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Making Innovation Happen: Motors and Brakes Stéphan Vincent-Lancrin Senior Analyst & Project Leader OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation Banff, 11 October 2011
Making Innovation
Happen: Motors and
Brakes
Stéphan Vincent-Lancrin
Senior Analyst & Project Leader
OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
Banff, 11 October 2011
OECD Innovation Strategy:
Launch at Ministerial Council Meeting 2010
• Principles to promote innovation, including in education and public sector activities
– The OECD Innovation Strategy. Getting a head start on tomorrow
– Measuring Innovation. A new perspective
• CERI’s project:
– Skills and Education for Innovation
– Innovation in Education
Skills and education for innovation « 21st Century Skills »
Innovation
Skills
Education and
training
Innovation strategy
for education and training
• Stimulating science-driven innovation
• Stimulating business-driven innovation
• Stimulating practitioner-driven innovation
• Stimulating user-driven innovation
Different types of innovation in education
• Science-driven and business-driven innovation – Tool builders (educational products and services for
systems, schools and people) – New knowledge generation – Application or scaling up of evidence-based practices
• Practitioner-driven and user-driven innovation – School builders (new school models) – Project developers (new ideas and practices) – Inexpensive tool builders (OER, etc.)
Innovation in education
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and Development
Motors of innovation in education
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and Development
Motors of innovation in education
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and Development
Motors of innovation in education
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and Development
Motors of innovation in education
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and Development
Motors of innovation in education
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and Development
A multi-level innovation ecosystem with different
stakeholders, levers (and obstacles)
Individual level
Organizational level
Sector/Network level
Society level
International level
• Federal
• State
• District
Brakes to innovation
• Brake #1: supply of innovation – Insufficient public and
private insvestment in research and development
– Insufficient incentives for entrepreneurial tool development in education (but this might be changing)
– Insufficient room for experimentation and action research by practitionners
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and
Development
Educational Research and Development
Public expenditures in education and health as % of GDP (2008)
Share (%) of public research expenditures on education and health (2008)
Science-driven innovation
USA
Japan
EU27
Korea
China
0
100
200
300
400
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Education technologies by year - Main Countries (MA(3) - Patent Families only)
Growth of patent applications: Worldwide new education technologies (1990-2006)
Educational Research and Development
Business-driven innovation
Brakes to innovation
• Brake #2: demand for innovation
– Accountability policy leads to risk-aversion
– Innovation funds / Venture capital are insufficient (?)
– Schools/teachers lack (budget and) culture for innovation (action research)
– Parental demand for
educational innovation is marginal
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and
Development
Can school buy (or fund) innovations?
94 93 91 91 90 87 87 86 85 83 83 83 82 82 81 81 81 81 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 75 75 73 71 69 67 65 65 62
6 7 9 9 10 13 13 14 15 17 17 17 18 18 19 19 19 19 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 25 25 27 29 31 33 35 35 38
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Port
uga
l M
exic
o
Arg
enti
na
Ind
on
esia
Lu
xem
bo
urg
C
hile
Ja
pan
B
elgi
um
Sw
itze
rlan
d
Isra
el
Spai
n
Ital
y Ir
elan
d
Net
her
lan
ds
Ger
man
y U
nit
ed S
tate
s Fr
ance
D
enm
ark
OEC
D a
vera
ge
Hu
nga
ry
Can
ada
No
rway
Sl
ove
nia
A
ust
ralia
A
ust
ria
Icel
and
U
nit
ed K
ingd
om
B
razi
l K
ore
a Sw
eden
Po
lan
d
Slo
vak
Rep
ub
lic
Fin
lan
d
Cze
ch R
epu
blic
Compensation of all staff Other current expenditure
Distribution of current expenditure by educational institutions in primary, secondary
and post-secondary non-tertiary education (2008)
OECD, Education at a Glance 2011
Parents are happy with pedagogy and content
18
1
18
1
31
3
32
2
16
1
16
1
20
1
30
2 6 1
16 2 7 2
21
4 6 2
16 3
71 68
55 53
69 68 63
53
76 63
73
57
69
57
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Strongly Agree Agree Strongly Disagree
OECD, PISA 2009, Parents questionnaire
%
“I am happy with the content taught and the instructional methods used in my child’s school”
Pedagogy and curriculum: socio-economic
distribution of “happiness”
19
2 18
2 12 2 12
2 12
2 13
2
61 63 66 64 63 65
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 2 3 4 5 6
Strongly Agree Agree Strongly disagree
Lowest income Highest income
“I am happy with the content taught and the instructional methods used in my child’s school”
Parents are happy with their children’s school
25
1
30
1
26
1
21
1
24
1
37
2
42
1
37
2
26
3 8 1 9 1 9 2 17
2
17 3
67 61
65 69 65
53 47
50
58
73 71 70 62
57
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Strongly Agree Agree Strongly Disagree
OECD, PISA 2009, Parents questionnaire
"My child’s school does a good job in educating students"
School education: socio-economic distribution of
“happiness”
23
2
22
1
17
1
16
2
16
2
17
2
60 62
65 65 65 64
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 2 3 4 5 6
Strongly Agree Agree Strongly disagree
Lowest income Highest income
"My child’s school does a good job in educating students"
Brakes to innovation
• Brake #3: knowledge management – Insufficient organisational
learning within school and across the education sector (?)
– Inappropriate format and delivery of professional knowledge for practitionners
– Difficulty to produce
evidence on the impact of specific educational innovations
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and
Development
Brakes to innovation
• Brake #1: supply of innovation
• Brake #2: demand for innovation
• Brake #3: knowledge management
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and
Development
Selected action points to (try) unleash
innovation
• Evaluate and measure innovation in education – Develop next-generation education information systems – Invest in research and evaluation of educational practices – Develop with CERI a measurement pilot?
• Foster (international) communities of practice (sectoral and
organisational learning) – ILE network, other CERI and OECD work – Foster teacher professionalism around learning organisations
• Develop explicit innovation strategies for education (and finance and evaluate them)
Innovation in education
Innovation in
education
Technology
School organisation
System organisation
Research and Development
