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MANAGINGFLOOD PROBLEMS

IN MALAYSIA

AINUN BARIAH BINTI JAAFARPISMP MATHEMATIC JANUARY 2012

ENGLISH FOR UNDERGRADUATE (ELE 3101)

IPG KAMPUS PEREMPUAN MELAYU

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What is Flood?

An overflowing of a large amount ofwater beyond its normal confines,especially over what is normally dry land

(The Oxford English Dictionary)

A high level of water which overtops

either a natural or an artificialriverbank, or rises above normal levelsor sea defences in coastal enviroments

(The Oxford Companion to the Earth)

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Flood Prone Area in Malaysia

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Main Causes ofFlooding inMalaysia

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1) Torrential rain

2) Monsoon rain

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3) Loss of floodstorage as a result of

development

4) Urbanisation increasesurface runoff

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5) Inadequateriver capacity

6) Inadequate

drainage systemsor failure of

localised drainage

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How to controlflooding?

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STRUCTURAL

MEASURES (ENGINEERINGSOLUTIONS) 

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Constructed to retainflood water in orderto protect areasdownstream of the

dams. Dams constructed for

hydroelectricpurposes also have a

portion of theircapacity allocated forflood detention.

1) Flood Control Dams

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2) Canalisation And Related Works

Widening anddeepening ofchannels

Replacement ofundersizedstructures such as

bridges.

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3) Flood Diversion Channel Or Tunnel

The SMART system,

Alleviate flooding in thecity centre by divertinglarge volumes of floodwater from entering thecity centre.

The tunnel is designed to

incorporate a stormwaterchannel and a motorwayfor dual purposes.

Expected to ease traffic

congestion.

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NON-STRUCTURAL

MEASURES (NON-ENGINEERING

SOLUTIONS) 

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Integrated River Basin Management(IRBM)

 – Whole river basin isplanned in an integratedmanner and all factors

are taken intoconsideration when Acertain development planis proposed

 – Implemented startingfrom the 8th malaysiaplan

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Preparation Of Guidelines And

Design Standards – Urban Stormwater

Management Manual(MASMA) has been

published by Department ofIrrigation and DrainageMalaysia (DID)

 – provides control-atsourcemeasures and

recommendations on floodfighting

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Resettlement Of Population

Reduce damagepotential as well asloss of life in flood-

prone areas

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Flood Forecasting And Warning System

practical and low-cost measure to minimise flood losses

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QUESTIONS

1) What factors contribute to flood? 

2) What are the consequences of flood?

3) How do we manage flood risks?

4) As a man who cares, what steps would you take to reduce this flood problem?

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Chia Chong Wing. (2008). Feature: Managing Flood Problems In Malaysia. Buletin Ingenieur: Ministry ofNatural Resources & Environment.

Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment. (2013).Retrieve on 10 March 2013http://www.nre.gov.my/english/Pages/defaultNRE.aspx 

Queensland Government. (2013). Understanding floods: 

questions and answers. Retrieve on 12 March 2013http://www.chiefscientist.qld.gov.au/publications/understanding-floods.aspx