Male and Female Male and Female Reproductive OrgansReproductive Organs

Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem

Sperm-sex cells that are produced by the Sperm-sex cells that are produced by the testes and is needed to fertilize an egg.testes and is needed to fertilize an egg.

Testes(testicles)-make sperm and testosteroneTestes(testicles)-make sperm and testosterone The testes start producing sperm at puberty The testes start producing sperm at puberty

and the duration of a male’s livelihood. and the duration of a male’s livelihood. The testes produce several hundred million The testes produce several hundred million

sperm each day.sperm each day.

Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem

Testosterone- major sex Testosterone- major sex horomone. At puberty it causes horomone. At puberty it causes facial and body hair, deepening facial and body hair, deepening of the voice, and also influences of the voice, and also influences sperm production.sperm production.

Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem

Scrotum- this is where the two testes Scrotum- this is where the two testes rest.rest.

There are small muscles in the scrotum There are small muscles in the scrotum that move the testes closer or further that move the testes closer or further from the body.from the body.

This movement keeps the sperm cooler This movement keeps the sperm cooler because sperm cannot develop properly because sperm cannot develop properly at the higher inner body temp.at the higher inner body temp.

Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem

Penis-male reproductive organ that Penis-male reproductive organ that removes urine from the body and that removes urine from the body and that can deliver sperm to the vagina.can deliver sperm to the vagina.

Made of soft tissue and blood vesselsMade of soft tissue and blood vessels During sexual activity the penis During sexual activity the penis

becomes erect. Also known as an becomes erect. Also known as an erection.erection.

Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem

The erection occurs because the The erection occurs because the blood vessels in the penis fill with blood vessels in the penis fill with blood.blood.

Once the penis is erect, ejaculation Once the penis is erect, ejaculation can take placecan take place

Ejaculation-when sperm is released Ejaculation-when sperm is released from the penis.from the penis.

Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem

Sometimes males ejaculate when they Sometimes males ejaculate when they sleep; this is normal. This is called sleep; this is normal. This is called nocturnal emissions or “wet dreams.”nocturnal emissions or “wet dreams.”

The tip of the penis is covered by The tip of the penis is covered by foreskin but is sometimes removed foreskin but is sometimes removed after birth in a procedure called a after birth in a procedure called a circumcision.circumcision.

Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem

The mixture of sperm and other The mixture of sperm and other secretions from the male secretions from the male reproductive organs is a fluid known reproductive organs is a fluid known as semen.as semen.

The path of the sperm goes as The path of the sperm goes as followed: testes-epididymis-van followed: testes-epididymis-van deferens-seminal vesicles-prostate deferens-seminal vesicles-prostate gland-bulbourethral glandsgland-bulbourethral glands

Problems Problems

Jock Itch-fungal infectionJock Itch-fungal infection Cystits-inflammation of urinary Cystits-inflammation of urinary

bladder due to bacterial infection.bladder due to bacterial infection. Prostatitis-bacterial infection of Prostatitis-bacterial infection of

prostateprostate Hernia-bulging portion in Hernia-bulging portion in

abdomen,groin,or scrotumabdomen,groin,or scrotum

ProblemsProblems

Testicular torsion-twisting of testis Testicular torsion-twisting of testis on the nerves and blood vessels on the nerves and blood vessels attached to itattached to it

Undescended testes-faliure of one Undescended testes-faliure of one or both testes to move from the or both testes to move from the abdomen to the scrotum.abdomen to the scrotum.

Prostate and Testicular cancer.Prostate and Testicular cancer.

Performing Testicular Performing Testicular Check-UpCheck-Up

Perform self-exam during or after a warm Perform self-exam during or after a warm bath or shower.bath or shower.

Examine each testicle seperately. Roll Examine each testicle seperately. Roll each testicle gently between fingers.each testicle gently between fingers.

Look and feel for any lumps or any Look and feel for any lumps or any change in size, shape, or consistency of change in size, shape, or consistency of testicletesticle

Contact doctor if any trouble.Contact doctor if any trouble.

Female Reproductive Female Reproductive SystemSystem

The function of the system is to The function of the system is to make eggs and to provide a make eggs and to provide a place to support and nourish a place to support and nourish a developing human.developing human.

Breasts are considered Breasts are considered secondary reproductive organs.secondary reproductive organs.

Female Reproductive Female Reproductive SystemSystem

Two Ovaries. Two Ovaries. Ovaries-produce eggs and the Ovaries-produce eggs and the

hormones estrogen and progesterone.hormones estrogen and progesterone. Eggs are fertilized by spermEggs are fertilized by sperm All the eggs that a female will ever All the eggs that a female will ever

have are in her two ovaries when she have are in her two ovaries when she is born.is born.

Female Reproductive Female Reproductive OrganOrgan

Estrogen-causes reproductive Estrogen-causes reproductive organs to mature, pubic and organs to mature, pubic and underarm hair to grow, and helps underarm hair to grow, and helps strengthens bones.strengthens bones.

Estrogen and Progesterone regulate Estrogen and Progesterone regulate the monthly release of an egg and the monthly release of an egg and prepare the body for pregnancy.prepare the body for pregnancy.

Female Reproductive Female Reproductive SystemSystem

Vagina-connects the outside of Vagina-connects the outside of the body to the uterus and the body to the uterus and receives sperm. Also allows receives sperm. Also allows menstrual flow to exit the body menstrual flow to exit the body and is part of the birth canal and is part of the birth canal where the baby is delivered. where the baby is delivered.

Female Reproductive Female Reproductive SystemSystem

Above the vagina is the urethra, Above the vagina is the urethra, where urine is dispensed.where urine is dispensed.

Fallopian Tubes-transport the eggs Fallopian Tubes-transport the eggs from the ovary to the uterus.from the ovary to the uterus.

Uterus-place to support a developing Uterus-place to support a developing human.human.

Cervix-uterus meets the vaginaCervix-uterus meets the vagina

Female Reproductive Female Reproductive systemsystem

Menstrual Cycle-monthly series of Menstrual Cycle-monthly series of hormone controlled changes that hormone controlled changes that prepare the uterine lining for pregnancy.prepare the uterine lining for pregnancy.

Ovulation-release of an eggOvulation-release of an egg Before ovulation estrogen levels rise Before ovulation estrogen levels rise

and causes the uterine lining to thicken.and causes the uterine lining to thicken.

Female Reproductive Female Reproductive SystemSystem

If the egg does not become fertile If the egg does not become fertile then estrogen and progesterone then estrogen and progesterone levels drop, thus causing levels drop, thus causing menstruation to take place.menstruation to take place.

Menstruation typically lasts 3-7 days. Menstruation typically lasts 3-7 days. During this time females use During this time females use tampons or sanitary pads.tampons or sanitary pads.

ProblemsProblems

Cystitis-inflammation of urinary Cystitis-inflammation of urinary bladderbladder

Vaginitis-vaginal infection by fungus Vaginitis-vaginal infection by fungus or bacteria.or bacteria.

Delayed Puberty-anorexia,excessive Delayed Puberty-anorexia,excessive weight loss and/or overexerciseweight loss and/or overexercise

Menstrual CrampsMenstrual Cramps

ProblemsProblems

PMS-mental and physical changes PMS-mental and physical changes related to menstrual cycle.related to menstrual cycle.

Toxic Shock Syndrome-poisoning of Toxic Shock Syndrome-poisoning of body from bacterial toxins; related to body from bacterial toxins; related to tamponstampons

Endometriosis-growth of tissue from Endometriosis-growth of tissue from uterine lining outside the uterusuterine lining outside the uterus

ProblemProblem

Ovarian Cyst-failure of follicle in ovary to Ovarian Cyst-failure of follicle in ovary to rupture and release an eggrupture and release an egg

Cervical Cancer-abnormal division of Cervical Cancer-abnormal division of cells in the cervix.cells in the cervix.

Annual Pelvic ExamAnnual Pelvic Exam

Doctor should exam the breast and Doctor should exam the breast and genital area and a pap smear.genital area and a pap smear.

Pap Smear-examines the cells of the Pap Smear-examines the cells of the cervix. This exam is important for cervix. This exam is important for detecting and preventing cervical detecting and preventing cervical cancercancer..

Breast Self-ExamBreast Self-Exam

Perform during or after a warm bath Perform during or after a warm bath or shower.or shower.

Place one hand over your head and Place one hand over your head and use the other hand to examine the use the other hand to examine the breast.breast.

Squeeze the nipple and look for Squeeze the nipple and look for unusual discharge.unusual discharge.

Breast Self-ExamBreast Self-Exam

Check breast for swelling, Check breast for swelling, dimpling, or scalinessdimpling, or scaliness

Feel each breast for unusual Feel each breast for unusual lumps or thickening under the skin. lumps or thickening under the skin.

Check under the armpits and b/t Check under the armpits and b/t armpits and breasts.armpits and breasts.