STATE PRESENTATION

READY FOR THE JOURNEYTO

& one of the WEALTHIEST

There are 35 districts which are divided into six revenue divisions and 351 tehsils.Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra and the financial capital of India.

GEOGRAPHY

• The geographical center of India lies at Nagpur, known as Zero Mile Stone

HISTORY•Maha (Great) + Rashtrika (Dynasty) =

MAHARASHTRA

•Ancient civilization – Ahmadnagar District•2nd century BC- Construction of its first Buddhist caves I appreciate prosperity of

the region.-Hiuen Tsang (640-641 BC)

•Mouryan Empire-Trade advancement•Satvahanas 230 BC- AD 225- Pratishthan or modern Paithan was their capital• Vakatak, Chalukya, Rashtrakuta- great centre of Culture and Art.

• Alla-ud-din Khiljee: First to attack Deccan in 17 century and tried to keep this region under his control.

• Shivaji raje Bhosale- Founder of Maratha empire-Life long struggle against Mughals

• Upto 1860 whole Deccan came under his control

• By 1760, Maratha power had reached its zenith with a territory of over 250 million acres(1 million km²) or one-third of the Indiansub-continent

1680-1802- Maratha Empire continued under Peshwas in Deccan

General Welseley in 1804 establish military rule in Deccan and took the region under British Control

Present State was formed, after independence, in 1st May 1960 having Mumbai as the Capital

It acts as main channel of cultural exchange between southern to northern India

SOCIAL FEATURESCULTURE

TRADITI

ONFESTIVALSETC……..

•It is an entity built on collective efforts of its people.•It has own spiritual dimensions and known as Land of Saints.•Development of a unique Marathi culture.•Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta caves, Gateway of India and architectural structures like Viharas and Chaityas .•It has produced many important personalities covering almost every aspect of human development.•Sizable contribution in sports, arts, literature and social services.•It has famous film industry, popularly called “Bollywood”.

•Population- 11,23,72,972•Growth rate 2001-2011- 15.99%

WARLI(Tribe) PAINTINGPAITHANI (Saree)

KOLHAPURI CHAPPAL

MANGOES…!!!

ORANGES…!!!

FOOD

DANCE

TRADITION

GANESH CHATURTHINAVARATR

I

HOLIGOKUL ASHTAMI (DAHI-HANDI)

PRESENTATION ON REPUBLIC DAY

ECONOMY• Maharashtra has three of fifteen most important cities of India- Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur• Mumbai-commercial/ financial capital of the country; houses the headquarters of all major banks, financial institutions, insurance companies, leading airlines in India; India's largest stock exchange Bombay Stock Exchange (the oldest in Asia)•Industries:

• The most industrialized state• Pioneer in Small Scale Industries• Foreign institutional investment• Leading automobile production hub • IT growth centre• Special export promotion zones

•Agriculture:Produces oilseeds, groundnut, sunflower, soybean & Crops

like cotton ,sugarcane, turmeric and vegetables

EDUCATION• Maharashtra has good human resource development infrastructure in terms of educational institutions—301 engineering/diploma colleges, 616 industrial training institutes and more than 24 universities

Mumbai- one of the largest universities in the world in terms of the number of graduates

Pune- “Oxford of the East” for the quality of education provided by the Universities in Pune

Nagpur- one of the oldest universities in India

Human Rights Issues

Farmer suicide

Atrocities against SCs, STs, NTs

Child Labour

Prisoners

Unorganised LabourEducation

Women issues

Naxalism

Land acquisition

and displacement

Draught and water crisis

Farmer Suicide• National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) from 1995 to 2009, over

two lakh peasants committed suicide in the country. Of this the largest number of 41,000-odd peasant suicides were in Maharashtra, most of them in the Vidarbha region.

• The main reason was indebtedness, pressure of loan payment and insufficient production from agriculture.

FARMER SUICIDE

•NO TRADITIONAL SEEDS.•LACK OF WATER (DROUGHT).•SOIL INFERTILITY.•HIGH EXPENSES.•FARMERS INDEBTINESS.•AFTER SEEDS TWO OR THREE TIMES AND ITS WASTED BECAUSE OF LACK OF WATER.•WHATEVER DEBT ARE GIVEN BY GOVERNMENTS ARE USE FOR DAUGHTERS MARRIAGE.•LOW YIELDING.•ILLETRACY OF FARMERS.

Tale of small and marginal farmers

Women issue• Violence against women : According to the data from the

National Crime Record Bureau, in 2008 Maharashtra saw an increase of 5.42% in the rate of cases of violence against women as compared to 2007.

ISSUES RELATING TO WOMEN

•FEMALE FOTICIDE•EVIL OF DOWERY

•BACKWARD EDUCATIONAL STATUS•DISCRIMINITION AGAINST WOMEN IN

SOCIETY.

How do communities uphold and honour a value system which is based on son preference and discrimination against girls?

Law prohibits sex selection…..

Female feticide is the selective abortion/elimination of the girl child in the womb itself, after the detection of the child’s gender through medical means. Following conception, fetal sex is determined by pre-natal diagnostic techniques after which female fetuses are aborted. Fetal sex determination and sex-selective abortion by medical professionals has grown at Maharashtra. 

Female Foeticide

PAY RS 5000/- TODAY AND SAVE 500,000/-.

• “A hundred million women• who should have been part of this society• have been denied a life because their parents wanted a son.”

• -Justice YS Sabharwal• Former Chief Justice of India

DRAUGHT

CAUSES:

•Globalization•Deforestation•Wastage of water

Draught and Water Crisis

Some parts of Vidarbha are also severely affected by draught

In nearly 70% of villages water is not available or if available is not potable in summer season:

Regulation and control of Contract Farming

Health Card for Farmers

Interest remission scheme

Accelerated Irrigation Development Program

Farmers of extreme distress categories shall be protected

Subsidies on Fertilizers shall be passed to farmers.

Cold storage for Farmers and Schemes for food crop forming promotion

RecommendationsRecommendations

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition refers to the process of land acquisition by the central or state government of a country for various infrastructure and economic growth initiatives.

Amount reimbursed is fairly low with regard

to the current index of prices

prevailing in the

economy

Poor Human

Capital of the

displaced people

they fail to get jobs

and are a victim of several

problemsDisplacement in India only

being considered with regard to ‘Direct

Displacement’. These rehabilitation policies do not

cover fisher folk, landless labours and artisans

Legal Framework in India

Land acquisition in India is currently practiced under the Land acquisition Act of 1894.

A new law, named Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation and

Resettlement Bill, had proposed in the parliament in 2011 but it is still

pending.

In Maharashtra

MIDC Act (Maharashtra Industrial Development

Corporation)

Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DIMC)

Forceful land acquisition will be displacing 9715 families of 69 villages in Maangaon, Roha and Tala

Talukas

Acquired at the rate of

Rs.20,000-Rs.25,000 per

acre

The notifications issued to farmers are illegal since the issuing authority SDO does not have the power to issue notifications of land above the price of Rs. 50, 000.

Livelihood dependent on agriculture are already under extreme stress. With the plans for the land acquisition for various projects, there will be a disaster in the whole

region for those living on the margins, forcing large scale migrations and impoverishment.

Atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are two groups of historically-disadvantaged people recognized in the Constitution of India. During the period of British rule in the Indian sub-continent, they were known as the Depressed Classes.

The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists 1,108 caste across 25 states in its First Schedule, and the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 lists 744 tribes across 22 states in its

First Schedule.

Out of a total population of 96,878,627 in Maharashtra 8,577,276 (8.9 per cent) are

Scheduled Tribes (STs).

Crime against tribal’s in Maharashtra is the highest in India. One crime was committed against

a tribal every day in 2006.

Atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

In 2006, the NCRB recorded 1,053 cases of violations against Dalit’s in Maharashtra, compared to 865 cases

during 2005 signifying an increase of 21.73 %.

According to “Crime in Maharasthra-2006”, two crimes were committed

against Dalits on average every day in 2006. But the conviction rate for crimes

committed against Dalits has also been very low. According to the

National Crime Records Bureau, the rate of

filing charge-sheet for crimes committed

against Dalits in Maharashtra was 96.3%

during 2006 but the conviction rate in court was

merely 3.6% during the same year.

On 4 April 2007, a school headmaster identified as Mr. Sharad Kaitade, allegedly sprinkled cow

urine on Scheduled Caste students to purify them at Surewadi village in Bhandara district. Following a

complaint from the parents of the students, Mr Kaitade was arrested on 17 April 2007

under Section 7 (1) (d) of the Protection of Civil Rights Act. But he was released on bail the same

day.

THE THIRD GENDERIn India, people with a wide range of transgender-related identities, cultures, or

experiences exist – including Hijras, Aravanis, Kothis, Jogtas/Jogappas, and Shiv-Shakthis. Often these people have been part of the broader culture and treated with great

respect, at least in the past, although some are still accorded particular respect even in the present.

The term 'transgender people' is generally used to describe those who transgress social gender norms. Transgender is often used as an umbrella term to signify individuals who defy rigid, binary gender constructions, and who express or present a breaking and/or blurring of culturally prevalent stereotypical gender roles. Transgender people may live

full- or part-time in the gender role 'opposite' to their biological sex.

The terms 'transgender' or 'transgender populations/people', used in this brief, while more encompassing than transgender women, are used to refer to transwomen given

this brief's focus. Sometimes, for brevity, the abbreviation 'TG' is used to denote transgender women.

THE THIRD GENDER

A study conducted in a Mumbai STI clinic reported very high HIV prevalence of 68% and high syphilis prevalence of 57% among Hijras.

One of the main problems is that the Indian legal system has always remained silent on the issue of sex change operation. According to Section-320 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), 'emasculating' (castrating) someone is causing him 'grievous hurt' for which one can be

punished under Sec 325 of the IPC.

The social welfare department does provide a variety of social welfare schemes for socially and economically disadvantaged groups. However, so far, no specific schemes are

available for Hijras.

Most hijra’s are also harassed by the police by using Section-377 (IPC) and they are also suspected of kidnapping or castrating children.

Legal issuesLegal issues include: legal recognition of their gender identity, same-sex marriage, child adoption, inheritance, wills and trusts, immigration status, employment discrimination,

and access to public and private health benefits. Getting legal recognition of gender identity as a woman or transgender woman is also a complicated process.

Transgender people now have the option to vote as a woman or 'other'. However, the legal validity of the voter's identity card in relation to confirming one's gender identity is

not clear. Hijras had contested elections in the past. It has been documented that the victory of a transgender person who contested in an election was overturned since that person contested as a 'female', which was thus considered a fraud and illegal. Thus, the

right to contest in elections is yet to be realised.

RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE

CUSTODIAL DEATHS

RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

State Human Rights Commission• MSHRC, falls directly under Chief

Minister’s office, has its chairperson & other members elected on recommendations made by CM, home minister, speaker & Opposition leader.

• The recommendations are then sent to Governor for approval.

• Presently offices of chairperson, registrar & two members lying vacant.

• The commission, which has over four thousand cases pending before it, has been receiving at least 30 new cases every day.

NHRC visit to Maharashtra

• State schools not giving SC scholarships• Maharashtra not doing enough for disabled• NHRC takes stock of land issues in Maharashtra• NHRC takes note of college and school problems in Maharashtra

JANUARY 2013

Suggestions and RecommendationsNeed of strong State Human Rights commission

Training and awareness about Human Rights

Political Will

51 Schemes are existing , especially for NTs-6, But they shall be reviewed and implemented properly.

CONCLUSION•Maharashtra state government should concentrate on awareness and realisation of Human Rights so that the people themselves will be able to understand and became sensitive to their human rights.

•And further all steps shall be taken for better promotion and protection of Human rights.

LET THERE BE BREADFOR EVERYONE

If faith in ourselves had been more extensively taught and practiced,I am sure a very large portion of the evils and miseries that we have would have vanished

- Swami Vivekananda

Sourabh UbaleEricson Blah

Anushri HepatV M Vivek

Thank You!!!