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Stages of Development

&Implementation of MIS

Presented by

Harshad More

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Contents

MIS.Objectives.

Nolan stage model.

ToolsSystem Analysis & Design.

Implementation of MIS.

Issues in Implementation.

Problems in Implementation.

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Management Information System

A SystemIt combines human and computer based resources.

To provide information to managers.

To make timely and effective decisions. MIS USES

Hardware and Software.

Manual Procedures.Decision Models.

A database.

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Objectives

To provide accurate informationTo provide timely information

To provide the right information

To provide this information in the right format

To provide this information to the right people

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Nolan Stage Model

Initiation Stage-To meet basic organisational needs.

Decentralised Control.

Specific data processing activity.Improvement in productivity.

Expansion stage-

Realise the advantages of computer.

Proliferation of applications.

Users superficially enthusiastic about using data processing.

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Contd

Rapid growth of computer use throughout the organisation's functionalareas.

Rapid growth of budgets.

Formalisation Stage

No reduction in computer use.

To give direction to the computerisation.

To apply cost-effective criteria.

Integrate computerisation with overall goals and objectives.

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Contd

Maturity Stage-

Alignment of information system to organisation goal and objectives.

Establishment of control procedures.Linking of computerisation to the organisation plan and policies.

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Tools

Prototyping toolRough & Ready model input given by users.

Powerful tool in designing, developing & implementing MIS.

Satisfy user requirements in system.

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Contd C

ASE Tool-Combine Hardware &Software.

Provide a soft engineering database.

Regardless of the Operating System &Hardware.

Develop system itself Design finalised.

Perform the coding, compiling & Testing Sub system.

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Requirement Gathering

Interaction

Quick Design

Building Prototype

Customer Evaluation

Refining Prototype

Engineering Product

End

Roger S Pressman

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System Analysis

To study existing systems within the organisation. Why System Analysis is carried out

To prepare alternatives & cost benefit analysis.

To assist the user in selecting the appropriate alternative.

To prepare a frame work for the proposed solution.

Problems-

Non availability of use communication tools.

Imprecise & verbose description of existing procedures.

Overuse of jargon, both by users & MIS designers.

Lack of a conceptual model of the system.

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Contd

Advantage of structured approach-Development in an orderly fashion.

Improvement in communication between user & developer.

Involvement of the user in all phases of design & development.

Reduction in overall project cost.

Development of easy to maintain systems.

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System Design

Development of new system to replace existing system.It helps to improve the profitability of the organisation.

Design Process-

Starts after the system analysis stage is completed. Before Implementation-

Technical Feasibility.

Economic Feasibility.Operational Feasibility.

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Implementation of MIS

Activities-Acquisition of hardware, software & operating system.

Auditing system to ensure quality.

Development & Testing.Reviews with actual users.

Fine tuning of software to incorporate user needs.

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Issues in Implementation

Unfreezing-All entities in the existing system must be convinced and agreed.

Change-

Analysis design development & implementationIt is typically a period of confusion.

Reduced state of efficiency.

Coaching, counseling or psychological. Re-freezing-

Become part of the organisation culture.

Transitional state to a stable and productive state.

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Problems in Implementation

Problems due to users - Lacks ofCommitment, Motivation,

Training

Solution-

Staff Training.

User Training.

Staff feedback session.

Management commitment Sessions.

Problems due to designer Resource limitation.

Non-Availability of tools.

limitation in system design.

Solution-

Improving technological inputs.

Improving & reformatting design. Seeking alternative resources.

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You must be capable of changing and

rearranging your priorities so that your finalgoal can be achieved.

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