl_2:=ON

ctrl_1:=OFFctrl_2:=OFF

ctrl_2:=ONctrl_3:=ON

ctrl_2:=OFF

ctrl_3:=ONctrl_4:=ON

ctrl_4:=ONctrl_5:=ON

ctrl_5:=ON

ctrl_6:=ON

ctrl_5:=OFFctrl_6:=OFF

ctrl_3:=OFF

ctrl_3:=OFFctrl_4:=OFF

ctrl_4:=OFFctrl_5:=OFF

A AM_IGBT

+ VVBC

+ VVGE4

MASS_ROTB1

Drive System Integration with Manufacturer’s IGBTs

EMF

A

IA

A

IB

A

IC

175

ICA:

EMF 175

A AM_IGB

V+ VVBC

A_PHASE_N1

B_PHASE_N1

C_PHASE_N1

ROT1

ROT2

ECE

ECELink

T

FM_ROT

PP:=

ON:=

OFF:=

THRESH:=4

HYST:=

EQU theta_elect := PP * ECELink

theta := MOD(theta_elect

ωω+IGBT

IGBT IGBT

IGBTIGBT

D2 D3

Drive System using System Level IGBT’s and Analytical Motor Model

Phase CurreIAIBIC

t

1.00

-1.00

0

-500.0

500.0

0 17.27m10.00m

TorquTo

t

400.0

-100.0

0

200.0

0 17.2710.00

Phase VoltagV_A

t

300.0

-300.0

0

-200.0

200.0

0 17.2710.00

Von Mises stress

Thermal and Stress Analysis

A_PHASE_N1

A_PHASE_N2

B_PHASE_N1

B_PHASE_N2

C_PHASE_N1

C_PHASE_N2

ROTB1

ROTB2

EMSSLink1

EMF2

RA

RB

RC

A

IA

A

IB

A

IC

1750.023

0.023

0.023

theta>90 AND theta<150theta>150 AND theta<210

theta>210 AND theta<270

theta>270 AND theta<330theta>330 OR theta<30

ICA:

theta>30 AND theta<90

EMF1 175

E1

R1

E2

R2

E3

R3

E4

R4

E5

R5

E6

R6

ctrl_1:=OFFctrl_6:=OFF

ctrl_1:=ON

ctrl_6:=ONctrl_1:=ONctrl_2:=ON

ctrl_1:=OFFctrl_2:=OFF

ctrl_2:=ONctrl_3:=ON

ctrl_2:=OFF

ctrl_3:=ONctrl_4:=ON

ctrl_4:=ONctrl_5:=ON

ctrl_5:=ON

ctrl_6:=ON

ctrl_5:=OFFctrl_6:=OFF

ctrl_3:=OFF

ctrl_3:=OFFctrl_4:=OFF

ctrl_4:=OFFctrl_5:=OFF

A AM_IGBT

+ VVBC

+ VVGE4

MASS_ROTB1

Complete Transient FEA -Transient System Co-simulation

Design Requirements

Size/Weight EfficiencyTorqueSpeedCogging/RippleInverter MatchingThermalStressManufacturabilityCost

Page 4: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-4

RMxprt: Background

ASSM: Adjustable-Speed Synchronous MachineRotor speed is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the input voltage

Unlike brushless PMDC motors, ASSM does not utilize the position sensors.

Rotor can be either inner or outer type

Can operate as a generator or as a motorMotor Mode:

Sinusoidal AC source

DC source via a DC to AC inverter

Generator Mode:Supplies an AC source for electric loads

Page 5: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-5

ASSM: Background

Input voltage U is the reference phasor, let the angle I lags U be φ, the power factor angle

Let the angle I lags E0 be ψ. The d- and the q-axis currents can be obtained respectively as follows:

ϕ−∠= II

=

=

ψψ

cossin

III

q

dI

q

d1

II−= tanψ

Page 6: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-6

ASSM: Background

OM can be used to determine the direction of E0

Let the angle E0 lags U be θ, which is called the torque angle for the motor, then the angle ψ is

For a given torque angle θ :

Solving for Id and Iq yields:

)jj( aq11 XXROM ++−= IU

θϕψ −=

−=

− θ

θsin

cosU

EUII

XRRX 0

q

d

q1

1d

−−+−

+=

θθθθ

sin)cos(sin)cos(

UXEURUREUX

XXR1

II

d01

10q

qd21q

d

Page 7: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-7

ASSM: Background

The power factor angle φ is

The Input electric power is

The Output mechanical power is

Pfw : Frictional and Wind Loss

PCua: Armature Copper Loss

PFe : Iron-core Loss

Torque:

Efficiency:

θψϕ +=

ϕcos31 UIP =

)(12 FeCuafw PPPPP ++−=

ω2

2PT =

%100PP

1

2 ×=η

Page 8: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-8

RMxprt: Base Project

Open the RMxprt project located on your desktop by double clicking on PM_SyncMotor.mxwl

Save the project under a new name:File > Save As > c:\Training\PM_SyncMotor.mxwl

Select Setup1 under Analysis and click the Right Mouse Button (RMB) and Choose Analyze

Page 9: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-9

RMxprt: Results

Select Setup1, click the RMB and choose Performance

Choose a Solution Set

Page 10: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-10

RMxprt: Results

Select Setup1, click the RMB and choose Performance

Choose a Performance Curve

Page 11: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-11

RMxprt: Add New Winding Arrangement

1

2

3

Double click on Stator > WindingClick on Whole-CoiledSelect Editor

Page 12: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-12

RMxprt: Add New Winding Arrangement

In the Winding Editor Panel, click the RMB and select Edit Layout

Deselect Constant PitchChange the Layout as shown

Page 13: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-13

RMxprt: Add New Winding Arrangement

View the new winding arrangement by placing the mouse over one of the A phase coils in the drawing window and click the RMB selecting Connect One Phase Coils.

Page 14: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-14

RMxprt: Performance

Solve the problem by selecting Setup1 under Analysis and click the Right Mouse Button (RMB) and Choose AnalyzeSelect Setup1, click the RMB and choose Performance

Page 15: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-15

RMxprt: Add Variables

Click on Winding and in the Properties window, next to Conductors PerSlot type in CPS

Click on Stator and in the Properties window, next to Length type in Depth

1

2

1

2

Page 16: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-16

RMxprt: Add Variables

Click on Rotor and in the Properties window, next to Length type in Depth

Select menu item RMxprt > Optimetrics Analysis > Add Parametrics

Page 17: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-17

RMxprt: Parametric Setup

Click on Add and setup the two variables as follows:

Click on the Calculations Tab > Setup Calculations and add the followingCurrent > RMSLineCurrentParameter

Power > OutputPowerParameter

Misc. > EfficiencyParameter

1

2

3

4

Page 18: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-18

RMxprt: Parametric Solution

Select ParametricSetup1 under Optimetrics, click the RMB and Analyze

Select ParametricsSetup1, click RMB and select View Analysis ResultsSelect Table and then click on Efficiency Parameter

Efficiency increased from 89% to over 98% while maintaining output power

Page 19: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-19

RMxprt: Create Maxwell Design

Select Setup1, click the RMB and select Create Maxwell Design

2

deselect

Choose

4

1

3

Page 20: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-20

Maxwell 2D: Base Design

Material Assignment

Motion

Boundaries

Winding

Mesh

Results

Soln. Setup

Page 21: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-21

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Excitation

Select the PhaseA winding, click the RMB and select PropertiesChange the Type to Current with a value of zero

Repeat this for PhaseB and PhaseC

Page 22: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-22

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Mesh Ops

Select Length_Magnet under Mesh Operations, click the RMB and select Properties

Decrease the size of the element by half. Just type in 3.75/2

Page 23: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-23

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Mesh Ops.

Select Length_Main under Mesh Operations, RMB and select Properties

Decrease the size of the element by 4. Just type in 10.96/4

Page 24: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-24

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Mesh Ops.

Select SurfApprox_Mag under Mesh Operations, RMB and select Properties

Decrease the length of the “Maximum Surface Deviation” to 190 nm. This yields an angular segmentation of Θ = 0.25 deg.

))2/cos(1( Θ−= rDr is the inside radius of the stator which is 81mm

Page 25: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-25

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Mesh Ops.

Select SurfApprox_Main under Mesh Operations, RMB and select Properties

Decrease the length of the “Maximum Surface Deviation” to 190 nm

Page 26: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-26

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Mesh Ops.

Three possible operations:

D D = Maximum Surface Deviation

ro

ri

SFoAspectRati

DSFro

ri

DrShapeFactoro

ri

1

)3(*3

)2(*2

=

=

=1

AR=2

Θ

))2/cos(1( Θ−= rD

rΘ = Maximum Surface

Normal Deviation

2

Aspect Ratio of Cells,not of triangles

Page 27: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-27

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Mesh Ops.

Select Band in the modeler tree, RMB and select Properties

Decrease the SegAngle value to 0.25 degrees

NOTE!: This small value for angular segmentation, 0.25deg, is neededonly for very sensitive calculations such as Cogging Torque

Page 28: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-28

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Mechanical Setup

Select Motion Setup1 under Model, RMB to select PropertiesSelect Mechanical Tab and change speed to 1 deg/sec

Select Setup1 under Analysis and RMB to select Properties

Page 29: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-29

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Solution Setup

Change to Save Fields tab

31

2

Page 30: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-30

Maxwell 2D: Cogging torque, Results

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00Time [s]

-3.00

-2.00

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

Mov

ing1

.Tor

que

[New

tonM

eter

]

Ansoft Corporation Maxwell2DDesign1Torque

Curve Info

Moving1.TorqueSetup1 : Transient

Since the speed is held constant at 1.0 deg/sec, the X-Axis represents both time and position, i.e. 10 sec = 10 deg

Solve the cogging torque problem by selecting Setup1 under Analysis, RMB and select Analyze:

Once the problem is solved double click on Results > Torque

Click the RMB in the plot and select Export Data. Save the plot on the desktop.

Page 31: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-31

Maxwell 2D: Cogging torque, Results

Select menu item View > Set Solution Context, and choose zero seconds.

In the drawing window hit

CTRL+A to select all objects,

RMB to select Fields > A >Flux_Lines

Page 32: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-32

Maxwell 2D: Cogging torque, Results

Double Click on Legend to change plot properties

Page 33: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-33

Maxwell 2D: Cogging torque, Results

Select Flux_Lines1 under A under Field Overlays, RMB to select Animate

Page 34: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-34

Maxwell 2D: Cogging torque, Rename Design

Rename Maxwell2DDesign1 by selecting its name in the project tree, RMB and select Rename. Change the name to PMSM_CT for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Cogging Torque.

Page 35: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-35

Maxwell 2D: Cogging torque, Variables

Select CreateUserDefinedPart under Mag_0 under NdFe30_N and choose Properties

1

2

3

In the Value field type in the name PoleEmbrace

Page 36: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-36

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Optimization Variables

Change the field for the ThickMag to MagnetThickness and accept the default value of 7.5mm

1

2

Page 37: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-37

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Optimization Variables

Change the field for the Offset to PoleOffset and accept the default value of 0mm.

1

2

Page 38: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-38

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Optimization Variables

Select CreateUserDefinedPart under InnerRegion under Vacuum and choose Properties

In the Value field type in the names: PoleEmbraceMagnetThicknessPoleOffset

1

2

Page 39: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-39

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Optimization Variables

Select CreateUserDefinedPart under Rotor under M19_26G_SF0.950 and choose Properties

In the Value field type in the names: PoleEmbraceMagnetThicknessPoleOffset

1

2

Page 40: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-40

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Optimization Variables

Select menu item Maxwell 2D > Design Properties and change the value of the variables just defined:

Select the Optimization radio button and Include each variable:

Page 41: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-41

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque, Optimization Variables

Modify the variable to see the effect on the geometry

Pole Offset

PE

MT

For this exercise, the range for each is:6.5 mm < MagnetThickness < 9.5 mm0.6 < PoleEmbrace < 0.90 < PoleOffset < 30 mm

Page 42: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-42

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Air Gap Arc

Create an arc in the air gap to be used for post processing purposes, by selecting menu item Draw > Arc > Center Point

Using the mouse select the origin, any point in the air gap along the X axis and any point in the air gap at the 45 degree angle. Any value used if valid, it will be modified in the next step.

1

2

3Double click to end

Page 43: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-43

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Air Gap Arc

Select CreateAngularArc under CreatePolyline under Polyline1 under Lines, RMB and select Properties

Change the value for the starting point to 80.8, 0, 0. This will place the arc between the band object and the stator ID

Select Polyline1. In the Properties window change its name to AG_Arc

Page 44: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-44

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Variables

Select menu item Maxwell 2D > Field > CalculatorPerform the following commands to calculate the radial component of the flux density in the air gap

Quantity > B

Scal? > Scalar X

Function > PHI

Trig > cos

Multiply *

Quantity > B

Scal? > Scalar Y

Function > PHI

Trig > sin

Multiply *

Add + -- this gives Bx*cos(PHI) + By*sin(PHI)

Add … > Name: Bradial -- this adds the express to the stack

Page 45: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-45

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Variables

Continue to calculate the average radial component of the air gap flux density

Select Bradial under Named Expressions

Copy to Stack

Geometry > Line > AG_Arc

Integrate

Number > Scalar > Value = 1

Geometry > Line > AG_Arc

Integrate

Divide / -- this give the average radial flux density in the air gap

Add … > Name: Brad_Avg -- this adds this expression to the stack

Page 46: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-46

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Variables

Continue to calculate the area of the permanent magnetNumber > Scalar > Value = 1

Geometry > Surface > Mag_0

Integrate

Number > Scalar > Value = 1e6 -- this converts from m2 to mm2

Multiply *

Add … > Mag_Area -- this adds this expression to the stack

Select the Maxwell 2D Design PMSM_CT and in the Properties window change the variables back to their default values

Even though the design variables and thus the geometry has changed, once the design variables are set to their previous values, the solution is automatically reloaded; there is no need to solve the problem again.

Page 47: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-47

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Variables

Plot the radial flux density in the air gap by selecting Results, RMB to select Create Field Report > Rectangular Plot

Page 48: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-48

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Brad AG

Plot B_rad on the AG_Arc

2

3

4

5

7

10

1

6

8 9

Page 49: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-49

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Brad AG

Plot of B radial in air gap at time zero

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00Norm alizedDis tance

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

Bra

dial

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CTXY Plot 2Curve Info

BradialSetup1 : TransientTime='0ns'

Click the RMB in the plot window and select Export Data. Save the plot on the desktop.

Page 50: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-50

Optimization: Solution Setup

Change the Stop Time of the Simulation from 15 seconds to 3.75 sec. The cogging torque waveform is symmetric after 3.75 deg (equal to 3.75 sec) and to save simulation time we only need to solve up to this point.

Select Setup1 under Analysis and RMB to select Properties

Page 51: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-51

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization, Variables

Select Optimetrics and RMB to select Add > Optimization

Next to Optimizer select Genetic Algorithm

Page 52: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-52

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Click on Setup

Change the values as shown here

Page 53: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-53

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Cogging Torque Peak Nominal Value* = 2.2 N-mMaximum Value** = 5.5 N-m

Optimal Goal = 0.2 N-m (subjectively chosen, we want to reduce CT by >10x)

Normalize Solution Range: 1 to 10G1 = 1 + (max(abs(Torque)) – 0.2) * 9 / 5.3

Objective: G1 = 1.0

*Note: The Peak Nominal Value is when:MagnetThickness = 7.5 mmPoleEmbrace = 0.85PoleOffset = 0 mm

**Note: The Maximum Value is determined when these values are a Maximum:MagnetThickness = 9.5 mmPoleEmbrace = 0.90PoleOffset = 0 mm

The maximum value of cogging torque may lay outside these parameter values, i.esomewhere else in the solution domain. These values are used just to define a range for the objective.

Page 54: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-54

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Nominal Bavg Value = 0.76 TeslaRange*: 0.50 < Bavg < 0.81 Tesla Optimal Goal = 0.76 Tesla (we want to maintain the Air Gap Flux Density)Normalize Range: 1 to 10

G2 = 1 + (Brad_Avg – 0.5) * 9 / 0.31Objective: G2 = 8.55

Magnet AreaRange*: 220 < Mag_area < 510 mm2

Normalize Range: 1 to 10G3 = 1 + (Mag_area – 220) * 9 / 290Objective: G3 = 1.0

*Note: The Range was calculated by simulation the minimum and maximum values:MagnetThickness … 6.5 mm and 9.5 mmPoleEmbrace … 0.6 and 0.9PoleOffset .. 0 mm and 30 mm

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-55

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

In the Calculation Expression field type in the function as shown below

1 2 3

4

5

Page 56: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-56

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Include Calculation for the average radial component of the flux density in the air gap

Type in the rest of the expression and then click on Add Calculation

2 3 4

1

5

Page 57: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-57

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Include calculation for Magnet Area

Type in the rest of the expression and then click on Add Calculation

1

2 3

4

Page 58: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-58

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

For the calculation expressions for Brad_Avg and Mag_Area click on Calc. Range and select 0ns for time zero

1

3

2

Page 59: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-59

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Set the Goal and Weigh for each objective

Cost1 = (G1 – 0.2)2 * W1 where G1 = max(abs(Torque))

Cost2 = (G2 – 0.75)2 * W2 where G2 = abs(AirGap_Bavg)

Cost3 = (G3 – 230)2 * W3 where G3 = Mag_area

Cost = Cost1+Cost2+Cost3

Note: The Cogging Torque and Air Gap Flux Density have equal weight, which is twice that of the magnet area

Page 60: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-60

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Click on the Variables tab and change the values accordingly:

This problem takes too long to solve during the class. The full solution can be downloaded from Ansoft’s FTP site:

ftp://ftp.ansoft.com/download/ChinaTraining/PM_SyncMotor_Opt.zip

To solve the problem, select OptimizationSetup1 under Optimetrics, RMB and select Analyze

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-61

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Results

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-62

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Setup

Since the field solution was not saved for each variation in theoptimization solution, create a second Maxwell 2D design and solve the problem with the optimized design variable values.

Select the Maxwell 2D design PMSM_CT, RMB and select Copy

Select the project name PM_SyncMotor, RMB and select Paste

Select the Maxwell 2D design PMSM_CT1, RMB and select Rename, and change the design name to PMSM_CT_Verify

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-63

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Verify

Select the design PMSM_CT_Verify and in the Properties window change the design variables to the Optimized value

Increase the Stop Time to 7.5 sec and then solve the design:

1 2

3

Page 64: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-64

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Verify

Plot the Cogging Torque

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00Time [s]

-0.50

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

Opt

imiz

ed D

esig

n [N

ewto

nMet

er]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CT_VerifyCogging TorqueCurve Info

Optimized DesignSetup1 : Transient

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-65

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Verify

In the plot window RMB to select Import Data and pick the cogging torque plot that was exported earlier.

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00Time [s]

-3.00

-2.00

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

Y1

[New

tonM

eter

]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CT_VerifyCogging Torque

0.1402

2.2271

0.43540.5877

MX2: 5.4031MX1: 0.6379

Curve Info

Optimized DesignSetup1 : Transient

Moving1.TorqueImported Nominal Design In plot window, RMB

and select Marker > Add X Marker

Optimized Design

Nominal Design

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-66

Maxwell 2D: Cogging Torque Optimization Verify

Plot the air gap flux density

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00NormalizedDistance

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

Brad

ial

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CT_VerifyAir Gap Flux Density

Curve Info

BradialSetup1 : TransientTime='0ns'

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-67

Maxwell 2D: AG Flux Density

In the plot window RMB to select Import Data and pick the Air Gap flux density plot that was exported earlier.

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00NormalizedDistance

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

Bra

dial

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_CT_VerifyAir Gap Flux Density

Curve Info

BradialSetup1 : TransientTime='0ns'

BradialImported Nominal Design

Page 68: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-68

Maxwell 2D: AG Flux Density

Determine the average air gap flux density.

3

4The target optimized value is 0.76T

1

2

Page 69: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-69

Maxwell 2D: Magnet Area

Determine the magnet area.

21

The area of the magnet for the nominal design was 383 mm2

3

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-70

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF

Select the design PMSM_CT_Verify, RMB and select Copy

Select the project PM_SyncMotor, RMB and select Paste

Select the new design PMSM_CT_Verify1, RMB and select Rename. Change the name to PMSM_OC_EMF

Page 71: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-71

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF

Select MotionSetup1 under Model, RMB to select Properties

Select the Mechanical tab and change the speed to 3600 rpm

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-72

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Core Loss Setup

Calculate the core loss coefficients from multiple core loss curves

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-73

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Core Loss Setup

Select the Stator and in the Properties widow click on the material M19_26G_SF0.950 and then select View/Edit Material

1

3

2

Page 74: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-74

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Core Loss Setup

Add the core loss curve for 60Hz

1

2

3 Choose the file M470-65A-60Hz.tab4

5

Page 75: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-75

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Core Loss Setup

Add the core loss curve for 100Hz

1

2

3 Choose the file M470-65A-100Hz.tab4

5

Page 76: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-76

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Core Loss Setup

Continue to add the following curves:M470-65A-200Hz.tab M470-65A-400Hz.tab

M470-65A-600Hz.tab M470-65A-700Hz.tab M470-65A-1kHz.tab

Page 77: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-77

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Magnet Loss

Select Mag_0 and in the Properties next to Materials click on NdFe30_N and then on View/Edit Materials.

Change the conductivity to 625000 S/m

Material properties are global quantities, the affect all designs. Thus when modifying materials that are common to various designs, thesolutions to the designs become invalid.

Page 78: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-78

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Magnet Loss

Select Mag_0, RMB to select Assign Excitation > Current

By assigning zero current to the magnet it is assured that total current into and out of this magnet is zero. If there were more than one magnet, each one should have a separate excitation of zero amps.

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-79

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Magnet Loss

Select Excitations, RMB to select Set Eddy Effect

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-80

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Core Loss

Select Excitations, RMB to select Set Core Loss. Add Core Loss for the Rotor and Stator

Page 81: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-81

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Solution Setup

Modify the solution setup by selecting Setup1, RMB and select Properties

1

2

The time step is determined by:

sec3.46deg1

secdeg21600

sec60min1*deg360*

min3600

urevrev

==

The frequency is 240 Hz, which gives a period of 4.2 msec. Thus 10 msec is ~2.5 cycles

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-82

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Results

Solve the transient problem by selecting Setup1 under Analysis, RMB to select Analyze

After the problem is solved, click on Results, RMB to select Create Transient Report > Rectangular Plot

1

23

Page 83: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-83

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Results

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00Time [ms]

-150.00

-100.00

-50.00

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00Y

1 [V

]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_OC_EMFXY Plot 2

Curve Info

InducedVoltage(PhaseA)Setup1 : Transient

InducedVoltage(PhaseB)Setup1 : Transient

InducedVoltage(PhaseC)Setup1 : Transient

Page 84: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-84

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Results

Click on Results, RMB to select Create Transient Report > Rectangular Plot

12

3

Page 85: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-85

Maxwell 2D: Open Circuit Back EMF, Results

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00Time [ms]

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20C

oreL

oss

[kW

]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_OC_EMFCore Loss

Curve InfoCoreLoss

Setup1 : Transient

Page 86: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-86

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition

To solve the problem for the rated condition, select the Maxwell 2D design PMSM_OC_EMF, RMB and select CopySelect the project name PM_SyncMotor, RMB and select Paste

Select the Maxwell 2D design PMSM_OC_EMF1, RMB and select Rename, and change the design name to PMSM_Rated

Delete the Mag_0, Rotor,and InnerRegion

Page 87: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-87

Maxwell 2D: New Rotor Geometry

Select menu item Draw > User Defined Primitive > SysLib > RMxrpt > IPMCore. Modify the Values as shown below.

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-88

Maxwell 2D: New Rotor Geometry

Select the object IPMCore1 and then Edit > Arrange > Rotate

Select Modeler > Boolean > Split

Select Edit > Arrange > Rotate and use -45 degrees about the Z axisSelect Modeler > Boolean > Split in the XZ Plane Keeping Fragments on the Negative SideSelect Edit > Arrange > Rotate and use +45 degrees about the Z axis

Page 89: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-89

Maxwell 2D: New Rotor Geometry

Select IPMCore1 and in the Properties windowName: Rotor

Material: M19_26G_SF0.950

Select Rotor, RMB to select Edit > CopyIn the drawing window, RMB to select Edit > PasteSelect CreateUserDefinedPart under Rotor1, RMB to select Properties

Change InfoCore to 1

Select Rotor1 and then Maxwell Model > Boolean > Separate Bodies. This will create two magnets. Change the name of the magnets to Mag_0 and Mag_1and change their color.

Page 90: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-90

Maxwell 2D: New Rotor Geometry

Select Rotor, RMB to select Edit > CopyIn the drawing window, RMB to select Edit > PasteSelect CreateUserDefinedPart under Rotor1, RMB to select Properties

Change InfoCore to 2

Select Rotor1 and in the Properties windowName: Duct

Material: Vacuum

Page 91: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-91

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, PM Setup

Select Mag_0 and in the Properties window click on the material M19_26G_SF0.950 and select NdFe30 and then Clone Material(s)

1

2

3

Page 92: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-92

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, PM Setup

Change the name to NdFe30_NV for North Pole V Core

Repeat the same for Mag_1

Cartesian CS with the pole aligned with the X axis

Page 93: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-93

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, PM Setup

The drawing tree should look like this

Page 94: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-94

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, PM Setup

A local coordinate system needs to be create for each magnet. Zoom into Mag_0. Select the Create Relative CS Icon

2

3

1

A local CS is create with X and Y axis as shown. Magnetization will be along the X axis4

Page 95: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-95

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, PM Setup

Zoom into Mag_1. Select the Create Relative CS Icon

3

1

2

A local CS is create with X and Y axis as shown. Magnetization will be along the X axis4

Page 96: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-96

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, PM Setup

Select Mag_0 and in the Properties Window change Orientation to RelateiveCS1

Select Mag_1 and in the Properties Window change Orientation to RelateiveCS2

Page 97: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-97

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, PM Mesh Ops.

Select Mag_0 and Mag_1, RMB to assign mesh operations

Page 98: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-98

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, Excitation

Select Rotor, Mag_0, Mag_1, and Duct. Select Moving1 under Motion, RMB to select Add Selected Object

Select PhaseA under Excitations, RMB to select Properties

163.299 * sin(2*pi*240*time+18.2635*pi/180)

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-99

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, Excitation

Select PhaseB and then PhaseC under Excitations, RMB to select Properties.

VB = 163.299 * sin(2*pi*240*time+18.2635*pi/180-2*pi/3)VC = 163.299 * sin(2*pi*240*time+18.2635*pi/180-4*pi/3)

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-100

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, Excitation

Select Excitation, RMB to select Setup Y Connection

2

3

1

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-101

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, Solution Setup

Select MotionSetup1 under Model, RMB to select Properties and then Data to change the Initial Position, and then Mechanical to set the speed

Select Setup1 under Analysis, RMB and select Properties

This problem takes too long to solve during the class. The full solution can be downloaded from Ansoft’s FTP site:

ftp://ftp.ansoft.com/download/ChinaTraining/PM_SyncMotor_Rated.zip

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-102

Maxwell 2D: Rated Condition, Results

0.00 50.00 100.00Time [ms]

-100.00

0.00

100.00

200.00

300.00

400.00

500.00

600.00

Mov

ing1

.Tor

que

[New

tonM

eter

]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_RatedTorque Quick ReportCurve Info

Moving1.TorqueSetup1 : Transient

0.00 50.00 100.00Time [ms]

-4000.00

-3000.00

-2000.00

-1000.00

0.00

1000.00

2000.00

3000.00

Y1

[A]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_RatedWinding Currents

Curve Info

Current(PhaseA)Setup1 : Transient

Current(PhaseB)Setup1 : Transient

Current(PhaseC)Setup1 : Transient

85.00 87.50 90.00 92.50 95.00 97.50 100.00Time [ms]

1.20

1.30

1.40

1.50

1.60

1.70

1.80

1.90

Cor

eLos

s [k

W]

Ansoft Corporation PMSM_RatedCore LossCurve Info

CoreLossSetup1 : Transient

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-103

Simplorer: Drive Design

1. Create Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Model from RMxprt:

Double click on the original RMxprt design, click on menu RMxprt > Analysis Setup > Export …,choose “Simplorer Model” from the list and select a path where you want the model to be saved.

2. View the text of the model: Run Simplorer V7.0.5, in “SSC 7.0 Commander” window, click on Programs > Editor, open the model file we just created from RMxprt(*.sml).

Note: The model is not simply a linear model you can typically find from a textbook any more. It has nonlinear effect considered for both main and leakage flux magnetic paths. This model can also be used as both motor and generator.

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-104

Simplorer: Drive Design

3. Use the RMxprt created model in Simplorer as a generator:

Open a new Simplorer Schematic, click on the “Add Ons” tab of the “ModelAgent”, click on “interfaces”, drag and drop “RMxprt” component on the schematic.

Double click on the “RMxprtLink1” and then click on “Import Model (*.sml)”, browse to the locationwhere the model was saved. Select the model > Open > OK, you should have the model show up like the following graph, with electrical nodes on the left and mechanical nodes on the right.

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-105

Simplorer: Drive Design

4. Build the rest of the schematic like below. Details of each component are shown on the next page.

RMXABC

ROT1ROT2

RMxprtLink1

ω+

V_ROT1

0

92.00

50.00

0 40.00m20.00m

DC Link Voltage

R_Load.V [V]

B6U

D1D3D5

D2D4D6

B6U1

R_Load C1

+ V VM1

-94.00

84.00

-50.00

0

50.00

0 40.00m20.00m

Back EMF (A-B

VM1.V [V]

0

2.00k

1.00k

0 40.00m20.00m

Input Speed from Shaft

V_ROT1.OMEGA [rpm]

-362.00

-3.55f

-300.00

-200.00

-100.00

0 40.00m20.00m

Rotor Position (Deg

RMxprtLink1.Pos

C := 1u

R := 1k

VALUE := 1000*(1+(t>0.02))

Page 106: Machine Training PM Synchronous Ansoft Maxwell

Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-106

Simplorer: Drive Design

5. ModelAgent > Add Ons tab > power > Line-commutated Converters > B6 Diode Bridge

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-107

Simplorer: Drive Design

6. ModelAgent > Basics tab > Measurement > Electrical > Voltmeter

7. ModelAgent > Basics tab > Circuit > Passive Elements > Resistor and Capacitor

Note: Select the component and right mouse click to Flip or Rotate the component. Or you can use quick shortcut “F’ for Flip and “R” for Rotate.

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-108

Simplorer: Drive Design

8. ModelAgent > Basics tab > Physical Domains > Mechanical > Velocity-Force-Representation > Rotational_V > Angular Velocity Source

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-109

Simplorer: Drive Design

9. Click on Simulation > Parameters, or Alt + F12, or just double mouse click on any empty space on the schematic, define simulation parameters as seen from the picture.

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-110

Simplorer: Drive Design

10. ModelAgent > Displays tab > Displays > 2D View

Create plots of R_Load.V, VM1.V, RMxprtLink1.Pos, V_ROT1.OMEGA (rpm).

11. Run the simulation and view the results.

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Ansoft Maxwell Field Simulator V12 – Training Manual P1-111

This completes the one day training course on permanent magnet

synchronous machines using Ansoft’sRMxprt, Maxwell 2D and Simplorer


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