Machines and Devices of Logistics - Thematics-----------1-------------------
Classification of the transported goods and main classes of materials handling machines
Machines for handling bulk materials
Belt conveyors
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Bucket elevators
Screw conveyors
Roller conveyors
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Presentation of the conveyors at the department
Practice for the test 1
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Test 1
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Machines for handling unit loads
Containers for material handling
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Types of unit loads inside manufacturing systems
Forklifts I.
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Forklifts II.
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Automated guided vehicles
with presentation in the labor
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Overhead cranes
Overhead conveyors and monorail systems
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Test 2
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Capacity analysis of complex materials handling systems
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Modeling possibilities of manufacturing logistic processes
Graphs
Petri-nets
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SysML Modeling language
Simulation software (ált)
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Test 3
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Building and analyzing material flow in logistic systems (capacity, stocks, bottlenecks etc. using Simul8)
Definition of materials handling
Organized motion of goods and materials which covers shorter distances and the state of the transported object doesn’t change.
In a typical factory, MH accounts for 24% of all employees, 55% of the space, and 87% of the production time.
It accounts for between 15% to 70% of the cost of a product.
Relation of materials handling and logistics
Materials handling
Provision of materials’ transport services
Logistics
Requirements on timing and relations
Classification of transported goods
Transported materials
Gases Liquids
Bulk materials
Solid bulk materials
Piece-goods
In natural form In loading units
Classification of materials-handling machines
Materials-handling machines
Continuous operating materials handling machines
Materials-handling machines
Loading machinesTransporting machines
Lifting machines Auxiliary devices
Discontinuous operating materials handling machines
Classification of materials-handling machinesMaterials-handling machines
Industrial trucksCranes
Conveyors
Other equipment
Chute conveyor
Wheel conveyor
Roller conveyor
Chain conveyor
Slat conveyor
Flat belt conveyor
Magnetic belt conveyor
Troughed belt conveyor
Bucket elevator
Vibrating conveyor
Screw conveyor
Pneumatic conveyor
Vertical conveyor
Cart-on-track conveyor
Tow conveyor
Trolley conveyor
Power-and-free conveyor
Monorail
Sortation conveyor
Jib crane
Bridge crane
Gantry crane
Stacker crane
Tower crane
Mobile crane
Hand truck
Pallet jack
Walkie stacker
Counterbalanced lift truck
Reach stacker
Turret truck
Order picker
Sideloader
Tractor-trailer
Automatic guided vehicle (AGV)
Materials handling related features of solid bulk materials
Solid bulk materials:
- typically homogeneous materials- transport and loading in greater masses, without packaging
Materials handling related features of solid bulk materials:
-grain size (average, max, min)- grain-size distribution- bulk-density- friction coefficient on solid surfaces- moisture content- cohesion- friability (fragile)- flowability- abrasiveness- corrosiveness- temperature- frozen- health-threatening
Materials handling related features of solid bulk materials
Examples :
Ashes: abrasive when dry, corrosive when wet
Charcoal: dusty (explosive dusts)
Cement: entrains air, compacts in storage, must not contact with moisture
Grass seed: gentle handling
Sulphur: danger from static sparks, risk of ignition, corrosive when wet
Iron ore: may be in large fragments
Wheat: hygienic conditions
Materials handling related features of solid bulk materials
Grain-size distribution diagram
Materials handling machines for handling solid bulk materials
Choice of equipment
1. Type of conveyor or elevator
2. Material transfer
3. Profile
4. Material properties
Effect of the height difference for the choice of the equipment
Materials handling machines for handling solid bulk materials
Belt conveyorsGeneral features
Belt conveyorsComponents and construction
Belt conveyorsTypical arrangements
Belt conveyorsTypical arrangements
Belt conveyorsCalculating capacity for a belt conveyor
Capacity reduction coeff. Inclination coeff. Loading coeff.
Belt conveyorsDriving of a belt conveyor
Possibilities of increasing arc of contact
Max. circumferential forceat the drum
Required tensioning force
Max. belt force
Belt conveyorsComparison of tensioning force
Head side driven
Tail side driven
Belt conveyorsDual-drum driving system
Dual-drum driving system
Ratio of the required torques at the two drums:
Belt conveyorsCalculation of the required force
Length-dependant resistance
Length depending drum resistance factor
Deflector plank resistance
2-5 N/cm
Belt cleaner resistance
Material acceleration (feeding) resistance
Lifting resistance
Resistance of a discharge trolley
Resistance of forward tilted idlers
Number of forward tilted idlers
Belt conveyorsBelt feeding
Speed vector of the material loaded onto the conveyor conveyor speed
feeding belt
Tips for feeding:
Belt conveyorsBelt feeding
Belt conveyorsDischarge from the belt
Discharge over the head pulley
Discharge from fixed tippers
Discharge from moveable tippers
Discharge by ploughing
Tube belt conveyors
Construction
source: http://www.beumergroup.com
Typical curve radius for normal belt conveyor
Typical curve radius for tube conveyor