MAGNETICALLY MAGNETICALLY CONTROLLEDCONTROLLED

REACTORSREACTORSTO ENHANCE TO ENHANCE

TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY & SAVE ENERGY & SAVE ENERGY

BY : P.VINAY KUMARBY : P.VINAY KUMAR

ROLL NO: ROLL NO: 06M21A025706M21A0257

Magnetically Controlled Magnetically Controlled Reactor Reactor • A Magnetically controlled Reactor is A Magnetically controlled Reactor is

device in Which DC Pulsing Through device in Which DC Pulsing Through a Part of The Power Winding Changes a Part of The Power Winding Changes The Duration to Period Ratio of The The Duration to Period Ratio of The Magnetic Core Saturation There By Magnetic Core Saturation There By Changing The Inductance And Changing The Inductance And Inductive Susceptance Inductive Susceptance

• MCRs Are Powerful Low –inertia MCRs Are Powerful Low –inertia Inductors In Which Reactive power Inductors In Which Reactive power Can Be Regulated From .01 To 1.0 Can Be Regulated From .01 To 1.0 Time Rated PowerTime Rated Power

• MCRs Significantly Reduced Idle MCRs Significantly Reduced Idle Mode Power Losses They Also Mode Power Losses They Also Increase Reliability Of Electrical Grids Increase Reliability Of Electrical Grids & Power Line Operating Conditions& Power Line Operating Conditions

MCRs Based On Two MCRs Based On Two PrinciplesPrinciples• The Generation And Control Of The Direct The Generation And Control Of The Direct

Components Of The Magnetic Flux In The Components Of The Magnetic Flux In The MCRs Two Cores In The Reactive Winding MCRs Two Cores In The Reactive Winding By The Use Of Semiconductor SwitchesBy The Use Of Semiconductor Switches

• MCR Is Performed Magnetic Saturation Of MCR Is Performed Magnetic Saturation Of The Two Cores Under Rated Conditions, The Two Cores Under Rated Conditions, When The Saturation Magnetization When The Saturation Magnetization Generated By The Direct Components Of Generated By The Direct Components Of The Grid Frequency Period The Grid Frequency Period

Basic Electrical Circuits Of Basic Electrical Circuits Of Controllable CircuitsControllable Circuits

6 To 35 KV Arc Quenching 6 To 35 KV Arc Quenching ReactorReactor

3 To 35 kv For Shunt Reactor Power Supply 3 To 35 kv For Shunt Reactor Power Supply FacilityFacility

Shunt Reactor For 110 To 500kv Shunt Reactor For 110 To 500kv GridGrid

Single Line Connection Of Single Line Connection Of Three Phase 180MVA, 500KV Three Phase 180MVA, 500KV Shunt MCRShunt MCR

1.There Phase Group Of 1.There Phase Group Of Single phase 60 Single phase 60 MVA,500KV MCRsMVA,500KV MCRs

2.Three Phase 2.4 2.Three Phase 2.4 MW,10KV MW,10KV Transformer With Transformer With Built In Thyristor Built In Thyristor Converters 1kv, 2kAConverters 1kv, 2kA

3.Control Safety, And 3.Control Safety, And Automation System Automation System For MCR -180/500For MCR -180/500

4. Voltage Transformer4. Voltage Transformer

5.Current Transformer5.Current Transformer

6.Circuit Breaker, 500 6.Circuit Breaker, 500 KVKV

7.Vacum Breaker, 33 KV7.Vacum Breaker, 33 KV

•

• Voltage Stabilization At a 110 kv Substation is Voltage Stabilization At a 110 kv Substation is Performed AutomaticPerformed Automatic

• Smooth Change Of The Consumed Power Of Smooth Change Of The Consumed Power Of Reactor In According With Mismatch Signal Reactor In According With Mismatch Signal Generated By Control SystemGenerated By Control System

• The Consumed Current Of Reactor Is Changed a The Consumed Current Of Reactor Is Changed a Result Of Direct Current Produced By a Thirstier Result Of Direct Current Produced By a Thirstier converter Magnetizing Its Magnetic Systemconverter Magnetizing Its Magnetic System

• When The Voltage Increases To 2.5% Above The When The Voltage Increases To 2.5% Above The Given Pre- set Value, consumed Power is Changed Given Pre- set Value, consumed Power is Changed Range 0.25% To 25 MVA With Equivalent Time Range 0.25% To 25 MVA With Equivalent Time ConstantConstant

• Compensation Of Excess Charge Power Of Compensation Of Excess Charge Power Of Transmission Lines Is Carried AutomaticallyTransmission Lines Is Carried Automatically

Smooth Regulation Of Single Smooth Regulation Of Single Phase MCRs Phase Currents Phase MCRs Phase Currents And phase Voltage Over Time:And phase Voltage Over Time:

List Of Available Reactors:List Of Available Reactors:

Single Phase MCR As Single Phase MCR As Automatic Ground Fault Automatic Ground Fault Neutralized:Neutralized:• Neutralizes Automation Ground Fault Neutralizes Automation Ground Fault

Capacitive In Electrical Net works Capacitive In Electrical Net works With Isolated NeutralWith Isolated Neutral

• Prevents Transmission Of Single Prevents Transmission Of Single Phase Ground Fault To Multi Phase Phase Ground Fault To Multi Phase Short CircuitsShort Circuits

Principles Of Operation: Principles Of Operation:

• 1. Adjustment 1. Adjustment Of Reactor Of Reactor CurrentCurrent

• 2. Electric 2. Electric ReactorReactor

• 3. Grounding 3. Grounding Transformer & Transformer & Voltage Voltage TransformerTransformer

• 4. Three phase 4. Three phase Network Network Connection Connection FilterFilter

• Automatic Adjustment & Control System when Automatic Adjustment & Control System when Ever Ground Fault occur It Will Sends Control Ever Ground Fault occur It Will Sends Control Signal To The MCR ConverterSignal To The MCR Converter

• When Ground Fault Occur, The Reactor Reduces When Ground Fault Occur, The Reactor Reduces The Resulting Current At The Damage Point To A The Resulting Current At The Damage Point To A Negligible Value This process Is Fully AutomaticNegligible Value This process Is Fully Automatic

• Under Normal Condition The Single Phase MCR is Under Normal Condition The Single Phase MCR is Not Saturated, Eliminating Resonance Over Not Saturated, Eliminating Resonance Over Voltage In The Neutral LineVoltage In The Neutral Line

• Thos Is Al So Used In Three Phase Electric Grid Thos Is Al So Used In Three Phase Electric Grid And Consumers In This Case Filter Is Connected And Consumers In This Case Filter Is Connected To The Reactor To The Three Phase NetworkTo The Reactor To The Three Phase Network

Winding Connections:Winding Connections:

• Phase Of Net Work Winding Of MCR 25/110 Phase Of Net Work Winding Of MCR 25/110 Reactor Are Y-Connected & Grounded. Reactor Are Y-Connected & Grounded.

• MCRs 25/110 Control Winding Of Phase Are Delta-MCRs 25/110 Control Winding Of Phase Are Delta-Connected.Connected.

• MCR 25/110 Control Systems Are Connected To MCR 25/110 Control Systems Are Connected To Control Inputs Of Transformer With Built In Control Inputs Of Transformer With Built In Thyristor Converter To Current Transformer At Thyristor Converter To Current Transformer At MCR Phases & Substation Voltage Transformer At MCR Phases & Substation Voltage Transformer At 11kv Bus.11kv Bus.

Operating Conditions:Operating Conditions:

• These MCRs Are Designed For Out Door OperationThese MCRs Are Designed For Out Door Operation

• The Associated Transformer With Built In Thirstier The Associated Transformer With Built In Thirstier Converter Is Al So Designed For Outdoor Converter Is Al So Designed For Outdoor Operation. It Is Placed In An Oil Impression Tank Operation. It Is Placed In An Oil Impression Tank For Natural CoolingFor Natural Cooling

• We Can Control, Adjustment & Monitoring System We Can Control, Adjustment & Monitoring System For Indoor Installation On a Substation For Indoor Installation On a Substation Switchboard PanelSwitchboard Panel

Advantages Of MCRs:Advantages Of MCRs:

• MCRs Are Reliable And Simple To Operate MCRs Are Reliable And Simple To Operate & Maintain As Ordinary Transformers & Maintain As Ordinary Transformers TCRs, On The Other Hand, Require Special TCRs, On The Other Hand, Require Special Handling And More Electrical FiltersHandling And More Electrical Filters

• MCRs Can Be Sustain 50% Over Load For MCRs Can Be Sustain 50% Over Load For 20 Min And 100% Over Load for 20 Sec, 20 Min And 100% Over Load for 20 Sec, TCRs Can Sustain 50% Over Load For 20 TCRs Can Sustain 50% Over Load For 20 sec And 100% Over Load For 3 Sec sec And 100% Over Load For 3 Sec

• The Over Load Limitation Of An MCR Is 2.3 The Over Load Limitation Of An MCR Is 2.3 Times Rated Voltage , TCRs Have An Over Times Rated Voltage , TCRs Have An Over Voltage Limitation Of 1.8 Times Rated Voltage Limitation Of 1.8 Times Rated VoltageVoltage

• MCRs Require About 10 Sq. Ft/ Mvar Of MCRs Require About 10 Sq. Ft/ Mvar Of The Substation Open Space. TCRs Require The Substation Open Space. TCRs Require About 100 Sq. Ft/ Mvar About 100 Sq. Ft/ Mvar

• MCRs Have a Low External Magnetic Field MCRs Have a Low External Magnetic Field Because Closed Magnetic ckt Of The Because Closed Magnetic ckt Of The Reactor Phase, & Electro Magnetic Reactor Phase, & Electro Magnetic Shielding TCRs Requre Significant Shilding Shielding TCRs Requre Significant Shilding

• Number Of Voltage Control Tap Number Of Voltage Control Tap Changes is Decreased Changes is Decreased

• MCRs Cost Half As Much As TCRs MCRs Cost Half As Much As TCRs Install, Operate, MaintainInstall, Operate, Maintain

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS?ANY QUESTIONS?