Maneouvering Booklet Sample

24.04.03 Ro-Ro Passengers Ferry "LOBO MARINHO" Manoeuvring booklet 1

MANOEUVRING BOOKLETRO-RO PASSENGERS

FERRY "LOBO MARINHO"

SAINT-PETERSBURG

MARINE BRIDGE & NAVIGATION SYSTEMS2003


CONTENTS

General ........................................................................................................................ 3Source materials and references............................................................................ 4Pilot Card information............................................................................................. 5PILOT CARD.......................................................................................................... 6Wheelhouse Poster Information ............................................................................. 7Detailed Information on manoeuvring..................................................................... 8

1. General Description .................................................................................................. 9 1.1. Vessel’s Particulars .............................................................................................. 9 1.2. Characteristics of Main Engine ............................................................................. 11 2. Manoeuvring Characteristics in Deep Water............................................................ 12 2.1. Course Change Performance ............................................................................... 12 2.1.1. Turning Circles in Ballast Condition ................................................................... 12 2.1.2. Turning Circles in Load Condition...................................................................... 13 2.1.3. Acceleration Turn in Ballast Condition ............................................................... 14 2.1.4. Accelerating Turn in Load Condition.................................................................. 15 2.2. Yaw Checking Tests ............................................................................................. 16 2.2.1. Zig- zag 10-10 and pull-out manoeuvre in ballast condition............................... 16 2.2.2. Zig- zag 20-20 and pull-out manoeuvre in ballast condition............................... 16 2.2.3. Zig- zag 10-10 and pull-out manoeuvre in load condition .................................. 17 2.2.4. Zig -zag 20-20 and pull-out manoeuvre in load condition .................................. 17 2.3. “Man overboard” manoeuvres............................................................................... 18 2.3.1. “Man overboard” manoeuvre (230°) in ballast condition .................................... 18 2.3.2. “Man overboard” manoeuvre (230°) in load condition........................................ 18 2.3.3. “Parallel course” manoeuvre in ballast condition ............................................... 20 2.3.4. “Parallel course” manoeuvre in load condition ................................................... 21 3. Stopping and acceleration in dep water ................................................................... 22 3.1. Stopping characteristics in ballast condition ......................................................... 22 3.2. Stopping characteristics in load condition ............................................................. 23 3.3. Crash-stop characteristics in ballast condition ...................................................... 24 3.4. Crash-stop characteristics in load condition.......................................................... 25 3.5. Acceleration performance in ballast condition....................................................... 26 3.6. Accelerating performance in load condition .......................................................... 27 4. Manoeuvring characteristics in shallow water.......................................................... 28 4.1. Turning circles in ballast condition ........................................................................ 28 4.2. Squat .................................................................................................................... 29 4.2.1 Maximum squat versus speed ............................................................................ 29 4.2.2 Draught increase versus list................................................................................ 29 5. Manoeuvring characteristics in wind ........................................................................ 30 5.1. Drifting under wind influence................................................................................. 30 6. Emergency manoeuvres.......................................................................................... 31 6.1. Comparative characteristics of emergency manoeuvres in ballast condition ........ 31 6.2. Comparative characteristics of emergency manoeuvres in load condition............ 32 7. Lateral thruster capabilities ...................................................................................... 33 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 34 IMO. Resolution A.601(15). Appendix 1 ...................................................................... 35 Appendix 2................................................................................................................... 36 Appendix 3................................................................................................................... 38


GENERAL

SOLAS-74 Convention requires the manoeuvring information presentation on boardthe ships (Chapter II-I, Regulation 28). Convention recommends the IMO ResolutionA.601(15) adopted on November 20 1987 as a guide on provision and display ofmanoeuvring characteristics information.

In spite of the fact that this IMO Resolution is of recommendation character and canbe applied to ships built after September 1, 1984. IMO in accordance with its usualpractice recommends the Sea Ports Authorities to demand from all ship owners completefulfillment of IMO Resolution A.601(15) on board of all ships.

Some items of IMO Resolutions are used in several countries as the local rules, e.g."Code of Federal Regulation of USA-Navigation and Navigable Waters" which presumethe penalty for its breaking.

In accordance with IMO Resolution A.601(15) “Provision and Display of ManoeuvringInformation on Board Ships” and A.751(18) adopted on November 4, 1993 “InterimStandards for Ship Manoeuvrability” and also Circular letter of Marine Safety CommitteeMSC/Circ.644 adopted on May 25, 1994 “Explanations to Interim Standards for ShipManoeuvrability” ship manoeuvering standards should be estimated on manoeuveringcharacteristics obtained at trails and confirmed by computer calculations based onmathematical modelling. Manoeuvering information should be presented as follows:

- Pilot Card. The Pilot Card to be filled in by master is intended to provide informationto the pilot on boarding the ship. This information should describe the present condition ofthe ship, with regard to its loading, propulsion and manoeuvring equipment, and otherrelevant equipment. The contents of the Pilot Card are available for use without conductingspecial manoeuvring trials.

- Wheelhouse Poster. The Wheelhouse Poster should be permanently displayed inthe wheelhouse. It should contain general particulars and detailed information describingthe manoeuvring characteristics of the ship, and be of such the size to ensure ease of use.The manoeuvring performance of the ship may differ from that shown on the Poster due toenvironmental, hull and loading conditions.

- Manoeuvring Booklet. The Manoeuvring Booklet should be available on board andshould contain comprehensive details of the other relevant data. The Manoeuvring Bookletshould include the information shown on the available manoeuvring information. Most ofthe manoeuvring information in Booklet can be estimated but some should be obtainedfrom trials. The information in the Booklet may be supplemented in the course of the ship'slife.

The Administrations should encourage the provision of manoeuvring information onthe existing ships, and ships that may pose a hazard due to unusual dimensions orcharacteristics.

The manoeuvring information should be amended after modification or conversion ofthe ship, which may after its manoeuvring characteristics or extreme dimensions.

Resolution prescribes both the manoeuvring characteristics to be obtained from trial'sresults and the characteristics that may be estimated (calculated).


SOURCE MATERIALS AND REFERENCES

Manoeuvring characteristics information of Ro-Ro Car and Passengers Ferry "LOBOMARINHO" (Proj.№ P1041A, N.B. 237) are obtained from the sea trials carried outaccording requirements of IMO Resolution A.601(15). The trials were carried out on boardthe Ro-Ro Car and Passengers Ferry " LOBO MARINHO " by the representatives of AO"Marine Bridge and Navigation Systems" (St. Petersburg, Russia) in April of 2003.

Several manoeuvring characteristics were calculated through the mathematicalmodel of the ferry, elaborated in AO MNS. Model was controlled by results ofmeasurements in sea.

Data in the manoeuvring documents are accurate as follows:# time - 1 sec:# distances - 0.01 cables;# speed - 0.1 knot;# dimensions of ship and draught - 0.1 m.

Literature and Documents:• General Arrangement. Design № 041.P.A01• General Information of the ship. Design № 041.P.A01• Power limit curves for controlled pitch propeller operation 8-SK-00220-16M32C• Technical specification of the propeller.

This Manoeuvring Booklet is prepared in AO Marine Bridge and Navigation Systems.

JSC MNS, Promyshlennaya str.19, St.Petersburg, 198099, Russia.Tel: +7 (812) 320-38-40Tel: +7 (812) 186-82-63Tel: +7 (812) 186-37-70Fax: +7 (812) 320-38-48, 186-32-98e-mail: [email protected]


PILOT CARD INFORMATION

The Pilot Card is intended for operative acquainting of pilot with parameters of ship,its condition and features on moment of pilotage.

The sheet of Pilot Card must be filled by master in blank spaces for describing thereal ship conditions prior to the arrival of pilot on board the ship and be handed to pilot assoon as he commences the work. The general information about ship (length, breadth,draught etc.) is duplicated in Pilot Card and pilotage receipt. However, if the pilotagereceipt, is accounting document of pilot about accomplished work and basis for collectionfrom ship of pilotage tax, "The Pilotage card" contains the information about condition ofship in part of loading, engine, propelling agent, rudder devices and other equipment,necessary for its safe pilotage. Captain can in addition indicate in Pilot Card the remarksconcerning to circumstances of pilotage.

This Booklet adduces the sample of Pilot Card. The forms of "Pilot Card", intendedfor copying are applied.


PILOT CARDDate…………….

Ship’s name " LOBO MARINHO " * Call sign …………..Year built 2003

Draught: Forward 4.625 m / 15 ft 2.1 in Midships 4.635 m / 15 ft 2.5 in Aft 4.63 m / 15 ft 2.3 inDisplacement 5089 tones

Actual draught: Fwd . ... m / ... ..ft ... . in Mean ... . m / .. ..ft . ... in Aft ... . m / .. ..ft .. .. in Actual Displacement ................. tones

SHIP'S PARTICULARSLength overall 112.0 m * Anchor chain : Port 9 shacklesBreadth 20.0 m * Starboard 9 shacklesBulbous YES * (1 shackle = 27.5 m / 15.04 fathoms)

Type of engine: DIESEL (Two sets) * Maximum power 2x8000 kW (2x10880 hp)Speed Vaverage, knots Engine orders RPM /PITCH

Loaded, T = 4,9 m Ballast, T = 4,63 mFull sea speed Ahead 750/100 21,5 21,8Full service speed Ahead 750/90 21,2 21,5Full manoeuvring speed Ahead 750/80 20,2 20,5Half speed Ahead 750/50 14,0 14,3Slow speed Ahead 750/30 8,9 9,2Dead Slow speed Ahead 750/20 6,0 6,3Stop 750/0 0,0 0,0Dead Slow speed Astern 750/20Slow speed Astern 750/30Half speed Astern 750/50Full speed Astern 750/100

Maximum number consecutive starts: 6 * No time limit asternFull astern power to 100% full ahead * Full ahead to full astern 40 s

STEERING PARTICULARSTwo balanced rudder, spade type

Hard-over to hard-over - 28 sec (one pump), 14 sec (two pumps)Maximum angle 35° * Rudder angle for neutral effect 0°

CHECKED IF ABOARD AND READY Anchors........................................ * Steering Gear....................................... Whistle......................................... * Indicators : Radar....3 cm................10 cm .... * Rudder................................... ARPA........................................ * R.P.M..................................... Speed Log.................................... * Compass System.................................. Water Speed.......................... * Constant Gyro Error ±.......................... Ground Speed........................ * V H F..................................................... * Elec.Pos.Fix.System.............................. Engine Telegraphs........................ * Type......................................................

OTHER INFORMATION


WHEELHOUSE POSTER INFORMATION

The Wheelhouse Poster includes the required minimum information on ship and isintended for quick acknowledgement with the ship's particulars.

The Wheelhouse Poster must be imposed on the bridge.

Wheelhouse Poster consists of tables and diagrams describing the manoeuvringcharacteristics and additional information. This additional information includes:

- Lay-out of the ship in three projections on which the ship's dimensions, parallel waterline in load and ballast conditions, visual shadow zones are shown.- Information about draft increasing on shallow waters, at list and at heavy sea.- Steering particulars.- Anchors and chains information.- Propulsion particulars.- "Man overboard" manoeuvre diagram.All ship characteristics correspond the time of trials. All data for load condition is

situated in left part of Wheelhouse Poster, for ballast - in right part. The conditions(draughts) of calculations or measurement are mentioned in upper part of poster.

Manoeuvring characteristics are represented as graphs.In the graphs the right turning circles (the left turning circles have not particular difference) are

imposed. The dimensions of ship's symbol on diagrams are equal to real dimensions(L=112,0 m, B=20,0 m) in the scale of diagrams. The rudder angle is equal 35°, initialspeed of the manoeuvre is the speed of the Full Speed Ahead engine order. Shallow waterturning circles were estimated for draft/depth ratio 1.25, rudder angle 35°, initial engineorder Half Speed Ahead.

Initial points of circulation (the moment of command to steer) are used as the pointsof origin of co-ordinates of graphs. The moments of course changing to 90°, 180°, 270°and 360°, ship positions, time and speed are indicated on graphs.

Stopping, crash stop abilities are given as nomograph “Time-speed-distance” built incommon for all graphs scale. Using any of these three you can get the other two. At that itis possible to interpolate data both in every nomograph and for intermediate values ofmanoeuvering initial speed. Stopping ability and crash stop characteristics are representedon the Wheelhouse Poster as table "Stopping characteristics"

The warning in the upper part of table required by the US CODE OF FEDERALREGULATION - NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS § 164.35:

WARNINGThe response of the ship may be different from that indicated above if any of

following conditions, upon which the manoeuvring information is based, are varied: (1) calm weather - wind 10 knots or less;(2) no current;(3) water depth ― 5 ship's draft or greater;(4) clean hull;(5) Intermediate drafts and normal trim.


DETAILED INFORMATION ON MANOEUVRING

This section adds the Wheelhouse Poster information and contains detaileddescription of manoeuvring characteristics according to IMO Resolution A.601(15)requirements.

The IMO Resolution A.751(18) resolution “Interim Standards For ShipManoeuvrability” identify six significant qualities for the evaluation of ship manoeuvringcharacteristics:

- Inherent dynamic stability;- Course-keeping ability;- Initial turning/course changing ability;- Yaw checking ability;- Turning ability;- Stopping ability.

Manoeuvrability characteristics, except circulation, shown in Wheelhouse Poster, arepresented by turning circles with speed acceleration (leaving of anchorage) and zig-zags -10° -10° and -20° -20°

Two manoeuvres "Man overboard" are represented:- "Man overboard " with 230° manoeuvres;- "Man overboard" with "Parallel Course" manoeuvres.

The principles of graphs construction are the same that in the Wheelhouse Poster.Tracks of turning circles are drawn the centre of gravity of the ship.

Stopping, crash stop and acceleration characteristics are shown as graphs ofdependence V=f(t) and S=f(t) with common time axis. Sometimes these graphs are moreconvenient then nomograph “Time-speed-distance” shown in Wheelhouse Poster.

In section 5 Manoeuvring Characteristics in wind two cases of drifting under windinfluence in ballast conditions with the wind force 15 m/s 270° (W) and 15 m/s 230° (SW)are shown.


1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION1.1. SHIP'S PARTICULARS

GeneralShip's type Ro-Ro Car & Passengers Ferry

1153 passengers, 145 carsShips name LOBO MARINHOCall sign …………… Project P1041A, N.B.273Year and place of building

2003, Viana Do Castelo,Portugal, “Estaleiros Navais De Viana Do Castelo S.A."

DisplacementGross tonnage GT 8077 tNet tonnage 2423 tDeadweight DW max 1200 tDisplacement max 5900 t

Main engineNumber of units TwoEngine type Disel, Two ShaftEngine mark MAK 16M32CEngine power output 2х8000 kW (2х10880 hp)Type of homing Gear box

PropellerNumber and type of units Two, 4-blades with controllableArea ratio 0,69Design pitch 29,16°Diameter 3,30 mDirection of rotation Port side: Right, left-hand, Starboard: left-handControllable range -18,8° bis +31,16° (within the mechanical

stops)

RudderNumber and type of units Two, balanced rudder, spade typeNumber and type power units One electro-hydraulic engine,

TELETWIN R2Z 18-35" type Control system Valve control, Two pumps type A2F32Total rudder area 2x6.42 m2

Rudder area ratio 1.0 full load and normal ballastHeight 3.150 m

ThrusterNumber and type of units One lateral thrustert, CT150H (LIPS)Power output 500 kW (680 hp)Location ForwardLength and diameter of the channel 2.4 m; 1.532 m


StabiliserNumber, type of units and manufacture Two fin, Neptune 100, Rolls-RoeysLocation ~ MidshipFin Area 4.76 m2

Maximum working angle 21.5°% Stabilisation 90%

PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS AND COEFFICIENTS

Length overall Lmax 112,0 mLength between perpendiculars Lpp 98.20 mBreadth B 20,0 mHeight of the board H 10,4 mSummer draught T 5,0 mDraught T (maximum normal) 4,9 mNormal ballast draught T 4,6 mHull coefficient at summer draught T=5.0 m 0.565Hull coefficient at ballast draught T=4.6 m 0.546Extreme height of the ship's structure above the keel

28 m

Bow and stern profiles

Bow With bulbousStern Transom type

Other hull particulars

Length of parallel middle body for berthing: 35 m


1.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF MAIN ENGINE

Ship speed corresponding to engine orders

Type of engine: DIESEL (Two sets) * Maximum power 2x8000 кW (2x10880 hp)Speed Vaverage, knotsEngine orders RPM /PITCH

Loaded, T = 4,9 m Ballast, T = 4,63 mFull sea speed Ahead 750/100 21,5 21,8Full speed Ahead 750/90 21,2 21,5Full manoeuvring speed Ahead 750/80 20,2 20,5Half speed Ahead 750/50 14,0 14,3Slow speed Ahead 750/30 8,9 9,2Dead Slow speed Ahead 750/20 6,0 6,3Stop 750/0 0,0 0,0Dead Slow speed Astern 750/20Slow speed Astern 750/30Half speed Astern 750/50Full speed Astern 750/100

* Maximum RPM/PITCH - 750* Minimum RPM/PITCH - 450/3,0* RPM critical zone - below minimum speed (250 RPM)* Maximum number of consecutive starts - 6* No time limit astern * Emergency full ahead to full astern – 40 s* Full astern power is 100% Full ahead power

02468

10121416182022

V, kts

RPM/PITCH

Load T=4.9m

Ballast T=4.63m

750/20 750/30 750/40 750/50 750/60 750/70 750/80 750/90 750/100

246810121416182022


2. MANOEUVRING CHARACTERISTICS IN DEEP WATER2.1 COURSE CHANGE PERFORMANCE

2.1.1 TURNING CIRCLES(Estimated results and trials)

Displacement ∆ = 5089 tDraught forward Tf = 4,625 m; Draught midship Tm = 4,635 m; Draught aft Ta = 4,63 m

Initial speed Vin = 20,5 kts;

Steering gear condition: operation with two pumps

D

02

3

1

2

S, cbl

-0,5

31

L2

L1

S, cbl

δ=35°

δ=15°

Turning circle characteristicsRudder

angler, δ ° AdvanceL1, cbl

Transfer L2 , cbl

Tacticaldiameter D , cbl

Stated turning circlediameter, cbl

15° 2,8 1,5 3,3 3,1235° 1,8 0,78 1,9 1,9

Rudderangle

Time t ( min-s ) / Speed V ( kts )at the moment of the course deflection ∆ CC

δ° ∆CC = 90° ∆ CC= 180° ∆ CC= 270° ∆ CC= 360°15° 1-06 / 18,2 1-55 / 16,3 2-48 / 15,7 3-41 / 15,8 35° 0-44 / 15,0 1-22 / 11,8 2-04 / 11,3 2-44 / 10,9


2.1.2 TURNING CIRCLES(Estimated results)

Estimated ship's condition:Displacement ∆ = 5573 t

Draught forward Tf = 4,9 m; Draught midship Tm = 4,9 m; Draught aft Ta = 4,9 mInitial speed Vin = 20,2 kts;


D

0 2

3

1

2

S, cbl

-0,5

31

L2

L1

S,cbl

δ=35°

δ=15°

Turning circle characteristicsRudder

angler, δ ° AdvanceL1, cbl

Transfer L2 , cbl

Tacticaldiameter D , cbl

Stated turning circlediameter, cbl

15° 2,9 1,38 3,38 3,4035° 1,88 0,9 2,01 2,0

Rudderangle

Time t ( min-s ) / Speed V ( kts )at the moment of the course deflection ∆ CC

δ° ∆CC = 90° ∆ CC= 180° ∆ CC= 270° ∆ CC= 360°15° 1-09 / 17,6 2-05 / 15,9 2-48 / 15,7 3-57 / 15,2 35° 0-49 / 14,7 1-32 / 11,4 2-04 / 10,8 2-58 / 10,3


2.1.2. ACCELERATION TURN (Trial results)



Initial speed, V = 0.0 ktsRudder angle, δ = 35ºAdvance, L1 = 0,85 cblTransfer, L2 = 0,82 cblDiameter, D = 1,60 cbl

1

S, cbl0 1 1,6

t=2'04"V=6.0 kts

t= 3'03"V=8.0 kts

STAND BY – FULL AHEAD – HARD TO STARBOARDS, cbl

DL2

L1

0.5

0.85


2.1.2. ACCELERATION TURN (Estimated results)



Initial speed, V = 0.0 ktsRudder angle, δ = 35ºAdvance, L1 = 0,86 cblTransfer, L2 = 0,83 cblDiameter, D = 1,65 cbl

1

S, cbl0 1 1,65

t=2'09"V=5.7 kts

t= 3'10"V=7.7 kts

STAND BY – FULL AHEAD – HARD TO STARBOARDS, cbl

DL2

L1

0.5

0.86


2.2. YAW CHECKING TESTS

2.2.1. ZIG-ZAG 10 - 10 AND PULL-OUT MANOEUVRE

(Trial results)Displacement ∆ =5089 t

Draught forward Tf = 4,625 m; Draught midship Tm = 4,635 m; Draught aft Ta = 4,63 mRudder angle = + 10°; Course change ∆ KK = 10°


0°

10°

20°

350°

340°

10°

-10°

0°60

Rudder angle, deg

Change of a heading, deg

t, sec

Por

tS

tarb

oard

10 20 30 40 70 80 1009074

First overshoot = 8,8°

Second overshoot = 8,1°

Change of a rudder, deg

2.2.2. ZIG-ZAG 20 - 20 AND PULL-OUT MANOEUVRE (Trial results)

Displacement ∆ = 5089 t Draught forward Tf = 4,625 m; Draught midship Tm = 4,635 m; Draught aft Ta = 4,63 m

Rudder angle = + 20º; Course change ∆ KK = +20ºInitial speed Vin = 20,6 kts;

0°

10°

20°

350°

340°

20°

-20°

0°60

Rudder angle, deg


t, sec

Por

tS

tarb

oard

10 20 30 40 70 80 1009084



330°

320°

30°

40°

5035



2.2. YAW CHECKING TESTS

2.2.1. ZIG-ZAG 10 - 10 AND PULL-OUT MANOEUVRE

(Estimated results)Displacement ∆ =5573 t

Draught forward Tf = 4,9 m; Draught midship Tm = 4,9 m; Draught aft Ta = 4,9 mRudder angle = + 10°; Course change ∆ KK = 10°


0°

10°

20°

350°

340°

10°

-10°

0°60

Rudder angle, deg


t, sec

Por

tS

tarb

oard

10 20 30 40 70 80 1009078




50

2.2.2. ZIG-ZAG 20 - 20 AND PULL-OUT MANOEUVRE (Estimated results)

Displacement ∆ = 5573 t Draught forward Tf = 4,9 m; Draught midship Tm = 4,9 m; Draught aft Ta = 4,9 m

Rudder angle = + 20º; Course change ∆ KK = +20ºInitial speed Vin = 20,2 kts;

0°

10°

20°

350°

340°

20°

-20°

0°60

Rudder angle, degChange of a heading, deg

t, sec

Por

tS

tarb

oard

10 20 30 40 70 80 1009088



330°

320°

30°

40°

5037



2.3. "MAN OVERBOARD" MANOEUVRES

Remember order :MANOEUVRE, LIFEBUOY, ALARM, OBSERVING

2.3.1. "MAN OVERBOARD" MANOEUVRE

(Estimated results and trials)



OVERBOARDMAN

KEEP 50°"

"HARD TOSTARBOARD"

"STEADY SO AND

Vin=20,5 kts

t=1'57" V=11,5 kts

t=2'35"; V=0 kts

HDG=230°

"STOP"

t=2'03" "FULL ASTERN"

HDG=0° t=0"

t=10"


2.3.2. "MAN OVERBOARD" MANOEUVRE

(Estimated results)



OVERBOARDMAN

KEEP 50°"

"HARD TOSTARBOARD"

"STEADY SO AND

Vin=20,2 kts

t=2'03" V=10,9 kts

t=2'45"; V=0 kts

HDG=230°

"STOP"

t=2'08" "FULL ASTERN"

HDG=0° t=0"

t=10"


2.3.3. "PARALLEL COURSE" MANOEUVRE(Estimated results and trials)



“STEADY SO2 min 15 s

“HARD TO STARBOARD”

“HARD TO PORT”

25° 4,0 cbl

20 s

3 min 35 s“HARD TO PORT”

“HARD TOSTARBOARD”

Vin=20,6 kts HDG=0°

25°4,0 cbl

20 s

3 min 35s

“MAN OVERBOARD”20°

2 min 15 s

20°

AND KEEP 180°”

ESTIMATED TRIAL

HDG=200°HDG=160°

MOB0 s

0.5 cbl

0 sMOB

Vin=20,6 kts HDG=0° 0.5 cbl


2.3.4. "PARALLEL COURSE" MANOEUVRE(Estimated results)



“STEADY SO2 min 20 s

“HARD TO STARBOARD”

“HARD TO PORT”

25° 4,1 cbl

23 s

3 min 43 s“HARD TO PORT”

“HARD TOSTARBOARD”

Vin=20,2 kts HDG=0°

25°4,1 cbl

23 s

3 min 43s

“MAN OVERBOARD”20°

2 min 20 s

20°

AND KEEP 180°”

ESTIMATED TRIAL

HDG=200°HDG=160°

MOB0 s

0.5 cbl

0 sMOB

Vin=20,2 kts HDG=0° 0.5 cbl


3. STOPPING AND ACCELERATION IN DEEP WATER

3.1. STOPPING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHIP(Estimated results and trials)


0 2'

V, kts S, cbl

t, m in-s

15

2

1' 3'

1

3

5

10

20 4

30" 1'30" 2'30

Manouevre“Ahead – Stop”

RPM/PITCH Speed,V, knots

Time Length ofTrack

start end start end t, min-s S, cbl

1. Full ahead – Stop 750/90 750/0 20,5 1,1 2-45 3,552. Half ahead - Stop 750/50 750/0 14,3 0,8 2-45 2,83. Slow ahead – Stop 750/30 750/0 9,2 0,5 2-45 2,24. Dead slow ahead – Stop 750/20 750/0 6,3 0,1 2-45 1,3


3.2. STOPPING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHIP(Estimated results)


0 2'

V, kts S, cbl

t, m in-s

15

2

1' 3'

1

3

5

10

20 4

30" 1'30" 2'30

Manouevre“Ahead – Stop”


Time Length ofTrack


1. Full ahead – Stop 750/90 750/0 20,2 1,0 3-00 3,802. Half ahead - Stop 750/50 750/0 14,0 0,7 3-00 3,13. Slow ahead – Stop 750/30 750/0 8,9 0,3 3-00 2,54. Dead slow ahead – Stop 750/20 750/0 6,0 0,2 3-00 1,6


3.3. CRASH-STOP CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHIP(Estimated results and trials)


0

V, kts

15

1

5

10

20

S, cbl

t, min-s

2

1

3

4

30" 1'30"

Manouevre“Ahead – Astern”


Time Length ofTrack


1. Full ahead – Full astern 750/90 750/-100 20,5 1,5 1-38 2,952. Half ahead – Full astern 750/50 750/-100 14,3 0,3 1-30 2,23. Slow ahead – Full astern 750/30 750/-100 9,2 0,5 1-15 1,44. Dead slow ahead – Full Astern 750/20 750/-100 6,3 0,1 1-00 0,72


3.4. CRASH-STOP CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHIP(Estimated results)


0

V, kts

15

1

5

10

20

S, cbl

t, min-s

2

1

3

4

30" 1'30"

Manouevre“Ahead – Astern”


Time Length ofTrack


1. Full ahead – Full astern 750/90 750/-100 20,2 1,0 1-45 3,152. Half ahead – Full astern 750/50 750/-100 14,0 0,3 1-37 2,323. Slow ahead – Full astern 750/30 750/-100 8,9 0,2 1-25 1,634. Dead slow ahead – Full Astern 750/20 750/-100 6,0 0,1 1-10 0,86


3.5. ACCELERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHIP(Estimated results and trials)


Main Engines mode of operation: normal acceleration

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

2 4 6 8

V, kts S, cbl

t, min

V

S

1 3 5 7

18

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20 20

Manouevre“Stop – Full Ahead”

RPM/PITCH% Speed,V, knots

Time Length oftrack

start end start end t, min-s S, cbl750/0 750/80 0,0 20,5 7-27 18,1


3.5. ACCELERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHIP(Estimated results)


Main Engines mode of operation: normal acceleration

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

2 4 6 8

V, kts S, cbl

t, min

V

S

1 3 5 7

18

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20 20

Manouevre“Stop – Full Ahead”

RPM/PITCH% Speed,V, knots

Time Length oftrack

start end start end t, min-s S, cbl750/0 750/80 0,0 20,2 7-52 19,3


4. MANOEUVRING CHARACTERISTICS IN SHALLOW WATER4.1. TURNING CIRCLES IN LOAD CONDITION

(Estimated results)


Initial speed Vin = 14,3 kts; Rudder angle δ = 35º

Water depth/draught ratio H/T = 1,25

Advance, L1 = 2,5 cbl

Transfer, L2 = 1.1 cbl

Diameter, D = 2,5 cb

0 S , cbl

t=2-15 min-sV=10,0 kts

t=3-05 min-sV=9,6 kts

V=9,6 kts

1L1

2

L22.5

S, cbl D

1 2 2.5

V=11,7 ktst=1-15 min-s

t=3-45 min-s


4.2. SQUAT (Estimated results)


4.2.1. Maximum squat versus speed, m.

Depth/draught

Speed, Knots

ratio 4 8 12 141,25 (T = 4.63 m) 0,07 0,34 1,12 2,301,25 (T = 4.9m) 0,08 0,35 1,14 1,352,0 (T = 4.63 m) 0,05 0,20 0,53 0,842,0 (T = 4.9 m) 0,05 0,20 0,54 0,85

4.2.2 Draught increase versus list, m.

List 1° 2° 3° 4° 5° Draught increase 0,15 0,35 0,52 0,7 0,79

6° 7° 8° 9° 10° 12° 16°

0,87 1,05 1,22 1,41 1,76 2,13 2,86


5. MANOEUVRING CHARACTERISTICS IN WIND5.1. DRIFTING UNDER WIND INFLUENCE

(Estimated results)

Estimated ship's condition:Displacement ∆ = 5089 t

Draught forward Tf = 4,625 m; Draught midship Tm = 4,635 m; Draught aft Ta = 4,63 mInitial speed Vin = 0 kts; Rudder angle δ = 0º

0 1 2 3

S, cbl

1 t=9'10"V=1.9 kts

Wind

2

27015 m/s

4 5

t=16'30"V=2.2 kts

95° 110°

S, cbl

4

60°

0

S , cbl

2

6

3

Wind230°

15 m/s

t=18'V=2,1 kts

V=1,8 ktst=9'20"

S, cbl

70°

50°

2


6.1. COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGENCY MANOEUVRES (Estimated results and trials)




FROM FULL MANOEUVRING AHEAD

cbl

0 1 22 1cbl

HARD TO STARBOARD

3

2

1

V = 0,0 ktsT = 1min 40s

FULL AHEAD – FULL ASTERN

V = 0 ktsT = 1min 40s

V = 11,8 ktsT = 1min 22s

V = 15,0 ktsT = 0min 44s

HARD TO PORT

HARD TO STARBOARDAND FULL ASTERNAND FULL ASTERN

HARD TO PORT

cbl

V = 0 ktsT = 1min 40s

V = 11,8 ktsT = 1min 22s

V = 15,0 ktsT = 0min 44s


6.2. COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGENCY MANOEUVRES (Estimated results)




FROM FULL MANOEUVRING AHEAD

cbl

0 1 22 1cbl

HARD TO STARBOARD

3

2

1

V = 0,0 ktsT = 1min 50s FULL AHEAD – FULL ASTERN

V = 0,0 ktsT = 1min 55s

V = 11,4 ktsT = 1min 32s

V = 14,7 ktsT = 0min 49s

HARD TO PORT

HARD TO STARBOARDAND FULL ASTERNAND FULL ASTERN

HARD TO PORT

cbl

V = 0,0 ktsT = 1min 55s

V = 11,4 ktsT = 1min 32s

V = 14,7 ktsT = 0min 49s


7. LATERAL THRUSTER CAPABILITIES(Trial results)



Thruster type Max. Power Time delayfor full thrust

Tuning rate atzero speed

Time delay toreverse full thrust

Not affectiveabove speed

kW/hp s °/min min-s kts

LIPS

CT150H type

500/680 7,9 16,6 0-10,6 5,3


CONCLUSION

Trials and estimation show that the linear characteristics of circulation - largestdiameter (Dmax), advance (L1) and transfer (L2) depend more on the rudder angle thanfrom initial speed.

The left circulation at any rudder angles and initial speeds has no difference fromright ones. The opposite transfer is away.

At circulation from zero speed (leaving the anchorage) the ship has goodmanoeuvring qualities.

The higher is rudder angle the more is the speed decreasing on circulation. Theheaviest fall of speed is on the first quarter of circulation.

The ship on circulation is always situated bow inside the trajectory at the angle ofdrift. The drift may be determined by deviation of ship's symbol from the circulation curve.

The comparison of manoeuvring characteristics of ship on deep water and on shallowwater shows, that on shallow water the manoeuvring ability becomes worse (versusdepth/draught ratio):

- the reaction on rudder deflection is slowed down;- the linear elements of circulation is grown, the return transfer is appeared;- the squat is increased.From comparison of emergency manoeuvres it is visible, that for prevention of

collision with stationary object or ship the "Hard to board" manoeuvre is more effectivethan the "Crash Stop" manoeuvres due to the less advance.

The analysis obtained date shows that the ship has manoeuvring characteristicssatisfying the criteria of IMO Resolutions A.751(18) “INTERIM STANDARDS FOR SHIPMANOEUVRABILITY”:

- the tactical diameter of turning circle is 3,8 ship length (load condition T=4,9 m) andtactical diameter of turning circle is 3,6 ship length (sea trials minimum loadcondition T=4,63 m), standard - not to exceed 5 lengths;

- the advance in turning circle in these cases are 3,54 ship lengths (load conditionT=4,9 m) and 3,4 ship lengths (sea trials minimum load condition T=4,63 m),standard - not to exceed 4.5;

- the advance in the 10/10 zig-zag test is 1,4 ship lengths, standard - not to exceed2,5 ship lengths;

- the first overshoot in the 10/10 zig-zag tests are 9,3° (load condition T=4,9 m) and8,8° (sea trials minimum load condition T=4,63 m), standard - not to exceed 10°;

- the second overshoot in the 10/10 zig-zag tests are 9,1° (load condition T=4,9 m) )and 8,1° (sea trials minimum load condition T=4,63 m), standard - not to exceed 25;

- the first overshoot in the 20/20 zig-zag test are 15,4° (load condition T=4,9 m) ) and14,8° (sea trials minimum load condition T=4,63 m),, standard - not to exceed 25;

- the track reach in the full astern stopping test is 5,94 ship lengths, standard - not toexceed 15 ship lengths.

The adduced information on manoeuvring characteristics shortly reflects the featuresof each ship of series and can be complemented by captain and navigators.


APPENDIX 1ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION A.601(15)

adopted on 19 November 1987

PROVISION AND DISPLAY OF MANOEUVRING INFORMATION ON BOARD SHIPS A.601(15)

THE ASSEMBLY,

RECALLING Article 15(j) of the Convention on International Maritime Organisationconcerning the functions of the Assembly in relation to regulations guidelines concerning maritimesafety,

RECALLING also that it adopted by resolution A.209(VII) the Recommendation onInformation to be Included in the Manoeuvring Booklets in order to ensure uniformity of suchinformation on board ship,

NOTING the importance attached to further enhancing of the safety of navigation,

RECOGNIZING the need achieve a uniform format and content of the Pilot Card and theWheelhouse Poster, and to establish a framework for the Manoeuvring characteristics of the ship,

HAVING CONSIDERED recommendation made by the Maritime Safety Committee at its fifty-third session:

1. ADOPTS the recommendation on the provision and the Display of Manoeuvring Information onBoard Ships, as set out in the Annex to the present resolution, which supersedes therecommendation adopted by resolution A.209(VII);

2. INVITES all Governments concerned to take steps to give effect to the recommendation as soonas possible;

3. REQUESTS the Maritime Safety Committee to keep the recommendation under review forpurpose of its improvement based on new developments in techniques and in the light ofexperience gained in its application.


APPENDIX 2

RECOMMENDATION ON THE PROVISION AND THE DISPLAYOF MANOEUVRING INFORMATION OF BOARD SHIPS

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 In pursuance of Recommendation on DATA Concerning Manoeuvring Capabilities andStopping Distances of Ships, adopted by resolution A.160(ES.IV) and paragraph 10 regulation II/1of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping forSeafarers, 1978, Administrations are recommended to require that the manoeuvring informationgiven herewith is on board and available to navigators

1.2 The manoeuvring information should be presented as follows:

.1 Pilot Card

.2 Wheelhouse Poster

.3 Manoeuvring Booklet

2. APPLICATION

2.1 The Administration should recommend that manoeuvring information, in the form of themodels contained in the appendices, should be provided as follows:

.1 for all new ships to which the requirements of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, as amended apply, the Pilot Card should be provided

.2 for all new ships of 100 meters in length and over, and all new chemical tankers and gas carriers regardless of size, the Pilot Card, Wheelhouse Poster and Manoeuvring Booklet should be provided

2.2 The Administration should encourage the provision of manoeuvring information onexisting ships, and ships that may pose a hazard due to unusual dimensions or characteristics

2.3 The manoeuvring information should be amended after modification or conversion of theship, which my after its manoeuvring characteristics extreme dimensions


3 MANOEUVRING INFORMATION

3.1 Pilot Card (appendix 1)

The Pilot Card, to be filled in by master, is intended to provide information to the pilot onboarding the ship. This information should describe the present condition of the ship, with regard toits loading, propulsion and manoeuvring equipment, and other relevant equipment. The contents ofthe Pilot Card are available for use without conducting special manoeuvring trials

3.2 Wheelhouse Poster (appendix 2)

The Wheelhouse Poster should be permanently displayed in the wheelhouse. It shouldcontained general particulars and detailed information describing the manoeuvring characteristicsof the ship, and should be of such a size to ensure ease of use. The manoeuvring performance ofthe ship may differ from that shown on the Poster due to environmental, hull and loading conditions

3.3 Manoeuvring Booklet (appendix 3)

The Manoeuvring Booklet should be available on board and should contain comprehensivedetails of the ship's manoeuvring characteristics and other relevant data. The Manoeuvring Bookletshould include the information shown on the Wheelhouse Poster together with other availablemanoeuvring information. Most of the manoeuvring information in the Booklet may besupplemented in the course of ship life.


APPENDIX 3

RECOMMENDED INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN THE MANOEUVRING BOOKLET

CONTENTS

1 General Description1.1 Ship's particulars1.2 Characteristics of main engine

2 Manoeuvring Characteristics in Deep Water2.1 Course change performance2.2 Turning circles in deep water2.3 Acceleration turn2.4 Yaw checking tests2.5 Man-overboard and parallel course manoeuvres2.6 Lateral thruster capabilities

3 Stopping and Speed Control Characteristics in Deep Water3.1 Stopping ability3.2 Deceleration performance3.3 Acceleration performance

4 Manoeuvring Characteristics in Shallow Water4.1 Turning circle in shallow water4.2 Squat

5 Manoeuvring Characteristics in Wind5.1 Wind forces and moments5.2 Course-keeping limitation5.3 Drifting under wind influenza

6 Manoeuvring Characteristics at Low Speed

7 Additional Information


1 General Description1.1 Ship's particulars

1.1.1 General

SHIP'S NAME, DISTINCTIVE NUMBER OR LETTERS YEAR OF BUILD1.1.2 Gross tonnage and others information

Gross tonnage, deadweight and displacement (at summer draught)

1.1.3 Principal dimensions and coefficientsLength overall, length between perpendiculars, breadth (moulded), depth (moulded), summerdraught, normal ballast draught, hull coefficients at summer and normal ballast draught.Extreme height of the ship's structure above the keel

1.1.4 Main engineType, number of units and power output

1.1.5 PropellerType, number of units, diameter, pitch, direction of rotation, propeller immersion.

1.1.6 RudderType, number of power units, total rudder area, rudder area ratio (full load and normalballast)

1.1.7 Bow and stern thrustersType, number units, capacities and location

1.1.8 Bow and stern profiles1.1.9 Forward and blind zones with dimension specified (full load and normal ballast)1.1.10 Other hull particulars

Projected areas of longitudinal and lateral above water profiles (full and normal ballast).Length of parallel middle body for berthing (full load and normal ballast)

1.2 Characteristics of main engine1.2.1 Manoeuvring speed tables (trial or estimated, at the full load and ballast conditions)

Engine revolutions, ship speed and thrust (at ahead) corresponding to engine orders1.2.2 Critical revolutions1.2.3 Time for effecting changes in engine telegraph setting as in 3.1.2 both routine and

emergency conditions1.2.4 Time limit astern1.2.5 Minimum operating revolutions (for diesel engines) and corresponding ship speed1.2.6 Maximum number of consecutive starts (for diesel engines) and corresponding ship speed


Manoeuvring Characteristics in Deep Water1.3 Course change performance1.3.1 Initial turning test results (trial or estimated, at full load and ballast conditions) test conditions,

diagrams of heading angle versus time and ship's track1.3.2 Course change test results (trial or estimated at full load and ballast conditions).

Curves of course change distance and point of initiation of counter rudder for the necessarycourse change angler for both full load and ballast conditions)

1.4 Turning circles in deep water (trial or estimated at full load and ballast conditions)1.4.1 Turning circle test results (advance and transfer) and turning track at full sea speed ahead1.4.1.1 Turning circles in both full load and ballast conditions (stern track should be shown)1.4.1.2 The presentation should be the case of starboard turn only (unless there in significant

difference for port turn)1.4.1.3 The initial speed of the ship should be full sea speed ahead1.4.1.4 Times and speed at 90,180,270 and 360 turning should be specifically shown together with

an outline of the ship1.4.1.5 The rudder angle used in the test should be the maximum rude angle

1.5 Accelerating turn (trial or estimated)Data is to be presented for both full load and ballast conditions in the manner as 2.2 forturning circles. The ship accelerates from rest with the engine full manoeuvring speed aheadand the maximum angle

1.6 Yaw checking test (trial or estimated)

1.6.1 Results of zig-zag pull-out manoeuvre tests at the full load or ballast condition shown asdiagrams of the heading changes and rudder angle

1.7 Man- overboard and parallel course manoeuvres

1.7.1 Man-overboard manoeuvre (trial)Diagrams for cases of both starboard and port turns should be shown for both full load andballast conditions.

1.7.2 Parallel course manoeuvre (estimated)Diagrams showing lateral shift to a parallel course using maximum rudder angle

1.8 Lateral thruster capabilities (trial or estimated)1.8.1 Diagrams of turning performance at zero forward speed in full load or ballast conditions

should be shown, for bow and stern thrusters acting separately and in combination1.8.2 Diagrams showing the effect of forward speed on turning performance should be included1.8.3 Information on the effect of wind on turning performance should be given

2 Stopping and Speed Control Characteristics in Deep Water

2.1 Stopping ability (estimated)Information and diagrams should be given of the track reach, head reach, side reach, timerequired and track reach deceleration factor (distance/one knot reduction) of a ship in bothfull load and ballast conditions covering the following modes of stopping manoeuvres:

- full astern from full sea speed ahead;- full astern from full ahead speed;- full astern from half ahead speed;- full astern from slow ahead speed;- stop engine from full sea speed ahead;- stop engine from full ahead speed;


- stop engine from half ahead speed;- stop engine from slow ahead speed

2.2 Deceleration performance (estimated)

2.2.1 Information and diagram should be given of the track reach, time required and decelerationfactor of the ship in both full load and ballast conditions for the following engine orders:

- full sea speed to "stand by engines";- full ahead to half ahead;- half ahead to slow ahead;- slow ahead to dead slow ahead

2.3 Acceleration performance (estimated)

2.3.1 Information and diagram should be given for track reach and time for the ship achieve fullsea speed ahead, from zero speed

3 Manoeuvring Characteristics in Shallow Water

3.1 Turning circle in shallow water (estimated)

3.1.1 Turning circle in the full load condition (stern track to be shown)

3.1.2 The initial speed of the ship should be half ahead

3.1.3 Times and speeds at 90,180,270 and 360 turning should be specifically shown, together withan outline of the ship

3.1.4 The rudder angle should be the maximum and the water depth to draught ratio should be 1.2

3.2 Squat (estimated)

3.2.1 Curves should be drawn for shallow water and infinite width of channel, indicating themaximum squat versus speed for different blockage factors

3.2.2 Curves should be drawn for shallow and confined water, indicating the maximum squatversus speed for different blockage factors

4 Manoeuvring Characteristics in Wind

4.1 Wind forces and moments (estimated)

4.1.1 Information should be given on the wind forces and moments acting on the ship for differentrelative wind speed s and directions in both full load and ballast conditions, to assist inberthing.

4.2 Course-keeping limitation (estimated)

4.2.1 Information should be given for both full load and ballast conditions, showing the effect ofwind on the ability of the ship to maintain course

4.3 Drifting under wind influence (estimated)

4.3.1 Information should be given on the drifting behaviour under wind influence with no enginepower available


5 Manoeuvring Characteristics at Low Speed (trial or estimated)

5.1 Information on the minimum operating revolution of the main engine and correspondingship's speed should be given

5.2 Information on the minimum speed at which the ship can maintain course while still makingheadway after stopping engines

6 Additional Information

6.1 Any other relevant additional information should be added to contents of the booklet,practically information concerned with the operation of the bridge manoeuvring controls.

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