Macroeconomy Map 13 ...Changesinthewidereconomyandmacroeconomicpoli-cies affect the performance of...

PART 1

Macroeconomy

Changes in the wider economy and macroeconomic poli-cies affect the performance of the agricultural econ-omy. Higher economic growth raises incomes and hencedemand. Changing interest rates influence capital in-vestments, land values and storage, while inflation af-fects real interest rates, as well as input, commodity andland prices. Exchange rate fluctuations have an impor-tant bearing on international competitiveness and tradeflows. Given the growing integration of the global econ-omy, macroeconomic policies are playing an increasinglyimportant role in determining the performance of agri-cultural sectors.

Around four years have elapsed since the onset of thefastest and deepest slowdown in global economic activ-ity since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The seedsof turmoil were sown when the seemingly containablesub-prime mortgage-linked banking crisis in the UnitedStates of America escalated into a full-scale global eco-nomic crisis. Sharp contractions in output, employment,investment and trade prompted governments and cen-tral banks around the world to respond swiftly with anunprecedented array of monetary and fiscal stimulusmeasures.

Such depth of intervention was required that budgetdeficits and government debt levels in the economiesof many developed countries (particularly in the Euroarea), which were already high before the crisis, are nowregarded as unsustainable. With rising sovereign risks,the price of ensuring against sovereign debt default hasincreased alarmingly, and these economies are facingpressures from financial markets to quickly enact far-reaching fiscal austerity measures. As a result, theseeconomies face the prospect of prolonged downgradedgrowth, while deterioration in market confidence in theEuro could impair funding conditions for banks and cor-porations and thus thwart capital flows to developingeconomies. Moreover, the scale of budget deficits inmany important donor countries may negatively impactfuture aid flows.

After expanding by just over 5 percent in 2010, globalGDP growth in real terms is expected to slow to around4 percent in 2011. With real growth in developedeconomies foreseen to rise by 1.6 percent in that year,global prospects are underpinned by an expected 6 per-cent rise in the economies of developing countries. Therecovery is mostly complete in all developing regions,with the pace of growth increasingly dictated by rapidlyimproving global trade, robust domestic demand and in-creasingly binding capacity constraints.

Map 13:

No Data < 5 5 − 10 10 − 15 15 − 20 20 − 30 > 30

Share of agriculture in GDP (%, 2009*)

Source: World Bank

Metalink: P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.AGV.GDP, p. 74

→ Agriculture merely contributes 3 percentto global GDP

→ This is one third of the contribution a fewdecades ago

→ However, more than 25 percent of GDPis derived from agriculture in many leastdeveloped countries

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MACROECONOMY

No Data < 5 5 − 10 10 − 15 15 − 20 20 − 30 > 30

Share of agriculture in GDP (%, 2009*)

Chart 26: Farmers in Latin America generate more agriculture value added than in otherdeveloping regions

Agriculture value added per worker (1990 - 2009)

Constant2000US$thousand

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1990 1995 2000 2005

E.Asia & Pac. L. Amer. & Carib. South Asia Sub-S Africa World

Source: World Bank

Metalink: P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.AGV.PWK, p. 74

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PART 1

The agriculture sector, buoyed by very high commod-ity prices, has demonstrated astonishing resilience dur-ing the global economic turmoil. In 2009, the most re-cent year for which data are available, agricultural valueadded at the world level rose by 4 percent, which can becontrasted to a 5 percent fall in global sector-wide GDP.In developing countries, the increase in agricultural GDPover this period was far more pronounced at 8 percent.

The economic recovery in developing countries has alsobeen facilitated by a large influx of capital flows fromdeveloped economies. Growth prospects have divergedin the two regions, as higher relative returns can befound in developing countries, especially in emerg-ing economies. At the same time, many developedeconomies have experienced downward pressure ontheir exchange rates vis-à-vis developing countries, par-ticularly the United States Dollar, thus reinforcing thetrend of capital flight.

Rising commodity prices, especially for food and fuel,combined with the rapid closing of output gaps andstrong capital inflows have contributed to an accelera-tion of inflation in many developing countries. Althoughthe extent of increase and its underlying factors differacross countries, headline inflation approached 7 per-cent on average in 2011, representing a year-on-year in-crease of round 1 percentage point. By contrast in de-veloped countries, inflation rose to almost 3 percent in2011, allaying the fears of deflation that had begun tosurface during the peak of the crisis. However, monetaryauthorities in many developing countries are respondingto inflation pressures and the narrowing of output gapsby tightening monetary policy through increasing inter-est rates.

After strongly rebounding in 2010, world merchandisetrade grew at a more modest pace in 2011. Interna-tional purchases by developing countries are expectedto account for over half of the increase in the volumeof world imports, with developed countries as the mainbeneficiaries of an expanding global marketplace. Ex-porters in developing countries have also recorded anoverall strong performance, as exemplified by Asia’s abil-ity to meet regional demand.

Depending on trade profile and exposure, commodityprice upswings have differential terms-of-trade impactson economies. Sustained rises in food and fuel priceshave profoundly changed the terms-of-trade of many de-veloping countries. Wide gains have been registeredamong oil exporters – often exceeding 8 percent ofGDP – and losses of resource- and food-insecure oil-importing countries as much as 6 percent of GDP.

Further reading

• World Bank: Global Economic Prospects (wwwr.worldbank.org/prospects/)

• International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook(www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/)

Chart 27: US Dollar exchange rate volatility has broughtuncertainty to international commodity markets

Monthly USD trade weighted index (Sep-08 - Sep 11)

2000=100

78

80

82

84

86

88

90

92

2008 2009 2010 2011

Source: US Federal Reserve

Metalink: P1.MAC.USA.FR.EXR.MAJ, p. 74

Chart 28: Trade plays an increasingly important role inmost economies, particularly in East Asia, but has takena downturn in 2009

Merchandise trade (1960-2009)

%ofGDP

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

DevelopedEastAsia

L.Amer. &Carib.

SouthAsia

Sub-SAfrica

Source: World Bank

Metalink: P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.MCH.GDP, p. 74

34

wwwr.worldbank.org/prospects/

wwwr.worldbank.org/prospects/

www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&objectsyb=C_P1.MAC.2

MACROECONOMY

Map 14: Economic growth in many developing countries outperforming growth in developed countries

No Data < 0 0 − 3 4 − 6 7 − 10 > 10Real GDP growth, annual (%, 2010)

Source: World Bank

Metalink: P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GDP.RGR, p. 73

Map 15: ... but often accompanied by high inflation

No Data < 2 2 − 5 6 − 9 10 − 17 > 17Inflation, consumer prices, annual (%, 2010)

Source: World Bank

Metalink: P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.INF.PER, p. 74

35



TABLE 1: Population and structurePopulation Age composition Median

ageAgricultural population

total growth between total share growth

0-14 65 +

millions millions % p.a. % p.a. % % years millions % % p.a.

2000 2010 1990-99 2000-10 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 1990-2000

WORLD 6121.8 6894.8 1.5 1.2 26.5 12.3 29.4 2619.0 32.3 0.5

DEVELOPING REGIONS 4927.0 5651.5 1.7 1.4 28.8 9.5 26.9 2565.7 40.5 0.6

AFRICA 811.1 1022.2 2.5 2.3 40.1 5.9 19.2 513.4 50.2 2.1

North Africa 142.0 165.9 1.7 1.6 29.1 8.5 25.0 40.8 24.6 −0.4

Algeria 30.5 35.5 1.9 1.5 26.9 7.5 26.1 7.4 20.9 0.5

Egypt 67.6 81.1 1.8 1.8 31.3 8.6 23.6 22.7 27.9 −0.4

Libya 5.2 6.4 1.9 2.0 30.2 7.1 25.8 0.2 3.0 −4.1

Morocco 28.8 32.0 1.5 1.0 27.8 8.9 26.2 8.3 25.9 −1.1

Tunisia 9.5 10.5 1.5 1.0 23.2 11.0 28.4 2.2 20.6 −0.1

Sub-Saharan Africa 669.1 856.3 2.7 2.5 42.2 5.4 18.1 472.6 55.2 2.4

Angola 13.9 19.1 3.0 3.2 46.5 4.2 16.3 13.2 69.2 2.7

Benin 6.5 8.8 3.2 3.1 43.5 5.0 17.4 3.9 44.3 1.3

Botswana 1.8 2.0 2.5 1.3 32.4 6.6 22.4 0.8 42.1 1.6

Burkina Faso 12.3 16.5 2.8 3.0 45.3 3.9 16.7 15.2 92.1 2.9

Burundi 6.4 8.4 1.3 2.8 37.7 4.9 20.2 7.5 89.2 1.9

Cameroon 15.7 19.6 2.6 2.3 40.4 5.8 18.5 8.0 40.9 0.1

Cape Verde 0.4 0.5 2.4 1.3 31.5 8.2 22.4 0.1 16.9 −1.2

Central African Republic 3.7 4.4 2.4 1.7 40.2 6.4 18.7 2.8 63.2 0.9

Chad 8.2 11.2 3.2 3.2 45.3 4.8 16.8 7.4 65.7 2.0

Comoros 0.6 0.7 2.5 2.7 42.5 4.6 18.2 0.5 69.4 2.1

Congo 3.1 4.0 2.8 2.6 40.4 6.0 18.8 1.3 31.9 0.6

Côte d’Ivoire 16.6 19.7 2.9 1.8 40.8 6.3 18.4 7.5 37.9 0.0

Congo, Dem. Rep. 49.6 66.0 3.2 2.9 46.2 4.5 16.4 37.7 57.2 2.2

Djibouti 0.7 0.9 2.7 2.0 35.7 5.8 21.2 0.7 74.0 1.8

Equatorial Guinea 0.5 0.7 3.4 3.0 39.1 4.8 20.3 0.5 64.3 2.5

Eritrea 3.7 5.3 1.3 3.7 41.5 4.3 18.3 3.9 73.8

Ethiopia 65.6 83.0 3.1 2.4 41.3 5.6 18.0 64.2 77.3

Gabon 1.2 1.5 3.0 2.0 35.2 7.2 21.5 0.4 25.7 −1.1

Gambia 1.3 1.7 3.0 2.9 43.9 3.6 17.2 1.3 76.0 2.6

Ghana 19.2 24.4 2.6 2.4 38.4 6.4 20.5 13.1 53.8 2.1

Guinea 8.3 10.0 4.0 1.8 42.7 5.4 17.7 8.0 79.8 2.3

Guinea-Bissau 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.0 41.1 5.6 18.3 1.2 79.3 1.6

Kenya 31.3 40.5 3.0 2.6 42.3 4.5 17.9 28.6 70.6 2.2

Lesotho 2.0 2.2 1.9 1.0 37.1 7.0 20.3 0.8 38.9 0.8

Liberia 2.8 4.0 2.7 3.4 43.4 4.6 17.6 2.5 62.0 2.4

Madagascar 15.4 20.7 3.1 3.0 42.9 5.1 17.6 14.5 70.1 2.5

Malawi 11.2 14.9 1.7 2.9 45.7 5.3 16.5 10.9 72.9 1.7

Mali 11.3 15.4 2.6 3.1 47.1 3.7 16.1 11.5 74.9 2.3

Mauritania 2.6 3.5 2.8 2.7 39.8 4.6 18.8 1.7 50.3 2.3

Mauritius 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.8 21.6 12.2 32.2 0.1 8.0 −2.5

Mozambique 18.2 23.4 3.0 2.5 43.9 5.5 17.3 17.8 76.0 2.5

Namibia 1.9 2.3 3.0 1.9 36.2 6.2 21.1 0.9 41.0 0.7

Niger 10.9 15.5 3.4 3.6 48.9 4.0 15.4 12.9 82.9 3.2

Nigeria 123.7 158.4 2.4 2.5 42.7 5.6 17.9 39.4 24.9 −0.3

Rwanda 8.1 10.6 0.7 2.8 42.5 4.7 18.0 9.5 89.4 1.9

Senegal 9.5 12.4 2.8 2.7 43.6 4.1 17.3 8.7 70.2 2.3

Seychelles 0.1 0.1 1.1 1.0 0.1 73.6 0.4

Sierra Leone 4.1 5.9 0.1 3.5 43.0 3.6 17.7 3.5 60.0 1.1

Somalia 7.4 9.3 1.0 2.3 44.8 4.6 17.1 6.1 65.6 1.1

Sudan 34.2 43.6 2.6 2.5 39.9 6.0 18.8 22.4 51.5 1.0

South Africa 44.8 50.1 2.0 1.1 30.0 7.9 25.0 4.9 9.8 −1.8

Swaziland 1.1 1.2 2.2 1.1 38.2 5.5 18.6 0.3 28.8 −0.4

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 34.0 44.8 3.0 2.8 44.5 5.2 17.1 32.9 73.3 2.3

Togo 4.8 6.0 2.7 2.3 39.5 5.6 18.8 3.2 53.4 1.5

Uganda 24.2 33.4 3.2 3.3 48.3 4.2 15.6 24.6 73.5 2.6

Zambia 10.2 13.1 2.6 2.5 46.2 5.0 16.4 8.3 63.2 1.8

Zimbabwe 12.5 12.6 1.9 0.0 38.6 6.6 18.6 7.1 56.3 −0.1

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TABLE 1: Population and structure (continued)Population Age composition Median



0-14 65 +


2000 2010 1990-99 2000-10 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 1990-2000

ASIA 3586.4 4029.2 1.6 1.2 26.1 10.1 28.8 1953.1 42.1 0.3

Central Asia 55.4 60.7 1.0 0.9 28.7 7.9 24.5 12.9 21.2

Kazakhstan 15.0 16.0 −1.0 0.7 24.2 11.0 28.5 2.5 15.6

Kyrgyzstan 5.0 5.3 1.2 0.7 29.8 7.2 23.2 1.1 20.8

Tajikistan 6.2 6.9 1.6 1.1 36.7 5.5 20.4 1.9 27.4

Turkmenistan 4.5 5.0 2.2 1.1 29.0 6.8 23.7 1.5 29.7

Uzbekistan 24.8 27.4 2.0 1.0 29.1 7.0 23.5 5.9 21.4

East Asia 1893.4 2040.8 1.2 0.8 21.4 12.4 32.8 1098.0 39.4 −0.0

Brunei Darussalam 0.3 0.4 2.7 2.0 25.9 6.7 28.4 0.0 0.3 −7.7

Cambodia 12.4 14.1 2.8 1.3 31.8 6.6 22.4 9.3 65.9 1.4

China 1298.3 1372.1 1.1 0.6 19.1 13.6 35.1 834.5 −0.0

Indonesia 213.4 239.9 1.5 1.2 26.8 8.8 27.4 89.6 37.3 −0.2

Korea, DPR 22.9 24.3 1.3 0.6 22.6 14.7 32.7 5.7 23.3 −1.5

Korea, Republic of 46.0 48.2 0.7 0.5 16.1 17.4 37.8 2.2 4.6 −5.6

Lao, PDR 5.3 6.2 2.5 1.5 34.3 6.4 21.3 4.6 74.9 1.8

Malaysia 23.4 28.4 2.6 1.9 30.2 8.2 26.0 3.4 12.0 −1.6

Mongolia 2.4 2.8 1.0 1.3 27.4 6.5 25.5 0.5 17.9 −1.7

Myanmar 45.0 48.0 1.4 0.6 25.4 8.6 27.8 32.2 67.1 0.6

Philippines 77.3 93.3 2.3 1.9 35.3 6.1 21.8 31.3 33.5 0.5

Singapore 3.9 5.1 2.7 2.6 17.1 15.5 37.6 0.0 0.1 −6.3

Thailand 63.2 69.1 1.0 0.9 20.2 14.3 33.7 28.4 41.1 −0.7

Viet Nam 78.8 87.8 1.7 1.1 23.3 9.5 27.8 55.5 63.2 0.7

South Asia 1460.2 1704.1 2.0 1.6 30.9 7.9 24.6 806.2 47.3 0.8

Afghanistan 22.9 31.4 6.1 3.2 46.4 3.9 16.3 18.8 59.7 3.8

Bangladesh 129.6 148.7 2.1 1.4 31.1 7.3 23.5 67.4 45.4 −0.1

Bhutan 0.6 0.7 −0.1 2.4 29.4 7.5 23.7 0.7 92.8 1.3

India 1053.9 1224.6 1.9 1.5 30.4 8.2 25.3 592.3 48.4 0.8

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 65.3 74.0 1.8 1.2 22.7 8.4 26.9 15.9 21.5 −0.5

Maldives 0.3 0.3 2.3 1.5 26.5 6.9 23.6 0.1 18.4 −2.0

Nepal 24.4 30.0 2.5 2.1 36.0 6.7 21.2 27.8 93.0 2.3

Pakistan 144.5 173.6 2.6 1.8 35.2 7.0 21.5 74.2 42.7 1.2

Sri Lanka 18.7 20.9 0.8 1.1 24.5 13.6 30.9 9.0 43.3 0.3

West Asia 177.4 223.5 2.2 2.3 31.6 7.3 24.4 36.0 16.1 −0.2

Armenia 3.1 3.1 −1.5 0.1 19.7 16.8 32.4 0.3 9.4

Azerbaijan 8.1 9.2 1.2 1.3 20.7 9.8 28.9 2.1 22.8

Bahrain 0.6 1.3 2.7 7.1 20.0 3.7 30.2 0.0 0.6 −1.1

Cyprus 0.9 1.1 2.1 1.6 17.4 18.3 33.9 0.1 5.3 −2.8

Georgia 4.7 4.4 −1.4 −0.9 16.1 21.6 37.8 0.7 15.1

Iraq 23.9 31.7 3.2 2.9 43.0 5.1 17.7 1.7 5.5 −2.1

Jordan 4.8 6.2 3.7 2.5 37.3 6.3 20.7 0.4 6.3 −0.9

Kuwait 1.9 2.7 −1.3 3.5 26.6 4.4 27.6 0.0 1.0 0.8

Lebanon 3.7 4.2 2.5 1.2 24.5 11.4 28.6 0.1 1.8 −4.9

Occupied PalestinianTerritory

3.2 4.0 4.5 2.4 42.4 4.7 17.5 0.3 8.0 −0.9

Saudi Arabia 20.0 27.4 2.2 3.2 30.2 5.0 25.9 1.4 5.1 −3.9

Syrian Arab Republic 16.0 20.4 2.6 2.5 36.7 6.5 21.0 4.1 20.0 0.4

Turkey 63.6 72.8 1.6 1.3 26.1 9.8 27.8 14.5 19.9 −1.4

United Arab Emirates 3.0 7.5 5.4 9.5 17.0 1.1 30.1 0.2 3.1 2.5

Yemen 17.7 24.1 4.1 3.1 44.1 4.4 17.0 9.3 38.8 1.6

LATIN AMERICA & THECARIBBEAN

521.4 590.1 1.7 1.2 27.5 11.2 27.4 93.2 15.8 −1.1

Argentina 36.9 40.4 1.3 0.9 24.3 16.7 30.9 3.1 7.7 −1.4

Bahamas 0.3 0.3 1.5 1.4 22.5 11.2 30.9 0.0 2.3 −2.4

Barbados 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 17.0 18.8 37.7 0.0 2.6 −4.3

Belize 0.3 0.3 2.8 2.2 35.0 6.4 21.5 0.1 23.7 0.8

Bolivia (Plur. State) 8.3 9.9 2.3 1.8 35.8 7.7 21.5 4.0 39.9 1.3

Brazil 174.4 194.9 1.6 1.1 25.1 11.6 28.6 21.1 10.8 −2.5

Chile 15.4 17.1 1.6 1.0 21.7 14.9 32.3 2.3 13.3 −0.4

Colombia 39.8 46.3 1.8 1.5 28.4 9.6 26.7 7.0 15.1 −1.2

Costa Rica 3.9 4.7 2.5 1.7 24.6 10.8 28.1 0.7 15.8 −0.5

37


TABLE 1: Population and structure (continued)Population Age composition Median



0-14 65 +


2000 2010 1990-99 2000-10 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 1990-2000

Cuba 11.1 11.3 0.5 0.1 16.8 19.2 38.4 1.5 12.9 −2.2

Dominica 0.1 0.1 −0.2 −0.3 0.0 20.6 −1.8

Dominican Republic 8.6 9.9 1.8 1.5 30.6 10.2 25.4 1.1 11.2 −2.7

Ecuador 12.3 14.5 1.9 1.6 29.9 10.1 25.7 2.9 19.8 −1.0

El Salvador 5.9 6.2 1.1 0.4 31.5 11.0 22.9 1.6 26.2 −0.9

French Guiana 0.2 0.2 3.5 3.4 33.2 7.3 23.6 0.0 13.0 0.7

Grenada 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 27.6 10.5 25.2 0.0 20.2 −1.2

Guatemala 11.2 14.4 2.3 2.5 41.2 7.1 18.2 6.1 42.1 1.0

Guyana 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.3 33.4 7.0 23.2 0.1 14.6 −1.8

Haiti 8.6 10.0 2.0 1.5 35.8 7.0 21.3 5.9 58.8 0.9

Honduras 6.2 7.6 2.5 2.0 36.5 7.0 20.9 2.0 26.5 −0.3

Jamaica 2.6 2.7 0.9 0.6 28.5 12.3 27.2 0.5 17.5 −1.0

Mexico 100.0 113.4 1.7 1.3 28.7 10.2 26.6 20.3 17.9 −1.1

Netherlands Antilles 0.2 0.2 −0.6 1.1 20.6 17.2 37.5 0.0 0.5 0.0

Nicaragua 5.1 5.8 2.2 1.3 34.2 7.1 21.8 0.9 15.4 −1.5

Panama 3.0 3.5 2.0 1.8 28.6 10.8 27.2 0.6 17.8 −0.7

Paraguay 5.3 6.5 2.4 1.9 33.2 8.5 22.7 1.9 29.9 0.6

Peru 25.9 29.1 1.8 1.2 29.6 9.8 25.7 7.0 24.0 −0.2

St. Kitts & Nevis 0.0 0.1 1.0 1.2 0.0 21.2 −0.4

St. Lucia 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.0 25.4 11.3 27.4 0.0 20.1 −0.4

St. Vincent & Grenadines 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 25.9 10.2 27.2 0.0 20.2 −1.5

Suriname 0.5 0.5 1.4 1.2 28.1 10.5 27.4 0.1 16.8 0.2

Trinidad & Tobago 1.3 1.3 0.6 0.4 20.3 11.7 30.9 0.1 6.6 −2.1

Uruguay 3.3 3.4 0.7 0.1 21.7 21.1 34.0 0.3 9.9 −0.7

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 24.3 29.0 2.2 1.8 29.2 9.5 26.1 1.8 6.2 −2.3

OCEANIA 8.1 10.0 2.3 2.1 37.0 5.9 21.5 6.1 61.4 1.6

Fiji 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.6 28.9 8.3 26.2 0.3 35.9 −0.3

French Polynesia 0.2 0.3 2.0 1.3 25.1 10.5 28.5 0.1 26.9 −0.6

New Caledonia 0.2 0.3 2.3 1.7 25.1 12.9 30.5 0.1 30.3 0.2

Papua New Guinea 5.4 6.9 2.6 2.5 38.9 4.9 20.4 5.0 72.7 1.9

Samoa 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.3 37.3 8.1 21.0 0.1 27.3 −1.6

Solomon Islands 0.4 0.5 2.8 2.8 39.6 5.4 19.0 0.4 67.7 2.2

Tonga 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.6 37.1 8.6 21.2 0.0 26.9 −1.9

Vanuatu 0.2 0.2 2.3 2.6 38.1 5.9 20.6 0.1 30.4 0.7

DEVELOPED REGIONS 1194.8 1243.3 0.4 0.4 15.9 24.9 40.6 53.3 4.3 −0.8

NORTH AMERICA 313.3 344.5 1.1 1.0 19.0 21.6 38.0 5.8 1.7 −2.0

Bermuda 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.0 1.5 −3.4

Canada 30.7 34.0 1.0 1.0 15.8 23.0 41.0 0.6 1.9 −2.3

United States of America 282.5 310.4 1.1 0.9 19.3 21.4 37.6 5.1 1.7 −1.9

ASIA & OCEANIA 154.8 160.6 0.5 0.4 14.2 31.7 44.5 4.0 2.5 −4.5

Australia 19.2 22.3 1.1 1.5 18.3 21.9 37.6 0.9 3.9 −0.4

Israel 6.0 7.4 3.0 2.1 26.5 17.2 30.9 0.1 1.7 −1.8

Japan 125.7 126.5 0.3 0.1 12.6 34.6 46.7 2.7 2.1 −5.6

New Zealand 3.9 4.4 1.3 1.2 19.8 21.0 37.3 0.3 7.7 −0.1

EUROPE 726.8 738.2 0.1 0.2 14.8 24.9 40.9 43.5 5.9 −0.1

Albania 3.1 3.2 −0.8 0.4 22.3 14.6 30.5 1.3 41.8 −1.5

Belarus 10.1 9.6 −0.2 −0.5 14.5 20.9 38.5 0.9 8.9

Bosnia & Herzegovina 3.7 3.8 −2.0 0.2 14.7 21.3 40.2 0.1 2.4

Croatia 4.5 4.4 0.1 −0.2 14.4 26.1 42.3 0.2 4.4

European Union 481.6 500.6 0.2 0.4 14.8 26.7 42.0 21.7 4.3 −3.2

Iceland 0.3 0.3 1.0 1.3 20.3 19.7 35.7 0.0 6.2 −1.7

Macedonia, FYR 2.0 2.1 0.5 0.3 17.3 18.4 36.3 0.2 7.5

Montenegro 0.6 0.6 0.5 −0.0 18.8 19.6 36.4 0.1 12.8

Norway 4.5 4.9 0.6 0.8 17.9 24.6 40.2 0.2 3.7 −2.4

Republic of Moldova 4.1 3.6 −0.5 −1.4 16.3 17.7 35.8 0.5 14.9

Russian Federation 146.8 143.0 −0.1 −0.3 14.6 20.1 38.1 11.5 8.1

Serbia 10.1 9.9 0.7 −0.3 17.1 22.1 37.9 1.3 12.8

Switzerland 7.2 7.7 0.7 0.7 14.5 26.3 42.3 0.4 5.0 −1.9

Ukraine 48.9 45.4 −0.5 −0.7 13.7 23.3 40.4 5.2 11.5

38


TABLE 2: Demographic change and indicatorsPopulation Mortality and fertility Net

migration

rural urban density lifeexpectancy

mortality infantmortality

fertility contracep-tive use

share growth share growth per per

% % p.a. % % p.a. per km2 years 1000people

1000 livebirths

births perwoman

women % thousands

2010 2000-10 2010 2000-10 2010 2010 2010 2010 2009 2009* 2010

WORLD 49.6 0.4 50.4 2.1 199.8 68.9 8 35 2.5 61.1 −79

DEVELOPING REGIONS 55.0 0.5 45.0 2.7 217.2 67.0 8 42 2.8 −13658

AFRICA 60.0 1.7 40.0 3.4 78.9 56.2 12 73 4.7 −2706

North Africa 45.9 1.0 54.1 2.2 60.8 72.3 5 27 2.6 −905

Algeria 33.5 −0.3 66.5 2.6 14.9 72.3 5 25 2.3 61.4 −140

Egypt 56.6 1.8 43.4 2.0 81.0 72.3 5 26 2.8 60.3 −340

Libya 22.1 1.4 77.9 2.2 3.6 74.0 4 15 2.6 45.2 20

Morocco 41.8 0.1 58.2 2.1 71.6 71.2 6 34 2.3 63.0 −425

Tunisia 32.7 −0.2 67.3 1.5 64.1 73.9 6 21 2.0 60.2 −20

Sub-Saharan Africa 62.7 1.8 37.3 3.8 82.4 53.1 13 82 5.1 −1801

Angola 41.5 0.8 58.5 4.7 15.3 49.6 15 104 5.6 6.2 80

Benin 58.0 2.7 42.0 4.3 78.6 54.6 12 85 5.4 17.0 50

Botswana 38.9 −0.5 61.1 2.8 3.5 53.3 13 41 2.8 52.8 15

Burkina Faso 74.3 2.4 25.7 7.2 60.1 53.9 13 79 5.8 17.4 −65

Burundi 89.0 2.5 11.0 5.7 301.2 48.8 15 101 4.5 9.1 323

Cameroon 41.6 0.4 58.4 4.0 41.2 50.0 15 94 4.5 29.2 −19

Cape Verde 38.9 −0.2 61.1 2.9 123.0 73.5 5 21 2.7 61.3 −12

Central African Republic 61.1 1.6 38.9 2.2 7.1 45.9 18 105 4.7 19.0 5

Chad 72.4 2.6 27.6 4.9 8.7 48.5 17 131 6.1 2.8 −75

Comoros 71.8 2.3 28.2 2.3 394.8 59.6 9 72 3.9 25.7 −10

Congo 37.9 1.2 62.1 2.8 11.8 56.0 12 72 4.3 44.3 −50

Côte d’Ivoire 49.4 0.9 50.6 3.8 61.2 53.0 13 77 4.5 12.9 −145

Congo, Dem. Rep. 64.8 2.1 35.2 4.6 28.1 47.4 17 116 5.9 20.6 −100

Djibouti 23.8 1.8 76.2 1.9 38.3 56.6 10 82 3.8 22.5 0

Equatorial Guinea 60.3 2.6 39.7 3.0 25.0 50.1 15 102 5.3 10

Eritrea 78.4 3.1 21.6 5.7 44.7 60.0 8 54 4.5 8.0 55

Ethiopia 83.3 2.4 16.7 3.8 75.1 57.2 10 72 5.2 14.7 −300

Gabon 14.0 −1.5 86.0 2.7 5.6 61.3 9 51 3.2 32.7 5

Gambia 41.9 1.0 58.1 4.8 153.0 57.3 10 74 5.0 17.5 15

Ghana 48.5 0.8 51.5 3.8 102.3 62.7 8 50 3.9 23.5 −51

Guinea 64.6 1.4 35.4 3.4 40.6 52.4 14 93 5.3 9.1 −300

Guinea-Bissau 70.0 2.3 30.0 2.5 41.9 46.8 17 119 5.7 10.3 −12

Kenya 77.8 2.3 22.2 3.9 69.8 55.0 11 65 4.9 45.5 −189

Lesotho 73.1 0.1 26.9 4.0 71.5 46.0 17 77 3.3 47.0 −36

Liberia 52.2 3.1 47.8 4.6 35.9 54.4 12 89 5.8 11.4 248

Madagascar 69.8 2.4 30.2 3.9 35.3 65.8 7 45 4.6 39.9 −5

Malawi 80.2 2.3 19.8 5.6 125.8 51.5 14 95 5.5 41.0 −20

Mali 64.1 1.3 35.9 4.8 12.4 50.0 15 101 6.5 8.2 −202

Mauritania 58.6 2.3 41.4 3.0 3.4 57.5 10 77 4.4 9.3 10

Mauritius 58.2 1.0 41.8 0.6 636.8 72.8 7 13 1.5 75.9 0

Mozambique 61.6 1.3 38.4 4.9 29.2 48.8 15 88 5.0 16.2 −20

Namibia 62.0 1.1 38.0 3.6 2.8 61.1 9 38 3.3 55.1 −1

Niger 82.9 3.6 17.1 4.3 12.2 53.1 14 96 7.1 11.2 −28

Nigeria 50.2 1.0 49.8 4.0 171.5 50.3 15 96 5.6 14.6 −300

Rwanda 81.1 2.0 18.9 5.9 403.4 53.9 12 100 5.3 36.4 15

Senegal 57.6 2.3 42.4 3.2 63.2 58.2 10 55 4.7 11.8 −100

Seychelles 44.7 −0.5 55.3 1.4 190.1 2.3

Sierra Leone 61.6 2.8 38.4 4.1 81.8 46.3 17 114 5.2 8.2 60

Somalia 62.5 1.7 37.5 3.6 14.6 50.2 15 107 6.3 14.6 −250

Sudan 59.9 1.1 40.1 4.0 17.4 60.3 9 64 4.1 7.6 135

South Africa 38.3 −0.0 61.7 2.0 41.1 51.2 15 55 2.5 59.9 700

Swaziland 78.6 1.2 21.4 0.5 68.3 47.4 15 76 3.5 50.6 −6

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 73.6 2.3 26.4 4.6 47.4 55.4 11 64 5.5 26.4 −300

Togo 56.6 1.4 43.4 4.4 106.2 55.7 11 74 4.2 16.8 −5

Uganda 86.7 3.2 13.3 4.3 138.7 52.2 13 79 6.2 23.7 −135

Zambia 64.3 2.2 35.7 2.7 17.4 46.9 17 95 5.7 40.8 −85

Zimbabwe 61.7 −0.6 38.3 1.4 32.2 46.6 15 59 3.4 64.9 −700

39


TABLE 2: Demographic change and indicators (continued)Population Mortality and fertility Net

migration






1000 livebirths

births perwoman

women % thousands

2010 2000-10 2010 2000-10 2010 2010 2010 2010 2009 2009* 2010

ASIA 58.8 0.3 41.2 2.7 276.7 68.8 7 37 2.3 −5642

Central Asia 58.1 1.0 41.9 1.0 37.9 66.6 8 43 2.7 −800

Kazakhstan 41.5 −0.0 58.5 0.9 5.9 65.8 11 27 2.6 50.7 −100

Kyrgyzstan 65.4 1.2 34.6 1.0 26.7 66.7 8 36 2.8 47.8 −75

Tajikistan 73.7 1.4 26.3 1.3 48.1 66.4 6 56 3.4 37.1 −200

Turkmenistan 50.5 0.7 49.5 2.2 10.3 64.7 8 50 2.4 48.0 −25

Uzbekistan 63.8 1.3 36.2 0.8 61.3 67.4 7 49 2.6 64.9 −400

East Asia 53.6 −0.7 46.4 2.9 207.8 71.9 7 23 1.9 −3084

Brunei Darussalam 24.3 0.3 75.7 2.7 69.2 77.5 3 5 2.0 4

Cambodia 79.9 1.3 20.1 3.4 78.1 61.5 8 62 2.9 40.0 −5

China 53.0 −1.2 47.0 3.4 188.8 72.9 7 22 1.8 −1567

Indonesia 55.7 0.8 44.3 1.8 125.9 67.9 7 29 2.1 56.6 −730

Korea, DPR 39.8 0.3 60.2 0.6 202.0 68.4 10 27 1.9 68.6 0

Korea, Republic of 17.0 −1.3 83.0 0.9 484.1 80.0 5 4 1.3 79.6 −30

Lao, PDR 66.8 0.2 33.2 6.1 26.2 66.1 7 44 3.4 38.4 −75

Malaysia 27.8 −1.3 72.2 3.4 86.1 73.4 5 8 2.5 54.5 130

Mongolia 38.0 −0.0 62.0 2.1 1.8 67.3 7 36 2.0 55.2 −10

Myanmar 66.4 −0.0 33.6 2.7 70.9 63.5 9 55 2.3 41.0 −500

Philippines 51.1 1.7 48.9 2.1 310.9 67.8 6 23 3.0 50.7 −900

Singapore 1.9 7447.2 80.6 5 2 1.2 62.0 500

Thailand 66.0 0.5 34.0 1.8 134.7 73.6 7 12 1.8 76.7 300

Viet Nam 69.6 0.4 30.4 3.5 264.9 74.3 5 20 2.0 79.5 −200

South Asia 68.3 1.2 31.7 2.5 390.5 64.8 8 54 2.8 −2880

Afghanistan 77.4 3.2 22.6 4.7 48.2 47.3 17 136 6.5 15.0 1000

Bangladesh 71.9 1.0 28.1 3.3 1032.6 67.8 6 49 2.3 52.6 −570

Bhutan 65.3 1.0 34.7 5.6 15.4 65.8 7 44 2.6 35.4 10

India 70.0 1.2 30.0 2.4 372.5 64.2 8 53 2.7 54.0 −1000

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 29.2 −0.9 70.8 2.1 44.9 72.1 5 27 1.8 78.9 −500

Maldives 59.9 −0.5 40.1 5.3 1060.0 75.5 4 10 2.0 34.7 0

Nepal 81.4 1.4 18.6 5.4 203.6 67.4 6 39 2.8 48.0 −100

Pakistan 64.1 1.8 35.9 3.1 218.1 64.6 8 71 3.9 29.6 −1420

Sri Lanka 85.7 1.0 14.3 −0.2 317.9 74.2 7 12 2.3 68.4 −300

West Asia 33.9 1.2 66.1 2.5 102.3 71.4 5 27 2.9 1121

Armenia 35.8 0.2 64.2 −0.0 103.8 73.7 9 26 1.8 53.1 −75

Azerbaijan 48.1 0.8 51.9 1.1 106.1 70.1 7 41 2.3 51.1 −50

Bahrain 11.4 1.9 88.6 2.2 1818.2 74.6 3 7 2.2 61.8 20

Cyprus 29.7 0.6 70.3 1.4 119.3 78.9 7 5 1.5 25

Georgia 47.3 −1.2 52.7 −1.2 62.4 73.0 11 29 1.6 47.3 −250

Iraq 33.8 3.0 66.2 2.2 72.3 67.3 6 35 3.9 49.8 −577

Jordan 21.5 2.8 78.5 3.0 69.3 72.9 4 21 3.4 59.3 250

Kuwait 1.6 2.1 98.4 3.2 153.6 74.2 3 8 2.1 50.2 120

Lebanon 12.8 0.3 87.2 1.4 406.5 72.0 7 23 1.8 58.0 −12


25.9 2.6 74.1 3.7 671.0 72.2 4 22

Saudi Arabia 17.9 1.2 82.1 2.6 12.8 73.1 4 19 3.0 23.8 150

Syrian Arab Republic 44.3 2.3 55.7 3.9 110.2 75.3 4 15 3.1 58.3 800

Turkey 30.4 −0.2 69.6 2.1 92.8 73.0 5 24 2.1 73.0 −44

United Arab Emirates 16.0 1.6 84.0 4.3 89.9 75.9 1 7 1.9 27.5 343

Yemen 68.2 2.1 31.8 4.9 45.6 63.9 7 53 5.1 27.7 −135


20.4 −0.6 79.6 1.8 53.8 73.5 6 21 2.2 −5246

Argentina 7.6 −1.6 92.4 1.2 14.5 75.3 8 13 2.2 78.3 30

Bahamas 15.9 0.0 84.1 1.5 24.7 74.8 5 16 2.0 44.6 2

Barbados 55.5 −0.9 44.5 1.6 635.7 76.2 9 14 1.5 55.0 −1

Belize 47.6 1.3 52.4 3.2 13.6 75.3 4 17 2.8 34.3 −1

Bolivia (Plur. State) 33.5 0.6 66.5 2.6 9.0 65.6 7 46 3.4 60.6 −100

Brazil 13.5 −2.2 86.5 1.8 22.9 72.2 6 23 1.8 80.6 −229

Chile 11.0 −1.4 89.0 1.4 22.6 78.7 5 7 1.9 58.4 30

Colombia 24.9 0.4 75.1 1.9 40.6 72.9 5 19 2.4 78.2 −120

Costa Rica 35.6 0.3 64.4 2.6 91.2 78.9 4 10 1.9 80.0 30

40


TABLE 2: Demographic change and indicators (continued)Population Mortality and fertility Net

migration






1000 livebirths

births perwoman

women % thousands

2010 2000-10 2010 2000-10 2010 2010 2010 2010 2009 2009* 2010

Cuba 24.8 0.3 75.2 0.1 101.6 78.5 7 5 1.5 77.8 −194

Dominica 32.8 0.0 67.2 −0.2 90.2 50.0

Dominican Republic 30.8 −0.7 69.2 2.6 204.6 72.5 6 30 2.6 72.9 −140

Ecuador 33.1 −0.7 66.9 2.2 51.0 75.0 5 21 2.5 72.7 −350

El Salvador 35.7 −1.0 64.3 1.3 294.3 71.4 7 22 2.3 72.5 −280

French Guiana 23.7 3.0 76.3 3.6 2.6 75.9 4 14

Grenada 60.6 −0.3 39.4 1.0 303.7 75.3 6 15 2.3 54.0 −5

Guatemala 50.5 1.7 49.5 3.4 132.1 70.3 6 30 4.0 54.1 −200

Guyana 71.4 0.1 28.6 0.0 3.5 68.7 6 42 2.3 42.5 −40

Haiti 47.9 −1.3 52.1 5.6 360.1 61.0 9 63 3.4 32.0 −140

Honduras 48.4 0.8 51.6 3.3 67.8 72.1 5 28 3.2 65.0 −100

Jamaica 48.0 0.6 52.0 0.7 249.4 72.2 7 24 2.4 69.1 −100

Mexico 22.2 −0.3 77.8 1.5 57.9 76.2 5 17 2.1 72.9 −2430

Netherlands Antilles 7.0 −2.5 93.0 1.4 250.9 76.1 7 13 2.0 8

Nicaragua 42.7 0.7 57.3 1.8 44.5 73.0 5 21 2.7 72.4 −200

Panama 25.2 −1.3 74.8 3.1 46.6 75.5 5 18 2.5 58.2 11

Paraguay 38.5 0.4 61.5 3.0 15.9 71.7 6 32 3.0 79.4 −40

Peru 23.1 −0.3 76.9 1.8 22.6 73.2 5 21 2.5 73.2 −625

St. Kitts & Nevis 67.3 1.2 32.7 1.3 200.8 54.0

St. Lucia 71.8 1.0 28.2 1.1 323.3 73.9 6 13 2.0 47.0 −1

St. Vincent & Grenadines 50.5 −0.7 49.5 1.0 281.8 71.6 7 24 2.1 48.0 −5

Suriname 30.7 −0.2 69.3 1.9 3.2 69.7 7 22 2.4 45.6 −5

Trinidad & Tobago 86.2 0.0 13.8 2.9 261.5 69.4 8 27 1.6 42.5 −20

Uruguay 7.5 −1.2 92.5 0.3 19.2 76.4 9 13 2.0 78.0 −50

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 6.6 −2.4 93.4 2.1 31.8 73.7 5 17 2.5 76.8 40

OCEANIA 77.4 2.2 22.6 1.8 35.9 64.0 7 42 3.7 −64

Fiji 48.1 −0.2 51.9 1.4 47.1 68.8 7 18 2.7 43.1 −35

French Polynesia 48.5 1.7 51.5 1.2 67.7 74.5 5 8 2.2 0

New Caledonia 42.5 2.1 57.5 1.4 13.5 75.3 6 5 2.2 6

Papua New Guinea 87.5 2.6 12.5 2.0 14.8 61.5 8 50 4.0 32.4 0

Samoa 79.9 0.4 20.1 −0.8 64.7 71.5 5 22 3.9 42.6 −16

Solomon Islands 81.5 2.2 18.5 4.3 18.6 66.4 6 43 3.8 27.0 0

Tonga 76.9 0.5 23.1 0.4 160.1 71.8 6 22 3.9 23.9 −9

Vanuatu 74.4 2.1 25.6 4.4 19.7 70.0 5 29 3.9 38.4 0

DEVELOPED REGIONS 24.8 −0.6 75.2 0.7 120.5 77.4 10 6 1.7 13579

NORTH AMERICA 17.9 −0.6 82.1 1.4 29.6 78.2 8 7 2.0 6100

Bermuda 0.3 1225.3 1.8

Canada 19.4 0.4 80.6 1.1 3.4 80.5 7 5 1.6 74.0 1050

United States of America 17.7 −0.7 82.3 1.4 32.2 78.0 8 7 2.0 72.9 5050

ASIA & OCEANIA 28.4 −0.4 71.6 0.6 280.2 82.4 9 3 1.5 785

Australia 10.9 −0.5 89.1 1.4 2.9 81.4 7 5 1.9 70.8 500

Israel 8.2 1.3 91.8 1.9 335.0 80.7 6 4 3.0 68.0 85

Japan 33.2 −0.5 66.8 0.3 334.9 82.7 9 3 1.4 54.3 150

New Zealand 13.8 0.7 86.2 1.1 16.1 80.1 7 5 2.1 74.9 50

EUROPE 27.2 −0.6 72.8 0.4 128.2 75.9 11 7 1.6 6694

Albania 48.1 −1.6 51.9 2.5 111.5 76.4 6 18 1.9 69.3 −75

Belarus 25.3 −2.2 74.7 0.2 46.2 69.4 14 7 1.5 72.6 0

Bosnia & Herzegovina 51.4 −0.8 48.6 1.4 73.4 75.1 9 13 1.2 35.7 −10

Croatia 42.3 −0.7 57.7 0.2 77.9 76.0 12 6 1.5 69.0 10

European Union 26.1 −0.6 73.9 0.7 168.8 79.1 10 5 1.6 6560

Iceland 6.7 0.5 93.3 1.7 3.1 81.3 6 2 2.2 20

Macedonia, FYR 40.7 0.2 59.3 0.1 80.1 74.2 9 15 1.4 13.5 −10

Montenegro 38.6 −1.3 61.4 −0.1 45.7 74.0 10 9 1.6 39.4 −5

Norway 20.6 −0.7 79.4 1.2 12.7 80.5 9 3 2.0 88.4 135

Republic of Moldova 53.0 −1.8 47.0 −0.8 105.5 68.2 13 16 1.5 67.8 −172

Russian Federation 26.8 −0.4 73.2 −0.5 8.4 67.7 14 11 1.6 79.5 250

Serbia 43.9 −1.0 56.1 0.3 111.5 74.0 12 12 1.4 41.2 0

Switzerland 26.4 0.4 73.6 0.6 185.6 81.8 8 4 1.5 82.0 100

Ukraine 31.2 −1.2 68.8 −0.5 75.3 67.5 17 13 1.5 66.7 −80

41


TABLE 3: Land availabilityTotal landarea

Share of land area Arable land per person

agriculturalpermanentcrops

arable pasture

thousandha

% % % % ha growth %p.a.

2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 1970-2009

WORLD 13003468 37.6 1.2 10.6 25.8 0.2 −1.5

DEVELOPING REGIONS 8096847 43.5 1.6 10.4 31.5 0.2 −1.3

AFRICA 2964679 39.2 1.0 7.6 30.6 0.2 −1.8

North Africa 600439 17.6 0.9 3.8 12.9 0.1 −1.9

Algeria 238174 17.4 0.4 3.1 13.8 0.2 −1.9

Egypt 99545 3.7 0.8 2.9 0.0 −1.9

Libya 175954 8.8 0.2 1.0 7.7 0.3 −2.9

Morocco 44630 67.3 2.2 18.0 47.1 0.3 −1.5

Tunisia 15536 63.0 14.3 17.4 31.2 0.3 −2.2

Sub-Saharan Africa 2364240 44.7 1.0 8.5 35.1 0.2 −1.6

Angola 124670 46.8 0.2 3.2 43.3 0.2 −2.1

Benin 11062 29.8 2.7 22.1 5.0 0.3 −1.0

Botswana 56673 45.6 0.0 0.4 45.2 0.1 −3.8

Burkina Faso 27360 43.7 0.2 21.6 21.9 0.4 −0.1

Burundi 2568 83.7 13.6 35.0 35.0 0.1 −2.3

Cameroon 47271 19.8 3.0 12.6 4.2 0.3 −2.4

Cape Verde 403 21.8 0.7 14.9 6.2 0.1 −0.3

Central African Republic 62298 8.4 0.1 3.1 5.1 0.5 −1.9

Chad 125920 39.2 0.0 3.4 35.7 0.4 −1.8

Comoros 186 83.3 32.2 43.0 8.1 0.1 −2.6

Congo 34150 30.9 0.2 1.5 29.3 0.1 −2.8

Côte d’Ivoire 31800 63.8 13.5 8.8 41.5 0.1 −2.0

Congo, Dem. Rep. 226705 9.9 0.3 3.0 6.6 0.1 −2.8

Djibouti 2318 73.4 0.1 73.3 0.0 −2.5

Equatorial Guinea 2805 10.9 2.5 4.7 3.7 0.2 −2.0

Eritrea 10100 75.2 0.0 6.8 68.3 0.1

Ethiopia 100000 35.0 1.0 13.9 20.0 0.2

Gabon 25767 19.9 0.6 1.3 18.1 0.2 −1.1

Gambia 1000 66.5 0.5 40.0 26.0 0.2 −0.4

Ghana 22754 68.1 12.3 19.3 36.5 0.2 −0.1

Guinea 24572 58.0 2.8 11.6 43.5 0.3 −2.6

Guinea-Bissau 2812 58.0 8.9 10.7 38.4 0.2 −1.8

Kenya 56914 48.1 1.1 9.5 37.4 0.1 −2.1

Lesotho 3036 77.0 0.1 11.0 65.9 0.2 −2.1

Liberia 9632 27.1 2.2 4.2 20.8 0.1 −2.3

Madagascar 58154 70.2 1.0 5.1 64.1 0.1 −1.9

Malawi 9428 59.1 1.3 38.2 19.6 0.2 −1.2

Mali 122019 33.7 0.1 5.2 28.4 0.4 1.0

Mauritania 103070 38.5 0.0 0.4 38.1 0.1 −1.9

Mauritius 203 48.3 2.0 42.9 3.4 0.1 −1.5

Mozambique 78638 62.7 0.3 6.4 56.0 0.2 −0.7

Namibia 82329 47.1 0.0 1.0 46.2 0.4 −2.2

Niger 126670 34.6 0.0 11.8 22.7 1.0 −2.4

Nigeria 91077 81.8 3.3 37.3 41.2 0.2 −2.0

Rwanda 2467 81.1 11.3 52.7 17.0 0.1 −0.3

Senegal 19253 49.4 0.3 20.0 29.1 0.3 −2.2

Seychelles 46 6.5 4.3 2.2 0.0 −1.3

Sierra Leone 7162 47.7 1.8 15.1 30.7 0.2 0.5

Somalia 62734 70.2 0.0 1.6 68.5 0.1 −2.2

Sudan 237600 57.5 0.1 8.5 49.0 0.5 −1.3

South Africa 121447 81.7 0.8 11.8 69.1 0.3 −1.6

Swaziland 1720 71.0 0.9 10.2 60.0 0.1 −2.0

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 88580 40.1 1.7 11.3 27.1 0.2 −2.0

Togo 5439 62.1 3.3 40.4 18.4 0.4 −2.1

Uganda 19981 69.9 11.3 33.0 25.6 0.2 −1.7

Zambia 74339 31.5 0.0 4.5 26.9 0.3 −2.4

Zimbabwe 38685 42.4 0.3 10.8 31.3 0.3 −0.7

42

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&objectsyb=T_P1.RES.LDAQ_1

TABLE 3: Land availability (continued)Total landarea



arable pasture

thousandha


2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 1970-2009

ASIA 3054019 53.5 2.5 15.3 35.7 0.1 −1.4

Central Asia 392679 72.1 0.2 8.0 63.9 0.5

Kazakhstan 269970 77.2 0.0 8.7 68.5 1.5

Kyrgyzstan 19180 55.4 0.4 6.7 48.3 0.2

Tajikistan 13996 33.9 1.0 5.3 27.7 0.1

Turkmenistan 46993 69.4 0.1 3.9 65.3 0.4

Uzbekistan 42540 62.6 0.8 10.1 51.7 0.2

East Asia 1543949 49.8 3.4 11.9 34.5 0.1 −1.1

Brunei Darussalam 527 2.2 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.0 −4.6

Cambodia 17652 31.5 0.9 22.1 8.5 0.3 −0.8

China 932749 56.2 1.5 11.8 42.9 0.1 −1.0

Indonesia 181157 29.6 10.5 13.0 6.1 0.1 −1.1

Korea, DPR 12041 24.1 1.7 22.0 0.4 0.1 −0.8

Korea, Republic of 9710 19.1 2.1 16.4 0.6 0.0 −1.8

Lao, PDR 23080 10.2 0.5 5.9 3.8 0.2 −0.3

Malaysia 32855 24.0 17.6 5.5 0.9 0.1 −0.7

Mongolia 155356 74.5 0.0 0.6 73.9 0.4 −1.3

Myanmar 65352 19.0 1.7 16.9 0.5 0.2 −1.3

Philippines 29817 40.1 16.9 18.1 5.0 0.1 −2.0

Singapore 70 1.0 0.3 0.7 0.0 −7.3

Thailand 51089 38.7 7.2 29.9 1.6 0.2 −1.0

Viet Nam 31007 33.1 10.8 20.3 2.1 0.1 −1.4

South Asia 639977 48.3 2.6 33.5 12.2 0.1 −2.1

Afghanistan 65223 58.1 0.2 11.9 46.0 0.3 −2.4

Bangladesh 13017 70.3 7.5 58.1 4.6 0.1 −2.4

Bhutan 3839 13.2 0.7 2.0 10.6 0.1 −3.1

India 297319 60.5 3.9 53.1 3.5 0.1 −2.0

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 162855 29.8 1.1 10.6 18.1 0.2 −2.1

Maldives 30 26.7 10.0 13.3 3.3 0.0 −0.8

Nepal 14335 29.6 0.8 16.7 12.1 0.1 −1.8

Pakistan 77088 34.1 1.1 26.5 6.5 0.1 −2.5

Sri Lanka 6271 41.6 15.5 19.1 7.0 0.1 −0.3

West Asia 477413 57.0 1.2 8.0 47.8 0.2 −2.5

Armenia 2848 61.6 1.9 16.1 43.6 0.1

Azerbaijan 8262 57.6 2.7 22.7 32.1 0.2

Bahrain 76 10.3 3.3 1.7 5.3 0.0 −3.6

Cyprus 924 13.5 3.7 9.4 0.5 0.1 −1.8

Georgia 6949 36.1 1.7 6.4 27.9 0.1

Iraq 43432 20.1 0.6 10.4 9.2 0.1 −3.0

Jordan 8878 11.5 0.9 2.3 8.4 0.0 −4.1

Kuwait 1782 8.5 0.2 0.6 7.6 0.0 3.0

Lebanon 1023 67.3 14.0 14.2 39.1 0.0 −2.6


602 61.0 19.4 16.6 24.9 0.0 −3.2

Saudi Arabia 214969 80.7 0.1 1.5 79.1 0.1 −1.7

Syrian Arab Republic 18363 75.7 5.4 25.4 44.9 0.2 −3.4

Turkey 76963 50.6 3.8 27.7 19.0 0.3 −2.2

United Arab Emirates 8360 6.8 2.4 0.8 3.6 0.0 −3.0

Yemen 52797 44.4 0.5 2.2 41.7 0.1 −3.7


2024065 35.7 1.0 7.4 27.3 0.3 −1.0

Argentina 273669 51.3 0.4 11.3 39.6 0.8 −0.9

Bahamas 1001 1.4 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.0 −1.4

Barbados 43 44.2 2.3 37.2 4.7 0.1 −0.3

Belize 2281 6.7 1.4 3.1 2.2 0.2 −0.8

Bolivia (Plur. State) 108330 34.1 0.2 3.4 30.5 0.4 0.1

Brazil 845942 31.3 0.9 7.2 23.2 0.3 −0.4

Chile 74353 21.2 0.6 1.7 18.8 0.1 −4.2

Colombia 110950 38.3 1.4 1.6 35.3 0.0 −3.7

Costa Rica 5106 35.3 5.9 3.9 25.5 0.0 −3.2

43


TABLE 3: Land availability (continued)Total landarea



arable pasture

thousandha


2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 1970-2009

Cuba 10644 62.5 3.5 34.3 24.7 0.3 0.5

Dominica 75 32.7 22.0 8.0 2.7 0.1 −0.3

Dominican Republic 4832 51.1 9.7 16.6 24.8 0.1 −2.0

Ecuador 24836 30.3 5.4 4.8 20.1 0.1 −3.1

El Salvador 2072 74.5 11.1 32.7 30.7 0.1 −0.2

French Guiana 8220 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.4

Grenada 34 36.8 26.5 7.4 2.9 0.0 −2.0

Guatemala 10716 41.0 8.8 14.0 18.2 0.1 −1.6

Guyana 19685 8.5 0.1 2.1 6.2 0.6 0.3

Haiti 2756 66.8 10.9 38.1 17.8 0.1 −1.5

Honduras 11189 28.5 3.7 9.1 15.7 0.1 −3.2

Jamaica 1083 41.5 9.2 11.1 21.1 0.0 −1.4

Mexico 194395 52.9 1.4 12.9 38.6 0.2 −1.6

Netherlands Antilles 80 10.0 10.0 0.0 −0.6

Nicaragua 12034 42.8 1.9 15.8 25.1 0.3 −0.7

Panama 7434 30.0 2.0 7.4 20.6 0.2 −1.5

Paraguay 39730 52.6 0.3 9.6 42.8 0.6 1.6

Peru 128000 16.8 0.6 2.9 13.3 0.1 −1.1

St. Kitts & Nevis 26 21.2 0.8 15.4 5.0 0.1 −2.1

St. Lucia 61 18.0 11.5 4.9 1.6 0.0 −2.6

St. Vincent & Grenadines 39 25.6 7.7 12.8 5.1 0.0 −1.0

Suriname 15600 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.8

Trinidad & Tobago 513 10.5 4.3 4.9 1.4 0.0 −2.9

Uruguay 17502 84.6 0.2 10.7 73.7 0.6 0.3

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 88205 24.3 0.7 3.1 20.4 0.1 −2.6

OCEANIA 54085 4.3 2.1 1.0 1.3 0.1 −0.5

Fiji 1827 22.9 4.5 8.8 9.6 0.2 1.0

French Polynesia 366 12.2 6.0 0.7 5.5 0.0 −1.7

New Caledonia 1828 13.7 0.3 0.4 13.1 0.0 −2.2

Papua New Guinea 45286 2.5 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.0 −0.2

Samoa 283 23.7 13.8 8.8 1.1 0.1 −0.7

Solomon Islands 2799 3.0 2.1 0.6 0.3 0.0 −1.8

Tonga 72 43.1 15.3 22.2 5.6 0.2 −0.7

Vanuatu 1219 15.3 10.3 1.6 3.4 0.1 −1.8

DEVELOPED REGIONS 4905673 27.9 0.5 11.0 16.4 0.4 0.2

NORTH AMERICA 1865166 25.3 0.5 11.1 13.6 0.6 −1.3

Bermuda 5 14.8 14.8 0.0 −1.3

Canada 909351 7.4 0.8 5.0 1.7 1.3 −1.0

United States of America 914742 44.1 0.3 17.8 26.0 0.5 −1.4

ASIA & OCEANIA 833175 51.1 0.1 6.3 44.7 0.3 −0.6

Australia 768230 53.2 0.0 6.1 47.1 2.2 −1.1

Israel 2164 24.1 3.6 14.1 6.5 0.0 −2.5

Japan 36450 12.6 0.9 11.8 0.0 −1.0

New Zealand 26331 43.6 0.3 1.8 41.6 0.1 −5.6

EUROPE 2207347 21.4 0.7 12.6 8.1 0.4 −1.0

Albania 2740 44.0 3.2 22.3 18.4 0.2 −0.6

Belarus 20282 44.0 0.6 27.3 16.1 0.6

Bosnia & Herzegovina 5100 41.7 2.0 19.5 20.2 0.3

Croatia 5596 23.2 1.6 15.5 6.1 0.2

European Union 418174 45.1 2.9 26.0 16.2 0.2 −0.5

Iceland 10025 22.8 0.1 22.7 0.0 −1.1

Macedonia, FYR 2522 40.2 1.4 16.7 22.1 0.2

Montenegro 1345 38.2 1.2 12.9 24.2 0.3

Norway 30547 3.3 0.0 2.7 0.6 0.2 −0.5

Republic of Moldova 3289 75.2 9.2 55.2 10.8 0.5

Russian Federation 1637687 13.2 0.1 7.4 5.6 0.9

Serbia 8746 57.8 3.4 37.7 16.7 0.3

Switzerland 4000 38.1 0.6 10.2 27.4 0.1 −0.3

Ukraine 57932 71.2 1.6 56.1 13.6 0.7

44


TABLE 4: Water resources and irrigationWater resources Irrigation

irrigationpotential

total areaequippedfor

irrigation

% of equip.area

irrigatedby

groundwater

% of equip.area

actuallyirrigated

per capitam3/yr

per capitam3/yr

thousandha

thousandha

% %

1992 2009 2008* 2008* 2008* 2008*

WORLD 7878 6242 304398 38

DEVELOPING REGIONS

AFRICA

North Africa

Algeria 439 334 510 569 64 80

Egypt 971 719 4420 3422 10 100

Libya 133 96 40 470 99 67

Morocco 1129 917 1664 1485 46 98

Tunisia 539 443 560 394 59 100

Sub-Saharan Africa

Angola 13451 7976 3700 80 20 29

Benin 5166 3068 322 12 18 10

Botswana 8355 6176 13 1 46 100

Burkina Faso 1270 782 165 25 12 100

Burundi 2149 1535 215 21 0

Cameroon 22161 14889 290 26 4

Cape Verde 822 610 3 3 14 66

Central African Republic 46807 33441 1900 0 0 51

Chad 6731 3932 335 30 20 87

Comoros 2609 1676 0 0 4 65

Congo 330159 211114 340 2 0 11

Côte d’Ivoire 6063 4193 475 73 0 92

Congo, Dem. Rep. 32527 19983 7000 11 0 76

Djibouti 505 344 2 1 100 38

Equatorial Guinea 65000 38179 30

Eritrea 1236 188 22 24 62

Ethiopia 1503 2700 290 1

Gabon 165489 110961 440 4 0

Gambia 7737 4756 80 2 1 65

Ghana 3398 2233 1900 31 20 90

Guinea 34952 23153 520 95 0 100

Guinea-Bissau 29273 20889 281 23 22 100

Kenya 1226 778 539 103 1 94

Lesotho 1779 1406 13 3 2 3

Liberia 112950 60480 600 2 1

Madagascar 28142 16746 1517 1086 0 100

Malawi 1785 1197 162 56 0 96

Mali 11018 6707 566 236 0 75

Mauritania 5408 3375 250 45 11 51

Mauritius 2526 2129 33 21 25 98

Mozambique 15163 9497 3072 118 1 34

Namibia 11712 7904 47 8 22 100

Niger 4054 2248 270 74 2 89

Nigeria 2794 1853 2331 293 23 75

Rwanda 1472 921 165 9 1

Senegal 5047 3205 409 120 9 97

Seychelles 1 0 0 77

Sierra Leone 40201 27879 807 29 1

Somalia 2247 1612 240 200 5

Sudan 2315 1518 2784 1863 4 43

South Africa 1294 1005 1500 1498 9 100

Swaziland 4967 3861 93 50 2 90

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 3535 2212 2132 184 9

Togo 3845 2491 180 7 1 86

Uganda 3485 2039 90 9 1 64

Zambia 12718 8268 523 156 4 100

Zimbabwe 1817 1603 366 174 12 71

45


TABLE 4: Water resources and irrigation (continued)Water resources Irrigation

irrigationpotential


irrigation

% of equip.area

irrigatedby

groundwater

% of equip.area

actuallyirrigated

per capitam3/yr

per capitam3/yr

thousandha

thousandha

% %

1992 2009 2008* 2008* 2008* 2008*

ASIA

Central Asia

Kazakhstan 6670 6919 3768 3556 5 65

Kyrgyzstan 5156 4379 2247 1077 1 100

Tajikistan 2895 2356 755 719 9 100

Turkmenistan 6368 4964 2353 1744 3 100

Uzbekistan 2345 1858 4915 4223 6 100

East Asia

Brunei Darussalam 31835 21684 1 0 100

Cambodia 46649 34061 354 0 90

China 2362 2080 70000 62938 30 86

Indonesia 10598 8504 10886 6722 1

Korea, DPR 3708 3183 1460 14

Korea, Republic of 1594 1453 1782 880 6

Lao, PDR 75197 54565 600 310 0 87

Malaysia 30202 20752 414 363 8 100

Mongolia 15453 12832 518 84 43 75

Myanmar 28893 24537 10500 2110 5 100

Philippines 7408 5223 3126 1879 14 95

Singapore 188 121

Thailand 7533 6384 12245 6415 9 79

Viet Nam 12632 10174 9400 4585 1 100

South Asia

Afghanistan 4201 2126 3199 18

Bangladesh 11132 8345 6933 5050 74 88

Bhutan 173993 133053 28 0 100

India 2100 1582 139500 66334 64 94

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 2409 1880 15000 8132 62 100

Maldives 129 96 0 0 0

Nepal 10487 7142 2178 1168 20

Pakistan 2091 1448 21300 19990 31

Sri Lanka 2976 2555 570 570 1 84

West Asia

Armenia 2252 2518 666 274 19 64

Azerbaijan 4658 3825 3200 1426 7

Bahrain 223 99 4 4 90 100

Cyprus 974 716 37 46 58 68

Georgia 11846 14479 725 433 0 63

Iraq 4105 2461 5554 3525 6 55

Jordan 246 155 85 79 53

Kuwait 10 8 25 9 61 82

Lebanon 1438 1073 178 90 52


370 213 80 20 100

Saudi Arabia 140 90 1731 97 69

Syrian Arab Republic 1286 838 1439 68

Turkey 3813 2973 8500 4983 33 87

United Arab Emirates 74 22 227 100 82

Yemen 159 90 680 64


Argentina 24270 20319 6128 1550 22

Bahamas 75 59

Barbados 307 293 4 5 90

Belize 91832 60820 3 22

Bolivia (Plur. State) 89260 63696 2000 128 7 100

Brazil 53260 42604 29350 2878 19 100

Chile 67408 54376 2500 1900 3

Colombia 61802 46699 6589 900 5

Costa Rica 34853 24483 430 103 17 100

46


TABLE 4: Water resources and irrigation (continued)Water resources Irrigation

irrigationpotential


irrigation

% of equip.area

irrigatedby

groundwater

% of equip.area

actuallyirrigated

per capitam3/yr

per capitam3/yr

thousandha

thousandha

% %

1992 2009 2008* 2008* 2008* 2008*

Cuba 3554 3385 2700 870 45 85

Dominica

Dominican Republic 2805 2144 710 270 22 100

Ecuador 39571 29757 3136 863 12 71

El Salvador 4589 4096 200 45 7

French Guiana 1063492 595556 6 5

Grenada 0 0 0

Guatemala 11910 7931 2620 130 22 100

Guyana 332873 320053 150 0

Haiti 1890 1422 143 92 15 72

Honduras 18573 12877 500 73 8 75

Jamaica 3922 3443 188 25 90 100

Mexico 5224 4081 9766 6320 39 88

Netherlands Antilles

Nicaragua 45478 34431 700 61 70 83

Panama 58800 42750 187 35 4 81

Paraguay 75252 52980 67 10

Peru 84822 66504 6411 1196 28

St. Kitts & Nevis 585 462 0 50

St. Lucia 3 0

St. Vincent & Grenadines 1

Suriname 291169 234615 51 0 100

Trinidad & Tobago 3112 2874 30 4 10 85

Uruguay 44071 41406 1760 181 8 100

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 59753 43233 1700 570 2 54

OCEANIA

Fiji 38374 33509 3 10

French Polynesia

New Caledonia

Papua New Guinea 183337 119499 36 0

Samoa

Solomon Islands 136280 85305

Tonga

Vanuatu

DEVELOPED REGIONS

NORTH AMERICA

Bermuda

Canada 102233 86177 784 7

United States of America 11883 9974 24722 59 87

ASIA & OCEANIA

Australia 28068 22464 2545 23

Israel 370 245 225 49

Japan 3491 3398 3128 9 100

New Zealand 93349 75642 285 32

EUROPE

Albania 12764 13060 340 1

Belarus 5632 6019 131 15

Bosnia & Herzegovina 9540 9952 3 30

Croatia 22995 23917 3 37

European Union

Iceland 653846 537975

Macedonia, FYR 3309 3111 128 4

Montenegro 100

Norway 89127 79024 115 6 38

Republic of Moldova 2660 3233 1500 312 0

Russian Federation 30276 31510 29000 4346 20 79

Serbia 10

Switzerland 7850 7020 25 22

Ukraine 2703 3054 5500 731 0

47


TABLE 5: Labour force structureLabourforce

Employ-mentin

Share of employment in Agricultural employment by gender

agriculture agriculture services industry female male female male

millions millions % % % % % % %

2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2000* 2000* 2010* 2010*

WORLD 3176.4

DEVELOPING REGIONS

AFRICA

North Africa

Algeria 14.8 1.6 20.7 26.0 53.1 22.3 20.4

Egypt 26.5 7.1 31.6 23.0 45.3 39.4 27.4 43.3 28.3

Libya 2.3 0.2 19.7 30.0 50.2

Morocco 11.8 4.2 40.9 21.7 37.2 34.2 41.4 60.2 34.8

Tunisia 3.8 0.5 25.8 33.6 39.1

Sub-Saharan Africa

Angola 8.0 0.0 5.1 20.6 66.6

Benin 3.5 1.1 42.7 9.5 46.2

Botswana 1.0 0.2 29.9 15.2 54.9 17.0 21.9 24.3 35.1

Burkina Faso 7.4 84.8 3.1 12.2

Burundi 4.5 2.4 92.2 2.2 5.6

Cameroon 7.6 3.2 61.3 9.1 22.6 68.4 53.1

Cape Verde 0.2

Central African Republic 2.0

Chad 4.2 1.8 83.0 2.1 14.5 85.9 80.3

Comoros 0.3

Congo 1.7 0.4 35.4 20.6 42.2

Côte d’Ivoire 7.6

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Djibouti 0.4

Equatorial Guinea 0.3 0.1 76.3 4.8 17.6

Eritrea 2.2

Ethiopia 40.1 25.2 79.3 6.6 13.0 10.3 8.7

Gabon 0.7 0.1 24.2 11.8 64.0 60.8 25.6

Gambia 0.7 0.3 64.7 6.1 27.8 76.5 53.7

Ghana 10.9 57.2 13.6 29.1 50.3 59.8

Guinea 4.7 2.6 76.0 5.9 18.1 78.8 72.9

Guinea-Bissau 0.6

Kenya 18.7 7.7 61.1 6.7 32.2

Lesotho 1.0 0.4 72.3 9.3 18.3 64.9 78.2

Liberia 1.5 0.5 48.9 9.2 41.9

Madagascar 9.8 6.9 80.4 3.7 15.8 82.5 81.5

Malawi 6.0

Mali 4.1 3.0 66.0 5.6 28.3 29.9 49.8

Mauritania 1.4

Mauritius 0.6 0.0 8.7 28.2 63.1 10.6 12.9 7.6 9.9

Mozambique 10.9 6.4 80.5 3.4 16.1

Namibia 0.8 29.1 32.8 8.2 22.7

Niger 4.8 1.9 56.9 11.1 31.1

Nigeria 49.6 18.3 44.6 11.5 41.7

Rwanda 5.1 3.4 78.8 3.8 16.6

Senegal 5.2 1.1 33.7 14.8 36.1 33.0 34.1

Seychelles

Sierra Leone 2.2 1.3 68.5 6.5 25.0 71.1 66.0

Somalia 3.5

Sudan 13.2

South Africa 18.9 0.7 5.1 25.0 69.8 16.1 15.3 3.4 5.4

Swaziland 0.5

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 21.3 12.7 76.5 4.3 19.2 78.0 71.2

Togo 2.6 1.3 54.1 6.8 37.5

Uganda 14.1 7.2 65.6 6.0 28.4 75.7 61.8

Zambia 4.7 3.0 72.2 7.1 20.6 78.6 65.2 78.6 65.2

Zimbabwe 5.1 3.3 64.8 9.3 15.3 69.5 50.9

48

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&objectsyb=T_P1.RES.LAB_1

TABLE 5: Labour force structure (continued)Labourforce

Employ-mentin




2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2000* 2000* 2010* 2010*

ASIA

Central Asia

Kazakhstan 8.5 2.3 29.4 18.9 51.7 17.6 33.3 32.0 34.9

Kyrgyzstan 2.5 0.7 34.0 20.6 45.3 54.8 51.7 35.4 36.9

Tajikistan 2.8 1.4 55.5 17.9 26.2 75.1 41.8

Turkmenistan 2.4

Uzbekistan 12.6 3.4 38.5 19.4 35.2

East Asia

Brunei Darussalam 0.2 0.0 1.4 21.4 77.2 1.6 2.2 0.3 2.1

Cambodia 7.5 5.0 72.2 8.6 19.2 74.9 72.4 69.7 70.8

China 786.4 306.5 39.6 27.2 33.2

Indonesia 118.8 41.5 38.3 19.3 42.3 46.7 44.4 41.4 41.1

Korea, DPR 12.3

Korea, Republic of 24.7 1.6 6.6 17.0 76.4 12.2 9.5 8.3 6.7

Lao, PDR 3.1 1.8 85.4 3.5 11.1 89.3 81.2

Malaysia 12.0 1.5 13.5 27.0 59.5 14.0 20.7 10.0 17.5

Mongolia 1.4 0.4 40.0 14.9 45.0 46.5 50.6 34.8 40.6

Myanmar 26.0 11.5 62.7 12.0 25.1

Philippines 37.6 12.3 35.2 14.6 50.3 24.5 45.3 22.5 41.9

Singapore 2.6 0.0 1.1 21.8 77.1 0.4 1.2 0.5 1.6

Thailand 39.6 15.9 41.5 19.5 38.9 47.3 49.5 40.0 43.3

Viet Nam 46.9 24.4 51.7 20.2 28.2 66.3 64.2 60.0 55.9

South Asia

Afghanistan 10.6

Bangladesh 70.8 22.8 48.1 14.5 37.4 76.9 53.3 68.1 41.8

Bhutan 0.3 0.2 65.4 6.4 28.2 63.0 32.6

India 459.4 191.2 51.1 22.4 26.5

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 29.6 4.3 21.2 32.2 46.5 16.7 23.9 33.1 20.5

Maldives 0.2 0.0 11.5 24.3 60.0 5.4 17.9 7.1 14.0

Nepal 13.3 6.5 65.7 13.4 20.7 85.2 67.1 72.8 60.2

Pakistan 59.4 21.9 44.7 20.1 35.2 72.9 44.4 72.4 36.4

Sri Lanka 8.4 2.5 32.6 25.1 39.6 48.8 37.7 36.8 28.4

West Asia

Armenia 1.6 0.5 44.2 16.8 39.0 46.1 46.3

Azerbaijan 4.4 1.6 38.6 12.9 48.5 46.1 36.4 38.0 39.5

Bahrain 0.6 0.0 0.8 15.0 84.2 0.0 2.9 0.2 1.9

Cyprus 0.6 0.0 3.8 20.8 75.3 4.8 5.6 2.8 5.6

Georgia 2.3 0.9 53.4 10.4 36.2 57.5 47.0 56.6 50.5

Iraq 7.3 1.8 23.4 18.2 58.3 32.6 14.0

Jordan 1.8 2.0 18.7 79.2 3.6 5.1 2.0 3.8

Kuwait 1.3 0.0 2.7 20.6 76.0

Lebanon 1.4


Saudi Arabia 10.1 0.3 4.1 20.4 75.5 2.0 6.7 0.2 4.7

Syrian Arab Republic 6.3 0.8 14.9 32.2 52.8 61.7 26.2 49.1 22.6

Turkey 24.6 5.4 23.7 26.2 50.1 60.5 27.0 41.7 18.2

United Arab Emirates 4.5 0.1 4.2 24.3 71.2 0.1 9.0 0.1 5.6

Yemen 6.1 2.0 54.1 11.1 34.7 87.8 43.1


Argentina 19.5 0.1 1.2 23.1 75.2 0.2 1.0 0.3 1.2

Bahamas 0.2 0.0 2.9 16.0 80.8 0.9 6.7 0.2 4.2

Barbados 0.2 0.0 3.3 17.3 69.7 3.3 4.1 2.5 4.2

Belize 0.1 0.0 19.5 17.9 61.9 6.4 36.9 3.3 28.0

Bolivia (Plur. State) 4.5 1.7 36.1 19.7 44.2 35.3 37.9 36.2 42.3

Brazil 101.2 15.7 17.0 22.1 60.7 10.6 23.2 15.0 22.5

Chile 7.5 0.7 11.2 23.2 65.6 4.6 19.3 5.6 16.1

Colombia 19.0 3.1 17.9 20.0 62.0 6.4 26.7

Costa Rica 2.1 0.2 12.3 21.6 62.2 5.4 27.3 5.1 17.9

49


TABLE 5: Labour force structure (continued)Labourforce

Employ-mentin




2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2000* 2000* 2010* 2010*

Cuba 5.0 0.9 18.6 18.1 63.3 14.2 34.3 8.6 25.0

Dominica 0.0 21.0 19.8 58.8 16.1 34.3 8.3 29.4

Dominican Republic 4.4 0.5 14.5 21.9 59.8 2.6 22.7 2.1 21.0

Ecuador 6.2 1.8 28.7 18.8 52.5 4.4 11.1 4.3 11.0

El Salvador 2.5 0.5 20.9 20.7 58.4 3.8 33.9 4.8 29.3

French Guiana

Grenada 0.0 13.8 23.9 58.6 9.7 16.5

Guatemala 5.5 1.8 33.2 22.8 44.0 15.3 48.1 16.0 43.8

Guyana 0.3 0.1 21.4 24.5 50.5 16.3 33.5 7.2 27.2

Haiti 4.4 1.4 50.5 10.8 38.7 37.3 62.5

Honduras 2.8 1.0 34.6 22.2 43.2 8.9 49.8 13.1 51.3

Jamaica 1.2 0.2 20.2 16.6 63.2 9.2 28.8 8.3 25.6

Mexico 48.5 5.8 13.1 25.5 60.6 6.9 23.2 4.4 18.9

Netherlands Antilles 0.0 1.1 17.6 81.3 0.2 2.0 0.2 2.0

Nicaragua 2.3 0.6 29.5 20.2 49.8 8.4 41.7

Panama 1.6 0.3 17.9 19.1 63.0 1.7 24.7 3.4 21.3

Paraguay 3.0 0.7 26.5 18.9 54.5 19.8 37.7 23.5 33.3

Peru 13.4 0.0 0.8 24.4 74.8 3.9 8.9 5.7 12.3

St. Kitts & Nevis 0.0 0.2 48.9 42.1

St. Lucia 0.1 0.0 14.8 16.1 59.4 14.3 26.1 9.8 18.8

St. Vincent & Grenadines 0.1 0.0 15.4 19.6 60.6 13.9 30.6 7.6 20.2

Suriname 0.2 0.0 8.0 23.0 64.3 1.8 8.4 4.5 9.9

Trinidad & Tobago 0.7 0.0 3.8 32.2 63.8 2.9 9.8 1.7 6.1

Uruguay 1.7 0.2 11.0 21.7 67.2 4.8 15.6

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 13.2 1.0 8.5 23.0 68.3 1.5 15.1 1.8 13.1

OCEANIA

Fiji 0.4

French Polynesia 0.1 0.0 9.4 17.9 72.7 5.3 12.0

New Caledonia 0.1 0.0 2.7 22.4 43.0 4.1 9.2

Papua New Guinea 3.0 1.7 72.3 3.6 22.7

Samoa 0.1 0.0 39.9 19.7 38.7

Solomon Islands 0.1

Tonga 0.0 0.0 31.8 30.6 37.5 4.6 50.6

Vanuatu 0.1 0.1 60.5 7.0 31.1

DEVELOPED REGIONS

NORTH AMERICA

Bermuda 0.0 1.7 12.1 86.2 0.2 2.4 0.2 2.4

Canada 19.1 0.4 2.4 21.5 76.5 1.9 4.5 1.5 3.4

United States of America 159.4 2.2 1.6 16.7 81.2 1.4 3.5 0.7 2.0

ASIA & OCEANIA

Australia 11.6 0.4 3.3 21.1 75.5 3.5 6.1 2.4 4.3

Israel 3.1 0.0 1.7 20.4 77.1 0.9 3.2 0.6 2.5

Japan 65.7 2.3 3.7 25.3 69.7 5.5 4.7 4.3 4.2

New Zealand 2.3 0.1 6.6 20.9 72.5 5.8 11.0 5.0 9.0

EUROPE

Albania 1.5 44.1 19.9 36.0

Belarus 4.9 1.0 21.2 34.9 40.0 8.6 15.3

Bosnia & Herzegovina 2.0

Croatia 2.0 0.2 14.9 27.3 57.6 15.3 13.9 15.1 12.9

European Union 242.0 7.3 8.2 3.9 5.3

Iceland 0.2 0.0 5.5 17.9 75.2 4.4 11.7 2.5 8.8

Macedonia, FYR 0.9 0.1 19.7 31.3 49.1 17.3 18.9

Montenegro 0.0 8.6 19.2 72.1 1.0 2.0

Norway 2.6 0.1 2.5 19.7 77.6 2.3 6.0 1.3 4.1

Republic of Moldova 1.5 0.4 31.1 19.7 49.3 49.8 52.0 30.1 35.5

Russian Federation 75.8 6.5 9.7 27.9 62.3 11.7 17.1 6.9 11.0

Serbia 0.6 24.0 25.1 50.9 19.5 21.7

Switzerland 4.4 0.1 3.3 21.1 70.9 3.7 5.2 2.8 4.8

Ukraine 23.0 3.3 15.8 23.4 60.7

50


TABLE 6: EmploymentEmployment to population ratio Labour participation rate Children Unemployment

age 15+female

age 15+male

age 15+total

age 15+population

age 15+ economi-callyactive

female total

female male age 7-14

% % % % % % % %

2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010*

WORLD 48.6 72.5 60.4 51.8 6.6

DEVELOPING REGIONS

AFRICA

North Africa

Algeria 32.1 66.6 49.4 37.2 79.6 10.1 11.3

Egypt 19.3 67.2 43.2 22.4 75.3 7.9 22.9 9.4

Libya 23.5 71.9 48.6 24.7 78.9

Morocco 22.0 71.9 46.1 26.2 80.1 13.2 10.5 10.0

Tunisia 21.2 60.9 41.0 25.6 70.6 17.3 14.2

Sub-Saharan Africa

Angola 70.3 82.8 76.4 74.5 88.4 30.1

Benin 58.2 85.0 71.6 67.4 77.9 74.4 0.4 0.7

Botswana 38.5 53.6 46.0 72.3 80.9 19.9 17.6

Burkina Faso 76.7 87.3 81.9 78.2 90.8 42.1 2.6 2.4

Burundi 84.1 84.3 84.2 91.0 87.5 11.7 0.3 0.5

Cameroon 49.4 69.0 59.1 53.5 80.7 43.4 3.3 2.9

Cape Verde 43.9 69.4 55.7 53.5 81.3 22.6 23.0

Central African Republic 63.8 81.9 72.6 71.6 86.7 67.0

Chad 67.1 72.3 69.7 62.7 78.2 60.4 0.3 0.7

Comoros 60.3 78.5 69.4 73.7 85.4 16.9 20.0

Congo 52.6 76.8 64.6 62.9 82.6 30.1

Côte d’Ivoire 38.3 81.2 60.4 50.8 82.1 45.7 4.1

Congo, Dem. Rep. 50.8 83.3 66.7 56.5 39.8

Djibouti 61.5 78.7 68.6 59.5

Equatorial Guinea 40.3 85.8 62.6 39.7 92.0 18.5 24.2

Eritrea 52.2 80.1 65.6 62.5 83.4 6.3 14.5

Ethiopia 73.1 88.3 80.6 80.7 90.3 56.0 29.9 20.5

Gabon 52.1 64.4 58.2 70.0 81.1 16.1 17.8

Gambia 66.5 78.0 72.1 70.6 85.2 43.5

Ghana 64.2 66.1 65.2 73.8 75.2 48.9 10.7 10.4

Guinea 77.1 85.3 81.2 79.2 89.2 48.3 1.7 3.1

Guinea-Bissau 50.1 84.5 66.9 59.6 83.8 50.5

Kenya 67.3 78.7 73.0 76.4 88.1 37.7 9.8

Lesotho 47.9 61.6 54.1 70.8 77.7 2.6 33.1 27.3

Liberia 53.0 79.4 65.9 66.6 75.8 37.4 4.2 5.5

Madagascar 79.8 86.9 83.3 84.2 88.7 26.0 3.5 2.6

Malawi 69.3 75.1 72.1 75.0 78.8 40.3 10.0 7.8

Mali 34.9 59.9 47.0 37.6 67.0 23.0 10.9 8.8

Mauritania 42.4 51.9 47.2 59.0 81.0 41.2 33.0

Mauritius 36.1 72.2 53.8 40.8 74.8 12.3 7.3

Mozambique 83.0 72.3 77.9 84.8 86.9 1.8 1.3 2.2

Namibia 37.7 48.5 42.9 51.8 15.4 43.0 37.6

Niger 37.8 82.6 59.8 38.9 87.5 47.1 0.9 1.5

Nigeria 37.4 66.5 51.8 39.2 73.4 4.4 3.9

Rwanda 81.1 79.5 80.3 86.7 85.1 7.5 0.4 0.6

Senegal 56.3 76.1 66.0 64.8 88.6 18.5 13.6 10.0

Seychelles 4.8 5.5

Sierra Leone 65.4 64.2 64.8 65.4 67.5 14.9 2.3 3.4

Somalia 51.2 82.4 66.5 56.5 84.7 43.5

Sudan 28.1 66.5 47.3 30.8 73.9 19.1

South Africa 34.6 48.1 41.1 47.0 63.4 27.7 25.9 23.8

Swaziland 46.4 54.8 50.4 53.1 74.9 11.2 26.0 22.5

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 75.8 80.3 78.0 86.3 90.6 31.1 5.8 4.3

Togo 48.7 81.1 64.6 63.6 85.7 38.7

Uganda 78.1 87.8 83.0 78.3 90.6 38.2 3.9 3.2

Zambia 53.9 68.7 61.2 59.5 79.2 34.4 11.3 12.9

Zimbabwe 57.4 73.3 64.9 60.0 74.3 14.3 4.1 4.2

51


TABLE 6: Employment (continued)Employment to population ratio Labour participation rate Children Unemployment

age 15+female

age 15+male

age 15+total

age 15+population


female total


% % % % % % % %

2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010*

ASIA

Central Asia

Kazakhstan 57.7 70.3 63.5 65.7 76.3 3.6 7.5 6.6

Kyrgyzstan 47.9 69.4 58.3 54.8 79.1 5.2 9.4 8.2

Tajikistan 50.7 60.4 55.4 57.0 77.7 8.9

Turkmenistan 53.7 63.2 58.3 62.4 74.0

Uzbekistan 52.5 62.7 57.5 58.4 71.0 5.1

East Asia

Brunei Darussalam 55.4 70.7 63.3 59.7 74.8 6.7 4.7

Cambodia 69.1 80.6 74.6 73.6 85.6 48.9 2.0 1.7

China 67.4 79.7 4.3

Indonesia 44.0 80.0 61.8 52.0 86.0 8.9 8.5 7.9

Korea, DPR 55.8 72.6 63.9 55.1 77.5

Korea, Republic of 47.3 69.5 58.1 50.1 72.0 3.0 3.6

Lao, PDR 77.3 78.2 77.7 77.7 78.9 1.4 1.4

Malaysia 43.2 77.4 60.5 44.4 79.2 3.7 3.7

Mongolia 50.6 52.7 51.6 67.8 78.2 10.1 3.6 3.3

Myanmar 66.5 83.0 74.4 63.1 85.1 8.8 6.0

Philippines 46.0 74.2 60.1 49.2 78.5 13.3 7.4 7.5

Singapore 50.9 72.4 61.6 53.7 75.6 6.5 5.9

Thailand 64.5 78.8 71.5 65.5 80.7 15.1 1.1 1.2

Viet Nam 65.3 73.8 69.4 68.0 76.0 21.3 2.4 2.4

South Asia

Afghanistan 25.1 83.0 55.2 33.1 84.5 9.4 8.5

Bangladesh 53.9 81.6 67.9 58.7 82.5 16.2 7.0 4.2

Bhutan 42.6 77.0 61.1 53.4 70.6 3.3 3.7

India 32.4 77.4 55.6 32.8 81.1 4.2 5.1 4.4

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 28.0 69.1 48.9 31.9 73.0 16.8 10.5

Maldives 42.9 71.4 57.3 57.1 77.0 23.8 14.4

Nepal 54.7 68.7 61.5 63.3 80.3 47.2 10.7 8.8

Pakistan 19.8 81.3 51.5 21.7 84.9 8.7 5.0

Sri Lanka 39.1 71.2 54.7 34.2 75.1 17.0 8.1 7.6

West Asia

Armenia 32.1 45.6 38.1 59.6 74.6 35.0 28.6

Azerbaijan 55.9 64.5 60.0 59.5 66.8 5.2 5.0 6.0

Bahrain 31.6 80.8 61.0 32.4 85.0 10.5 5.5

Cyprus 49.7 66.1 57.5 54.3 70.8 5.5 5.2

Georgia 47.2 62.7 54.3 55.1 73.8 31.8 16.1 16.5

Iraq 12.5 61.9 37.1 13.8 68.9 14.7 22.5 17.5

Jordan 13.3 61.2 37.9 23.3 73.9 24.1 12.9

Kuwait 41.8 79.5 65.3 45.4 82.5 1.8 1.9

Lebanon 22.6 70.9 45.9 22.3 71.5 10.1 9.0


Saudi Arabia 18.0 75.6 47.2 17.4 79.8 15.9 5.4

Syrian Arab Republic 16.9 72.5 44.8 21.1 79.5 6.6 25.7 8.4

Turkey 21.7 63.0 42.3 24.0 69.6 2.6 14.3 14.0

United Arab Emirates 38.0 91.3 75.9 41.9 92.1 12.0 4.0

Yemen 20.4 57.5 39.0 19.9 18.3 40.9 15.0


Argentina 43.9 70.3 56.5 52.4 78.4 12.9 9.8 8.7

Bahamas 59.4 71.9 65.4 68.3 78.7 14.0 14.2

Barbados 57.1 72.6 64.4 65.8 78.0 9.4 8.1

Belize 38.8 74.8 56.9 47.4 80.6 13.0 8.2

Bolivia (Plur. State) 62.2 79.5 70.7 62.1 82.0 32.1 6.0 5.2

Brazil 52.8 75.8 63.9 60.1 81.9 5.2 11.0 8.3

Chile 34.9 65.2 49.6 41.8 73.4 4.1 10.7 9.7

Colombia 53.5 71.2 62.0 40.7 77.6 3.9 15.8 12.0

Costa Rica 39.1 74.9 57.2 45.1 79.9 5.7 6.2 4.9

52


TABLE 6: Employment (continued)Employment to population ratio Labour participation rate Children Unemployment

age 15+female

age 15+male

age 15+total

age 15+population


female total


% % % % % % % %

2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010* 2010*

Cuba 42.7 66.2 54.4 40.9 66.9 2.0 1.6

Dominica 9.5 11.0

Dominican Republic 41.8 64.8 53.3 50.5 79.8 5.8 22.8 14.2

Ecuador 46.7 74.5 60.5 47.1 77.7 14.3 8.4 6.5

El Salvador 42.6 68.4 54.3 45.9 76.7 7.1 3.6 5.9

French Guiana

Grenada 10.9 10.2

Guatemala 44.1 82.8 62.4 48.1 87.9 18.2 2.4 1.8

Guyana 41.5 73.4 57.8 44.7 81.2 15.3 11.8

Haiti 35.0 77.2 55.4 57.5 82.9 33.4 8.3 7.2

Honduras 34.4 78.8 56.3 40.1 80.2 8.7 2.9 2.9

Jamaica 45.1 68.4 56.2 56.1 74.0 9.8 14.8 11.4

Mexico 39.1 76.2 57.1 43.2 80.6 12.2 4.8 5.2

Netherlands Antilles 45.3 59.3 51.6 57.0 12.5 10.3

Nicaragua 36.0 82.0 58.3 47.1 78.4 10.1 5.1 5.0

Panama 42.6 74.7 58.7 48.4 80.7 8.9 7.9 5.8

Paraguay 65.1 80.5 72.8 57.0 86.6 15.3 7.5 5.6

Peru 60.5 77.1 68.8 58.2 76.0 42.2 8.3 6.8

St. Kitts & Nevis 5.9 5.1

St. Lucia 51.0 75.8 25.0 21.0

St. Vincent & Grenadines 56.0 78.8 21.4 20.2

Suriname 32.4 60.8 46.5 38.5 66.0 13.7 9.5

Trinidad & Tobago 49.3 73.1 60.7 55.1 78.1 3.9 6.2 5.2

Uruguay 45.1 69.3 56.4 53.8 75.5 9.7 7.3

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 47.2 75.6 61.3 51.7 80.3 5.1 8.1 7.6

OCEANIA

Fiji 36.6 75.7 56.3 38.7 78.4 12.9 8.6

French Polynesia 48.0 66.1 13.4 11.7

New Caledonia 44.1 69.9 22.2 18.6

Papua New Guinea 68.5 72.0 70.2 71.6 74.2 1.3 7.7

Samoa 37.9 75.4 6.2 5.0

Solomon Islands 50.9 77.3 64.5 24.2 50.0 33.7 31.9

Tonga 54.6 74.7 7.4 1.1

Vanuatu 79.3 88.3

DEVELOPED REGIONS

NORTH AMERICA

Bermuda 2.3 2.7

Canada 56.4 66.4 61.2 62.7 73.0 7.0 8.3

United States of America 52.9 66.0 59.2 58.4 71.9 8.1 9.3

ASIA & OCEANIA

Australia 52.7 66.5 59.4 58.4 72.2 5.4 5.6

Israel 45.4 55.8 50.4 51.9 62.5 7.7 7.6

Japan 43.2 66.4 54.2 47.9 71.8 4.7 5.0

New Zealand 56.0 69.9 62.7 61.8 75.7 6.1 6.1

EUROPE

Albania 34.4 59.0 46.2 49.3 70.4 22.0 28.4 12.7

Belarus 47.0 58.8 52.3 54.8 66.5 11.7

Bosnia & Herzegovina 35.7 48.0 41.5 54.9 68.3 10.6 27.1 23.9

Croatia 38.1 54.8 43.3 46.3 60.3 10.2 9.1

European Union 43.1 58.5 50.4 49.7 8.8 8.9

Iceland 66.5 75.8 71.2 71.7 83.1 5.7 7.2

Macedonia, FYR 26.5 43.3 34.8 42.9 65.2 11.8 33.0 32.2

Montenegro 35.5 30.3

Norway 57.7 67.1 62.3 63.0 71.0 2.6 3.1

Republic of Moldova 43.7 45.8 44.7 46.5 53.1 33.5 4.9 6.4

Russian Federation 51.3 63.5 56.7 57.5 69.2 7.9 8.2

Serbia 44.4 6.9 18.4 16.6

Switzerland 53.6 69.4 61.2 60.6 73.7 4.5 4.1

Ukraine 48.3 60.0 53.5 52.0 65.4 17.3 6.1 8.8

53


TABLE 7: Capital and investment in agriculture: totalAgricultural capital stock

change growth

Constant 2005 Constant 2005 Constant 2005 Constant 2005

US$million

US$million

US$million

US$million

% of GDP % p.a. % p.a.

1980 1990 2000 2007 2006 - 2007 1990-09 2000-07

WORLD 3740211 4166338 4889201 5077178 0.0 1.7 0.5

DEVELOPING REGIONS 1995041 2347083 2814936 3061589 0.2 1.9 1.2

AFRICA 321495 367513 461851 519668 0.7 2.5 1.7

North Africa 69452 80046 91659 97509 0.1 1.3 0.9

Algeria 9154 11782 12997 14080 0.1 1.1 1.1

Egypt 22483 25714 32377 35991 0.3 2.6 1.5

Libya 4612 7005 6944 7308 0.1 0.1 0.7

Morocco 22984 23654 25436 25486 −0.1 0.1 0.0

Tunisia 6813 7932 9429 9962 0.3 1.8 0.8

Sub-Saharan Africa 252043 287467 370192 422159 1.0 2.8 1.9

Angola 4171 4290 5055 5351 0.1 1.5 0.8

Benin 2838 3001 3295 3629 0.8 1.1 1.4

Botswana 1972 2259 2405 2230 0.3 0.5 −1.1

Burkina Faso 3294 5103 7451 9931 6.0 3.8 4.2

Burundi 1123 1132 1000 1421 10.1 −1.5 5.1

Cameroon 4600 5570 6260 6413 0.0 0.7 0.3

Cape Verde 1435 1794 1815 1888 0.8 0.2 0.6

Central African Republic 1220 1639 2108 2409 1.8 2.6 1.9

Chad 4261 4299 5585 6912 5.0 2.7 3.1

Comoros 164 201 275 301 0.0 3.4 1.3

Congo 1882 2270 1742 1728 0.0 −2.9 −0.1

Côte d’Ivoire 1546 1983 2323 2261 −1.1 1.6 −0.4

Congo, Dem. Rep. 3604 4316 4095 4072 0.1 −0.5 −0.1

Djibouti 4176 6299 6891 7589 0.1 1.0 1.4

Equatorial Guinea 129 132 135 136 0.0 0.2 0.1

Eritrea 3449 3285 1.4 −0.7

Ethiopia 31594 47083 14.2 5.9

Gabon 2420 2430 2724 3131 2.0 1.3 2.0

Gambia 359 385 421 497 1.1 0.9 2.4

Ghana 2266 2950 3687 4323 0.9 2.3 2.3

Guinea 2699 2645 4526 6411 6.6 5.4 5.1

Guinea-Bissau 2497 2766 3253 3484 5.2 1.7 1.0

Kenya 11819 16468 15134 17304 1.7 −0.2 1.9

Lesotho 1948 2098 2428 2534 5.0 1.7 0.6

Liberia 278 294 313 345 1.8 0.6 1.4

Madagascar 9993 10104 10095 9807 0.5 0.1 −0.4

Malawi 5484 7785 8663 9243 7.2 1.0 0.9

Mali 6650 6114 8045 10650 8.2 2.7 4.1

Mauritania 2693 3156 5190 5576 1.1 4.9 1.0

Mauritius 436 455 432 431 0.1 −0.6 −0.0

Mozambique 2342 2865 3630 4056 3.3 2.6 1.6

Namibia 3588 3584 3862 3945 0.8 0.2 0.3

Niger 8342 7142 10154 12606 9.4 3.6 3.1

Nigeria 25591 33091 42132 50899 0.5 2.4 2.7

Rwanda 1090 1153 1248 1813 0.8 0.9 5.5

Senegal 6697 7994 9296 9963 0.9 1.4 1.0

Seychelles 564 858 978 1108 0.2 0.9 1.8

Sierra Leone 651 852 971 1725 0.1 1.4 8.6

Somalia 10525 11701 11363 11413 −0.5 0.1

Sudan 16975 19516 34773 38968 0.4 6.3 1.6

South Africa 42867 42810 43349 42667 0.1 0.2 −0.2

Swaziland 8900 9450 9713 9801 −0.2 0.3 0.1

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 12571 14019 16720 17905 0.5 2.1 1.0

Togo 2382 3021 3358 3778 2.7 0.8 1.7

Uganda 3597 4664 5704 7010 1.6 2.0 3.0

Zambia 3577 4669 4518 4997 0.4 0.4 1.4

Zimbabwe 7689 9529 9037 8789 0.5 −0.1 −0.4

54

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&objectsyb=T_P1.RES.CAP_1

TABLE 7: Capital and investment in agriculture: total (continued)Agricultural capital stock

change growth


US$million

US$million

US$million

US$million


1980 1990 2000 2007 2006 - 2007 1990-09 2000-07

ASIA 1051243 1299492 1634679 1777559 0.2 2.4 1.2

Central Asia 95066 103149 0.1 1.2

Kazakhstan 43093 46002 0.3 0.9

Kyrgyzstan 6260 6216 1.1 −0.1

Tajikistan 5700 6295 2.5 1.4

Turkmenistan 16496 18639 −0.8 1.8

Uzbekistan 23517 25997 0.3 1.4

East Asia 470423 587118 699660 761139 0.1 1.7 1.2

Brunei Darussalam 19 16 37 55 0.0 8.0 5.8

Cambodia 1610 3595 4150 4600 −0.4 1.4 1.5

China 244926 296964 350665 366322 −0.0 1.5 0.6

Indonesia 83923 98265 112546 128256 0.5 1.5 1.9

Korea, DPR 28025 40331 44071 50181 0.9 1.9

Korea, Republic of 4892 7973 12936 15043 0.0 5.5 2.2

Lao, PDR 7675 8662 10520 12681 2.6 1.6 2.7

Malaysia 3320 4489 5029 5475 0.1 1.2 1.2

Mongolia 15165 18385 22337 22683 30.3 2.1 0.2

Myanmar 11395 12279 14588 17097 2.8 1.5 2.3

Philippines 10338 10879 12784 14941 0.4 1.7 2.3

Singapore

Thailand 25254 27415 26173 28224 0.2 −0.1 1.1

Viet Nam 23788 34322 49400 54915 0.8 3.9 1.5

South Asia 440534 528054 613677 674902 0.7 1.4 1.4

Afghanistan 26818 27213 30437 30398 −2.7 1.5 −0.0

Bangladesh 42025 48478 52044 58888 1.6 0.7 1.8

Bhutan 3116 4237 5447 7197 20.7 2.7 4.1

India 174930 198450 216355 238479 0.5 0.8 1.4

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 46136 67143 74309 82642 0.4 1.0 1.5

Maldives 16145 20257 28024 34024 75.3 3.6 2.8

Nepal 7275 9579 12529 14586 2.9 2.7 2.2

Pakistan 40970 51886 62547 75581 1.2 1.9 2.7

Sri Lanka 83119 100811 131985 133107 1.4 2.2 0.1

West Asia 140286 184320 226276 238369 0.1 2.1 0.7

Armenia 2656 2879 0.5 1.2

Azerbaijan 12418 12984 1.4 0.6

Bahrain 24 40 57 57 0.0 4.4 0.0

Cyprus 814 954 1091 1141 −0.0 1.3 0.6

Georgia 6056 5410 0.5 −1.6

Iraq 18143 30847 30642 31127 0.5 −0.1 0.2

Jordan 793 1155 1387 1491 −0.1 1.6 1.0

Kuwait 130 129 235 307 −0.0 6.2 3.9

Lebanon 2487 2600 2748 2774 −0.0 0.4 0.1


363 421 640 675 4.2 0.8

Saudi Arabia 9053 21277 23126 23239 −0.0 0.9 0.1

Syrian Arab Republic 10919 14167 21163 25030 0.5 4.4 2.4

Turkey 94817 108747 117001 123247 0.1 0.5 0.7

United Arab Emirates 769 1031 3309 3670 −0.0 13.6 1.5

Yemen 2060 2854 3365 3980 0.5 1.6 2.4


583788 637968 669899 712608 0.1 0.5 0.9

Argentina 70660 71492 69746 73735 0.2 −0.2 0.8

Bahamas 29 23 27 29 0.0 1.8 1.0

Barbados 93 125 107 84 0.0 −1.1 −3.4

Belize 1591 1150 1460 1702 2.8 2.5 2.2

Bolivia (Plur. State) 8207 8732 8909 10446 1.5 0.0 2.3

Brazil 137989 163965 182098 203683 −0.1 1.0 1.6

Chile 17883 18619 21986 21946 −0.2 1.9 −0.0

Colombia 88645 93703 96805 101641 1.2 0.3 0.7

Costa Rica 2088 2825 2548 2608 0.2 −1.5 0.3

55


TABLE 7: Capital and investment in agriculture: total (continued)Agricultural capital stock

change growth


US$million

US$million

US$million

US$million


1980 1990 2000 2007 2006 - 2007 1990-09 2000-07

Cuba 27790 26991 24344 23251 −0.6 −0.7

Dominica 51 69 73 81 0.0 0.3 1.5

Dominican Republic 7401 8780 9036 10266 1.9 0.5 1.8

Ecuador 14057 18501 19139 18362 −1.3 0.8 −0.6

El Salvador 2517 2586 2575 2768 0.2 −0.0 1.0

French Guiana 20 43 42 40 −0.8 −0.7

Grenada 40 33 32 36 0.0 −0.3 1.7

Guatemala 5258 5638 6706 9165 2.2 1.6 4.6

Guyana 973 1001 1027 1023 0.6 0.4 −0.1

Haiti 3918 3666 4786 4860 1.6 2.3 0.2

Honduras 3600 4157 3661 4265 0.2 −0.8 2.2

Jamaica 1736 2044 2144 2241 −0.1 0.5 0.6

Mexico 98776 110154 116094 117184 0.1 0.5 0.1

Netherlands Antilles 13 10 10 10 −1.2 0.0

Nicaragua 4231 4206 5738 5994 −0.4 3.2 0.6

Panama 2966 3075 3206 3525 −0.1 0.5 1.4

Paraguay 4676 6599 7536 8318 1.8 1.4 1.4

Peru 19148 19548 22070 23349 0.2 1.2 0.8

St. Kitts & Nevis 42 25 21 16 0.0 −1.4 −3.8

St. Lucia 53 64 66 55 −0.2 0.5 −2.6

St. Vincent & Grenadines 32 34 28 27 0.0 −1.4 −0.5

Suriname 566 711 749 661 0.2 0.6 −1.8

Trinidad & Tobago 427 358 294 310 0.0 −1.9 0.8

Uruguay 24426 21435 22124 24971 −1.3 0.5 1.7

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 20829 25564 27528 28954 0.0 0.7 0.7

OCEANIA 38515 42110 48507 51754 6.0 1.5 0.9

Fiji 32274 34707 39940 42988 19.4 1.5 1.1

French Polynesia 799 886 966 960 0.9 −0.1

New Caledonia 536 595 595 624 0.0 0.7

Papua New Guinea 609 661 907 1043 0.0 3.6 2.0

Samoa 2742 3094 3475 3386 0.2 1.1 −0.4

Solomon Islands 183 124 127 138 0.2 0.3 1.2

Tonga 240 265 282 301 1.2 0.7 0.9

Vanuatu 126 141 141 161 2.1 1.1 1.9

DEVELOPED REGIONS 1745170 1819255 2074265 2015589 −0.0 1.6 −0.4

NORTH AMERICA 671068 649751 660355 673244 0.0 0.2 0.3

Bermuda

Canada 88391 91793 91089 94170 −0.0 −0.0 0.5

United States of America 582672 557953 569261 579069 0.0 0.2 0.2

ASIA & OCEANIA 411261 477868 446450 435964 −0.1 −0.5 −0.3

Australia 112505 111469 115218 111963 −0.4 0.0 −0.4

Israel 2297 2355 2357 2377 0.0 −0.1 0.1

Japan 236526 307544 274751 265379 −0.0 −0.8 −0.5

New Zealand 59933 56500 54124 56245 0.4 −0.4 0.6

EUROPE 662841 691636 967460 906381 −0.0 3.9 −0.9

Albania 5072 5743 5018 5033 −0.6 −1.5 0.0

Belarus 16773 14322 −0.3 −2.2

Bosnia & Herzegovina 1891 1931 −0.4 0.3

Croatia 1713 2015 −0.1 2.3

European Union 640569 667926 660631 642666 −0.0 −0.2 −0.4

Iceland 1006 954 809 935 0.1 −1.6 2.1

Macedonia, FYR 1297 1447 −0.4 1.6

Montenegro

Norway 8226 9076 8467 8269 −0.0 −0.6 −0.3

Republic of Moldova 5392 4705 −0.4 −1.9

Russian Federation 185688 161586 −0.0 −2.0

Serbia

Switzerland 8769 8877 8112 7982 0.0 −0.9 −0.2

Ukraine 64497 56618 −0.3 −1.8

56


TABLE 8: Capital and investment in agriculture: componentsShare of components in capital stock

land livestock machinery&

equipment

development plantation fixed assets inventories structure

% % % % % %

2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007

WORLD 31.7 4.0 36.3 6.4 5.5 19.3

DEVELOPING REGIONS 35.5 3.8 40.2 7.1 5.4 14.7

AFRICA 31.4 3.2 45.9 8.1 6.0 4.4

North Africa 59.1 5.6 20.3 3.6 1.7 6.4

Algeria 42.5 6.8 29.7 5.2 1.4 14.3

Egypt 73.8 2.2 15.4 2.7 2.3 3.6

Libya 65.3 5.5 15.9 2.8 0.5 10.0

Morocco 63.2 4.8 23.4 4.1 1.2 3.3

Tunisia 41.0 25.2 19.8 3.5 0.9 9.5

Sub-Saharan Africa 25.0 2.8 50.8 9.0 6.8 4.0

Angola 26.3 0.0 52.9 9.3 7.1 4.3

Benin 43.7 9.2 34.8 6.1 4.7 1.4

Botswana 5.5 15.7 55.1 9.7 10.1 3.8

Burkina Faso 10.0 0.0 67.1 11.8 8.6 2.4

Burundi 19.8 3.1 55.4 9.8 3.8 8.0

Cameroon 26.7 6.3 47.9 8.5 8.7 1.9

Cape Verde 11.7 79.6 7.0 1.2 0.2 0.1


Chad 17.1 1.2 59.1 10.4 10.7 1.3

Comoros 72.4 11.3 9.6 1.7 1.7 2.3

Congo 16.0 64.1 14.7 2.5 0.7 1.8

Côte d’Ivoire 37.2 2.6 39.5 6.9 5.4 8.2

Congo, Dem. Rep. 44.8 1.4 33.9 6.0 2.4 11.4

Djibouti 8.4 86.7 3.7 0.6 0.4 0.1

Equatorial Guinea 83.8 0.0 8.8 1.5 0.0 4.4

Eritrea 10.7 5.0 65.5 11.5 5.7 1.6

Ethiopia 4.3 0.0 71.8 12.7 9.2 2.0

Gabon 59.2 35.9 3.2 0.5 0.1 0.9

Gambia 17.9 24.5 38.6 6.6 8.0 3.6

Ghana 23.5 0.1 57.3 10.1 3.7 5.3

Guinea 7.0 26.4 50.0 8.8 5.8 1.9

Guinea-Bissau 35.8 40.4 18.6 3.3 1.5 0.4

Kenya 12.5 2.1 63.2 11.1 7.4 3.6

Lesotho 35.8 27.3 27.6 4.9 2.9 1.5

Liberia 42.9 1.4 38.0 6.7 1.4 9.0

Madagascar 9.3 2.6 65.5 11.6 8.5 2.6

Malawi 73.5 6.4 14.5 2.6 1.1 2.0

Mali 17.9 1.2 61.1 10.8 7.7 1.4

Mauritania 27.3 2.5 55.1 9.7 4.9 0.5

Mauritius 74.0 2.8 15.5 2.6 0.5 3.9

Mozambique 30.8 0.1 47.4 8.4 3.9 9.3

Namibia 33.8 9.7 41.3 7.3 6.0 1.8

Niger 25.6 0.1 56.2 9.9 7.3 1.0

Nigeria 41.9 0.2 43.8 7.7 3.7 2.8

Rwanda 12.9 0.1 63.6 11.2 5.5 6.6

Senegal 7.0 0.4 74.6 13.2 3.6 1.3

Seychelles 92.2 7.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1

Sierra Leone 40.9 0.2 44.5 7.8 4.1 2.3

Somalia 7.6 2.4 68.9 12.2 8.1 0.8

Sudan 14.0 0.1 62.8 11.1 10.6 1.4

South Africa 34.0 8.1 29.2 5.1 17.9 5.7

Swaziland 92.1 2.9 3.7 0.7 0.5 0.1

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 26.1 0.1 52.1 9.2 9.2 3.1

Togo 41.8 32.0 20.3 3.6 1.1 1.2

Uganda 15.5 1.8 57.1 10.1 9.8 5.6

Zambia 19.0 0.0 60.7 10.7 5.2 4.3

Zimbabwe 7.4 0.1 69.8 12.3 5.6 4.7

57


TABLE 8: Capital and investment in agriculture: components (continued)Share of components in capital stock


equipment


% % % % % %

2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007

ASIA 39.7 3.3 38.1 6.7 5.2 18.4

Central Asia 60.3 2.5 22.5 4.0 2.0 13.2

Kazakhstan 74.0 1.0 14.8 2.6 1.4 6.3

Kyrgyzstan 63.5 3.2 18.7 3.3 2.1 9.2

Tajikistan 55.9 6.2 26.8 4.7 2.2 4.1

Turkmenistan 48.5 1.3 20.0 3.5 1.0 25.7

Uzbekistan 44.9 2.6 27.2 4.8 2.5 18.0

East Asia 25.0 5.9 41.4 7.3 2.8 19.4

Brunei Darussalam 3.6 0.0 80.0 12.7 0.0 0.0

Cambodia 36.2 0.3 43.0 7.6 7.8 5.0

China 15.3 0.1 49.5 8.7 3.0 23.4

Indonesia 76.6 0.2 12.6 2.2 1.0 7.4

Korea, DPR 2.4 91.0 3.0 0.5 0.2 2.9

Korea, Republic of 5.3 4.5 36.9 6.5 1.5 45.2

Lao, PDR 75.1 4.4 15.4 2.7 1.7 0.6

Malaysia 49.4 4.6 29.8 5.3 1.5 9.4

Mongolia 3.6 49.5 37.5 6.6 2.5 0.3

Myanmar 29.4 0.0 46.4 8.2 8.0 8.0

Philippines 15.5 23.3 44.6 7.9 3.8 4.9

Singapore

Thailand 20.7 43.2 23.2 4.1 2.5 6.3

Viet Nam 11.1 43.1 20.9 3.7 1.6 19.6

South Asia 44.7 0.2 37.2 6.6 8.8 18.3

Afghanistan 80.3 0.4 15.1 2.7 1.5 0.0

Bangladesh 7.5 0.0 73.1 12.9 4.6 1.9

Bhutan 65.2 32.3 1.6 0.3 0.5 0.1

India 28.1 0.0 31.9 5.6 10.4 24.0

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 64.1 1.7 18.5 3.3 1.1 11.3

Maldives 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nepal 62.0 0.1 23.8 4.2 7.2 2.7

Pakistan 14.1 0.5 62.8 11.1 7.4 4.0

Sri Lanka 96.7 2.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1

West Asia 63.7 3.8 19.4 3.4 1.3 11.7

Armenia 60.0 8.0 20.6 3.6 1.9 5.8

Azerbaijan 50.3 5.6 22.2 3.9 1.7 16.3

Bahrain 61.4 5.3 22.8 3.5 1.8 0.0

Cyprus 48.3 5.1 18.7 3.2 0.6 23.8

Georgia 41.0 7.8 26.7 4.7 1.8 17.9

Iraq 83.5 0.8 9.0 1.6 0.5 4.6

Jordan 51.4 7.2 27.8 4.9 0.8 7.8

Kuwait 26.1 1.3 58.6 10.1 1.3 2.0

Lebanon 73.5 16.5 6.6 1.2 0.4 1.8


22.5 17.9 21.8 3.7 0.7 32.7

Saudi Arabia 87.5 1.6 8.1 1.4 0.3 1.1

Syrian Arab Republic 74.5 4.2 11.5 2.0 0.5 7.4

Turkey 56.3 4.0 13.0 2.3 0.8 23.6

United Arab Emirates 75.6 9.7 11.3 2.0 1.0 0.3

Yemen 13.1 0.0 64.3 11.4 5.5 5.6


24.3 8.1 44.4 7.8 5.3 7.4

Argentina 16.0 1.5 52.2 9.2 6.4 14.7

Bahamas 27.6 27.6 27.6 3.4 0.0 6.9

Barbados 17.9 1.2 47.6 8.3 1.2 22.6

Belize 2.4 3.1 79.3 14.0 0.4 0.6

Bolivia (Plur. State) 17.8 3.3 59.4 10.5 7.0 1.9

Brazil 21.6 6.8 43.0 7.6 8.8 12.3

Chile 44.9 4.9 31.4 5.5 1.6 11.6

Colombia 7.7 5.2 71.1 12.5 2.5 1.0

Costa Rica 19.6 21.8 39.3 6.9 4.3 7.9

58


TABLE 8: Capital and investment in agriculture: components (continued)Share of components in capital stock


equipment


% % % % % %

2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007

Cuba 21.9 3.5 55.8 9.8 1.6 7.4

Dominica 2.5 40.7 43.2 7.4 1.2 2.5

Dominican Republic 23.8 15.6 48.9 8.6 2.5 0.5

Ecuador 37.1 21.9 31.0 5.5 2.4 2.1

El Salvador 26.8 24.9 32.0 5.6 4.6 6.1

French Guiana 30.0 17.5 35.0 5.0 0.0 5.0

Grenada 13.9 58.3 19.4 2.8 0.0 0.0

Guatemala 25.2 30.0 32.8 5.8 3.2 3.0

Guyana 71.2 4.3 14.1 2.4 1.0 6.7

Haiti 17.2 11.4 56.2 9.9 3.8 1.4

Honduras 25.7 25.4 31.7 5.6 5.6 5.9

Jamaica 9.6 13.0 60.5 10.7 1.8 4.4

Mexico 48.1 7.0 32.3 5.7 2.9 4.0

Netherlands Antilles 30.0 0.0 50.0 10.0 0.0 0.0

Nicaragua 41.9 16.5 29.4 5.2 5.5 1.4

Panama 12.8 8.6 57.1 10.1 4.2 7.2

Paraguay 20.6 1.8 52.1 9.2 11.2 5.1

Peru 34.0 7.9 45.9 8.1 2.3 1.8

St. Kitts & Nevis 12.5 0.0 68.8 6.2 0.0 0.0

St. Lucia 23.6 23.6 41.8 7.3 1.8 0.0

St. Vincent & Grenadines 22.2 18.5 40.7 7.4 0.0 3.7

Suriname 80.0 4.8 9.7 1.7 0.6 3.0

Trinidad & Tobago 14.5 15.8 45.5 7.7 1.0 14.5

Uruguay 5.9 0.2 74.2 13.1 4.4 2.2

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 20.1 7.7 51.7 9.1 5.2 6.3

OCEANIA 86.6 11.8 53.1 9.3 0.8 7.2

Fiji 98.6 0.0 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.1

French Polynesia 76.6 19.4 2.7 0.4 0.0 0.5

New Caledonia 0.3 6.1 73.4 12.8 1.6 5.3

Papua New Guinea 7.7 0.4 69.1 12.2 0.8 9.7

Samoa 1.5 95.3 2.6 0.4 0.1 0.0

Solomon Islands 3.6 66.7 21.0 3.6 0.7 2.9

Tonga 2.7 74.4 18.6 3.0 0.7 0.3

Vanuatu 6.8 30.4 44.1 7.5 8.1 1.2

DEVELOPED REGIONS 26.0 4.6 18.1 3.2 6.2 40.4

NORTH AMERICA 29.2 3.6 15.1 2.7 9.4 39.8

Bermuda

Canada 24.5 22.9 9.4 1.7 8.0 33.5

United States of America 30.0 1.5 15.7 2.8 9.5 40.5

ASIA & OCEANIA 10.5 0.9 24.5 4.3 3.2 57.9

Australia 27.4 1.0 40.3 7.1 13.2 11.0

Israel 42.2 9.9 17.1 3.0 8.8 18.9

Japan 4.2 0.4 20.7 3.6 0.9 70.3

New Zealand 5.4 0.5 67.5 11.9 8.9 5.8

EUROPE 31.1 6.0 18.2 3.2 5.4 36.8

Albania 67.6 15.2 11.9 2.1 1.2 2.0

Belarus 22.0 2.8 38.2 6.7 2.5 27.8

Bosnia & Herzegovina 22.4 14.1 27.7 4.9 2.3 28.5

Croatia 31.2 16.0 37.8 6.7 2.1 6.2

European Union 23.5 6.2 17.2 3.0 7.1 44.7

Iceland 0.3 0.0 22.0 3.9 8.1 65.5

Macedonia, FYR 48.1 7.9 14.1 2.5 1.7 25.6

Montenegro

Norway 12.3 0.2 14.5 2.6 5.9 64.6

Republic of Moldova 45.7 25.5 11.5 2.0 0.7 14.6

Russian Federation 55.2 4.3 19.6 3.5 1.2 16.1

Serbia

Switzerland 3.5 0.9 32.1 5.7 10.5 47.3

Ukraine 52.1 6.4 15.7 2.8 1.0 22.0

59


TABLE 9: Additional investment indicatorsGross capital formation Foreign direct investment Research and development Net ODA received

share of GDP net inflowsexpenditure

number ofpersons

share ofGNI

currentper capita

current current

% % US$million

US$million

% of GDP per millionpeople

% of GNI US$

2000 2009 2000 2009 2009* 2008* 2009* 2009*

WORLD 22.3 19.0 1610000.0 1160000.0 2.1 1280.0 0.2 18.8

DEVELOPING REGIONS 229226.1 390017.9 15.3

AFRICA 9613.4 45667.8 42.0

North Africa 2792.0 14840.0 16.0

Algeria 25.0 41.2 438.0 2850.0 0.1 170.0 0.2 9.2

Egypt 19.6 19.3 1240.0 6710.0 0.2 617.0 0.5 11.1

Libya 13.4 141.0 1710.0 0.1 6.1

Morocco 25.5 36.0 221.0 1970.0 0.6 647.0 1.0 28.5

Tunisia 27.3 26.8 752.0 1600.0 1.0 1590.0 1.3 45.4

Sub-Saharan Africa 6821.4 30827.8 47.1

Angola 15.1 14.8 879.0 2210.0 0.4 12.9

Benin 18.9 25.0 59.7 92.5 10.3 76.4

Botswana 31.8 24.0 57.2 252.0 0.5 2.5 143.0

Burkina Faso 16.8 23.1 171.0 0.1 13.5 68.8

Burundi 6.1 11.7 0.3 41.2 66.1

Cameroon 16.7 159.0 340.0 2.9 33.3

Cape Verde 19.7 53.8 33.4 120.0 132.0 13.1 388.0


Chad 23.3 33.9 115.0 462.0 9.2 50.1

Comoros 10.1 12.4 0.1 9.1 9.5 76.8

Congo 22.6 24.6 166.0 2080.0 33.5 4.1 76.8

Côte d’Ivoire 10.8 11.2 235.0 381.0 65.9 10.6 112.0

Congo, Dem. Rep. 3.5 29.8 72.0 951.0 0.5 23.9 35.6

Djibouti 8.8 3.3 96.9 14.5 188.0

Equatorial Guinea 61.3 39.7 154.0 1640.0 0.5 46.7

Eritrea 23.8 27.9 0.0 7.8 28.5

Ethiopia 20.3 22.4 135.0 221.0 0.2 20.5 13.4 46.1

Gabon 21.9 28.4 −42.6 32.8 0.8 52.6

Gambia 17.4 25.9 39.4 18.5 75.1

Ghana 24.0 19.6 166.0 1680.0 6.1 66.4

Guinea 19.7 21.6 9.9 49.8 5.8 21.3

Guinea-Bissau 11.3 0.7 14.0 17.6 90.3

Kenya 17.4 20.9 111.0 141.0 6.1 44.7

Lesotho 44.2 31.4 118.0 62.9 0.1 10.1 6.4 59.5

Liberia 20.8 218.0 78.3 128.0

Madagascar 15.0 32.6 83.0 543.0 0.1 50.4 5.2 22.7

Malawi 13.6 24.9 26.0 60.4 16.6 50.6

Mali 24.6 82.4 109.0 42.3 11.0 75.7

Mauritania 19.4 25.2 40.1 −38.3 9.4 87.1

Mauritius 26.1 21.4 266.0 257.0 0.4 1.8 122.0

Mozambique 31.0 21.0 139.0 881.0 0.5 15.8 20.8 87.9

Namibia 17.1 27.1 119.0 490.0 3.6 150.0

Niger 11.4 8.4 739.0 7.7 8.9 30.7

Nigeria 1140.0 5790.0 1.0 10.7

Rwanda 18.3 21.8 8.3 119.0 18.0 93.5

Senegal 20.5 27.9 62.9 208.0 0.1 276.0 8.0 81.2

Seychelles 25.2 24.2 24.3 249.0 0.3 157.0 3.5 264.0

Sierra Leone 6.9 15.1 39.0 74.3 23.0 76.8

Somalia 0.3 108.0 58.9 72.4

Sudan 18.3 25.2 392.0 2680.0 0.3 4.7 54.1

South Africa 15.9 19.4 969.0 5350.0 0.9 393.0 0.4 21.8

Swaziland 17.4 16.9 90.7 65.7 2.0 48.9

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 16.8 29.8 463.0 415.0 13.7 67.1

Togo 17.8 41.9 50.1 34.3 17.5 75.4

Uganda 19.5 23.8 161.0 604.0 0.4 11.4 54.6

Zambia 17.4 22.1 122.0 699.0 0.0 52.5 11.1 98.1

Zimbabwe 13.6 2.2 23.2 60.0 14.1 58.8

60


TABLE 9: Additional investment indicators (continued)Gross capital formation Foreign direct investment Research and development Net ODA received


number ofpersons

share ofGNI

currentper capita

current current

% % US$million

US$million


% of GNI US$

2000 2009 2000 2009 2009* 2008* 2009* 2009*

ASIA 264065.4 8.3

Central Asia 1506.8 15914.8 20.5

Kazakhstan 18.5 30.4 1280.0 13600.0 0.2 0.3 18.7

Kyrgyzstan 20.0 22.1 −2.4 189.0 0.2 7.1 59.1

Tajikistan 9.4 21.7 23.5 15.8 0.1 8.3 58.8

Turkmenistan 34.7 11.4 131.0 1360.0 0.2 7.8

Uzbekistan 16.3 26.1 74.7 750.0 0.6 6.8

East Asia 173462.0 4.2

Brunei Darussalam 13.1 326.0 0.0 281.0 0.1

Cambodia 17.5 21.3 149.0 530.0 0.0 16.9 7.3 48.8

China 35.1 47.7 100299.2 132230.0 1.4 1070.0 0.8

Indonesia 22.2 31.0 −4550.0 4880.0 0.0 205.0 0.2 4.6

Korea, DPR 2.8

Korea, Republic of 30.6 25.9 9280.0 1510.0 3.2 4630.0 −0.0

Lao, PDR 28.3 33.9 319.0 0.0 15.5 7.2 66.5

Malaysia 26.9 14.5 3790.0 1390.0 0.6 372.0 0.1 5.2

Mongolia 29.0 50.2 53.7 624.0 0.2 9.4 139.0

Myanmar 12.4 258.0 323.0 0.2 17.7 7.1

Philippines 21.2 14.6 2240.0 1950.0 0.1 80.7 0.2 3.4

Singapore 33.3 16500.0 16800.0 2.5 6090.0 0.0

Thailand 22.8 21.8 3370.0 4980.0 0.2 311.0 −0.0 −1.1

Viet Nam 29.6 38.1 1300.0 7600.0 0.2 115.0 4.1 42.9

South Asia 4392.7 41459.6 8.7

Afghanistan 0.2 185.0 45.7 204.0

Bangladesh 23.0 24.4 280.0 674.0 1.3 7.6

Bhutan 48.2 53.9 36.4 9.5 180.0

India 24.2 36.5 3580.0 34600.0 0.8 137.0 0.2 2.1

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 33.0 39.0 3020.0 0.7 706.0 0.0 1.3

Maldives 26.3 13.0 112.0 2.4 107.0

Nepal 24.3 29.7 −0.5 38.2 58.7 6.7 29.1

Pakistan 17.2 19.0 308.0 2390.0 0.7 152.0 1.7 16.4

Sri Lanka 28.0 24.5 173.0 404.0 0.2 93.0 1.7 34.7

West Asia 46.0

Armenia 18.6 31.3 104.0 777.0 0.2 5.9 171.0

Azerbaijan 20.7 21.9 130.0 473.0 0.2 0.6 26.5

Bahrain 10.3 364.0 257.0 0.5

Cyprus 18.3 855.0 5910.0 0.5 1030.0 0.2

Georgia 26.6 12.1 131.0 658.0 0.2 8.6 213.0

Iraq −3.1 1070.0 4.5 88.6

Jordan 22.4 14.8 913.0 2380.0 0.3 1950.0 3.0 128.0

Kuwait 10.7 16.3 145.0 0.1 166.0 0.0

Lebanon 20.4 30.2 4800.0 1.8 152.0


Saudi Arabia 18.7 26.1 −1880.0 10500.0 0.0 −0.0

Syrian Arab Republic 17.3 16.3 270.0 1430.0 0.5 11.6

Turkey 20.8 14.9 982.0 8400.0 0.7 680.0 0.2 18.2

United Arab Emirates 23.2 0.0

Yemen 19.5 6.4 129.0 2.0 21.2


79763.8 78473.1 13.0

Argentina 16.2 20.9 10400.0 3900.0 0.5 980.0 0.0 3.2

Bahamas 35.5 250.0 655.0 0.1

Barbados 18.5 22.4 19.4 298.0 −0.1 47.7

Belize 28.7 23.3 95.4 2.0 83.6


Brazil 18.3 16.5 32800.0 25900.0 1.1 694.0 0.0 1.8

Chile 21.9 19.0 4860.0 12700.0 0.7 833.0 0.1 4.7

Colombia 15.0 22.5 2440.0 7210.0 0.2 126.0 0.5 23.2

Costa Rica 16.9 19.7 409.0 1350.0 0.3 122.0 0.4 23.9

61


TABLE 9: Additional investment indicators (continued)Gross capital formation Foreign direct investment Research and development Net ODA received


number ofpersons

share ofGNI

currentper capita

current current

% % US$million

US$million


% of GNI US$

2000 2009 2000 2009 2009* 2008* 2009* 2009*

Cuba 12.5 0.5 0.2 10.4

Dominica 28.1 29.5 17.6 50.3 10.1 492.0


Ecuador 20.1 32.2 −23.4 316.0 0.1 69.3 0.4 15.3

El Salvador 16.9 13.1 173.0 431.0 0.1 49.3 1.4 44.9

French Guiana

Grenada 41.8 23.2 37.4 90.9 8.3 463.0

Guatemala 17.8 13.1 230.0 600.0 0.1 29.1 1.0 26.8

Guyana 23.8 26.6 67.1 144.0 8.5 228.0

Haiti 27.3 27.4 13.3 38.0 112.0

Honduras 28.3 19.6 382.0 500.0 0.0 3.3 61.2

Jamaica 21.3 468.0 541.0 0.1 1.3 55.4

Mexico 23.9 22.4 18100.0 14500.0 0.4 353.0 0.0 1.7

Netherlands Antilles −0.6 117.0 5.8

Nicaragua 30.2 23.5 267.0 434.0 0.0 70.1 13.1 135.0

Panama 24.1 24.8 624.0 1770.0 0.2 144.0 0.3 19.0

Paraguay 18.9 15.5 104.0 205.0 0.1 71.0 1.1 23.4

Peru 20.2 22.5 810.0 4760.0 0.1 0.4 15.2

St. Kitts & Nevis 50.1 39.6 96.2 134.0 1.1 111.0

St. Lucia 25.7 23.7 53.7 156.0 0.4 4.7 239.0

St. Vincent & Grenadines 27.0 34.8 37.7 110.0 0.1 5.5 285.0

Suriname 12.4 −148.0 −93.4 3.7 302.0

Trinidad & Tobago 20.0 680.0 709.0 0.1 0.0 5.2

Uruguay 14.5 17.9 269.0 1260.0 0.6 346.0 0.2 15.1

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 24.2 24.8 4700.0 −3110.0 187.0 0.0 2.4

OCEANIA 110.1 1811.6 128.2

Fiji 17.3 0.6 56.0 2.5 83.7

French Polynesia 10.2 9.3

New Caledonia −40.6 1150.0 10.3

Papua New Guinea 21.9 19.9 95.9 423.0 5.3 61.4

Samoa −1.5 3.0 16.1 433.0

Solomon Islands 6.6 13.0 118.0 42.9 394.0

Tonga 21.7 26.1 4.8 14.6 12.4 380.0

Vanuatu 19.3 20.3 34.6 16.5 431.0

DEVELOPED REGIONS 1375918.9 765239.0 36.8

NORTH AMERICA

Bermuda 0.1 −0.1

Canada 20.2 21.0 66100.0 19900.0 1.8 4260.0

United States of America 20.6 14.2 321000.0 135000.0 2.8 4660.0

ASIA & OCEANIA

Australia 24.4 13600.0 22600.0 2.1 4220.0

Israel 21.0 16.4 8050.0 3890.0 4.9 2.3

Japan 25.4 20.4 8230.0 11800.0 3.4 5570.0

New Zealand 21.3 18.1 1480.0 −1260.0 1.2 4360.0

EUROPE 957458.9 573309.0 36.8

Albania 24.7 29.0 143.0 978.0 3.0 113.0

Belarus 25.4 38.3 119.0 1880.0 1.0 0.2 10.1

Bosnia & Herzegovina 20.6 22.1 146.0 235.0 0.0 197.0 2.4 110.0

Croatia 19.1 26.7 1110.0 2950.0 0.9 1510.0 0.3 38.2

European Union 21.3 17.9 926000.0 489000.0 1.8 2880.0

Iceland 23.2 13.8 155.0 60.8 2.7 7320.0

Macedonia, FYR 22.3 24.3 215.0 248.0 0.2 521.0 2.1 94.7

Montenegro 22.4 27.1 1320.0 1.1 1.8 121.0

Norway 20.4 20.0 6960.0 11300.0 1.6 5470.0

Republic of Moldova 23.9 27.1 128.0 128.0 0.5 726.0 4.3 68.0

Russian Federation 18.7 18.7 2710.0 36800.0 1.0 3190.0

Serbia 8.8 23.9 51.9 1920.0 0.4 1200.0 1.4 83.1

Switzerland 23.2 19.7 19800.0 27600.0 2.9 3440.0

Ukraine 19.6 17.1 595.0 4820.0 0.9 1460.0 0.6 14.5

62


TABLE 10: Inputs and infrastructureFertilizer consumption Pesticide consumption Quality of

infrastructureAgricultural machinery Lead time to trade Roads

paved

per ha of arable land per ha of arable land Score tractors per 100 km2 of arable land export import

kg kg kg kg 1 = lowestto 5 =highest

number number days days % of allroads

2002 2008 2000 2009 2010 1990 2008 2009* 2009* 2009*

WORLD 106.0 119.0 3.1 3.8 4.6 49.0

DEVELOPING REGIONS 3.6

AFRICA

North Africa

Algeria 9.6 6.8 2.1 129.1 139.6 4.6 7.1 73.5

Egypt 433.0 724.0 2.2 249.6 372.1 1.3 3.1 86.9

Libya 66.3 27.3 2.2 184.3 3.2 10.0 57.2

Morocco 65.6 53.8 45.0 2.0 3.2 67.8

Tunisia 25.2 32.1 0.4 2.6 82.4 142.6 1.7 7.0 75.2

Sub-Saharan Africa 0.3

Angola 1.7 8.3 1.7 6.0 8.0 10.4

Benin 16.4 0.0 2.5 1.0 3.0 7.0 9.5

Botswana 2.1 140.5 134.8 32.6

Burkina Faso 0.4 3.9 0.2 1.9 2.4 4.0 14.0 4.2

Burundi 1.3 2.2 0.2 1.8 10.4

Cameroon 5.9 8.6 0.2 0.8 2.1 0.9 3.4 8.9 8.4

Cape Verde 0.3 7.1 69.0

Central African Republic 2.7

Chad 2.0 74.0 35.0 0.8

Comoros 1.8 76.5

Congo 0.0 1.1 1.6 7.1

Côte d’Ivoire 31.0 18.9 2.4 19.9 1.0 1.0 7.9

Congo, Dem. Rep. 0.0 0.9 2.3 2.0 3.0 1.8

Djibouti 2.3 80.0 45.0

Equatorial Guinea

Eritrea 6.2 0.0 1.4 3.0 3.0 21.8

Ethiopia 16.9 7.7 0.1 1.8 5.0 6.0 13.7

Gabon 5.6 14.1 2.1 4.3 13.0 10.2

Gambia 0.0 2.6 1.0 2.2 4.6 3.5 19.3

Ghana 3.8 6.4 0.0 2.0 2.5 7.1 2.9 6.8 14.9

Guinea 1.6 1.5 0.3 2.1 45.0 3.5 3.9 9.8

Guinea-Bissau 1.6 0.8 27.9

Kenya 27.1 33.3 0.7 2.1 20.0 3.0 5.9 14.1

Lesotho 57.7 18.3

Liberia 2.0 4.0 5.0 6.2

Madagascar 2.1 4.3 0.1 2.6 4.9 11.6

Malawi 29.7 1.7 0.4 4.2 3.7 45.0

Mali 0.0 9.0 2.0 10.2 5.0 4.0 19.0

Mauritania 8.4 2.0 3.0 26.8

Mauritius 298.0 210.0 15.7 26.8 2.3 3.0 2.4 98.0

Mozambique 6.0 0.0 2.0 20.8

Namibia 3.9 0.3 1.7 3.0 3.0 12.8

Niger 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.2 20.7

Nigeria 5.2 13.3 2.4 4.7 2.5 4.1 15.0

Rwanda 0.0 8.3 0.3 1.6 1.0 19.0

Senegal 11.6 2.4 0.3 2.6 1.6 1.4 2.6 29.3

Seychelles 0.0 29.0 96.5

Sierra Leone 1.6 4.1 2.0 32.0 8.0

Somalia 1.5 15.9 11.8

Sudan 3.5 3.6 0.0 1.8 7.2 12.4 39.0 5.0 36.3

South Africa 56.8 49.7 3.4 3.4 107.9 2.3 3.2 17.3

Swaziland 228.9 30.0

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 3.5 6.0 2.0 8.2 3.2 7.1 7.4

Togo 4.9 4.9 1.8 0.5 0.5 21.0

Uganda 1.5 3.4 2.4 5.5 14.0 23.0

Zambia 33.8 50.1 1.8 9.2 4.0 22.0

Zimbabwe 39.7 27.9 60.1 25.0 18.0 19.0

63

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&objectsyb=T_P1.RES.INP

TABLE 10: Inputs and infrastructure (continued)Fertilizer consumption Pesticide consumption Quality of


paved




2002 2008 2000 2009 2010 1990 2008 2009* 2009* 2009*

ASIA 5.2

Central Asia 0.2

Kazakhstan 5.4 3.1 0.2 2.7 2.8 11.5 89.9

Kyrgyzstan 7.0 19.0 0.5 0.2 2.1 191.1 2.0 91.1

Tajikistan 0.0 0.0 2.0 216.1 7.0 82.7

Turkmenistan 2.2 3.0 81.2

Uzbekistan 2.5 1.4 2.0 87.3

East Asia 11.4

Brunei Darussalam 0.0 98.3 77.2

Cambodia 15.4 22.7 2.1 3.2 11.8 1.3 4.0 6.3

China 371.0 468.0 19.4 27.6 3.5 66.6 277.1 2.8 2.6 53.5

Indonesia 124.0 189.0 2.5 2.2 2.1 5.3 59.1

Korea, DPR 2.8

Korea, Republic of 412.0 480.0 13.4 3.6 211.0 1632.5 1.6 2.0 78.5

Lao, PDR 0.0 0.0 1.9 13.5

Malaysia 661.0 930.0 3.5 152.9 2.6 2.8 82.8

Mongolia 4.9 8.2 1.9 80.3 38.0 14.0 12.0 3.5

Myanmar 1.6 3.3 0.5 1.9 13.6 10.9 4.6 8.4 11.9

Philippines 146.0 131.0 2.6 65.2 1.8 5.0 9.9

Singapore 4.2 2.2 1.8 100.0

Thailand 111.0 131.0 2.1 3.2 33.0 1.6 2.6 98.5

Viet Nam 305.0 287.0 2.0 2.6 47.0 1.4 1.7 47.6

South Asia 0.4

Afghanistan 3.8 3.2 1.9 0.2 1.2 2.0 4.0 29.3

Bangladesh 195.0 165.0 0.7 9.8 2.5 2.4 1.4 1.4 9.5

Bhutan 8.7 9.1 0.1 1.8 3.8 10.6 62.0

India 101.0 153.0 2.9 60.7 2.3 5.3 49.3

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 78.7 90.9 2.0 2.4 141.5 2.6 28.3 73.3

Maldives 4.2 5.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 100.0

Nepal 23.6 7.7 1.8 21.9 122.9 1.8 6.3 55.9

Pakistan 141.0 163.0 2.5 2.1 129.7 2.3 1.6 65.4

Sri Lanka 305.0 284.0 1.9 1.3 2.5 81.0

West Asia 1.7

Armenia 34.5 18.1 2.3 327.8 90.5

Azerbaijan 10.4 20.9 0.6 2.2 116.1 7.0 3.0 50.6

Bahrain 3.3 3.4 45.0 1.0 2.0 81.5

Cyprus 200.0 116.0 20.0 18.7 2.9 1377.4 1.0 2.0 64.6

Georgia 33.0 37.1 2.2 94.1

Iraq 0.0 43.8 0.2 1.7 65.8 84.3

Jordan 4.0 4.5 2.7 340.4 366.8 3.2 4.6 100.0

Kuwait 3.3 220.0 95.6 2.0 3.0 85.0

Lebanon 358.0 56.2 3.0 174.9 3.4 2.1 84.9


Saudi Arabia 56.5 75.2 3.3 19.2 2.3 6.3 21.5

Syrian Arab Republic 68.4 88.0 1.2 2.5 128.1 233.9 2.5 3.2 91.0

Turkey 70.5 88.7 2.5 3.1 279.8 488.5 2.2 3.8 34.0

United Arab Emirates 672.0 336.0 3.8 51.4 2.5 2.0 100.0

Yemen 8.2 14.2 1.5 0.6 2.4 39.0 3.1 3.6 8.7


2.9

Argentina 29.9 38.8 2.8 100.2 3.7 3.8 30.0

Bahamas 111.6 2.4 141.2 57.4

Barbados 40.1 110.0 100.0

Belize 60.0 49.8 13.1 17.0


Brazil 126.0 166.0 1.9 3.1 143.8 2.8 3.9 5.5

Chile 308.0 589.0 20.0 2.9 127.6 3.5 3.0 20.2

Colombia 309.0 492.0 33.4 15.3 2.6 96.8 7.0 7.0 14.4

Costa Rica 537.0 707.0 105.6 2.6 2.0 2.0 25.3

64


TABLE 10: Inputs and infrastructure (continued)Fertilizer consumption Pesticide consumption Quality of


paved




2002 2008 2000 2009 2010 1990 2008 2009* 2009* 2009*

Cuba 38.1 39.7 1.9 226.2 49.0

Dominica 86.6 44.4 50.4


Ecuador 168.0 214.0 12.0 7.6 2.4 54.2 2.1 3.4 14.8

El Salvador 74.9 118.0 7.2 2.4 2.0 2.0 19.8

French Guiana

Grenada 0.0 0.0 80.0 61.0

Guatemala 99.8 92.0 2.4 2.6 3.4 34.5

Guyana 33.1 56.8 2.0 7.4

Haiti 0.0 2.2 2.6 4.2 5.3 24.3

Honduras 0.6 108.0 3.6 2.3 30.9 2.4 3.2 20.4

Jamaica 94.7 51.3 2.1 10.0 10.0 73.3

Mexico 60.3 44.7 2.3 4.5 3.0 123.5 2.1 2.5 35.3


Nicaragua 28.4 32.3 3.8 8.8 2.2 20.0 3.2 3.2 12.0

Panama 40.4 35.3 2.8 2.6 102.0 1.4 1.4 38.1

Paraguay 47.7 66.8 2.3 2.4 71.6 61.5 1.0 4.0 50.8

Peru 84.0 81.6 1.2 2.8 2.7 36.3 2.0 3.8 13.9

St. Kitts & Nevis 0.0 13.3 2.9 7.2 131.2 55.0 42.5

St. Lucia 240.0

St. Vincent & Grenadines 222.5 70.0

Suriname 92.2 526.0 5.3 30.4 194.2 206.7 26.3

Trinidad & Tobago 797.0 2340.0 1238.9 51.1

Uruguay 64.8 118.0 5.2 2.6 260.3 222.3 3.0 3.0

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 144.0 233.0 2.4 9.4 12.1 33.6

OCEANIA

Fiji 71.5 46.6 2.0 418.8 351.9 49.2

French Polynesia 334.0 307.0 3.7 975.0

New Caledonia 354.0 169.0 2.7 1477.8

Papua New Guinea 159.0 78.6 1.9 59.4 3.5

Samoa 0.4 1.8 0.2 25.3 14.2

Solomon Islands 2.2 7.3 9.0 11.0 2.4

Tonga 12.9 67.4 81.2 27.0

Vanuatu 23.9

DEVELOPED REGIONS 2.3 1.0

NORTH AMERICA 2.3

Bermuda 470.0

Canada 57.6 56.9 4.0 164.8 2.8 3.7 39.9

United States of America 111.0 103.0 3.0 4.2 238.4 2.8 4.0 67.4

ASIA & OCEANIA 3.1

Australia 47.4 33.9 3.8 2.6 2.8 38.7

Israel 252.0 253.0 3.6 798.8 705.3 2.0 2.0 100.0

Japan 334.0 278.0 33.1 26.5 4.2 4492.9 1.0 1.0 79.6

New Zealand 1840.0 1720.0 4.7 3.5 1.3 1.6 65.9

EUROPE 2.2 1.4

Albania 85.3 38.4 2.1 212.4 121.9 1.7 2.0 39.0

Belarus 150.0 237.0 89.8 88.6


Croatia 257.0 388.0 2.4 1.0 1.0 86.9

European Union 165.0 143.0 5.2 3.2 791.9 2.1 2.9 89.1

Iceland 0.9 3.3 36.6

Macedonia, FYR 30.9 56.2 0.5 0.2 2.5 56.5

Montenegro 0.0 2.5

Norway 206.0 219.0 0.8 1.3 4.2 1779.1 1.0 2.0 80.5

Republic of Moldova 8.1 12.5 1.3 1.1 2.0 197.5 85.8

Russian Federation 13.6 15.9 2.4 30.0 4.0 2.9 80.1

Serbia 115.0 2.3 17.7 2.0 3.0 47.7

Switzerland 196.0 226.0 7.2 10.1 4.2 2783.1 2.6 2.6 100.0

Ukraine 15.9 32.8 0.8 2.4 103.3 1.7 7.0 97.8

65


TABLE 11: Macroeconomic environmentGross domestic product Agriculture value added

total per capita real growth share ofGDP

annualchange

constant US$ per worker

current current

billionUS$

US$ % % % % US$ US$

2010 2010 2008-09 2009-10 2009* 2008-2009 2008 2009

WORLD 62859.1 9237.9 2.9 1070.0 998.0

DEVELOPING REGIONS 20566.3 3721.6

AFRICA 1730.1 1720.8

North Africa 600.7 3647.9

Algeria 160.3 4435.4 2.4 3.3 11.7 69.1 2160.0 2180.0

Egypt 218.5 2788.8 4.7 5.1 13.7 3.8 2930.0 3020.0

Libya 74.2 11314.1 −2.3 4.2 1.9

Morocco 103.5 3248.9 4.9 3.1 16.4 12.3 2520.0 3310.0

Tunisia 44.3 4200.5 3.1 3.7 7.8 −20.4 3500.0 3600.0

Sub-Saharan Africa 1129.3 1344.0

Angola 85.3 4477.6 2.4 1.6 10.2 53.6 249.0 313.0

Benin 6.6 689.5 2.7 2.5 32.2

Botswana 14.0 7627.5 −3.7 8.6 3.1 66.7 467.0 597.0

Burkina Faso 8.8 597.5 3.2 5.8 33.3

Burundi 1.5 180.1 3.5 3.9 34.8

Cameroon 22.5 1100.6 1.9 3.0 19.5

Cape Verde 1.7 3156.6 3.6 5.4 9.2 0.5 2130.0 2220.0


Chad 7.8 767.7 0.3 5.1 13.6

Comoros 0.5 802.5 1.8 2.1 46.3 1.1 443.0 453.0

Congo 11.5 2983.5 7.5 9.1 4.5 21.9

Côte d’Ivoire 22.8 1036.2 3.8 2.6 24.4 −2.4 892.0 926.0

Congo, Dem. Rep. 13.1 186.3 2.8 7.2 42.9 6.7 166.0 168.0

Djibouti 1.1 1383.0 5.0 4.5 3.9

Equatorial Guinea 14.5 11033.3 5.7 −0.8 3.5 73.9 993.0 1000.0

Eritrea 2.1 397.7 3.9 2.2 14.4 0.0 65.4 66.1

Ethiopia 29.7 350.4 10.0 8.0 50.7 15.8 208.0 215.0

Gabon 13.1 8724.2 −1.4 5.7 5.1 24.6 1860.0 1870.0

Gambia 1.1 616.6 6.7 5.7 27.5 −3.5 271.0 275.0

Ghana 31.1 1311.6 4.7 5.7 31.7 2.3

Guinea 4.6 448.5 −0.3 1.9 17.2 −30.9 321.0 225.0

Guinea-Bissau 0.8 508.7 3.0 3.5 57.3

Kenya 32.2 809.3 2.6 5.0 22.6 7.6 349.0 334.0

Lesotho 2.1 836.9 3.0 2.4 8.4 7.3 199.0 207.0

Liberia 1.0 226.0 4.6 5.1 61.3

Madagascar 8.3 391.8 −3.7 −2.0 29.1 17.3 183.0 192.0

Malawi 5.1 321.9 7.6 6.6 30.5 1.3 145.0 162.0

Mali 9.3 691.6 4.5 4.5 36.5

Mauritania 3.8 1194.8 −1.2 4.7 20.6 9.0 411.0 408.0

Mauritius 9.7 7593.3 3.0 4.0 4.3 −3.4 4920.0 5560.0

Mozambique 9.9 458.3 6.3 7.0 31.5 3.3 202.0 220.0

Namibia 11.9 5651.7 −0.8 4.4 9.3 0.2 1700.0 1640.0

Niger 5.6 381.2 −0.9 7.5 39.6

Nigeria 216.8 1389.3 7.0 8.4 32.7

Rwanda 5.6 562.3 4.1 6.5 34.2 5.2

Senegal 12.9 980.9 2.2 4.2 16.6 7.1 235.0 245.0

Seychelles 0.9 10681.9 0.7 6.2 2.0 −4.3 691.0 725.0

Sierra Leone 1.9 325.8 3.2 5.0 51.4 2.4

Somalia 65.5

Sudan 68.4 1705.3 6.0 5.1 29.7 13.4 891.0 922.0

South Africa 357.3 7157.8 −1.7 2.8 3.0 −5.0 3660.0 3640.0

Swaziland 3.6 3061.1 1.2 2.0 7.3 0.0 1150.0 1180.0

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 22.7 548.3 6.7 6.5 28.8 −3.0 281.0 283.0

Togo 3.2 458.8 3.2 3.4 43.7

Uganda 17.0 500.6 7.2 5.2 24.7 8.8 202.0 203.0

Zambia 16.2 1221.4 6.4 7.6 21.6 14.3 220.0 216.0

Zimbabwe 7.5 594.3 6.0 9.0 17.9 −11.4 116.0 141.0

66

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&objectsyb=T_P1.MAC_1

TABLE 11: Macroeconomic environment (continued)Gross domestic product Agriculture value added


annualchange


current current

billionUS$

US$ % % % % US$ US$

2010 2010 2008-09 2009-10 2009* 2008-2009 2008 2009

ASIA 13988.7 3545.5

Central Asia 187.7 3454.9

Kazakhstan 138.4 8883.0 1.2 7.0 6.4 12.6 1770.0 2030.0

Kyrgyzstan 4.6 863.7 2.9 −1.4 29.2 1040.0

Tajikistan 5.6 740.5 3.9 6.5 22.4 −9.3 525.0 542.0

Turkmenistan 3939.2 6.1 9.2 12.3 0.0 2680.0 2930.0

Uzbekistan 39.0 1380.2 8.1 8.5 19.5 −8.9 2440.0 2580.0

East Asia 9400.2 4667.3

Brunei Darussalam 13.0 31238.6 −1.8 4.1 0.7

Cambodia 11.6 813.8 −2.0 6.0 35.3 1.1 388.0 401.0

China 6533.8 4760.3 9.2 10.3 10.3 504.0 525.0

Indonesia 706.7 3015.4 4.6 6.1 15.8 7.5 706.0 734.0

Korea, DPR

Korea, Republic of 1007.1 20591.0 0.2 6.1 2.6 −3.0 17700.0 19100.0

Lao, PDR 6.3 984.2 7.6 7.7 34.7 516.0

Malaysia 238.0 8423.2 −1.7 7.2 9.5 −6.7 6400.0 6530.0

Mongolia 6.1 2227.0 −1.3 6.1 23.5 11.4 1820.0 1890.0

Myanmar 43.0 702.0 5.1 5.3 48.4

Philippines 188.7 2007.4 1.1 7.3 14.8 −0.7 1210.0 1200.0

Singapore 222.7 43116.7 −0.8 14.5 49900.0

Thailand 318.9 4991.5 −2.3 7.8 11.6 0.0 705.0 708.0

Viet Nam 103.6 1173.5 5.3 6.8 20.9 −5.9 354.0 356.0

South Asia 2259.4 1328.5

Afghanistan 15.6 517.2 20.9 8.2 32.5 14.0

Bangladesh 104.9 637.9 5.8 6.0 18.7 −1.6 418.0 435.0

Bhutan 1.4 1978.3 8.7 6.7 17.6 −5.9 495.0 486.0

India 1538.0 1264.8 6.8 10.4 17.8 1.1 471.0 468.0

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 357.2 4740.9 0.1 1.0 10.2

Maldives 1.9 5841.3 −4.8 8.0 5.0 −15.0 2710.0 2230.0

Nepal 15.8 561.9 4.9 4.6 33.8 0.3 240.0 238.0

Pakistan 174.9 1049.8 3.4 4.8 21.6 6.4 892.0 903.0

Sri Lanka 49.7 2435.1 3.8 9.1 12.6 −6.0 903.0 926.0

West Asia 2141.5 10479.8

Armenia 9.4 2845.8 −14.2 2.6 20.7 16.3 5000.0 5050.0

Azerbaijan 54.4 6008.2 9.3 5.0 8.2 30.8 1270.0 1340.0

Bahrain 22.7 20474.8 3.1 4.1 0.9

Cyprus 23.2 28237.0 −1.7 1.0 2.1 10100.0

Georgia 11.7 2658.0 −3.8 6.4 9.6 2.2 1920.0 1870.0

Iraq 82.2 2563.5 4.2 0.8 8.6

Jordan 27.5 4499.8 2.3 3.1 2.9 12.0 2560.0 3030.0

Kuwait 131.3 36412.0 −5.2 2.0 0.5

Lebanon 39.2 10044.2 8.5 7.5 5.3 −21.5 37200.0 41000.0


Saudi Arabia 443.7 16995.8 0.6 3.7 2.9 27.8 19400.0 20400.0

Syrian Arab Republic 59.3 2877.3 6.0 3.2 21.0 5.0 4540.0 4720.0

Turkey 741.9 10398.7 −4.7 8.2 9.3 8.5 3330.0 3490.0

United Arab Emirates 301.9 59716.8 −3.1 3.2 1.8

Yemen 31.3 1281.8 3.9 8.0 14.3


4832.3 8521.0

Argentina 370.3 9138.2 0.8 9.2 7.5 −23.8 11800.0 9990.0

Bahamas 7.5 21878.6 −4.3 0.5 1.6

Barbados 4.0 14326.5 −4.7 −0.5 3.8

Belize 1.4 4158.7 −0.0 2.0 12.2 4730.0 4480.0


Brazil 2090.3 10816.5 −0.6 7.5 6.1 3.1 3840.0 3760.0

Chile 203.3 11828.0 −1.7 5.3 3.3 −5.7 6570.0 6620.0

Colombia 285.5 6273.4 1.5 4.3 7.5 −2.9 2860.0 2860.0

Costa Rica 35.8 7842.9 −1.3 4.2 7.1 −2.9 5460.0 5230.0

67


TABLE 11: Macroeconomic environment (continued)Gross domestic product Agriculture value added


annualchange


current current

billionUS$

US$ % % % % US$ US$

2010 2010 2008-09 2009-10 2009* 2008-2009 2008 2009

Cuba 5.0 3650.0

Dominica 0.4 5167.4 −0.3 1.0 19.5 7.1 6850.0 7240.0

Dominican Republic 51.6 5228.2 3.5 7.8 6.2 −1.6 3990.0 4580.0

Ecuador 58.9 3983.8 0.4 3.2 6.2 −6.7 2090.0 1770.0

El Salvador 21.7 3700.8 −3.5 0.7 12.5 −0.8 2810.0 2780.0

French Guiana

Grenada 0.7 6542.6 −7.6 −1.4 6.5 18.2 2710.0 2990.0

Guatemala 41.5 2887.6 0.5 2.6 12.4 3.3 2780.0 2780.0

Guyana 2.2 2868.1 3.3 3.6 20.6 −8.0 3430.0 3540.0

Haiti 6.6 672.9 2.9 −5.1

Honduras 15.3 2015.6 −2.1 2.8 12.5 −7.4 1980.0 1960.0

Jamaica 13.7 5039.4 −3.0 −1.1 6.2 14.7 2370.0 2720.0

Mexico 1039.1 9566.0 −6.1 5.5 4.3 16.7 3250.0 3360.0


Nicaragua 6.6 1126.5 −1.5 4.5 19.0 −10.8 2460.0 2500.0

Panama 26.8 7592.5 3.2 7.5 5.8 −9.2 4460.0 4190.0

Paraguay 18.5 2885.8 −3.8 15.3 19.3 −18.2 2500.0 1340.0

Peru 152.8 5171.6 0.9 8.8 7.3 1.2 1530.0 1550.0

St. Kitts & Nevis 0.5 9636.0 −9.6 −1.5 2.8 0.4 1860.0 1730.0

St. Lucia 1.0 5668.0 −3.6 0.8 4.9 1.5 1640.0 1500.0

St. Vincent & Grenadines 0.6 5228.6 −1.1 −2.3 7.5 1.6 2780.0 2820.0

Suriname 3.7 6975.4 3.1 4.4 4.7 3180.0

Trinidad & Tobago 20.6 −3.5 0.0 0.4 18.6 1550.0 1500.0

Uruguay 40.3 11997.9 2.6 8.5 9.8 −11.8 8840.0 9060.0

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 290.7 9960.5 −3.3 −1.9 4.0 8040.0 7940.0

OCEANIA 15.3 1742.8

Fiji 3.1 3517.8 −3.0 0.1 13.2 −9.6 2110.0 1860.0

French Polynesia 4.7

New Caledonia 3.7

Papua New Guinea 9.7 1488.0 5.5 7.0 35.9 6.8 663.0 672.0

Samoa 0.6 −5.1 −0.0 11.9 1.7 2120.0 1940.0

Solomon Islands 0.7 1340.4 −1.3 5.6 38.9 −5.6 1980.0 1780.0

Tonga 0.4 3518.3 −0.3 0.3 19.6 1.6 3560.0 3510.0

Vanuatu 0.7 2896.3 3.5 2.2 21.6 1930.0

DEVELOPED REGIONS 42292.8 34075.2

NORTH AMERICA 16231.9 47178.1

Bermuda 0.8 0.2 36600.0 33600.0

Canada 1574.0 46214.9 −2.5 3.1 1.6 48700.0 44800.0

United States of America 14657.8 47283.6 −2.6 2.8 1.2 46100.0 49500.0

ASIA & OCEANIA 7048.0 43647.7

Australia 1235.5 55589.6 1.3 2.7 2.5 29300.0

Israel 213.1 28685.6 0.8 4.6

Japan 5458.9 42820.4 −6.3 3.9 1.5 52100.0

New Zealand 140.4 32145.2 −2.1 1.5 5.6 25400.0

EUROPE 19012.9 25867.1

Albania 11.8 3676.9 3.3 3.5 20.8 2.5

Belarus 54.7 5800.4 0.2 7.6 9.6 −1.9 4910.0 5180.0

Bosnia & Herzegovina 16.8 4318.7 −3.1 0.8 8.0 −12.0 13300.0 14300.0

Croatia 60.6 13720.2 −5.8 −1.4 6.7 4.5 13900.0 15100.0

European Union 16282.2 32606.4 1.5 −9.3 16200.0 17900.0

Iceland 12.6 39025.7 −6.9 −3.5 6.4 55400.0

Macedonia, FYR 9.1 4431.1 −0.9 0.7 11.3 3.7 5170.0 5810.0

Montenegro 4.0 −5.7 1.1 10.0 7.2 2500.0 2660.0

Norway 414.5 84443.6 −1.4 0.4 1.2 0.8 41900.0 40700.0

Republic of Moldova 5.8 1630.4 −6.0 6.9 10.0 −6.5 1630.0 1530.0

Russian Federation 1465.1 10437.5 −7.8 4.0 4.7 6.8 2950.0 3030.0

Serbia 38.7 5233.2 −3.1 1.8 12.9 −0.8

Switzerland 523.8 67246.0 −1.9 2.6 1.2 −7.1 25600.0 26700.0

Ukraine 136.4 2999.6 −14.8 4.2 8.2 −1.3 2390.0 2460.0

68


TABLE 12: Prices, trade and debtInflation USD

Exchangerate

Realexchangeratechange

Realinterestrate

Govern-mentdebt

Merchan-disetrade

Trade performance

exports imports terms oftrade

% per LCU % % % of GDP % of GDP % % %

2010 2010 2009 - 2010 2009* 2010 2010 2008 - 2009 2008 - 2009 2008 - 2009

WORLD 42.8 3.9

DEVELOPING REGIONS −1.3

AFRICA −11.9

North Africa −16.2

Algeria 4.3 74.4 2.5 19.2 60.1 −43.1 −0.5 −32.1

Egypt 11.7 5.6 1.3 1.1 73.8 36.1 −12.1 −7.7 −11.7

Libya 2.4 1.3 1.6 57.8 0.0 73.4 −47.6 7.0 −31.0

Morocco 1.0 8.4 4.5 49.9 51.2 −26.1 −19.3 3.0

Tunisia 4.4 1.4 5.9 40.4 84.8 −25.2 −22.3 −0.8

Sub-Saharan Africa −9.6

Angola 14.5 91.9 15.9 22.8 31.4 75.6 −43.2 −24.9 −32.1

Benin 2.1 495.3 4.9 30.6 45.7 −12.6 1.9 −3.6

Botswana 7.0 6.8 −5.2 20.6 13.2 69.2 −29.1 −9.6 −12.1

Burkina Faso 0.4 495.3 4.9 27.7 36.0 7.7 0.3 −2.4

Burundi 6.4 1230.7 0.0 0.4 47.5 35.2 20.4 0.0 3.8

Cameroon 1.3 495.3 4.9 12.9 32.7 −17.3 −2.4 −12.2

Cape Verde 2.1 83.3 4.9 6.9 80.3 48.1 4.5 −14.2 23.6

Central African Republic 1.5 495.3 4.9 32.8 20.9 −21.4 −13.6 4.1

Chad 1.0 495.3 4.9 36.1 69.5 −38.8 16.0 −23.2

Comoros 2.7 371.5 4.8 5.7 51.9 30.4 27.8 −11.5 9.0

Congo 5.0 495.3 4.9 17.4 88.7 −22.0 −5.0 −31.0

Côte d’Ivoire 1.4 495.3 4.9 67.2 64.2 −12.5 −10.4 1.4

Congo, Dem. Rep. 23.5 27.0 29.5 63.4 −19.0 −19.6 −22.8

Djibouti 4.0 177.7 0.0 58.3 46.2 8.7 −28.5 −9.4

Equatorial Guinea 7.5 495.3 4.9 7.5 137.0 −40.7 38.4 −33.2

Eritrea 12.7 15.4 0.0 144.8 29.6 0.0 −6.0 −4.3

Ethiopia 2.8 14.4 11.0 36.7 33.5 0.9 −8.1 8.0

Gabon 0.6 495.3 4.9 21.3 66.0 −37.4 −20.5 −30.2

Gambia 5.0 28.0 2.3 24.1 57.4 43.5 7.8 −7.4 2.5

Ghana 10.7 1.4 1.4 41.2 52.1 3.3 −22.6 7.9

Guinea 15.5 0.0 88.7 58.7 −29.2 −29.5 −16.4

Guinea-Bissau 1.1 495.3 4.9 47.7 41.2 −7.5 3.3 0.2

Kenya 3.9 79.2 2.3 7.6 50.5 49.8 −10.5 −7.8 13.8

Lesotho 3.8 7.3 −13.6 9.2 37.7 171.0 −27.7 −6.4 10.1

Liberia 7.3 71.5 4.7 6.3 118.7 80.1 −38.9 −30.7 −7.5

Madagascar 9.0 2089.9 6.6 33.8 35.0 51.1 −34.2 −17.9 6.0

Malawi 6.9 150.5 6.4 15.6 42.9 55.4 3.9 8.8 23.6

Mali 1.2 495.3 4.9 28.3 52.7 −5.7 −8.2 17.9

Mauritania 6.1 275.9 0.4 85.6 92.6 −21.9 −17.1 1.3

Mauritius 2.9 30.8 −3.8 17.5 50.5 66.0 −19.5 −20.4 6.7

Mozambique 12.7 34.0 23.6 12.0 32.0 60.4 −19.1 −6.1 −9.9

Namibia 4.5 7.3 −13.6 4.4 18.5 93.6 9.6 15.1 −5.8

Niger 0.9 495.3 4.9 17.6 44.6 0.9 4.5 −5.6

Nigeria 13.7 150.3 0.0 19.1 16.4 52.9 −38.0 −20.0 −31.0

Rwanda 2.3 583.1 2.5 23.9 27.2 −25.2 2.4 −6.1

Senegal 1.2 495.3 4.9 38.0 53.8 0.5 −27.6 5.5

Seychelles −2.4 12.1 −11.0 −10.3 83.0 163.0 −13.0 −27.5 14.7

Sierra Leone 17.8 3978.1 15.0 57.3 38.7 −4.8 −5.3 21.7

Somalia 0.0 −3.8 −17.9 −1.0

Sudan 13.0 2.3 −3.0 68.0 32.1 −36.5 −11.1 −33.0

South Africa 4.3 7.3 −13.6 4.1 35.7 47.6 −23.0 −22.3 3.8

Swaziland 4.5 7.3 −13.6 5.5 18.5 103.0 −18.9 −12.0 13.5

Tanzania, Utd. Rep. 10.5 1409.3 6.8 7.1 43.8 44.2 −13.8 −11.2 12.0

Togo 3.2 495.3 4.9 28.2 80.6 −4.4 1.8 −5.9

Uganda 9.4 2177.6 0.0 3.8 25.4 42.3 −0.2 −4.8 13.2

Zambia 8.5 4797.1 −5.0 8.3 26.9 63.3 −15.4 −25.1 −8.8

Zimbabwe 3.0 0.0 56.3 91.9 34.1 24.3 8.1

69


TABLE 12: Prices, trade and debt (continued)Inflation USD

Exchangerate


Realinterestrate

Govern-mentdebt

Merchan-disetrade

Trade performance



2010 2010 2009 - 2010 2009* 2010 2010 2008 - 2009 2008 - 2009 2008 - 2009

ASIA 1.3

Central Asia

Kazakhstan 7.4 147.4 0.0 11.4 62.1

Kyrgyzstan 7.8 46.0 7.2 20.5 63.0 97.8

Tajikistan 6.5 4.4 5.8 8.5 36.7 71.9

Turkmenistan 4.4 0.0 7.4 66.9

Uzbekistan 9.4 0.0 10.0 61.5

East Asia 6.2

Brunei Darussalam 0.5 1.4 −6.2 0.0 81.2 −33.7 −24.8 −31.3

Cambodia 4.0 4184.9 1.4 30.3 99.5 −12.4 −17.6 5.3

China 3.3 6.0 17.7 44.3 −15.9 −11.3 7.6

Indonesia 5.1 9090.4 −12.5 5.6 26.9 39.1 −19.0 −28.3 −2.8

Korea, DPR −24.7 −42.5 9.7

Korea, Republic of 3.0 1156.1 −9.4 2.2 30.9 82.5 −14.3 −25.8 10.1

Lao, PDR 5.4 8258.8 −1.8 60.5 37.0 −4.9 −5.3 −6.3

Malaysia 1.7 3.2 −8.5 12.6 54.2 146.0 −24.9 −24.9 −4.1

Mongolia 10.2 1357.1 −5.6 21.3 96.0 −25.1 −41.0 −7.1

Myanmar 7.3 5.6 1.3 43.0 −3.1 2.2 −2.5

Philippines 3.8 45.1 −5.5 5.9 47.3 52.3 −22.3 −23.9 6.4

Singapore 2.8 1.4 −6.2 7.4 97.2 283.0 −20.0 −23.1 −0.6

Thailand 3.3 31.7 −7.6 3.9 44.1 109.0 −12.0 −24.6 3.0

Viet Nam 9.2 18612.9 8.2 3.8 52.8 131.0 −10.9 −16.3 3.0

South Asia −3.5

Afghanistan 8.0 46.5 −7.2 36.1 31.3 −25.2 10.5 −7.7

Bangladesh 8.2 69.6 0.9 7.6 41.3 −2.1 −8.2 8.4

Bhutan 7.1 45.7 −5.6 80.3 −4.6 −1.9 −8.4

India 13.2 45.7 −5.6 4.3 69.2 29.9 −16.3 −22.3 −0.6

Iran (Islamic Rep.) 12.5 10254.2 4.5 11.3 12.0 38.8 −29.9 −16.6 −29.0

Maldives 5.0 12.8 0.0 −6.2 65.3 77.1 −50.8 −30.3 31.7

Nepal 9.3 73.2 −5.5 −3.6 35.5 41.5 −5.9 5.1 5.8

Pakistan 11.7 85.2 4.3 −4.6 56.8 30.5 −13.8 −25.4 10.1

Sri Lanka 5.9 113.1 −1.7 9.5 41.8 −13.5 −30.2 13.6

West Asia −15.8

Armenia 8.2 373.7 3.0 17.1 39.4 45.9

Azerbaijan 5.7 0.8 −0.1 44.2 10.8 64.2

Bahrain 2.0 0.4 0.0 32.0 93.1 −31.4 −32.6 −14.9

Cyprus 2.6 0.0 61.7 36.1

Georgia 7.1 1.8 6.6 28.1 39.1 51.3

Iraq 5.1 1170.0 0.0 61.5 112.3 116.0 −30.4 −4.1 −30.5

Jordan 5.0 0.7 0.0 1.1 60.5 81.5 −16.1 −13.4 1.7

Kuwait 4.1 0.3 −0.3 10.5 75.9 −42.2 −27.9 −33.0

Lebanon 4.5 1507.5 0.0 3.5 136.7 60.1 −5.9 −1.1 7.9


Saudi Arabia 5.4 3.8 0.0 10.8 76.6 −44.0 −24.1 −34.1

Syrian Arab Republic 4.4 11.2 0.0 19.0 27.5 51.2 −17.2 −14.4 2.1

Turkey 8.6 1.5 −3.2 41.7 39.5 −22.5 −30.2 4.2

United Arab Emirates 0.9 3.7 0.0 21.0 137.0 −26.9 −18.0 −22.9

Yemen 12.1 219.6 8.9 23.1 40.6 53.5 −34.5 −27.8 −24.0


−4.2

Argentina 10.5 3.9 5.1 5.2 47.8 30.7 −20.5 −32.0 −5.3

Bahamas 1.7 1.0 0.0 47.1 52.0 −30.1 −20.1 −1.0

Barbados 5.1 2.0 0.0 113.7 50.8 −16.3 −22.1 5.2

Belize 0.5 2.0 0.0 14.5 81.7 67.8 −14.6 −20.6 4.7

Bolivia (Plur. State) 2.5 7.0 0.0 15.1 37.4 53.4 −25.2 −12.1 −4.9

Brazil 5.0 1.8 −12.0 36.8 66.1 18.0 −22.6 −26.7 −1.8

Chile 1.5 510.2 −9.1 2.9 8.8 58.8 −22.0 −32.9 1.2

Colombia 2.3 1898.6 −12.4 7.7 36.5 28.1 −14.3 −16.4 −17.4

Costa Rica 5.7 525.8 −7.9 9.9 39.4 69.0 −9.1 −25.7 6.7

70


TABLE 12: Prices, trade and debt (continued)Inflation USD

Exchangerate


Realinterestrate

Govern-mentdebt

Merchan-disetrade

Trade performance



2010 2010 2009 - 2010 2009* 2010 2010 2008 - 2009 2008 - 2009 2008 - 2009

Cuba 30.9 −21.5 −37.4

Dominica 2.9 2.7 0.0 8.2 85.5 66.0 −14.5 −5.4 6.6

Dominican Republic 6.3 36.9 2.5 14.7 29.0 37.9 −21.3 −23.1 3.4

Ecuador 3.5 0.0 20.4 50.5 −25.5 −19.1 −11.3

El Salvador 1.2 8.8 0.0 50.8 52.4 −16.8 −25.4 7.8

French Guiana

Grenada 5.0 2.7 0.0 12.0 114.6 49.6 −5.5 −22.4 6.5

Guatemala 3.9 8.1 −1.2 11.2 24.0 50.2 −6.3 −20.6 6.8

Guyana 3.7 203.6 0.0 13.1 61.3 95.0 −3.8 −11.5 18.1

Haiti 4.1 39.8 −3.6 13.3 15.7 40.5 20.7 −8.1 13.7

Honduras 4.7 18.9 0.0 14.4 26.3 90.7 −37.8 −45.5 6.8

Jamaica 12.6 87.2 −0.7 9.3 139.7 52.9 −45.7 −40.2 −8.2

Mexico 4.2 12.6 −6.7 2.7 42.7 53.9 −21.1 −24.2 −1.9

Netherlands Antilles 1.8 0.0 336.0 −25.6 −15.0 −6.4

Nicaragua 5.5 21.4 5.4 −2.0 82.3 79.3 −6.5 −20.8 11.6

Panama 3.5 1.0 0.0 4.0 40.9 35.4 −24.1 −13.8 7.6

Paraguay 4.7 4735.5 −4.4 28.4 15.0 71.0 −29.0 −23.2 −1.9

Peru 1.5 2.8 −6.0 17.5 24.3 37.3 −14.7 −30.0 −5.8

St. Kitts & Nevis 2.5 2.7 0.0 4.6 200.4 58.7 9.7 6.2 3.5

St. Lucia 1.8 2.7 0.0 10.9 77.2 73.1 −0.8 −17.8 −6.5

St. Vincent & Grenadines 1.5 2.7 0.0 6.0 82.2 65.7 −5.8 −10.8 0.0

Suriname 6.9 2.7 0.0 21.6 100.0 −16.9 −10.9 −1.9

Trinidad & Tobago 10.7 6.4 0.6 32.8 39.8 75.8 −50.9 −27.6 −16.6

Uruguay 6.7 20.1 −11.1 8.9 55.3 39.0 −15.7 −30.6 4.7

Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) 28.2 2.6 20.5 10.6 38.7 30.1 −39.4 −22.2 −24.9

OCEANIA 3.0

Fiji 5.4 1.9 −2.0 7.5 55.9 75.0 −32.0 −36.4 22.0

French Polynesia 0.0 34.6 −24.4 −21.1 8.3

New Caledonia 0.0 57.0 −31.1 −21.6 3.2

Papua New Guinea 6.6 2.7 −1.4 14.2 95.4 −31.8 −1.9 −4.7

Samoa −0.2 2.5 −8.8 10.3 43.5 −36.2 −19.7 10.3

Solomon Islands 1.0 8.1 0.0 6.6 25.8 66.0 −22.3 −27.4 −1.0

Tonga 4.0 1.9 −5.9 13.8 51.1 4.9 5.1 19.0

Vanuatu 2.8 96.9 −7.5 1.4 54.3 2.3 −6.9 14.3

DEVELOPED REGIONS 6.6

NORTH AMERICA 6.2

Bermuda 0.0 19.0

Canada 1.8 1.0 −9.6 4.6 84.0 48.4 −29.9 −22.4 −9.4

United States of America 1.6 1.0 0.0 2.3 91.6 18.8 −18.7 −26.2 7.8

ASIA & OCEANIA 14.5

Australia 2.8 1.1 −14.8 1.0 22.3 34.6 −23.4 −17.0 −6.9

Israel 2.7 3.7 −4.8 −1.4 77.9 49.8 −19.4 −27.3 10.9

Japan −0.7 87.8 −6.2 2.7 220.3 22.3 −27.5 −29.4 20.0

New Zealand 2.3 1.4 −13.1 8.6 31.6 39.8 −18.4 −25.7 −8.3

EUROPE 3.2

Albania 3.6 103.9 9.5 10.1 59.7 46.9

Belarus 7.7 2978.5 6.8 7.5 22.4 102.0 −34.7 −27.5 −11.0


Croatia 1.0 5.5 4.2 8.0 40.0 50.3

European Union 56.3 3.7

Iceland 5.4 122.2 −1.6 9.6 96.6 62.8 −22.1 −38.5 −11.1

Macedonia, FYR 1.5 46.5 5.4 7.1 24.8 83.9

Montenegro 0.5 4.9 6.8 44.1 59.3

Norway 2.4 6.0 −4.0 8.7 54.3 49.8 −29.6 −21.6 −17.8

Republic of Moldova 7.4 12.4 11.7 18.1 29.8 84.5

Russian Federation 6.9 30.4 −4.1 12.5 9.9 40.2

Serbia 6.2 14.9 1.6 44.0 55.7

Switzerland 0.7 1.0 −4.6 2.5 55.0 66.8 −12.3 −13.8 7.6

Ukraine 9.4 7.9 1.9 6.6 40.5 75.0

71


PART 1

Definitions and sources

Agricultural population

P1.DEM.FAO.POP.AGR

Page: table 1 (p. 38).

Agricultural population is defined as all persons depend-ing for their livelihood on agriculture, hunting, fishingand forestry. It comprises all persons economically ac-tive in agriculture as well as their non-working depen-dents. It is not necessary that this referred populationexclusively come from rural population.

Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)

Owner: FAO

Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15-49)

P1.DEM.UN.WPP.FER.CON


Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage ofwomen who are practicing, or whose sexual partners arepracticing, any form of contraception. It is usually mea-sured for married women ages 15-49 only.

Source: World Bank (WDI)

Owner: UNICEF

Fertility rate

P1.DEM.UN.WPP.FER.TOT

Page: table 2 (p. 41), chart 1 (p. 9).

Total fertility rate represents the number of children thatwould be born to a woman if she were to live to the endof her childbearing years and bear children in accordancewith current age-specific fertility rates.


Owner: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010

Net migration

P1.DEM.UN.WPP.MIG.NET


Net migration is the net total of migrants during the pe-riod, that is, the total number of immigrants less the an-nual number of emigrants, including both citizens andnoncitizens. Data are five-year estimates. To derive esti-mates of net migration, the United Nations PopulationDivision takes into account the past migration historyof a country or area, the migration policy of a country,and the influx of refugees in recent periods. The datato calculate these official estimates come from a vari-ety of sources, including border statistics, administrativerecords, surveys, and censuses. When no official esti-mates can be made because of insufficient data, net mi-gration is derived through the balance equation, whichis the difference between overall population growth andthe natural increase during the 1990-2000 intercensalperiod.



Death rate, crude (per 1000 people)P1.DEM.UN.WPP.MOR.CDR

Page: table 2 (p. 41).Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occur-ring during the year, per 1000 population estimated atmidyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crudebirth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which isequal to the rate of population change in the absence ofmigration.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010

Life expectancy at birth, total (years)P1.DEM.UN.WPP.MOR.EXP

Page: table 2 (p. 41).Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of yearsa newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns ofmortality at the time of its birth were to stay the samethroughout its life.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010

Infant mortality rateP1.DEM.UN.WPP.MOR.IMR

Page: table 2 (p. 41).Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying be-fore reaching one year of age, per 1000 live births in agiven year.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNICEF, WHO, World Bank and UNPD

Population age structureP1.DEM.UN.WPP.POP.AGE

Page: table 1 (p. 38), chart 5 (p. 11).Population is based on the de facto definition of popula-tion. Young population refers to people between 0 and14, while old population refers to people 65 and above.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: World Bank

Population densityP1.DEM.UN.WPP.POP.DEN

Page: table 2 (p. 41), map 2 (p. 11).Population density is midyear population divided by landarea in square kilometres. Population is based on thede facto definition of population, which counts all res-idents regardless of legal status or citizenship–exceptfor refugees not permanently settled in the country ofasylum, who are generally considered part of the pop-ulation of their country of origin. Land area is a coun-try’s total area, excluding area under inland water bod-ies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusiveeconomic zones. In most cases the definition of inlandwater bodies includes major rivers and lakes.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: FAO and World Bank

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http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.DEM.UN.WPP.FER.CON

http://www.worldbank.org

http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators

http://www.unicef.org/

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http://www.un.org/esa/population/

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http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.DEM.UN.WPP.MOR.CDR




http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.DEM.UN.WPP.MOR.EXP




http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.DEM.UN.WPP.MOR.IMR




http://www.who.int



http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.DEM.UN.WPP.POP.AGE




http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.DEM.UN.WPP.POP.DEN



http://www.fao.org


DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES

Population, total

P1.DEM.UN.WPP.POP.TOT

Page: table 1 (p. 38), chart 2 (p. 10), map 1 (p. 8).

Total population is based on the de facto definition ofpopulation, which counts all residents regardless of le-gal status or citizenship–except for refugees not perma-nently settled in the country of asylum, who are gener-ally considered part of the population of their country oforigin. The values shown are midyear estimates.



Population of Urban Agglomerations with 750 000 ormore Inhabitants

P1.DEM.UN.WUP.POP.750

Page: chart 96 (p. 215).

Population in urban agglomerations of more than onemillion is the country’s population living in metropolitanareas that in 2009 had a population of more than onemillion people.


Owner: UNPD World Urbanization Prospects 2009

Rural population

P1.DEM.UN.WUP.POP.RUR


Rural population refers to people living in rural areas asdefined by national statistical offices. It is calculated asthe difference between total population and urban pop-ulation.



Urban population

P1.DEM.UN.WUP.POP.URB

Page: table 2 (p. 41), chart 3, 4 (p. 10, 11), map 52 (p.214).

Urban population refers to people living in urban areasas defined by national statistical offices. It is calculatedusing World Bank population estimates and urban ratiosfrom the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects.



US$ Exchange rate

P1.MAC.IMF.IFS.EXR.AVE


Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate deter-mined by national authorities or to the rate determinedin the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calcu-lated as an annual average based on monthly averages(local currency units relative to the US dollar).

Source: International Financial Statistics

Owner: IMF

Real effective exchange rate index

P1.MAC.IMF.IFS.EXR.REEXR


Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective ex-change rate (a measure of the value of a currency againsta weighted average of several foreign currencies) dividedby a price deflator or index of costs.

Source: International Financial Statistics

Owner: IMF

GDP (current US$)

P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GDP.NOM


GDP at purchaser’s prices is the sum of gross value addedby all resident producers in the economy plus any prod-uct taxes and minus any subsidies not included in thevalue of the products. It is calculatedwithoutmaking de-ductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for de-pletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are incurrent US dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are convertedfrom domestic currencies using single year official ex-change rates. For a few countries where the official ex-change rate does not reflect the rate effectively appliedto actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternativeconversion factor is used.


Owner: IMF, World Bank and OECD

GDP per capita (current US$)

P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GDP.NPC


GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided bymidyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value addedby all resident producers in the economy plus any prod-uct taxes and minus any subsidies not included in thevalue of the products. It is calculated without makingdeductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or fordepletion and degradation of natural resources. Data arein current US dollars.



Real growth rate in GDP

P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GDP.RGR

Page: table 11 (p. 68), map 14 (p. 35).

Annual percentages of constant price GDP are year-on-year changes; the base year is country-specific.Expenditure-based GDP is total final expenditures atpurchasers’ prices (including the f.o.b. value of exportsof goods and services), less the f.o.b. value of imports ofgoods and services.

Source: World Economic Outlook

Owner: IMF

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http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.IMF.IFS.EXR.AVE

http://www.imf.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.IMF.IFS.EXR.REEXR

http://www.imf.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GDP.NOM



http://www.imf.org/


http://www.oecd.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GDP.NPC



http://www.imf.org/


http://www.oecd.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GDP.RGR

http://www.imf.org/

PART 1

Central government debt, total (% of GDP)P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.GOV.DBT


Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-termcontractual obligations to others outstanding on a par-ticular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilitiessuch as currency and money deposits, securities otherthan shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of gov-ernment liabilities reduced by the amount of equity andfinancial derivatives held by the government. Becausedebt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of agiven date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.



Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)P1.MAC.IMF.WEO.INF.PER

Page: table 12 (p. 71), map 15 (p. 35).

Inflation as measured by the consumer price index re-flects the annual percentage change in the cost to theaverage consumer of acquiring a basket of goods andservices that may be fixed or changed at specified inter-vals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generallyused.


Owner: IMF

Price-adjusted major currencies US Dollar IndexP1.MAC.USA.FR.EXR.MAJ


The major currencies index is a trade-weighted averageof the foreign exchange values of the US dollar againstcurrencies that circulate widely outside the country ofissue. These are the euro, Canadian dollar, Japaneseyen, British pound, Swiss franc, Australian dollar, andSwedish kroner. The base year for the index is 2003.

Source: United States Federal Reserve

Owner: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Sys-tem

Agriculture, value added (% of GDP)P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.AGV.GDP

Page: table 11 (p. 68), map 13 (p. 32).

Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and in-cludes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultiva-tion of crops and livestock production. Value added isthe net output of a sector after adding up all outputs andsubtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated withoutmaking deductions for depreciation of fabricated assetsor depletion and degradation of natural resources. Theorigin of value added is determined by the InternationalStandard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note:For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost isused as the denominator.


Owner: World Bank and OECD

Agriculture value added per worker (constant 2000 US$)P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.AGV.PWK

Page: table 11 (p. 68), chart 26 (p. 33).Agriculture value added per worker is a measure of agri-cultural productivity. Value added in agriculture mea-sures the output of the agricultural sector (ISIC divisions1-5) less the value of intermediate inputs. Agriculturecomprises value added from forestry, hunting, and fish-ing as well as cultivation of crops and livestock produc-tion. Data are in constant 2000 US dollars.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: World Bank and FAO

Real interest rate (%)P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.INT.RL

Page: table 12 (p. 71).Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted forinflation as measured by the GDP deflator.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: IMF and World Bank

Merchandise trade (% of GDP)P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.MCH.GDP

Page: table 12 (p. 71), chart 28 (p. 34).Merchandise trade as a share of GDP is the sum of mer-chandise exports and imports divided by the value ofGDP, all in current US dollars.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: WTO and World Bank

Import value index (2000 = 100)P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.MVAL.IX

Page: table 12 (p. 71).Import value indexes are the current value of imports(c.i.f.) converted to US dollars and expressed as apercentage of the average for the base period (2000).UNCTAD’s import value indexes are reported for mosteconomies. For selected economies for which UNCTADdoes not publish data, the import value indexes are de-rived from import volume indexes (line 73) and corre-sponding unit value indexes of imports (line 75) in theIMF’s International Financial Statistics.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNCTAD and IMF

Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100)P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.TOT.IX

Page: table 12 (p. 71).Net barter terms of trade index is calculated as the per-centage ratio of the export unit value indexes to the im-port unit value indexes, measured relative to the baseyear 2000. Unit value indexes are based on data reportedby countries that demonstrate consistency under UNC-TAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD’s esti-mates using the previous year’s trade values at the Stan-dard International Trade Classification three-digit levelas weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the

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http://www.imf.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.AGV.GDP




http://www.oecd.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.AGV.PWK




http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.INT.RL



http://www.imf.org/


http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.MCH.GDP




http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.MVAL.IX



http://www.unctad.org

http://www.imf.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.TOT.IX


latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average pricesindexes at the three-digit product classification of theStandard International Trade Classification revision 3 us-ing UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, internationaland national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimatesand calculates unit value indexes at the country level us-ing the current year’s trade values as weights.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNCTAD and IMF

Export value index (2000 = 100)P1.MAC.WBK.WDI.XVAL.IX

Page: table 12 (p. 71).Export values are the current value of exports (f.o.b.)converted to US dollars and expressed as a percentageof the average for the base period (2000). UNCTAD’s ex-port value indexes are reported for most economies. Forselected economies for which UNCTAD does not publishdata, the export value indexes are derived from exportvolume indexes (line 72) and corresponding unit valueindexes of exports (line 74) in the IMF’s International Fi-nancial Statistics.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNCTAD and IMF

Share of components in capital stockP1.RES.FAO.ESS.CAP.STK

Page: table 7, 8 (p. 56, 59), chart 17, 20 (p. 23, 25), map8 (p. 22).The estimate of capital stock in agriculture refers to avalue that is attached to the total physical capital capac-ity available for repeated use in the production of othergoods, in existence at specific point in time in the econ-omy of agriculture sector. The estimates of investmentin agriculture have indirectly been derived by the FAOStatistics Division using physical data on livestock, trac-tors, irrigated land and land under permanent crops etc.,and the average prices for the year 1995. These data en-abled the derivation of the capital stock in agriculturewhich is the gross, and the annual change in the latteris taken to reflect investment in agriculture.Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)Owner: FAO

Arable landP1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.ARL

Page: table 3 (p. 44), chart 7 (p. 15), map 4 (p. 14).Arable land is the land under temporary agriculturalcrops (multiple-cropped areas are counted only once),temporary meadows for mowing or pasture, land undermarket and kitchen gardens and land temporarily fallow(less than five years). The abandoned land resulting fromshifting cultivation is not included in this category. Datafor "Arable land" are not meant to indicate the amountof land that is potentially cultivable. Data are expressedin 1000 hectares.Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)Owner: FAO

Arable and permanent cropland

P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.ARPCL


See arable land and cropland definitions.


Owner: FAO

Total land area

P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.LAND


Land area is the total area of the country excluding areaunder inland water bodies. Possible variations in thedata may be due to updating and revisions of the countrydata and not necessarily to any change of area. Data areexpressed in 1000 hectares.


Owner: FAO

Agricultural area

P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.LDAG


Agricultural area, this category is the sum of areas un-der a) arable land - land under temporary agriculturalcrops (multiple-cropped areas are counted only once),temporary meadows for mowing or pasture, land undermarket and kitchen gardens and land temporarily fallow(less than five years). The abandoned land resulting fromshifting cultivation is not included in this category. Datafor "Arable land" are not meant to indicate the amount ofland that is potentially cultivable; (b) permanent crops -land cultivated with long-term crops which do not haveto be replanted for several years (such as cocoa and cof-fee); land under trees and shrubs producing flowers, suchas roses and jasmine; and nurseries (except those for for-est trees, which should be classified under "forest"); and(c) permanent meadows and pastures - land used per-manently (five years or more) to grow herbaceous foragecrops, either cultivated or growing wild (wild prairie orgrazing land). Data are expressed in 1000 hectares.


Owner: FAO

Permanent cropland

P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.PCL


Permanent crops is the land cultivated with long-termcrops which do not have to be replanted for several years(such as cocoa and coffee); land under trees and shrubsproducing flowers, such as roses and jasmine; and nurs-eries (except those for forest trees, which should be clas-sified under "forest"). Permanent meadows and pasturesare excluded from land under permanent crops. Data areexpressed in 1000 hectares.


Owner: FAO

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http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.FAO.ESS.CAP.STK



http://www.fao.org

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http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.ARPCL



http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.LAND



http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.LDAG



http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.PCL



http://www.fao.org

PART 1

Pasture land

P1.RES.FAO.ESS.LDAQ.PSTL


Permanent meadows and pastures is the land used per-manently (five years or more) to grow herbaceous foragecrops, either cultivated or growing wild (wild prairie orgrazing land). Data are expressed in 1000 hectares.


Owner: FAO

Pesticide consumption

P1.RES.FAO.ESS.PES.TON


Data refer to quantities of pesticides applied to cropsand seeds in the agriculture sector. Figures are gener-ally expressed in terms of active ingredients. Data areexpressed in tonnes (t). However, due to some countryreporting practices, the data may be reported by: con-sumption in formulated product (including diluents andadjuvants); sales; distribution or imports for use in theagricultural sector. In these cases it is specified in thecountry notes.


Owner: FAO

Arable land potential

P1.RES.FAO.LAN.ALP


Calculations based on Bruinsma (2011).

Source: Agricultural Development Economics Division

Owner: FAO

Area equipped for irrigation, actually irrigated

P1.RES.FAO.NRL.EAAI


Percent of area equipped for irrigation that is actuallyirrigated in any given year, expressed in percentage. Ir-rigated land that is cultivated more than once a year iscounted only once.

Source: Land and Water Division (AQUASTAT)

Owner: FAO

Area equipped for irrigation, irrigated by groundwater

P1.RES.FAO.NRL.EAIG


Area equipped to provide water (via irrigation) to cropsthat is irrigated from wells (shallow wells and deep tubewells) or springs.


Owner: FAO

Irrigation potential

P1.RES.FAO.NRL.IP


Area of land which is potentially irrigable. Coun-try/regional studies assess this value according to differ-ent methods. For example, some consider only land re-sources, others consider land resources plus water avail-ability, others include economical aspects in their as-sessments (such as distance and/or difference in eleva-tion between the suitable land and the available water)or environmental aspects, etc. If available, this informa-tion is given in the individual country profiles. The figureincludes the area already under agricultural water man-agement .


Owner: FAO

Total area equipped for irrigation

P1.RES.FAO.NRL.TAEI


Area equipped to provide water (via irrigation) to crops.It includes areas equipped for full/partial control irriga-tion, equipped lowland areas, and areas equipped forspate irrigation.


Owner: FAO

Water resources, renewable per capita

P1.RES.FAO.NRL.WTRpc

Page: table 4 (p. 47), chart 10 (p. 17), map 5 (p. 17).

Total annual internal renewable water resources per in-habitant.


Owner: FAO

Electricity access

P1.RES.IEA.WEO.ELEC.AC


There is no single internationally-accepted definition forelectricity access. The definition used covers electric-ity access at the household level, that is, the numberof people who have electricity in their home. It com-prises electricity sold commercially, both on-grid andoff-grid. It also includes self-generated electricity forthose countries where access to electricity has been as-sessed through surveys by government or governmentagencies. The data does not capture unauthorised con-nections. The national, urban and rural electrificationrates shown indicate the number of people with elec-tricity access as a percentage of the total population.

Source: World Energy Outlook 2010

Owner: IEA

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http://www.fao.org/nr/water/

http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/main/index.stm

http://www.fao.org

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http://www.fao.org

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http://www.fao.org

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http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.FAO.NRL.WTRpc



http://www.fao.org

http://www.iea.org


Share of male and female agricultural holders in devel-oping regionsP1.RES.ILO.GEND.HLD

Page: chart 6 (p. 13).Number of women land holders in relation to the totalnumber of holdings.Source: Gender and Land Rights DatabaseOwner: FAO

Female share of the agricultural labour forceP1.RES.ILO.LAB.GEND

Page: map 3 (p. 12).The female share of the agricultural labour force is cal-culated as the total number of women economically ac-tive in agriculture divided by the total population eco-nomically active in agriculture. Regional averages areweighted by population.Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)Owner: FAO

Lead time to export, median case (days)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.EXP.DAY

Page: table 10 (p. 65), chart 25 (p. 31).Lead time to export is the median time (the value for50 percent of shipments) from shipment point to portof loading. Data are from the Logistics Performance In-dex survey. Respondents provided separate values forthe best case (10 percent of shipments) and the mediancase (50 percent of shipments). The data are exponenti-ated averages of the logarithm of single value responsesand of midpoint values of range responses for the me-dian case.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: World Bank

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.FDI.INF

Page: table 9 (p. 62), chart 19 (p. 24).Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of invest-ment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 per-cent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operatingin an economy other than that of the investor. It is thesum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, otherlong-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in thebalance of payments. This series shows net inflows (newinvestment inflows less disinvestment) in the reportingeconomy from foreign investors. Data are in current USdollars.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: IMF and UNCTAD

Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arableland)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.FER.HA

Page: table 10 (p. 65), map 10 (p. 26).Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arableland) measures the quantity of plant nutrients used

per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover ni-trogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (includingground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients–animaland plant manures–are not included. For the purposeof data dissemination, FAO has adopted the conceptof a calendar year (January to December). Some coun-tries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis,while others are on a split-year basis. Arable land in-cludes land defined by the FAO as land under temporarycrops (double-cropped areas are counted once), tempo-rarymeadows formowing or for pasture, land undermar-ket or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Landabandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)Owner: FAO

Gross capital formation (% of GDP)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.GCF.GDP

Page: table 9 (p. 62), chart 18 (p. 24).Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic invest-ment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assetsof the economy plus net changes in the level of inven-tories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences,ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equip-ment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways,and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, pri-vate residential dwellings, and commercial and indus-trial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held byfirms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations inproduction or sales, and "work in progress." Accordingto the 1993 UN System of National Accounts (SNA), netacquisitions of valuables are also considered capital for-mation.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: World Bank and OECD

Lead time to import, median case (days)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.IMP.DAY

Page: table 10 (p. 65), chart 25 (p. 31).Lead time to import is the median time (the value for 50percent of shipments) from port of discharge to arrival atthe consignee. Data are from the Logistics PerformanceIndex survey. Respondents provided separate values forthe best case (10 percent of shipments) and the mediancase (50 percent of shipments). The data are exponenti-ated averages of the logarithm of single value responsesand of midpoint values of range responses for the me-dian case.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: World Bank

Quality of infrastructure scoreP1.RES.WBK.WDI.INF.IX

Page: table 10 (p. 65), chart 22 (p. 29), map 11 (p. 28).Quality of infrastructure refers to the World bank’s Lo-gistics Performance Index. The overall score reflectsperceptions of a country’s logistics based on efficiencyof customs clearance process, quality of trade- and

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http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.ILO.LAB.GEND



http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.EXP.DAY




http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.FDI.INF



http://www.imf.org/


http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.FER.HA



http://www.fao.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.GCF.GDP




http://www.oecd.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.IMP.DAY




http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.INF.IX

PART 1

transport-related infrastructure, ease of arranging com-petitively priced shipments, quality of logistics services,ability to track and trace consignments, and frequencywith which shipments reach the consignee within thescheduled time. The index ranges from 1 to 5, with ahigher score representing better performance. Data arefrom Logistics .Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: World Bank

Employees, agriculture, female (% of female employ-ment)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.AGRF

Page: table 5 (p. 50).Employees are people who work for a public or privateemployer and receive remuneration in wages, salary,commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculturecorresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulationcategories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting,forestry, and fishing.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Employees, agriculture, male (% of male employment)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.AGRM

Page: table 5 (p. 50).Employees are people who work for a public or privateemployer and receive remuneration in wages, salary,commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculturecorresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulationcategories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting,forestry, and fishing.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Economically active children, total (% of children ages7-14)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.CHLD

Page: table 6 (p. 53).Economically active children refer to children involvedin economic activity for at least one hour in the refer-ence week of the survey. A child is defined as any personunder 18 years of age. Child labour is defined based on achild’s age, hours and conditions of work, activities per-formed and the hazards involved. Child labour is workthat interferes with compulsory schooling and damageshealth and personal development.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO, UNICEF and World Bank

Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EAT

Page: map 6 (p. 18).Employees are people who work for a public or privateemployer and receive remuneration in wages, salary,commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculturecorresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation

categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting,forestry, and fishing.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Regional employment in agriculture (% of total employ-ment)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EATx

Page: chart 12, 15 (p. 19, 21).Regional employment in agriculture. Employees arepeople who work for a public or private employer andreceive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips,piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to di-vision 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B(ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fish-ing.Source: Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) 7theditionOwner: ILO

Employment in industry (% of total employment)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EITx

Page: chart 15 (p. 21).Regional employment in industry. Employees are peoplewho work for a public or private employer and receiveremuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piecerates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISICrevision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (includingoil production), manufacturing, construction, and publicutilities (electricity, gas, and water).Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Share of employment in industryP1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EMP

Page: table 5 (p. 50).Employees are people who work for a public or privateemployer and receive remuneration in wages, salary,commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industrycorresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabula-tion categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes miningand quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing,construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, andwa-ter).Source: Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) 7theditionOwner: ILO

Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EPRF

Page: table 6 (p. 53), chart 14 (p. 20).Employment to population ratio is the proportion of acountry’s population that is employed. Ages 15 and olderare generally considered the working-age population.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

78




http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.AGRF



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.AGRM



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.CHLD



http://www.ilo.org/



http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EAT



http://www.ilo.org/

http://www.ilo.org/



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EMP

http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EPRF



http://www.ilo.org/


Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%)

P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EPRM


Employment to population ratio is the proportion of acountry’s population that is employed. Ages 15 and olderare generally considered the working-age population.


Owner: ILO

Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%)

P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EPRT


Employment to population ratio is the proportion of acountry’s population that is employed. Ages 15 and olderare generally considered the working-age population.


Owner: ILO

Employment in services (% of total employment)

P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.ESTx


Regional employment in services. Employees are peoplewho work for a public or private employer and receiveremuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piecerates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISICrevision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade andrestaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and commu-nications; financing, insurance, real estate, and businessservices; and community, social, and personal services.

Source: Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) 7thedition

Owner: ILO

Employees, agriculture, gender (% of gender employ-ment)

P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.GENDAG


Share of agriculture employment in total employment bygender.

Source: Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) 7thedition

Owner: ILO

Labour participation rate, female (% of female popula-tion ages 15+)

P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.PTRF


Labour force participation rate is the proportion of thepopulation ages 15 and older that is economically active:all people who supply labour for the production of goodsand services during a specified period.


Owner: ILO

Labour participation rate (% of population ages 15+)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.PTRM

Page: table 6 (p. 53), chart 16 (p. 21).Labour force participation rate is the proportion of thepopulation ages 15 and older that is economically active:all people who supply labour for the production of goodsand services during a specified period.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Labour force, totalP1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.TOT

Page: table 5 (p. 50).Total labour force comprises people ages 15 and olderwho meet the International Labour Organization defi-nition of the economically active population: all peo-ple who supply labour for the production of goods andservices during a specified period. It includes both theemployed and the unemployed. While national prac-tices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armedforces and seasonal or part-time workers, in generalthe labour force includes the armed forces, the unem-ployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes home-makers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in theinformal sector.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Unemployment, female (% of female labour force)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.UNF

Page: table 6 (p. 53).Unemployment refers to the share of the labour forcethat is without work but available for and seeking em-ployment. Definitions of labour force and unemploy-ment differ by country.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Unemployment, total (% of total labour force)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.UNFT

Page: table 6 (p. 53), map 7 (p. 21).Unemployment refers to the share of the labour forcethat is without work but available for and seeking em-ployment. Definitions of labour force and unemploy-ment differ by country.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: ILO

Net ODA received (% of GNI)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.ODA.GNI

Page: table 9 (p. 62).Net official development assistance (ODA) consists ofdisbursements of loans made on concessional terms (netof repayments of principal) and grants by official agen-cies of the members of the Development AssistanceCommittee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and bynon-DAC countries to promote economic development

79

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EPRM



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.EPRT



http://www.ilo.org/

http://www.ilo.org/

http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.PTRF



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.PTRM



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.TOT



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.UNF



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.LAB.UNFT



http://www.ilo.org/

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.ODA.GNI

PART 1

and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list ofODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant elementof at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of10 percent).Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: OECD

Net ODA received per capita (current US$)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.ODA.PCP

Page: table 9 (p. 62), map 9 (p. 25).Net official development assistance (ODA) per capitaconsists of disbursements of loans made on concessionalterms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by offi-cial agencies of the members of the Development As-sistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions,and by non-DAC countries to promote economic devel-opment and welfare in countries and territories in theDAC list of ODA recipients; and is calculated by dividingnet ODA received by the midyear population estimate. Itincludes loans with a grant element of at least 25 per-cent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: OECD

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.RD.GDP

Page: table 9 (p. 62).Expenditures for research and development are cur-rent and capital expenditures (both public and private)on creative work undertaken systematically to increaseknowledge, including knowledge of humanity, culture,and society, and the use of knowledge for new applica-tions. R&D covers basic research, applied research, andexperimental development.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNESCO

Researchers in R&D (per million people)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.RD.NUM

Page: table 9 (p. 62).Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in theconception or creation of new knowledge, products, pro-cesses, methods, or systems and in the managementof the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students(ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: UNESCO

Roads, paved (% of total roads)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.RD.PV

Page: table 10 (p. 65), map 12 (p. 31).Paved roads are those surfaced with crushed stone(macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminizedagents, with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a per-centage of all the country’s roads, measured in length.Source: World Bank (WDI)Owner: International Road Federation

Agricultural machinery, tractors per 100 sq. km of arablelandP1.RES.WBK.WDI.TRA.SKM

Page: table 10 (p. 65).Agricultural machinery refers to the number of wheeland crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in usein agriculture at the end of the calendar year specifiedor during the first quarter of the following year. Arableland includes land defined by the FAO as land under tem-porary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once),temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land un-der market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fal-low. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivationis excluded.Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)Owner: FAO

Agricultural machinery, tractors per 100 sq. km of arableland (regional)P1.RES.WBK.WDI.TRA.SKMr

Page: chart 24 (p. 30).Agricultural machinery refers to the number of wheeland crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in usein agriculture at the end of the calendar year specifiedor during the first quarter of the following year. Arableland includes land defined by the FAO as land under tem-porary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once),temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land un-der market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fal-low. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivationis excluded.Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)Owner: FAO

World pesticide usageP1.RES.FAO.ESS.PES.TYPE

Page: chart 21 (p. 27).Global utilization of pesticides by categorySource: United States Environmental Protection AgencyOwner: Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage

80



http://www.oecd.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.ODA.PCP



http://www.oecd.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.RD.GDP



http://www.unesco.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.RD.NUM



http://www.unesco.org

http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.RD.PV



http://fenixapps.fao.org/wds/api?db=faosyb&out=excel&dataset=P1.RES.WBK.WDI.TRA.SKM



http://www.fao.org



http://www.fao.org

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