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Title: Marine / saltwater fish Species #: 1
Common Name: Great White Shark
Scientific Name: Carcharodon carcharias
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chrondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Lamnidae
Geography / Habitat: the coastal regions of the all the oceans
Life Strategy: They are the largest predatory fish in the world. They are somewhat social.
Food / Feed Strategy: The great white sharks are extremely sensitive to the electrical field
emitted by the movement of living creatures. They eat primarily seals. They follow behind the
seals far below and wait for they perfect moment to leap up and grab the seal.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: www.indianchild.com/great_white_shark.htm
Title: Marine / saltwater fish Species #: 2
Common Name: Bull Shark
Scientific Name: Carcharhinus leucas
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chrondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: This species can be found primarily in shallow coastal waters and is
common in lagoons, bays, and river mouths. Bull sharks can also be found in fresh water that
connects with salt water and have been caught in the Mississippi River as far upstream as
Illinois.
Life Strategy: This species reaches maturity at about 6 years and lives at least 14 years. Number
of pups per litter ranges from 1 to 13. Bull sharks can grow to about to 11.5 feet in length,
although they rarely grow past 9 feet.
Food / Feed Strategy: The diet of the bull shark is very broad, depending on its location, but
mostly consists of bony fish and small sharks. They also eat sting rays, sea turtles, dolphins,
crabs, shrimp, sea birds, mollusks, crustaceans, and squid. It will eat almost anything. Bull shark
teeth are triangular, serrated, and very sharp. The teeth are in rows that rotate into use as needed.
The first two rows are used in catching prey, and as teeth are lost, broken, or worn down, they
are replaced by new teeth that rotate into place.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thuuniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: www.nmfs.noaa.gov/sharks/FS_bullshark.htm
Title: Marine / saltwater fish Species #: 3
Common Name: Whale Shark
Scientific Name: Rhincodon typus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Rhincodontidae
Geography / Habitat: The whale shark occurs in all of the world's tropical and warm-temperate
oceans, usually between latitudes 30°N and 35°S, and is thought to prefer surface sea-water
temperatures between 21 - 25°C. Whale sharks are known to inhabit both deep and shallow
coastal waters and the lagoons of coral atolls and reefs.
Life Strategy: The whale shark is largely solitary and is rarely seen in groups unless feeding at
locations with abundant food. Males range over longer distances than females and they can dive
to great depths of 1500 metres.
Food / Feed Strategy: The whale shark is one of only three filter-feeding sharks (the other two
are the basking and megamouth sharks). It feeds on very small plankton including small
crustaceans like krill, copepods and crab larvae as well other tiny invertebrates such as squid,
small fish and jellyfish.
Body Form or Style: ostraciiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: thunniform
Mouth Position: filter feeder
Citation: http://www.marineparks.wa.gov.au/fun-facts/40-whale-shark.html
Title: Marine / saltwater fish Species #: 4
Common Name: black tip reef shark
Scientific Name: Carcharhinus melanopterus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: This species is commonly found in shallow waters on and near coral
reefs and occasionally in brackish waters. Juveniles are typically found in extremely shallow
water (±15 to 100 cm) inside lagoons, often swimming along the shoreline; adults typically occur
on shallow parts of the forereef, often moving over the reef crest and onto the reef flat at flood
tide. Individual adults inhabit a relatively small home range of ±2.5 km2 and appear to reside
close to their home reef but occasionally cross deepwater channels between adjacent reefs.
Life Strategy: small sharks measuring up to 1.8 m with short, bluntly-rounded snouts, oval
eyes, and narrow-cusped teeth. They have 2 dorsal fins and no interdorsal ridges.
Food / Feed Strategy: Blacktip reef sharks are fast, pursuit predators that prefer reef fishes, but
also feeds on stingrays, crabs, mantis shrimps and other crustaceans, cephalopods, and other
mollusks.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thuuniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=90
Title: Marine / saltwater fish Species #: 5
Common Name: Shortfin Mako shark
Scientific Name: Isurus oxyrinchus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chrondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Lamnidae
Geography / Habitat: Mako sharks are found around the world in warm and temperate seas, in the
Pacific from Oregon to Chile, and juvenile makos are common in southern California during the summer months. Life Strategy: Makos represent the largest, fastest most sophisticated species of pelagic shark on
our planet.
Food / Feed Strategy: The makos of today feed on some of the worlds fastest and highly
developed tunas and billfish and are therefore considered apex predators. Makos are also known
to prey on squid, dolphins, porpoises, blue sharks, bonito, sea turtles, and mackerels.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thuuniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=36
Title: Saltwater/ Marine Fishes Species #: 6
Common Name: Arabian carpetshark
Scientific Name: Chiloscyllium arabicum
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Hemiscylliidae
Geography / Habitat: Presently known to live in the "Gulf" between Iran and the Arabian
Peninsula.
Life Strategy: Maximum length about 70 cm, average size between 50 and 60 cm. Probably egg
laying.
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds primarly on invertebrates and small fishes.
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation:
http://www.shark.ch/Database/Search/species.html?sh_id=1148
ly
4 x 3 inches
Title: Saltwater/ Marine fish Species #: 7
Common Name: White Tip Reef Shark
Scientific Name: Triaenodon obesus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: This species is found all across the Indo-Pacific region. It is found
almost exclusively in coral reef habitats along the coral heads and ledges. Sometimes they can be
seen near sandy flats, in lagoons, or near deep drop offs. The preferred depth is 8 to 40 meters
(26 to 130ft) making this a shallow swimmer.
Life Strategy: Females give birth to 1 to 6 pups at a time and pregnancy lasts for 10 to 13
months. The Whitetip Reef is a very social fish. They often lay on the ground in large groups.
Food / Feed Strategy: Since this is a slow species compared to others, they prefer to hunt at
night when most sea animals are sleeping. They prefer eels, crustaceans, octopus, lobsters, and
crabs.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform
Mouth Position: Subtermina
Citation: http://www.the-shark-side-of-life.com/whitetip-reef-shark.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitetip_reef_shark
Title: Marine / saltwater fish Species #: 8
Common Name: Burmese bamboo shark
Scientific Name: Chiloscyllium burmensis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Hemiscyliidae
Geography / Habitat: is an extremely rare bamboo shark in the family Hemiscylliidae. Only
one single specimen is known to science. It was caught 1963 off the coast from Rangoon in
Burma in a depth of 29 – 33 m. This holotype is an adult male, 57 cm long and kept in the
National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.
Life Strategy: No color pattern. Dorsal fin has straight rear margins. Reproduction is presumed
to be oviparous (egg laying).
Food / Feed Strategy: Small bony fish or invertebrates
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_bamboo_shark
Title: Marine / saltwater fish Species #: 9
Common Name: longfin Mako shark
Scientific Name: Isurus paucus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chrondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Lamnidae
Geography / Habitat: Longfin mako sharks, Isurus paucus, are found in tropical to warm
temperate seas, but records are spotty due in part to their confusion with shortfin makos.
Life Strategy: Makos represent the largest, fastest most sophisticated species of pelagic shark on
our planet.
Food / Feed Strategy: The makos of today feed on some of the worlds fastest and highly
developed tunas and billfish and are therefore considered apex predators. Makos are also known
to prey on squid, dolphins, porpoises, blue sharks, bonito, sea turtles, and mackerels.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thuuniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=1538
Title: marine / saltwater fishes Species #: 10
Common Name: brownbanded bamboo shark
Scientific Name: Chiloscyllium punctatum
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Hemiscyliidae
Geography / Habitat: found in the Indo-West Pacific from Japan to northern Australia,
between latitudes 34° N and 26° S, to depths of 85 metres (279 ft).
Life Strategy: The major threats to these sharks are the loss of their habitat, pollution, and
hunting (both for aquarium trade as well as food). Reproduction is oviparous.
Food / Feed Strategy: their diet includes fresh shrimp, scallop, squid, and marine fish.
ody Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiloscyllium_punctatum
Title: Marine / saltwater fishes Species #: 11
Common Name: white spotted bamboo shark
Scientific Name: Chiloscyllium plagiosum
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Hemiscyliidae
Geography / Habitat: These sharks are found on coral reefs of the Pacific Ocean. They are
common in the coastal areas of Indonesia and surrounding waters, but the species' range extends
from Japan to India
Life Strategy: Whitespotted bamboo sharks are oviparous (egg laying). The eggs are
approximately five inches long and hatch after 14 or 15 weeks.
Food / Feed Strategy: These sharks feed at night, preying on small fish and invertebrates. They
have small teeth that can be used for grasping or crushing prey.
body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpet_shark
Title: marine/saltwater fishes Species #: 12
Common Name: slender bamboo shark
Scientific Name: Chiloscyllium indicum
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: hemiscylliidae
Geography / Habitat: inshore bottom duelling shark. Found on sandy and muddy bottoms of
coastal waters. Probably feed on small bottom dwelling invertebrates.
Life Strategy: Reproduction is oviparous (egg laying). It is harmless to humans.
Food / Feed Strategy: small marine animals
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiloscyllium_indicum
Title: marine/ saltwater fishes Species #: 13
Common Name: Winghead shark
Scientific Name: Eusphyra blochii
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Sphyrnidae
Geography / Habitat: They are found in shallow waters of the continental and insular shelves
and the tropical Indo-west Pacific are benthopelagic (i.e., occurring near the bottom or in mid-
waters) and coastal.
Life Strategy: Winghead Sharks are viviparous (live-bearing) with a yolk-sac placenta. This
species is not known to attack people.
Food / Feed Strategy: the diet of the Winghead Shark is not reported, but probably consists of
small fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://eol.org/pages/206682/overview
Title: Marine/saltwater fishes Species #: 14
Common Name: Scalloped bonnethead
Scientific Name: Sphyrna corona
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Sphyrnidae
Geography / Habitat: It is found in tropical and subtropical waters in the eastern Pacific
Ocean, from Mexico to Peru, and possibly as far north as the Gulf of California
Life Strategy: Like other hammerheads, the scalloped bonnethead is viviparous, with
presumably 2 pups per litter. The young are born at 23 cm or above; an adolescent male has been
recorded at 51 cm long, and an adult at 67 cm
Food / Feed Strategy: It feeds on or near the bottom, on mobile crustaceans and molluscs,
cephalopods, echinoderms, and bony fishes
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalloped_bonnethead
Title: Marine / saltwater fishes Species #: 15
Common Name: Whitefin hammerhead
Scientific Name: Sphyrna couardi
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Sphyrnidae
Geography / Habitat: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Congo. Possibly Mediterranean.
Life Strategy: Average size about 200 cm to 250 cm, maximum total length about 300 cm.
Viviparous, with yolksac-placenta (gives birth to live young). 24 to 28 pups per litter. Size at
birth around 30 cm. Males reach sexual maturity between 150 cm to 180 cm, females between
230 cm to 250 cm.
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on fishes and cephalopods.
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.shark.ch/Database/Search/species.html?sh_id=1128
Title: Marine/ saltwater fishes Species #: 16
Common Name: Scoophead
Scientific Name: Sphyrna media
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Sphyrnidae
Geography / Habitat: Scoophead sharks are found in tropical waters in the western Atlantic
Ocean from Panama to Southern Brazil, and in the eastern Pacific Ocean from the Gulf of
California to Ecuador. They live in inshore areas over continental shelves, and typically are
found in shallow areas no deeper than 200 meters, or 656 feet.
Life Strategy: They are viviparous. The pups are thought to be about 1 foot long when born. Females are mature at about 3.2 feet in length, while males mature at about 2.9 feet in length.
Food / Feed Strategy: Scoophead sharks are thought to eat elasmobranchs, cephalopods, and
bony fish.
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://marinelife.about.com/od/Shark-Profiles/p/Scoophead-Shark-Sphyrna-Media.htm
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 17
Common Name: Great Hammerhead
Scientific Name: Sphyrna mokarran
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Sphyrnidae
Geography / Habitat: Great hammerheads are coastal-pelagic, semi-oceanic sharks, found
close inshore and well offshore, over the continental shelves, island terraces, and in passes and
lagoons. They occur widely throughout the world's oceans in depths ranging from 1-300m.
Life Strategy: Great hammerheads are potentially dangerous, though only a few shark attacks
can be attributed to the great hammerhead because of the apparent difficulty of distinguishing the
large hammerhead species involved in attacks. Although they are not targeted directly by
commercial fisheries, hammerheads are a bycatch species of tropical longline and drift net
fisheries with highly valued fins. Great hammerhead meat is sold for human consumption (fresh,
fresh-frozen, dried-salted, and smoked), their liver oil for vitamins, fins for soup, hides for
leather, and carcasses for fishmeal.
Food / Feed Strategy: Great hammerhead sharks prefer to feed on stingrays and other batoids
groupers, and sea catfishes; they also prey on other small bony fishes, crabs, squid, other sharks,
rays, and lobsters. They are known to be cannibalistic but the reasons remain unclear.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=87
Title: Marine/Saltwater Fish Species #: 18
Common Name: Lemon Shark
Scientific Name: Negaprion brevirostris
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: This shark loves the tropical and subtropical waters in coastal areas of
the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. They stay in moderately shallow water, normally going no
deeper than 80 meters (roughly 260 feet). They are often found in shallow waters near coasts and
islands, by coral reefs, mangroves, bays, and sometimes even river mouths.
Life Strategy: This is a very social species. They are often seen in groups and have a structured
hierarchy system based on size and sex. They generally don't show any aggressive behavior with
each other and coordinate in groups for hunting purposes in places the hierarchy is strictly
followed.
Food / Feed Strategy: Because this shark is a bottom dweller, they often track their prey by
churning up the ground for bony fish, rays, crustaceans, and sometimes even seabirds.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.the-shark-side-of-life.com/lemon-shark.html
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 19
Common Name: Zebra Shark
Scientific Name: Stegostoma fasciatum
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Stegostomatidae
Geography / Habitat: They love the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific and are often found at
coral reefs or sandy flats with depths up to 70 meters (230ft). Zebras prefer shallow water with
sufficient places to hide and rest.
Life Strategy: Since they are oviparous, females produce up to 50 egg capsules within a 4
month period. The eggs are fixated onto corals or rocks until the pups hatch. Humans fish for this
shark both for sport and commercially for its flesh, fins, liver oil, as well as fish meal production.
Food / Feed Strategy: This slow swimmer uses an eel-like motion. With small mouths and
strong jaws, they prefer preys like crab, mollusk, small bony fish, and shrimp. Hunts at night.
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://www.the-shark-side-of-life.com/zebra-shark.html
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 20
Common Name: Basking Shark
Scientific Name: Cetorhinus maximus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Cetorhinidae
Geography / Habitat: Basking Sharks have a circumglobal distribution and can be found in
cold to warm temperate waters. They are pelagic sharks that are often seen singly or in groups of
up to 100 feeding at or below the surface.
Life Strategy: they are believed to demonstrate yolk-sac viviparity (eggs are laid in the womb
that hatch internally, the shark then gives birth to live young) with the pups demonstrating
oophagy (developing pups feed on unfertilised eggs).
Food / Feed Strategy: One of only three filter feeding shark species, Basking Sharks feed
passively on zooplankton and are thought to be capable of filtering over 1800 tons of water per
hour.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: tubular
Citation: http://www.baskingsharks.org
Title: Marine/ Saltwater fishes Species #: 21
Common Name: Greenland shark
Scientific Name: Somniosus microcephalus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondicthyes Order: Squaliformes
Family: Somniosidae
Geography / Habitat: native to the waters of the North Atlantic Ocean around Greenland and
Iceland
Life Strategy: This is one of the largest living species of shark, of dimensions comparable to
those of the great white shark. The flesh of a Greenland shark is poisonous. They retain the
developing embryos within their bodies so that they are born alive after an undetermined
gestation period. 10 pups per litter is normal, each initially measuring some 90 cm (35 in) in
length.
Food / Feed Strategy: grey seals and fish
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland_shark
Title: Marine/ Saltwater fishes Species #: 22
Common Name: Pelagic thresher shark
Scientific Name: Alopias pelagicus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Alopiidae
Geography / Habitat: It ranges extensively in the Indo-Pacific, with scattered records from
South Africa, the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea (off Somalia, between Oman and India, and off
Pakistan), to China, southeastern Japan, northwestern Australia, New Caledonia, and Tahiti, to
the Hawaiian Islands, the Gulf of California, and the Galapagos Islands.
Life Strategy: The pelagic thresher is an active, strong swimmer and has been known to leap
clear of the water. The pelagic thresher has never been implicated in an attack on humans.
Food / Feed Strategy: Little information is available on the feeding ecology of the pelagic
thresher. It’s very slender tail and fine dentition suggest an exclusive diet of small, pelagic prey.
Analysis of stomach contents reveal that pelagic threshers feed mainly on barracudinas,
lightfishes, and escolars, all inhabitants of the mesopelagic zone.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagic_thresher
Title: Marine/ Saltwater fishes Species #: 23
Common Name: Indian sand tiger shark
Scientific Name: Carcharias tricuspidatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Odontaspididae
Geography / Habitat: found in the Indian and western Pacific oceans
Life Strategy: Reproduction is ovoviviparous, the embryos feeding on their yolk sac, and other
ova produced by the mother
Food / Feed Strategy: Its diet consists of fish and small sharks
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_sand_tiger
Title: Marine/ Saltwater fishes Species #: 24
Common Name: Bluntnose sixgill shark
Scientific Name: Hexanchus griseus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Hexanchiformes
Family: Hexanchidae
Geography / Habitat: The bluntnose sixgill shark can be seen at depths of 30 m (100 ft) and
shallower during parts of the year in some specific places e.g. Flora Islet, near Hornby Island,
Sightings during shallow evening dives in Whytecliff Park West Vancouver in British Columbia,
in Puget Sound, Monterey Canyon off Monterey, California and in fjords in Norway.
Life Strategy: They are sluggish unless they are hunting prey.
Food / Feed Strategy: Their diet consists of a variety of mollusks, crustaceans, and Agnathans
(hagfish and sea lampreys).
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluntnose_sixgill_shark
Title: Marine/ saltwater fishes Species #: 25
Common Name: Megamouth Shark
Scientific Name: Megachasma pelagios
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chrondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Megachasmidae
Geography / Habitat: it’s a deepwater shark that is found all over the world
Life Strategy: very little is known about this shark because only 54 of them have ever been seen
and very few of them studied.
Food / Feed Strategy: swims with its enormous mouth wide open, filtering water for plankton
and jellyfish
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: tubular
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megamouth_shark
Title: Marine/ saltwater fishes Species #: 26
Common Name: Dusky shark
Scientific Name: Carcharhinus obscurus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: Cape Cod, MA, and Georges Back to FL, including Gulf of Mexico and
Caribbean Sea
Life Strategy: The dusky shark is considered to be potentially dangerous to humans because of
its large size, though little is known of how it behaves towards people underwater. As an apex
predator positioned at the highest level of the trophic web, the dusky shark is generally less
abundant than other sharks that share its range.
Food / Feed Strategy: The dusky shark is a generalist that takes a wide variety of prey from all
levels of the water column, though it favors hunting near the bottom.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dusky_shark
http://na.nefsc.noaa.gov/sharks/species/list.html
Title: Marine/ saltwater fishes Species #: 27
Common Name: Spinner Shark
Scientific Name: Carcharhinus brevipinna
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: Some uncertainty exists in the distribution data for the spinner shark due
to confusion with the blacktip shark. In the western Atlantic Ocean, it occurs from North
Carolina to the northern Gulf of Mexico, including the Bahamas and Cuba, and from southern
Brazil to Argentina.
Life Strategy: The spinner shark is a fast, active swimmer that sometimes forms large schools,
segregated by age and sex. Young individuals prefer cooler water temperatures than adults.
Food / Feed Strategy: Spinner sharks feed primarily on small bony fishes, including
tenpounders, sardines, herring, anchovies, sea catfish, lizardfish, mullets, bluefish, tunas, bonito,
croakers, jacks, mojarras, and tongue-soles. They have also been known to eat stingrays,
cuttlefish, squid, and octopus.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinner_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater Fish Species #: 28
Common Name: Bignose Shark
Scientific Name: Carcharhinus altimus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: Patchy records from around the world indicate the bignose shark
probably has a circumglobal distribution in tropical and subtropical waters. In the Atlantic
Ocean, it occurs from Delaware Bay to Brazil, in the Mediterranean Sea, and off West Africa.
Life Strategy: While large enough to perhaps be dangerous, the bignose shark seldom comes
into contact with humans due to its preference for deep water.
Food / Feed Strategy: The bignose shark feeds mainly on bottom-dwelling bony fishes
(including lizardfishes, croakers, flatfishes, and batfishes), cartilaginous fishes (including
Squalus dogfishes, Holohalaelurus catsharks, Dasyatis stingrays, and chimaeras), and
cephalopods.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bignose_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 29
Common Name: sandbar shark
Scientific Name:
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhininus
Geography / Habitat: native to the Atlantic Ocean and the Indo-Pacific.
Life Strategy: It is one of the biggest coastal sharks in the world, and is closely related to the
dusky shark, the bignose shark, and the bull shark. Natural predators are the tiger sharks, and
rarely great white sharks.
Food / Feed Strategy: The sandbar sharks prey on fish, rays, and crabs.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbar_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 30
Common Name: Frilled Shark
Scientific Name: Chlamydoselachus anguineus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Hexanchiformes
Family: Chlamydoselachidae
Geography / Habitat: a wide but patchy distribution in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This
uncommon species is found over the outer continental shelf and upper continental slope,
generally near the bottom though there is evidence of substantial upward movements.
Life Strategy: Highly specialized for life in the deep sea, the frilled shark has a reduced, poorly
calcified skeleton and an enormous liver filled with low-density lipids, allowing it to maintain its
position in the water column with little effort.
Food / Feed Strategy: fish and squid
Body Form or Style: Anguillform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguillform
Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frilled_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 31
Common Name: Copper shark
Scientific Name: Carcharhinus brachyurus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: The copper shark is the only member of its genus largely found in
temperate rather than tropical waters, in temperatures above 12 °C (54 °F). it is found in various
places all over the world.
Life Strategy: Fast and active, the copper shark may be encountered alone, in pairs, or in loosely
organized schools containing up to hundreds of individuals. Some aggregations seem to form for
reproductive purposes, while others form in response to concentrations of food.
Food / Feed Strategy: The copper shark feeds more towards the bottom of the water column
than the top, consuming cephalopods, including squid (Loligo spp.), cuttlefishes, and octopus;
bony fishes, including gurnards, flatfishes, hakes, catfishes, jacks, Australian salmon, mullets,
sea breams, smelts, tunas, sardines, and anchovies; and cartilaginous fishes, including dogfish
sharks (Squalus spp.), stingrays, skates, electric rays, and sawfishes.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_shark
Title: Marine/saltwater fishes Species #: 32
Common Name: tiger shark
Scientific Name: Galeocerdo cuvier
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: Its behavior is primarily nomadic, but is guided by warmer currents, and
it stays closer to the equator throughout the colder months.
Life Strategy: Females mate once every 3 years. They breed by internal fertilization.
Food / Feed Strategy: The skin of a tiger shark can typically range from blue to light green with
a white or light yellow underbelly. The advantage of this is that when it is hunting for its prey,
when prey looks at the shark from above, the shark will be camouflaged since the water below is
darker. It commonly preys upon fish, crustaceans, mollusks, jellyfishes, dugongs, seabirds,
seasnakes,and marine mammals.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_shark
Title: Marine/saltwater fishes Species #: 33
Common Name: Japanese Sawshark
Scientific Name: Pristiophorus japonicus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Pristiophoriformes
Family: Pristiophoridae
Geography / Habitat: a species of sawshark, family Pristiophoridae, found in the northwest
Pacific Ocean around Japan, Korea, and northern China between latitudes 48°N and 22°N.
Life Strategy: The species is rarely captured, but no information is available to determine
whether it is naturally rare or may have already been depleted. Very little information is
available on this species and it is not possible to assess it beyond Data Deficient at present, but
mortality in fisheries and population trends should be investigated as a priority.
Food / Feed Strategy: typically feeds on fish, squid, shrimp and other crustaceans. Once it
locates its prey, the Japanese sawfish will first use its snout to uncover its prey from the sand and
then kill or maim it with savage slashes of its saw-like snout
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: thunniform
Mouth Position:
Citation: http://www.nywec.com/the-japanese-sawshark-the-samurai-of-the-ocean
http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/161634/0
Title: Marine/saltwater fishes Species #: 34
Common Name: Bahamas sawshark
Scientific Name: Pristiophorus schroederi
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Pristiophoriformes
Family: Pristiophoridae
Geography / Habitat: Western North Atlantic: Bahamas region, between Cuba, Florida and the
Bahamas.
Life Strategy: Its reproduction is ovoviviparous.
Food / Feed Strategy: fish.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: caragiform
Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahamas_sawshark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 35
Common Name: Pacific Angelshark
Scientific Name: Squatina californica
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Squatiniformes
Family: Squatina
Geography / Habitat: Pacific angelsharks are found in cold to warm-temperate waters from the
southeastern corner of Alaska to the Gulf of California, including the entire Baja peninsula, and
are most common off central and southern California. It may also occur from Ecuador to the
southern tip of Chile (see taxonomic uncertainty above).
Life Strategy: Although usually sedate and approachable underwater, Pacific angelsharks are
quick to bite if touched, captured, or otherwise provoked, and can inflict severe lacerations.
Food / Feed Strategy: sedentary ambush predator, the Pacific angelshark feeds mainly on bony
fishes, including kelp bass, croakers, flatfishes, damselfishes, mackerels, and sardines
Body Form or Style: Depressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style:
Mouth Position: Subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_angelshark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 36
Common Name: Horn Shark
Scientific Name: Heterodontus francisci
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Heterodontiformes
Family: heterodontidae
Geography / Habitat: The horn shark inhabits the continental shelf of the eastern Pacific
Ocean, occurring off the coasts of California and Baja California from Monterey Bay southward,
and in the Gulf of California.
Life Strategy: The horn shark is a clumsy, sporadic swimmer that prefers to use its flexible,
muscular pectoral fins to push itself along the bottom. It is usually solitary, though small groups
have been recorded
Food / Feed Strategy: Some 95% of the adult horn shark's diet consists of hard-shelled molluscs
(e.g. bivalves and gastropods), echinoderms (e.g. sea urchins) and crustaceans (e.g. crabs,
shrimp, and isopods).
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 37
Common Name: Port Jackson Shark
Scientific Name: Heterodontus portusjacksoni
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Heterodontiformes
Family: heterodontidae
Geography / Habitat: The Port Jackson shark is endemic to the waters around Australia—it can
be found in southern Australian waters and west of the south central coast of the continent. It is
believed to have originated somewhere off the coast of South Africa
Life Strategy: Male Port Jackson sharks become sexually mature between ages 8 and 10, and
females at 11 through 14. They are oviparous meaning that their eggs, which are laid annually,
are produced in a group, rather than in live birth
Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on hard-shelled mollusks, crustaceans, sea urchins, and fish.
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Jackson_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater Species #: 38
Common Name: Blind shark
Scientific Name: Brachaelurus waddi
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Brachaeluridae
Geography / Habitat: The range of the blind shark is restricted to the eastern coast of Australia,
from Mooloolaba in southern Queensland to Jervis Bay in New South Wales
Life Strategy: Contrary to its common name, the blind shark has "perfectly adequate" vision.
The blind shark is aplacental viviparous with a possibly annual reproductive cycle.
Food / Feed Strategy: feeds primarily on small invertebrates and bony fishes.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 39
Common Name: Epaulette shark
Scientific Name: Hemiscyllium ocellatum
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Hemiscylliidae
Geography / Habitat: The range of the epaulette shark extends from the southern coast of New
Guinea to the northern coast of Australia, as far south as Sydney.
Life Strategy: As an adaptation for navigating its complex reef environment, the epaulette shark
moves by seemingly walking, bending its body from side-to-side and pushing off of the substrate
with its paddle-shaped pectoral and pelvic fins. The shark only swims to escape from a threat,
and then not very far.
Food / Feed Strategy: The epaulette shark is an opportunistic predator of benthic crustaceans,
worms, and small bony fishes.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epaulette_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 40
Common Name: Crocodile shark
Scientific Name: Pseudocarcharias kamoharai
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chrondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes
Family: Pseudocarchariidae
Geography / Habitat: The crocodile shark is almost circumtropical in distribution.
Life Strategy: With a long body, small fins, and large liver rich in squalene and other low-
density lipids, the crocodile shark is convergently similar to mesopelagic dogfish sharks such as
the cookiecutter shark (Isistius brasiliensis).
Food / Feed Strategy: Eats pelagic bony fishes, squid and shrimp.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: wikipedia
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 41
Common Name: Balloon Shark
Scientific Name: Cephaloscyllium sufflans
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Geography / Habitat: The range of the balloon shark is likely restricted to the waters off the
South African province of KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique. Additional records from the Gulf
of Aden and off Vietnam appear to represent different, yet-undescribed species. This common,
bottom-dwelling shark inhabits the continental shelf and upper continental slope, at depths of
40–600 m (130–2,000 ft).
Life Strategy: Like other members of its genus, the balloon shark is capable of greatly inflating
its stomach with water or air as a defense mechanism
Food / Feed Strategy: The diet of the balloon shark consists mainly of lobsters, shrimps, and
cephalopods, while bony fishes and other elasmobranchs may also be consumed.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: gape-and-suck
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balloon_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 42
Common Name: Hawaiian lanternshark
Scientific Name: Etmopterus villosus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Squatiniformes
Family: Etmopteria
Geography / Habitat: around the Hawaiian islands
Life Strategy: Reproduction is presumed to be ovoviviparous. It is assessed as Least Concern,
but if deepwater fisheries begin to operate within this endemic species’ limited range in the
future, it will need to be reassessed.
Food / Feed Strategy: unknown
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_lanternshark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 43
Common Name: Cookiecutter Shark
Scientific Name: Isistius brasiliensis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Squatiniformes
Family: Dalatiidae
Geography / Habitat: Inhabiting all of the world's major tropical and warm-temperate oceanic
basins, the cookiecutter shark is most common between the latitudes of 20°N and 20°S, where
the surface water temperature is 18–26 °C.
Life Strategy: the cookiecutter shark under Least Concern, as it is widely distributed, has no
commercial value, and is not particularly susceptible to fisheries
Food / Feed Strategy: Virtually every type of medium to large-sized oceanic animal sharing the
habitat of the cookiecutter shark is open to attack: bite scars have been found on cetaceans
(including porpoises, dolphins, beaked whales, sperm whales, and baleen whales), pinnipeds
(including fur seals, leopard seals, and elephant seals), dugongs, sharks (including blue sharks,
goblin sharks, and megamouth sharks), deepwater stingrays, and bony fishes (including
billfishes, tunas, dolphinfishes, jacks, escolars, opahs, and pomfrets)
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookiecutter_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 44
Common Name: Dark shyshark
Scientific Name: Haploblepharus pictus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Geography / Habitat: The range of the dark shyshark is restricted to the coastal waters of
southern Africa, from north of Lüderitz in southern Namibia to east of the Storms River mouth in
the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It is abundant, particularly west of Cape Agulhas
Life Strategy: Like other members of its genus, the dark shyshark is oviparous; adult females
have a single functional ovary and two functional oviducts. Eggs in nature typically hatch in 6–
10 months, with the newly hatched shark measuring 10–12 cm (3.9–4.7 in) long.
Food / Feed Strategy: The dark shyshark is a generalist predator whose main food sources are,
in descending order of importance, small benthic crustaceans, bony fishes, and molluscs.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_shyshark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 45
Common Name: Cloudy catshark
Scientific Name: Scyliorhinus torazame
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Geography / Habitat: The cloudy catshark is common in the northwestern Pacific off Japan,
Korea, China, and possibly the Philippines.
Life Strategy: It is oviparous, with females laying encapsulated eggs two at a time in nursery
areas.
Food / Feed Strategy: The diet of the cloudy catshark consists of molluscs, crustaceans, and
bony fishes.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcaraningiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudy_catshark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fish Species #: 46
Common Name: Grey sharpnose shark
Scientific Name: Rhizoprionodon oligolinx
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Geography / Habitat: found in the tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific Oceans between
latitudes 30° N and 18° S, from the surface to 36 m.
Life Strategy: It is considered harmless to people. It is eaten by people. is a requiem shark of the
family Carcharhinidae
Food / Feed Strategy: The diet of the grey sharpnose shark consists of crustaceans, fishes, and
cephalopods.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_sharpnose_shark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 47
Common Name: Izak catshark
Scientific Name: Holohalaelurus regani
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Geography / Habitat: common off South Africa and southern Namibia.
Life Strategy: The Izak catshark is oviparous and reproduction proceeds throughout the year
without seasonal patterns.
Food / Feed Strategy: the Izak catshark feeds mainly on a diverse array of bony fishes,
crustaceans, and cephalopods.
Body Form or Style: fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: thunniform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izak_catshark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 48
Common Name: Gecko Shark
Scientific Name: Galeus eastmani
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Geography / Habitat: The range of the gecko catshark extends from southern Japan, where it
occurs off the Shizuoka and Mie Prefectures of Honshu and the main islands of Shikoku and
Kyushu, to the East China Sea including Taiwan.
Life Strategy: Schooling in nature, the gecko catshark feeds opportunistically on a wide variety
of bony fishes (including lanternfish), cephalopods (including sepiolid and enoploteuthid squid),
and crustaceans (including isopods, amphipods, krill, and decapods
Food / Feed Strategy: bony fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcaraningiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gecko_catshark
Title: Marine/Saltwater fishes Species #: 49
Common Name: Mouse catshark
Scientific Name: Galeus murinus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Geography / Habitat: Fairly common, the mouse catshark has recently been found to be more
widespread in the northeastern Atlantic than previously thought, occurring from western Iceland
and the Faroe Islands to the Hebrides, Scotland, and Ireland, to as far south as France and
Western Sahara.
Life Strategy: Probably not exceeding 49 cm (19 in) long, the mouse catshark has a uniformly
brown body and is characterized by large, rounded pelvic fins and crests of enlarged dermal
denticles along both the dorsal and ventral caudal fin margins. In addition, in adult males the
inner margins of the pelvic fins are merged into an "apron".
Food / Feed Strategy: It preys mainly on benthic crustaceans, bony fishes, and cephalopods
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcaraningiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_catshark
Title: Marine/ Saltwater fishes Species #: 50
Common Name: Argentine angelshark
Scientific Name: Squatina argentina
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Squadiniformes
Family: Squatinidae
Geography / Habitat: Subtropical; continental shelf and upper slope, demersal, marine. Found
50 – 320 m (usually 100 – 400 m) down.
Life Strategy: Are ovoviviparous, birth about 7 to 11 pups per litter
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on demersal fishes, shrimp, and squid.
Body Form or Style: Depressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: subcaraningiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentine_angelshark
Title: fresh water fishes Species #:51
Common Name: blue catfish
Scientific Name: Ictalurus Furcatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Siluriformes
Family: Ictaluridae
Geography / Habitat: Blue catfish are a warm-water fish found primarily in large rivers and
lakes. They are native in the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers and their large tributaries.
Life Strategy: Blue catfish spawn in late spring or early summer when water temperatures first
reach 70 to 75 F. Males choose a nest site in or under hollow logs or large holes under the bank.
The nest is then guarded by the male until the eggs hatch.
Food / Feed Strategy: Primarily feeds on other fish but will eat a wide variety of items.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.castawaylakes.com/CatfishSpecies.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_catfish
Title: Freshwater fishes Species #: 52
Common Name: Channel catfish
Scientific Name: Ictalurus Punctatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Siluriformes
Family: Ictaluridae
Geography / Habitat: Channel catfish are native to Ohio and are found throughout Ohio in
large streams, rivers, and lakes. Channel catfish prefer areas with deep water, clean gravel or
boulder substrates and low to moderate current. However, they are tolerant of a wide range of
conditions.
Life Strategy: Typically 15-25 inches, can reach over 40 inches. Usually weighs 2-10 pounds,
can reach over 50 pounds
Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivorous and will eat a wide variety of items including insect
larvae, crayfish, mollusks, fish (dead or alive), and even some types of fruits and berries.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.castawaylakes.com/CatfishSpecies.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_catfish
Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 53
Common Name: Flathead Catfish
Scientific Name: Pylodictis Olivaris
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Siluriformes
Family: Ictaluridae
Geography / Habitat: They are found in large rivers in Ohio and are most abundant in the
Maumee, Muskingum, Scioto, and Ohio Rivers. They can also be found in most of the larger
reservoirs in the state.
Life Strategy: Typically 20-40 inches, can reach nearly 60 inches. Usually weighs 10-40
pounds, and may reach weights well in excess of 100 pounds.
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds almost entirely on live fish..
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flathead_catfish
http://www.castawaylakes.com/CatfishSpecies.html
Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 54
Common Name: Yellow Fin Bream
Scientific Name: Acanthopagrus australis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: perciformes
Family: sparidae
Geography / Habitat: Found along the east coast of Australia, commonly from Townsville,
south to the Gippsland Lakes, with individuals being reported from Cairns and even Cooktown.
Life Strategy: can grow to 4.4 kg
Food / Feed Strategy: Yellowfin bream are a forage species that feed on anything from live
minnow, through to crustaceans, worms and even algal growth.
Body Form or Style: Compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowfin_Bream
http://bream.com.au/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=55
Title: Freshwater fish Species #: 55
Common Name: Black Bream
Scientific Name: Acanthopagrus butcheri
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: perciformes
Family: sparidae
Geography / Habitat: Black bream are found from Myall Lakes in NSW, south around the Great
Australian Bight to Shark Bay in Western Australia. The species is also distributed throughout Tasmania.
The habitat of black bream is quite diverse. The species can be found from fresh water to the ocean, but is
most common in tidal estuaries. Often associated with hard structure, black bream are also common near
weed beds and sand flats.
Life Strategy: grows up to 3.5 kg
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds extensively on shellfish, invertebrates and crustaceans, but does
take baitfish in certain situations.
Body Form or Style: Fusiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://bream.com.au/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=55
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_black_bream
Title: Fresh Water Fish Species #: 56
Common Name: Brook Trout
Scientific Name: Salvelinus fontinalis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Salmoiformes
Family: Salmoidae
Geography / Habitat: The brook trout inhabits small streams, creeks, lakes, and spring ponds.
Some brook trout, referred to as sea-run brook trout, are anadromous. Brook trout are native to a
wide area of eastern North America, but increasingly confined to higher elevations southward in
the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia, Canada from the Hudson Bay basin east, the
Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence system, and the upper Mississippi River drainage as far west as
eastern Iowa.
Life Strategy: lengths vary from 25 to 65 cm weights vary from 0.3 to 3.0 kg
Food / Feed Strategy: Brook trout feed on many water and land insects, crustaceans, fish and
even some aquatic mammals, such as voles.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brook_trout http://www.streamexplorers.org/fish-
facts/trout-and-salmon-species/brook-trout
Title: Fresh Water Fishes Species #: 57
Common Name: Rainbow Trout
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus mykiss
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Salmoiformes
Family: Salmoidae
Geography / Habitat: Rainbow trout are native to the rivers and lakes of the west coast and
northern United States. They can also be found in the central and eastern areas of the country,
southern Alaska and as far south as Mexico.
Life Strategy: Like all trout, rainbows seek out water with trees, and shoreline cover that
provide shade and places for fish to hide.
Food / Feed Strategy: A natural predator, rainbows eat smaller fish almost from birth. Rainbow
trout enjoy a varied diet of crayfish, crustaceans and sometimes plankton. They also feed on
insects such as mayflies, caddis flies, and stoneflies.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.streamexplorers.org/fish-facts/trout-and-salmon-species/rainbow-
trout
Title: Fresh Water Fishes Species #: 58
Common Name: Apache Trout
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus apache
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Salmoiformes
Family: Salmoidae
Geography / Habitat: the streams of the White Mountains of Arizona and you’ll likely find the
Apache trout.
Life Strategy: The White Mountain Apache tribe considers the freshwater animal sacred, and
protected the species with their conservation efforts. The Apache trout is the Arizona state fish.
Food / Feed Strategy: feeds on insects, small fish and zooplankton.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.streamexplorers.org/fish-facts/trout-and-salmon-species/apache-trout
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_trout
Title: Fresh Water Fish Species #: 59
Common Name: Golden Trout
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Salmoiformes
Family: Salmoidae
Geography / Habitat: You will find the colorful golden trout in the small streams of the Kern
Plateau and in the Kern River of California.
Life Strategy: A special characteristic of golden trout is that they are one of the few trout to
keep the dark oval-shaped parr marks that appear along the sides of their bodies throughout their
lifetimes.
Food / Feed Strategy: They eat smaller fish, and if possible, algae.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_do_golden_trout_eat
http://www.streamexplorers.org/fish-facts/trout-and-salmon-species/golden-trout
Title: Fresh Water Fishes Species #: 60
Common Name: Red Band Trout
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus mykiss
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Salmoiformes
Family: Salmoidae
Geography / Habitat: Redband trout dwell in the waterways of Montana, Washington, Idaho,
Oregon, California and Nevada
Life Strategy: The Redband trout evolved in a harsh, high desert habitat and can endure higher
water temperatures that other fish cannot. Though very adaptable, redband trout continue to
disappear because of destroyed habitats and competition from other kinds of fish.
Food / Feed Strategy: As with other trout, they feed on insects, crustaceans, and forage fish
depending on their size.
Body Form or Style: Sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.streamexplorers.org/fish-facts/trout-and-salmon-species/redband-
trout http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redband_trout
Title: fresh water fish Species #:61
Common Name: grass carp
Scientific Name: Ctenopharyngodon idella
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: This species occurs in lakes, ponds, pools and backwaters of large rivers,
preferring large, slow-flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation.
Life Strategy: In the wild, grass carp spawn in fast-moving rivers, and their eggs, which are
slightly heavier than water, develop while drifting downstream, and kept in suspension by
turbulence. The eggs are thought to die if they sink to the bottom.
Food / Feed Strategy: Adults of the species feed primarily on aquatic plants. They feed on
higher aquatic plants and submerged terrestrial vegetation, but may also take detritus, insects,
and other invertebrates.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass_Carp
Title: fresh water fish Species #:62
Common Name: longnose gar
Scientific Name: Lepisosteus osseus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Lepisosteiformes
Family: Lepisosteidae
Geography / Habitat: longnose gar are found in Central America, Cuba, North America, and
the Isles of Pines. Longnose gar are frequently found in freshwater in the eastern half of the
United States.
Life Strategy: There consists of one female to five males per spawning ground. Eggs have a
toxic, adhesive coating helping them stick to substrates and are deposited onto stones in shallow
water, rocky shelves, vegetation, or smallmouth bass nests. Their hatch time is 7-9 days; young
gar stay in vegetation during the first summer of life.
Food / Feed Strategy: The most common prey of the longnose gar is clupeids (herrings and
shads) as well as cyprinids and fundulids; they usually feed at night.
Body Form or Style: sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longnose_gar
Title: fresh water fish Species #: 63
Common Name: spotted gar
Scientific Name: Lepisosteus oculatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Lepisosteiformes
Family: Lepisosteidae
Geography / Habitat: The spotted gar is native to North America and its current range is from
southern Ontario to the west from the Nueces River in Texas east to the Northern coast of the
Gulf of Mexico and southeast to the lower Apalachicola River in Florida.
Life Strategy: Spawning habitat includes floodplains and wetlands with an abundance of aquatic
vegetation. A female can have multiple mating partners and the female is usually larger than the
males they mate with. They lay their eggs on leaves of aquatic plants.
Food / Feed Strategy: Gar move slowly unless trying to catch food, which it grabs in its jaws in
a quick sideways lunge. They often bask near the water's surface on warm days. Fry feed
primarily on insect larvae and tiny crustaceans, but fish appear on the diet of young gar very
early. Prey is usually swallowed headfirst.
Body Form or Style: sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_gar
Title: fresh water fish Species #:64
Common Name: Florida Gar
Scientific Name: Lepisosteus platyrhincus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Lepisosteiformes
Family: Lepisosteidae
Geography / Habitat: They can be found in the Ochlockonee River and waters east and in
peninsular Florida in medium to large lowland streams, canals and lakes with muddy or sandy
bottoms near underwater vegetation
Life Strategy: This occurs in late winter and early spring. Groups of both sexes come together in
shallow weedy water where the females discharge their adhesive eggs among the aquatic plants.
Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on many baits such as zooplankton, many smaller fish, and
certain birds.
Body Form or Style: sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_gar
Title: fresh water fish Species #:65
Common Name: yellow bullhead
Scientific Name: Ameiurus natalis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Siluriformes
Family: Ictaluridae
Geography / Habitat: Yellow bullhead range throughout the central and eastern US from
central Texas, north into North Dakota, and east through the Great Lakes region to the east coast.
Life Strategy: Spawning begins in May and June with both sexes participating in nest building.
The nest may be under a log or stone or in a similarly enclosed burrow. The female will lay
2,000 to 7,000 eggs. The eggs hatch within 5 to 10 days.
Food / Feed Strategy: The yellow bullhead is a voracious scavenger typically feeding at night
on a variety of plant and animal material, both live and dead, including small fish, crayfish,
insects, snails, and worms.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_bullhead
Title: fresh water fish Species #:66
Common Name: shadow bass
Scientific Name: Ambloplites ariommus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Centrarchidae
Geography / Habitat: The shadow bass' native range includes the southeastern United States
from the Apalchicola River drainage in Georgia to the lower Mississippi basin in Louisiana. The
shadow bass inhabits small to medium size rivers and streams with permanent water flow and
prefers cool water temperatures.
Life Strategy: The male shadow bass does the nest constructing, the females only obligation is
to pick a suitable males nest and lay her eggs after that she departs. The male bass watches over
the eggs till they hatch 3–5 days later.[
Food / Feed Strategy: diet of shadow bass consist mostly on small invertebrates mainly crayfish
Order Decapoda when small less than three inches after three inches can begin feeding on small
fish species such as darters, madtoms, and minnows.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambloplites_ariommus
Title: fresh water fish Species #:67
Common Name: koi
Scientific Name: Cyprinus carpio haematopterus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: Koi have been accidentally or deliberately released into the wild in every
continent except Antarctica. They quickly revert to the natural coloration of common carp within
a few generations. In many areas, they are considered an invasive species and pests.
Life Strategy: Like most fish, koi reproduce through spawning in which a female lays a vast
number of eggs and one or more males fertilize them. Nurturing the resulting offspring is a tricky
and tedious job, usually done only by professionals.
Food / Feed Strategy: Fish do not have to be fed provided you do not overstock your pond.
They will live off of algae, insects and other miscellaneous food that the environment provides
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koi
Title: fresh water fish Species #:68
Common Name: oscar
Scientific Name: Astronotus ocellatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Geography / Habitat: is native to Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, and French Guiana,
and occurs in the Amazon river basin, along the Amazonas river system.
Life Strategy: Captive oscars may be fed prepared fish food designed for large carnivorous
fish, crayfish, worms, and insects.
Food / Feed Strategy: Oscar fish owners will quickly notice that their Oscars are almost
always ready for a meal. It is recommended that owners don’t succumb to their pets’
begging and pleading at the aquarium glass and ensure that a disciplined feeding schedule
is in place at the outset.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_(fish)
Title: fresh water fish Species #: 69
Common Name: alligator gar
Scientific Name: Atractosteus spatula
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Lepisosteiformes
Family: Lepisosteidae
Geography / Habitat: Alligator Gar are found in the Lower Mississippi River Valley and Gulf
Coast states of the Southern United States and Mexico as far south as Veracruz.
Life Strategy: Though the Alligator Gar prefers slow-moving waters of rivers, bayous, and
oxbows throughout most of the year, it appears to need spring time inundated floodplain fields or
wetland vegetation in order to spawn. Their eggs are very poisonous
Food / Feed Strategy: The Alligator Gar is a relatively passive, solitary fish that lives in fresh
and brackish water bodies in the Southern United States It is carnivorous and feeds by lurking
amongst reeds and other vegetation, ambushing prey.
Body Form or Style: sagittiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alligator_gar#Breeding
Title: fresh water fish Species #:70
Common Name: white bass
Scientific Name: Morone chrysops
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Moronidae
Geography / Habitat: White bass inhabit large reservoirs and rivers. When mating in the spring,
they are more often found in shallow rivers, creeks, and streams. White bass are found in high
densities in the upstream segment of rivers.
Life Strategy:The spawning season for the white bass is mid-March to late May. The optimal
water temperatures are 12 to 20 degrees Celsius. They are known to find their home spawning
ground even if it's moved to a different part of the same lake.
Food / Feed Strategy: White bass are carnivores. They are visual feeders. When not frightened,
they will bite readily at live bait such as worms and minnows. Only the largest fish will feed on
other fish, and as the summer season progresses, there is an overall trend towards eating fewer
fish.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_bass
Title: fresh water fish Species #:71
Common Name: Striped bass
Scientific Name: Morone saxatilis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Moronidae
Geography / Habitat: Striped bass are native to the Atlantic coastline of North America from
the St. Lawrence River into the Gulf of Mexico to approximately Louisiana. They are fish that
migrate between fresh and salt water.
Life Strategy: Spawning takes place in fresh water. They have been successfully adapted to
freshwater habitat, they naturally spend their adult lives in saltwater.
Food / Feed Strategy: Larval striped bass feed on zooplankton, while the diet of juvenile bass
consists of insect larvae, small crustaceans, mayflies, and other larval fish. Adult bass eat almost
any kind of small fish as well as several invertebrates, particularly crabs and squid.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_bass
Title: fresh water fish Species #: 72
Common Name: largemouth bass
Scientific Name: Micropterus salmoides
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Centrarchidae
Geography / Habitat: The largemouth bass has been known to exist in many of the lower 48
states of the U.S. Although it is most popular in the southeastern states, many different varieties
of the largemouth bass can be found in the north and western regions.
Life Strategy: Studies of prey utilization by largemouth show that in weedy waters, bass grow
more slowly due to difficulty in acquiring prey. Less weed cover allows bass to more easily find
and catch prey, but this consists of more open-water baitfish.
Food / Feed Strategy: The juvenile largemouth bass consumes mostly small bait fish, scuds,
small shrimp, and insects. Adults consume smaller fish, snails, crawfish, and snakes.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Largemouth_bass
Title: fresh water fish Species #:73
Common Name: smallmouth bass
Scientific Name: Micropterus dolomieu
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Centrarchidae
Geography / Habitat: is found in clearer water than the largemouth, especially streams, rivers,
and the rocky areas and stumps and also sandy bottoms of lakes and reservoirs. The smallmouth
prefers cooler water temperatures than its cousin the largemouth bass, and may be found in both
still and moving water.
Life Strategy: The female can lay up to 21,100 eggs, which are guarded by the male in his nest.
Food / Feed Strategy: Smallmouth bass are Carnivorous, its diet comprises crayfish, insects,
and smaller fish; the young also feeding on zooplankton.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallmouth_bass
Title: fresh water fish Species #:74
Common Name: Spotted Bass
Scientific Name: Micropterus punctulatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Centrarchidae
Geography / Habitat: It has now been determined that the "Spotted Bass" found in the
Tallapoosa and Coosa Rivers, and their lakes, are a new species, now known as the "Alabama
Bass".
Life Strategy: convenient way to distinguish between a largemouth bass and a spotted bass is by
the size of the mouth. A spotted bass will resemble a largemouth bass in coloration but will have
a smaller mouth.
Food / Feed Strategy: Preferring cool and warm mountain streams and reservoirs with rocky
bottoms, the spotted bass feeds on insects, crustaceans, frogs, annelid worms, and smaller fish.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/huntwild/wild/species/spb/
Title: fresh water fish Species #: 75
Common Name: silver carp
Scientific Name: Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: species of freshwater cyprinid fish, a variety of Asian carp native to north
and northeast Asia. It is cultivated in China. They are usually farmed in polyculture with other
Asian carps, or sometimes Indian carps or other species.
Life Strategy: Mature to breeding at three years old and breed until 10 years old. They live in
rivers and streams, feeding in schools until spawning time then return to bigger water to feed
again.
Food / Feed Strategy: The silver carp is a filter feeder, and possesses a remarkably specialized
apparatus capable of filtering particles as small as 4 micrometers. The gill rakers are fused into a
sponge-like filter, and an epibranchial organ secretes mucus which assists in trapping small
particles.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://oklahomainvasivespecies.okstate.edu/silver_carp.html
Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 76
Common Name: Bubble Eye
Scientific Name: Carassius auratus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: tanks; country of origin is China
Life Strategy: This fish is an egg scatterer during the summer.
Food / Feed Strategy: Bubble Eye Goldfish are omnivores, and will eat live plants for food,
and also vegetables including; Zucchini peas spinach lettuce. Frozen glass worms, blood
worms, brine shrimp and daphnia will also be accepted by the Bubble Eye Goldfish.
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble_Eye
http://www.desktopgoldfish.com/goldfish-types.php?func=fishDetail&fish=Bubble Eye
Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 77
Common Name: Oranda
Scientific Name: Carassius auratus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: tanks
Life Strategy: This fish is an egg scatterer during the summer. Like many of the goldfish strains
with more fully developed fins, the oranda needs very clean water conditions to prevent fin
damage and deterioration.
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivores, and will eat live plants for food
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.desktopgoldfish.com/goldfish-
types.php?func=fishDetail&fish=Oranda http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oranda
Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 78
Common Name: Comet
Scientific Name: Carassius auratus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: tanks; ponds
Life Strategy: This fish is an egg scatterer during the summer. It requires plenty of swimming
room, and can swim exceptionally fast for short periods of time. It can be kept in a pond.
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivores, and will eat live plants for food
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.desktopgoldfish.com/goldfish-types.php?func=fishDetail&fish=Comet
Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 79
Common Name: PomPom
Scientific Name: Carassius auratus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: tanks
Life Strategy: This fish is an egg scatterer during the summer. A fancy goldfish, Pompoms have
bundles of loose fleshy outgrowths on each side of the head, between the nostrils.
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivores
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.desktopgoldfish.com/goldfish-
types.php?func=fishDetail&fish=Pompom
Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 80
Common Name: Fantail
Scientific Name: Carassius auratus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: tanks
Life Strategy: The males will develop white tubercules on the gill covers and leading rays of the
pectoral fins. Egg scatterer during the summer. The fantail can be kept in an outdoor pond all
year round, providing the water is deep enough to ensure a warm layer at the bottom where it can
lie dormant.
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivores
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.desktopgoldfish.com/goldfish-
types.php?func=fishDetail&fish=Fantail
Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 81
Common Name: Lionhead
Scientific Name: Carassius auratus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: tanks
Life Strategy: This fish is an egg scatterer during the summer. Males develop white tubercules
on the gill covers and leading rays of the pectoral fins. The lionhead is best kept in the indoor
aqaurium, where its colorful feautres can be easily seen.
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivores
Body Form or Style: compressiform
Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.desktopgoldfish.com/goldfish-
types.php?func=fishDetail&fish=Pompom
Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 82
Common Name: Akar Betta
Scientific Name: Betta akarensis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Belontiidae
Geography / Habitat: freshwater in temperature range 22-28ºC / 71-82°F; pH 5.5 - 6.8
Origin is Sarawak, Brunei
Life Strategy: small non aggressive fishes, peaceful, no information on breeding
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivores
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/betta/akar.php
Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 83
Common Name: Giant Betta
Scientific Name: Betta anabatoides
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Belontiidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo; freshwater; temperature range 27-
30ºC / 79-86°F; pH 4.0 – 4.8
Life Strategy: Small fish that should not be left alone.
Food / Feed Strategy: Prefers frozen food.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminalCitation:
http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/betta/giant.php
Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 84
Common Name: Browns Betta
Scientific Name: Betta brownorum
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Belontiidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin in Indonesia; Sibu, Matang ; freshwater; temperature 22-26ºC /
70-80°; pH 3.5 - 6.0
Life Strategy: peaceful; prefer large tanks with plenty of plants and silent environment
Food / Feed Strategy: Carnivorous.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/betta/browns.php
Title: Freshwater Fishes Species #: 85
Common Name: Peaceful Betta
Scientific Name: Betta imbellis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Belontiidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin in Malaysia; freshwater; temperature range 24-28ºC / 75-82°; pH
5.5 – 7
Life Strategy: peaceful; needs a lot of long stemmed plants among which they might hide as
they are very shy
Food / Feed Strategy: Betta imbellis (Peaceful Betta) likes live and frozen food.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/betta/browns.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 86
Common Name: Tiger Botia
Scientific Name: Botia helodes
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Asia Mekong, Chao Phraya and Meklong basins; also from the
northern Malay Peninsula.
Life Strategy: Nocturnal. This species is best kept in a well planted slightly dimmed aquarium.
pH 6.0-6.5, temperature 24-30°C / 75-84 ° F
Food / Feed Strategy: Accepts only small living and frozen food.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/tigerbotia.php
Title: Fresh water fishes Species #: 87
Common Name: Reticulated loach
Scientific Name: Botia lohachata
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Nepal
Life Strategy: Primarily nocturnal. This species is best kept in schools in well planted slightly
dimmed aquariums. Non-aggressive.
Food / Feed Strategy: Accepts all kinds of food.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/yoyoloach.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 88
Common Name: Skunk Botia
Scientific Name: Botia morleti
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Asia: Mekong, Chao Phraya and Meklong basins, and
peninsular Thailand.
Life Strategy: Breeding is Unknown.
Food / Feed Strategy: Usually accepts all kinds of food.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/skunkbotia.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 89
Common Name: Chain Loach, Dwarf Loach
Scientific Name: Botia sidthimunki
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Northern India and Thailand.
Life Strategy: Breeding is Unknown. Peaceful.
Food / Feed Strategy: Botia sidthimunki (Dwarf Loach) accepts most foods but Frozen and
Live foods are strongly recommended..
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/skunkbotia.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 90
Common Name: Queen Loach
Scientific Name: Botia dario
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Mountain streams of Bangladesh.
Life Strategy: No captive breeding reports and little or nothing is known about breeding this
species.
Food / Feed Strategy: Will eat most commercial foods but prefers live and frozen foods and in
my experience bloodworms is a particular favorite.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/skunkbotia.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 91
Common Name: Blyth's loach
Scientific Name: Botia berdmorei
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Thailand, Burma.
Life Strategy: Botia berdmorei(Blyth's loach) should only be kept one specimen per tank or
more if spaces and caves are provided, so each fish can stake out a territory.
Food / Feed Strategy: Prefer live and frozen foods and will often only except this at first but
they can soon be trained on to sinking pellets and flakes. But be sure to always include live and
frozen foods in their diet.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/blythsloach.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 92
Common Name: Zebra loach
Scientific Name: Botia striata
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Southern India, Tunga river system.
Life Strategy: Little or nothing is known about the breeding of this fish. No reports of captive
breeding.
Food / Feed Strategy: Will readily except most foods, be sure to provide a varied diet of frozen
and commercially prepared foods.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/zebraloach.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 93
Common Name: Cochu’s Blue Tetra
Scientific Name: Boehlkea fredcochui
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Characins
Family: Charaidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Peru.
Life Strategy: Temperature 22-26°C / 72-79°F; 5.5 – 7.5 Boehlkea fredcochui (Cochu's Blue
Tetra) can be kept in relatively small aquariums. The aquarium tank should be densely planted
with open areas. They prefer a slightly dimmed light and dark bottom substrate.
Food / Feed Strategy: Boehlkea fredcochui (Cochu's Blue Tetra) will accept dry food
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/cochusbluetetra.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 94
Common Name: Black Convict Cichlid
Scientific Name: Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Southern Central America
Life Strategy: Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus is extremely easy to breed and will breed under
almost any conditions. The lay their eggs on a flat surface and guard the eggs and fry. They are
usually very aggressive during the breeding period. A very good fish for anyone how wants to
reed their first fish or their first cichlid.
Food / Feed Strategy: Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus (Black Convict Cichlid) will eat anything you
offer them
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/convict.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 95
Common Name: T-Bar Cichlid
Scientific Name: Cryptoheros sajica
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Central America
Life Strategy: Cryptoheros sajica (T-Bar Cichlid) are easy to breed and they accept just about
any partner so pairing the species is not an issue. This species is in between being a cave or a
substrate breeder and sometimes breeds on flat rocks. They are regardless of breeding behaviors
usually very good parents.
Food / Feed Strategy: Cryptoheros sajica (T-Bar Cichlid) accept most food sources.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/tbarcichlid.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 96
Common Name: Honduran Red Fin
Scientific Name: Cryptoheros sp. 'honduran red point'
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Geography / Habitat: Origin is Central America
Life Strategy: Cryptoheros sp. 'honduran red point' is to breed although not as easy as the black
convict cichlid. The eggs are laid on a flat surface. The female is in charge of guarding the eggs
while the male guards the breeding territory.
Food / Feed Strategy: Cryptoheros sp. 'honduran red point' (Blue Convict cichlid) accepts most
food sources but a diverse diet is essential for this species to retain its colors.
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/redpoint.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 97
Common Name: Northern Snakehead
Scientific Name: Channa argus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Channidae
Geography / Habitat: origin is Russia, China, Korea
Life Strategy: Channa argus (Northern Snakehead) can be breed in ponds. They build large
nests from plant parts. This species can produce up to 15 000 eggs in a spawning. The hatching
period depends on the water temperature. Both parents guard eggs and fry.
Food / Feed Strategy: Channa argus (Northern Snakehead) are predatory and accept most meaty
foods.
• Body Form or Style: Taeniform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/channa/argus.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 98
Common Name: Clown Loach
Scientific Name: Chromobotia macracanthus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cobitidae
Geography / Habitat: Asia. Indonesia
Life Strategy: Channa panaw (Panaw Snakehead) Requires a medium sized aquarium. The
aquarium should be decorated with planted areas as well as open areas for swimming. Provide a
few hiding places. Make sure not to restrict surface access as Channa panaw (Panaw Snakehead)
will suffocate if the can’t reach the surface. The do well in water with low oxygen levels.
Food / Feed Strategy: Will accept all kinds of sinking food. Some clown loaches also learn to
get food on the surface swimming upside down
• Body Form or Style: compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/macracanthus.php
Title: Fresh water fish Species #: 99
Common Name: Panaw Snakehead
Scientific Name: Channa panaw
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: actinopterygii Order: Perciformes
Family: Channidae
Geography / Habitat: origin is Ayeyarwaddy and Sittang River basins, Myanmar Channa
panaw (Panaw Snakehead) Requires a medium sized aquarium. The aquarium should be
decorated with planted areas as well as open areas for swimming. Provide a few hiding places.
Make sure not to restrict surface access as Channa panaw (Panaw Snakehead) will suffocate if
the can’t reach the surface. The do well in water with low oxygen levels.
Life Strategy: Breeding: Unknown.
Food / Feed Strategy: Channa panaw (Panaw Snakehead) should be feed live food.
• Body Form or Style: Taeniform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/channa/panaw.php
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 100
Common Name: Caribbean reef octopus
Scientific Name: Octopus briareus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Octopoda
Family: Octopodidae
Geography / Habitat: Inhabits the reefs, hiding in recesses. This octopus is active during the
night. It can hide in the smallest recesses in coral heads.
Depth: ranges from 5 m down to 30 m.
Life Strategy: The coloring and texture of this octopus is highly variable. When disturbed, it can
be white, but most commonly, the animal is patterned brown with a green background.
Food / Feed Strategy: The Caribbean reef octopus feeds on crabs or shrimp, lobsters,
polychaetes and a variety of fish. It is a nocturnal species which only hunts at night.
• Body Form or Style: Compressiform
• Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform
• Mouth Position: terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_reef_octopus http://species-
identification.org/species.php?species_group=caribbean_diving_guide&menuentry=soorte
n&id=425&tab=beschrijving
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 101
Common Name: Common octopus
Scientific Name: Octopus vulgaris
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Octopoda
Family: Octopodidae
Geography / Habitat: Inhabits the reefs, hiding in recesses. This octopus is on occasions active
during the day, but usually hides. The reef outside its home can be littered with left-overs from
lunch or trinkets it gathered.
Depth: ranges from 3 m down to 30 m.
Life Strategy: The coloring and texture of this octopus is highly variable. When disturbed, it can
be white, but most commonly, the animal is mottled reddish-brown.
Food / Feed Strategy: feeds on crabs or shrimp, lobsters, polychaetes and a variety of fish.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_octopus http://species-
identification.org/species.php?species_group=caribbean_diving_guide&menuentry=soorte
n&id=426&tab=beschrijving
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 102
Common Name: Colossal Squid
Scientific Name: Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Teuthida
Family: Cranchiidae
Geography / Habitat: In the colder waters is where you will find the Colossal Squid. They can
be found along Antarctica, New Zealand, and even some areas of Africa.
Life Strategy: There isn’t much at all known about this type of squid. Therefore it is hard to
guess what their actual behaviors are. It is believed that they are loners in the water and that they
eat large volumes of food daily.
Food / Feed Strategy: Due to their enormous size, the Colossal Squid consumes a big volume of
large fish out there. They are very powerful so they don’t have any trouble capturing and
consuming these large fish.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossal_squid http://www.squid-
world.com/colossal-squid.html
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 103
Common Name: Humboldt Squid
Scientific Name: Dosidicus gigas
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Teuithida
Family: Ommastrephidae
Geography / Habitat: found in the East Pacific Ocean region
Life Strategy: They only get to be about 7 feet long and weigh up to 100 pounds. They grow
extremely fast though so those new offspring can get very large in a matter of months as long as
they have enough food to nourish their bodies.
Food / Feed Strategy: This species of squid generally feeds upon krill and various types of
small fish. They tend to look for food close to the surface of the water even though they spend
most of their time deeper down. They come up at night to feed because that is when they find
their prey to be readily available.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humboldt_squid http://www.squid-
world.com/humboldt-squid.html
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 104
Common Name: Japanese Flying Squid
Scientific Name: Todarodes pacificus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Teuithida
Family: Ommastrephidae
Geography / Habitat: You will find the Japanese Flying Squid in the Northern parts of the
Pacific Ocean. They can be found all the way up the cost too. This includes both China and
Russia. They have also been located along the Bering Straight and into the areas of Alaska and
Canada.
Life Strategy: Reproduction takes place for the Japanese Flying Squid at about the end of their
life.
Food / Feed Strategy: The main food source of the Japanese Flying Squid is a variety of small
fish. They will also consume other types of squid that are out there if food sources are short.
Fishermen have learned to check their nets often too. Otherwise they will discover their catch is
far less because larger squid have consumed the smaller ones in there with them.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_flying_squid http://www.squid-
world.com/japanese-flying-squid.html
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 105
Common Name: Vampire Squid
Scientific Name: Vampyroteuthis infernalis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Vampryromorphida
Family: Vampryroteuthidae
Geography / Habitat: The tend to be living in the tropical waters that are warmer for them to
move around in.
Life Strategy: The name of this particular squid is very different, as is the overall appearance of
it. The black color is distinct enough in itself. The fact that the long arms flow like a black cape
remind many people of a vampire wearing one. The arms have suckers that are hard to see unless
you look up close at one.
Food / Feed Strategy: The jaws of the Vampire Squid are extremely powerful. However,
researchers aren’t fully sure of what all this type of squid consumes. Some theories include a
variety of small invertebrates. They don’t need to eat very much though due to their low
metabolism. It is believed that it only has to feed a few times per week. This is key to their
survival too since it can be difficult at times to find enough food.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://www.squid-world.com/vampire-squid.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire_squid
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 106
Common Name: Southern Blue-Ringed Octopus
Scientific Name: Hapalochlaena maculosa
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Octopoda
Family: Octopodidae
Geography / Habitat: It is most commonly found in tidal rock pools along the south coast of
Australia.
Life Strategy: As an adult, it can grow up to 20 centimetres (8 in) long (top of the mantle to the
tip of the arms) and on average weighs 26 grams (0.9 oz). They are normally a docile species,
Food / Feed Strategy: Fishes, shrimp
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://www.bukisa.com/articles/58277_unique-and-colorful-octopus-and-
cuttlefish http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_blue-ringed_octopus
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 107
Common Name: giant pacific octopus
Scientific Name: Enteroctopus dofleini
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Octopoda
Family: Octopodidae
Geography / Habitat: It can be found in the coastal North Pacific, usually at a depth of around
65 m (215 ft).
Life Strategy: The giant Pacific octopus is considered to be short-lived for an animal of its size,
with lifespans that average only 3-5 years in the wild. To make up for its relatively short life
span, the octopus is extremely prolific.
Food / Feed Strategy: This species of octopus commonly preys upon shrimp, crabs, scallops,
abalone, clams, lobsters, and fish.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_Pacific_Octopus
http://www.bukisa.com/articles/58277_unique-and-colorful-octopus-and-cuttlefish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 108
Common Name: Coconut Octopus
Scientific Name: Amphioctopus marginatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Octopoda
Family: Octopodidae
Geography / Habitat: The coconut octopus is found on sandy bottoms in bays or lagoons. It
frequently buries itself in the sand with only its eyes uncovered.
Life Strategy: displays unusual behaviour, including bipedal walking and gathering and using
coconut shells and seashells for shelter.
Food / Feed Strategy: It commonly preys upon shrimp, crabs, and clams
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconut_octopus
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 109
Common Name: Broadclub cuttlefish
Scientific Name: Sepia latimanus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Sepiida
Family: Sepiidae
Geography / Habitat: The type specimen was collected in New Guinea and is deposited at the
Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris
Life Strategy: The broadclub cuttlefish is the second largest cuttlefish species after Sepia
apama, growing to 50 cm in mantle length and 10 kg in weight
Food / Feed Strategy: It is known to prey on shrimp and prawns
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadclub_Cuttlefish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 110
Common Name: Pfeffer's Flamboyant Cuttlefish
Scientific Name: Metasepia pfefferi
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Sepiida
Family: Sepiidae
Geography / Habitat: a species of cuttlefish occurring in tropical Indo-Pacific waters off
northern Australia, southern New Guinea, as well as numerous islands of the Philippines,
Indonesia and Malaysia.
Life Strategy: Copulation occurs face-to-face, with the male inserting a packet of sperm into a
pouch on the underside of the female's mantle. The female then fertilises her eggs with the
sperm. The eggs are laid singly and placed by the female in crevices or ledges in coral, rock, or
wood.
Food / Feed Strategy: fish
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfeffer%27s_Flamboyant_Cuttlefish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 111
Common Name: Australian Giant Cuttlefish
Scientific Name: Sepia apama
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda Order: Sepiida
Family: Sepiidae
Geography / Habitat: native to the southern coast of Australia, from Brisbane in Queensland to
Shark Bay in Western Australia
Life Strategy: Sepia apama live from two to three years. Breeding takes place with the onset of
the southern winter. Males, which outnumber females 11 to 1, abandon their normal cryptic
colouring and set out to dazzle the females by adopting rapidly changing bright colours and
striking patterns.
Food / Feed Strategy: They are carnivorous, opportunistic and voracious predators who feed
predominantly on crustaceans and fish
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Giant_Cuttlefish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 112
Common Name: Fried Egg Jellyfish
Scientific Name: Phacellophora camtschatica
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Scyphozoa Order: Semaeostomeae
Family: Phacellophoridae
Geography / Habitat: This cool-water species can be found in many parts of the world's oceans
Life Strategy: The life cycle of this jellyfish is well known (Widmer 2006), because it is kept in
culture at the Monterey Bay Aquarium. It alternates between a benthic stage that is attached to
rocks and piers that reproduces asexually and the planktonic stage that reproduces sexually in the
water column; there are both males and females in the plankton.
Food / Feed Strategy: It feeds mostly on smaller jellyfish and other gelatinous zooplankton,
which become ensnared in the tentacles (Strand & Hamner, 1988). Because the sting of this
jellyfish is so weak, many small crustaceans, including larval crabs (Cancer gracilis) and
Amphipoda, regularly ride on its bell and even steal food from its oral arms and tentacles
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fried_Egg_Jellyfish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 113
Common Name:
Scientific Name:
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Scyphozoa Order: Semaeostomeae
Family: Cyaneidae
Geography / Habitat: Similar jellyfish, which may be the same species, are known to inhabit
seas near Australia and New Zealand
Life Strategy: A coldwater species, this jellyfish cannot cope with warmer waters. The jellyfish
are pelagic for most of their lives but tend to settle in shallow, sheltered bays towards the end of
their one-year lifespan. In the open ocean, lion's mane jellyfish act as floating oases for certain
species, such as shrimp, medusafish, butterfish, harvestfish, and juvenile prowfish, providing
both a reliable source of food and protection from predators
Food / Feed Strategy: shrimp, medusafish, butterfish, harvestfish, and juvenile prowfish
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion%27s_mane_jellyfish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 114
Common Name: Moon Jellyfish
Scientific Name: Aurelia aurita
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Scyphozoa Order: Semaeostomeae
Family: Ulmaridae
Geography / Habitat: The species Aurelia aurita is found along the eastern Atlantic coast of
Northern Europe and the western Atlantic coast of North America in New England and Eastern
Canada
Life Strategy: It lives in ocean water temperatures ranging from 6 °C to 31 °C; with optimum
temperatures of 9 °C to 19 °C. A. aurita prefers temperate seas with consistent currents. It has
been found in waters with salinity as low as 6 parts per thousand
Food / Feed Strategy: It feeds by collecting medusae, plankton and mollusks with its tentacles,
and bringing them into its body for digestion
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_jellyfish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 115
Common Name: Sunflower Starfish
Scientific Name: Pycnopodia helianthoides
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Asteroidea Order: Forcipulatida
Family: Asteriidae
Geography / Habitat: Sunflower seastars are common in the northeast Pacific from Alaska to
Southern California and are largest in Puget Sound, British Columbia and Alaska.
Life Strategy: Sunflower seastars can reproduce either asexually through fissiparity or sexually
through broadcast spawning. They also have separate sexes.
Food / Feed Strategy: They are predatory, feeding mostly on sea urchins, clams, snails, and
other small invertebrates.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunflower_starfish
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 116
Common Name: Cloud Sponge
Scientific Name: Aphrocallistes vastus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Porifera
Class: Hexactinellida Order: Hexactinosida
Family: Aphrocallistidae
Geography / Habitat: The cloud sponge is found in the northern Pacific Ocean. Its range
includes Japan, Siberia, the Aleutian Islands and the west coast of North America from Alaska
southwards to California and Mexico
Life Strategy: The cloud sponge is one of several species of glass sponge that form slow
growing reefs in deep water. They provide a substrate that is the basis of a community of
invertebrates and fish.
Food / Feed Strategy: plankton and algea
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_sponge
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 117
Common Name: Blue Lined Chiton
Scientific Name: Tonicella undocaerulea
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Polyplacophora Order: Neoloricata
Family: Lepidochitonidae
Geography / Habitat: The natural range of T. undocaerulea stretches from Kodiak, Alaska to
Point Conception, California. It is commonly found on rocks in low intertidal and shallow
subtidal waters
Life Strategy: The Blue Lined Chiton has a head plate with zigzag white (may be blue when
alive) concentric lines without a dark border. It commonly has bright electric blue stripes and
flecks when alive. The girdle is hairless and brown to red or pink, often with yellow or white
mottling
Food / Feed Strategy: This chiton grazes on corralline algae
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Lined_Chiton
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 118
Common Name: Gumboot Chiton
Scientific Name: Cryptochiton stelleri
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Polyplacophora Order: Neoloricata
Family: Acanthochitonidae
Geography / Habitat: It is found along the shores of the northern Pacific Ocean from Central
California to Alaska, across the Aleutian Islands to the Kamchatka Peninsula and south to Japan
Life Strategy: The gumboot chiton is found clinging to rocks, moving slowly in search of its
diet of algae, scraped off of rocks with its rasp-like retractable radula, covered with rows of
magnetite-tipped teeth.
Food / Feed Strategy: Algae
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gumboot_chiton
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 119
Common Name: black-eyed hermit crab
Scientific Name: Pagurus armatus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Polyplacophora Order: Neoloricata
Family: Acanthochitonidae
Geography / Habitat: is a species of hermit crab found in the eastern Pacific Ocean of the
United States and British Columbia, Canada.
Life Strategy: one of the largest species of hermit crab lives on a variety of substrates, being
particularly abundant in sea pen beds, at depths of up to 117 m (384 ft)
Food / Feed Strategy: algae and fish
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackeye_hermit_crab
Title: Saltwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 120
Common Name: Umbrella Crab
Scientific Name: Cryptolithodes sitchensis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda
Family: Lithodidae
Geography / Habitat: coastal regions of the northeastern Pacific Ocean, ranging from Sitka,
Alaska to Point Loma, California
Life Strategy: may be hard to spot due to its rough, rock-like exterior, but is easily caught due to
its slow movements. Found most commonly in the intertidal zone, this species feeds on coralline
algae. The reason for the diverse colorations of its carapace may be camouflage with its
surroundings
Food / Feed Strategy: small fish and algea
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbrella_crab
Title: Freshwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 121
Common Name: Red Swamp Crayfish
Scientific Name: Procambarus clarkii
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Anthropoda
Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda
Family: Cambaridae
Geography / Habitat: The native range of P. clarkii is along the Gulf Coast from northern
Mexico to the Florida panhandle, as well as inland, to southern Illinois and Ohio.
Life Strategy: The burrowing activities of P. clarkii can lead to damage to water courses and to
crops, particularly rice, and its feeding can disrupt native ecosystems. It may out-compete the
native crayfish species, and is a vector for the crayfish plague fungus Aphanomyces astaci, for
crayfish virus vibriosis, and a number of worms parasitic on vertebrates.
Food / Feed Strategy: worms.
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procambarus_clarkii
Title: Freshwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 122
Common Name: Marble Crayfish
Scientific Name: Procambarus fallax
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Anthropoda
Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda
Family: Cambaridae
Geography / Habitat: They have since been introduced into natural ecosystems on three
continents. They have been found in the wild in Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Madagascar,
and Japan, probably through release or escape from aquaria.
Life Strategy: Marmorkrebs have caused concern as a potential invasive species[2]
because only
a single individual is needed to establish a new population, and they can reproduce at high rates.
Food / Feed Strategy: fish
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procambarus_sp._Marmorkrebs
Title: Freshwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 123
Common Name: Dwarf Cray Fish
Scientific Name: Cambarellus patzcuarensis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Anthropoda
Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda
Family: Cambaridae
Geography / Habitat: Mexico.
Life Strategy: listed as an endangered species
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivore
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambarellus_patzcuarensis
Title: Freshwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 124
Common Name: signal crayfish
Scientific Name: Pacifastacus leniusculus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Anthropoda
Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda
Family: Cambaridae
Geography / Habitat: is a North American species of crayfish.
Life Strategy: The life cycle of the signal crayfish is typical for the family Astacidae. Around
200–400 eggs are laid after mating in the autumn, and are carried under the female's tail until
they are ready to hatch the following spring.[2]
The eggs hatch into juveniles, which pass through
three moults before leaving their mother. Sexual maturity is reached after two to three years, and
the life span can be up to 20 years
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivore
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacifastacus_leniusculus
Title: Freshwater fish Invertebrate Species #: 125
Common Name: ninja shrimp
Scientific Name: Caridina serratirostris
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Anthropoda
Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda
Family: Cambaridae
Geography / Habitat: a species of freshwater shrimp that lives in the Indo-west Pacific region,
from Madagascar to Fiji
Life Strategy: its ability to quickly change color and disappear into its surroundings
Food / Feed Strategy: omnivore
• Body Form or Style: N/A
• Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A
• Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caridina_serratirostris