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Manheim Township Baseball & Softball Association Coaches Manual 2019
Manheim Township Baseball & Softball Association
Coaches Manual
2019
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Manheim Township Baseball & Softball Association Coaches Manual
Table of Contents
1. Forward / Manual Objectives2. Mission Statement3. Age Group Classifications & Skill Development4. Tryout Methodology, Team Creation & Coaches Notes5. Coaching Requirements6. Codes of Conduct7. Safety8. Leadership of Youth / Handling Behavioral Challenges9. Scheduling & Scorekeeping10. Appendix
a. Developmental Drillsb. Practice Structure / Practice Outlinesc. Manheim Township Methodologies (14U and
above)d. Fundamentals
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Foreword & Objectives
The Manheim Township Youth Baseball Coach’s Manual was created with two main objectives in mind. One, to assist coaches in preparing and running effective practices, and Two, to promote a more consistent coaching methodology throughout all age levels of play. The ideas proposed in this manual are intended to keep the players engaged and interested in the game of baseball and designed to develop and enhance the players skills as they progress through the MTBSA system.
Included in this manual are a series of practice ideas and plans organized by skill level (e.g. T-Ball, Coach Pitch & Travel Baseball). The Practice plans included in this manual are intended to be used as is, especially for those that are instructing baseball for the first time, but we encourage coaches to use the drills and practice plans that they found to be most effective or better suited depending on the team’s skill level.
Mission Statement
The Manheim Township Baseball and Softball Association exists to provide an opportunity to play competitive baseball and softball to all residents of Manheim Township between Kindergarten and the age of twenty (20) as stated on the official MTBSA registration form.
And, as part of the Manheim Township Athletic Association, the primary mission of the MTBSA is to develop healthy, self-reliant, and respectful athletes possessing integrity, sportsmanship, comradeship, and competitive skills. The goal is to provide valuable learning experiences through instruction for and participation in challenging interleague play that will prepare Manheim Township youth to not only be premier high school athletes, but to also contribute to their personal, psychological, physical, social, and academic development.
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Age Group Classifications & Skill Development Note: For all travel programs, the player age for classification is the age as of May 31 of the season year.
In-House 8U 10U 12U 14U Qualification
Age Classification Tee Ball – 5-7 Rookies – 6-8 Minors – 8-10
7, 8 9, 10 10, 11, 12 13, 14
Grade Classification Tee Ball – K, 1 Rookies – 1, 2 Minors – 2, 3, 4
1, 2, 3 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8, 9
Tryouts N N/A Y Y Y Skill Development
Hitting Fundamentals X X X X X Bunting Basics Basics X X X
Throwing Fundamentals X (Throwing Progression)
X (Throwing Progression)
X (Throwing Progression)
X X
Fielding Ground Balls Pop Ups Fly Balls
Ground Balls Pop Ups Fly Balls
X X X
Baserunning Technique Run through 1st Base "Must” run versus “optional” running Tagging up on caught pop-ups, flyballs
Technique Run through 1st Base "Must” run versus “optional” running Tagging up on caught pop-ups, flyballs
Add: Taking the extra base Passed balls / wild pitches Delayed steal
Add: Advanced: 1st to 3rd, 2nd to Home Leads Stealing (Depending on level)
Passed balls / Wild Pitches Signs
Add: Stealing - Types of leads, Delayed Steal, Steal / Retreat / Rundown, 1st & 3rd Hit and Run Reading pickoffs – Pitcher, Catcher
Sliding Basics Basics Add: Hook
Team Defense Throwing to the proper base Forceouts v. tag plays Backing up bases
Throwing to the proper base Forceouts v. tag plays Backing up bases
Add: Cut off throws and relays Standard coverage v. bunt Blocking pitches (Catcher)
Add: DP pivots & feeds Steals - Basic infield coverage, Special steal situations (Depending on level)
Run Downs Rotation coverage v. bunt
Add: Run downs Pickoffs – Pitcher, Catcher Steals - 1st and 3rd,
Special Steals
Age Classifications are created by birthdate, and all players must play at the level determined by their birthdate. However, if a player is in a school grade that correlates with an older level of baseball, the parents have the option of the player playing at that higher level.
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Tryout Methodology, Team Creation & Coaches Notes
• For Travel Baseball Teams (10U - 14U), there will be an open/mandatory tryout for players. Players will be evaluated by MT high School Baseball Coaches and Players based on the following skills:
o Speed (home to 1st base, 1st base to 3rd base) o Fielding (ground balls / fly balls / throwing accuracy & arm strength) o Hitting (balance, swing, contact & power) o Intangibles (attitude, effort, prior year's evaluations) o Interested Pitchers and Catchers will also have an opportunity for coach evaluations
during the day. • Once scores are tabulated and other criteria evaluated, players will be assigned to a section
team, based on skill level and intangible qualities: o Section 1
§ 10-13 players (determined by head coach & selection committee) in that age group, based on a combination of tryout tabulated scores, prior season performance, intangibles, & position player needs.
§ Will play other section 1 travel teams around the county § May also play selected tournaments during the season (coach discretion) § Will be requested to prioritize baseball as primary sport for Spring § Will participate in end of year playoffs depending on season record
o Section 2 § 10-13 players (maybe more) in that age group, based on similar criteria to
section 1 player selection. § Will play other section 2 travel teams around the county § Will be requested to prioritize baseball as primary sport for Spring § Will participate in end of year playoffs depending on season record
o Section 3 § 10-13 players (maybe more) in that age group, based on similar criteria to
section 1 & 2 player selection. § Will play other section 3 and possibly section 2 baseball teams § Will work on sport developmental skills, rules, and sportsmanship § May or may not have end of year playoffs based on league team participation
• For In-house Baseball Teams (Tee Ball, Rookies, Minors), Teams will be assembled by coaches and MTBSA division directors, where every effort will be made to assemble teams based on Elementary School affiliation.
• Playing Time Requirements: § Section One is a competitive level focused on development, but playing the best
players(development but play the best players) § Section Two and Three are developmental, which means equal playing time in
primary and secondary positions After each season, each coach will be asked to create notes on the players on the team in the Player Evaluation format, which is attached to the manual and is provided in PlayerEvaluation.xls format.
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Coaching Requirements As part of the risk management process and pursuant to Manheim Township policies, MTBSA will perform checks of criminal history records on existing employees, individuals seeking employment with the District, including regular and seasonal new hires and volunteers, who will work with children, individuals with disabilities, and/or persons with frail and fragile physical circumstances or preconditions, or other circumstances as the District deems necessary. Such individuals will be required to maintain satisfactory criminal history records as a condition of employment and active volunteerism. In addition, the District may periodically perform background checks randomly on employees and volunteers, who have been previously checked and who continue to be involved in a position with the District whereby District policy would require such background checks of such individual. In consideration of my employment or volunteer eligibility (or continued employment or volunteer eligibility if I am currently an employee or volunteer) with MTBSA, I hereby authorize and give consent for the District to obtain information pertaining to possible criminal history on myself. This includes the following:
• Criminal Background Records/Information • Sex Offender Registry Information • Domestic Violence Records/Information • Addresses and Social Security Number Verification
I hereby release from liability and promise to hold harmless under any and all possible claims or causes of action (i) any and all persons or entities who shall furnish such information to MTBSA, its officers, agents or employees, and (ii) MTBSA, its officers, agents or employees for any statements, acts or omissions in the course of obtaining said information. Furthermore, I understand that this release is signed, free from duress, and with the full knowledge and understanding that any information obtained will be used in assessing my relative fitness for employment or volunteer eligibility with the District and that such information will be held in confidence in accordance with the organization’s guidelines. These records being checked are covered by the Fair Credit Reporting Act. The Fair Credit Reporting Act gives me specific rights in dealing with agencies that provide these reports to MTBSA. Enclosed with this Release, Disclosure and Authorization is A Summary of Your Rights under The Fair Credit Reporting Act, including appeal procedures. Before making any adverse employment / volunteer action which is based on the information received from a criminal background check, MTBSA will notify me in writing and will provide me with a copy of the report and A Summary of Your Rights under The Fair Credit Reporting Act.
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Codes of Conduct In playing for and representing the MT travel baseball program, you agree to abide by the following Player / Parent / Coach Code of Conduct:
Player: • Hustle at all times. • Always be coachable and open to new ideas. • Maintain a team-first attitude and play whatever position(s) that is best for the team. • Never use profanity on or off the field. • Always be respectful of coaches, players, umpires and parents. • Never argue with an umpire or throw equipment. • Win with class and lose with dignity. • Looks for ways to show good sportsmanship every time you step on the field. • Never fight or argue with a teammate or opposing player. • Get your schoolwork done, keep your grades up, and always obey the rules on and off the field.
Parent: • Conduct myself in a way that would never bring embarrassment to the MT program. • Never verbally root against the other teams or argue with umpires or question umpire calls
where other people (and umpires) can hear you. • Never use any profanity. • Only talk to coaching staff about your player, in privacy, and never immediately after a game. • Never talk to coaches about another player. • Do not publicly participate in conversations with other parents that are negative towards other
players, other parents, the organization, and/or the coaching staff. • Do not publicly second guess and discuss coaching decisions with other parents or players. • Do not shout coaching tips to your son (or other players) during a game or practice. Do not ask
or allow your son to come to your location during a game or practice. • Do not enter or hover around the team dugout / bench during a practice or game. If you need
to get information or something to your child, please ask a coach to assist. • Do not attempt to talk to coaches during the game (unless it is an emergency). • Do not ‘sit-in’ on team talks before or after the game unless invited by the coaches.
Coach: • Be a good role model and positive influence for the players. • Never publicly embarrass or demean a player. • Conduct yourself in a way that would never bring embarrassment to the MT program. • Refrain from inappropriate verbal exchanges with umpires and opposing coaches. • Always be mindful of safety and be sure to enforce all safety rules. • Report any injuries to MTBSA safety director. • Do not use profanity or other inappropriate language. • Do not permit heckling of opposing players, coaches, or umpires. • Keep parents informed by communicating openly and often. • Always be respectful of parents concerns.
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Safety See Safety Manual It is the responsibility of each manager to enforce these safety procedures. These rules apply to all in house leagues
§ Each team must have two coaches with completed background checks. Two (2) coaches must be present at all times when the team is together.
§ Protective helmet must be worn by batters and base runners at all times during both games and practice
§ Metal spikes may not be worn by players at games or practice § Players must not wear watches, rings, pins or metallic items during games and practices. § Shorts should not be worn by players at practice and will not be worn during games. § Only 2 ¼” diameter barrel bats and 2018 USA Baseball stamped bats may be used. § Catchers must wear mask during games, practices, and when warming up a pitcher § Catchers must wear a protective athletic supporter when catching in games or practice. § Runners must be coached to slide or avoid collision with fielders in all situations. Any attempt to
collide with a fielder will result in an automatic out and ejection from the game at the discretion of the umpire.
§ No head first sliding is permitted except when getting back to base on pickoff attempt. § No games or practices should be held when weather or field conditions are not good,
particularly when lighting is inadequate. § In the event of thunder or lightning, error on the side of caution. If game has been stopped for
lightning, do not resume until 30 minutes after the last bolt. § Volunteer umpires must be at least 16 years old § There is a stocked first aid kit at every field. If you find that something is missing, please contact
the equipment director. § Injuries requiring outside medical attention should be reported to the appropriate league
director. NOTE: For Travel Baseball, LCYBL safety rules supersede MTBSA safety rules.
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Leadership of Youth All coaches must demonstrate the ability to lead the players on the team.
Key Aspects of Leadership:
• Goals – Set goals with the team at the outset of the season. These goals should include the learning at each level detailed in the Coaches Manual.
• Expectations – Explain expectations, including those around focus and behavior • Accountability – Hold players accountable
o Code of Conduct o Team Goals o Expectations
• Communication o Talk to the team at the start and end of each practice or game o Discuss progress against goals and expectations
Handling of Behavior Challenges Every coach at every level has players who misbehave, goof off, or lack focus during practice. Here are three basic principles for shaping the behavior of your players.
1.) Reinforce desired behavior. As strange as it may seem, yelling at a kid can reinforce inappropriate behavior. Give attention to kids when they do what you want. Thank those who respond right away: “Artemio, Jalmer, Nico, thanks for hustling in!” Tie their cooperation to the team’s success and make this a part of your practice plan. “With limited practice time, it really helps when you come right away!”
2.) Ignore undesired behavior. Vic didn’t come when you called, so ignore him. Until he does what you want, Vic doesn’t exist. When Vic realizes he can’t get your attention by misbehaving, he’ll likely try to get it by complying. When he does, reward him: “Vic, thanks for doing what I asked!” This tends to work like magic, but not always, so read on.
3.) When you can’t ignore, intervene in a least-attention manner. Sometimes you can’t ignore behavior – a player may put herself in danger or disrupt your practice – so intervene in a “least-attention manner.”
(Source: Positive Coaching Alliance https://devzone.positivecoach.org/resource/book/disruptive-kids-who-make-running-practice-difficult)
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Scheduling & Scorekeeping MTBSA mandates the use of GameChanger for scoring and statistic management. The coach may choose either GameChanger or TeamSnap for scheduling.
• https://www.teamsnap.com/teams
• https://gc.com/how-it-works APPENDIX Still a work in progress, this manual will eventually include a complete plan of development drills and practice plans. In the meantime, USA Baseball offers a great desktop and mobile app for preparing drills and practice plans. (All drills and plans can be printed out and added to a binder if needed.)
Developmental Drills
USA Baseball Mobile Coach - http://www.sportdev.org/MobileCoach (Click the Education tab, then click Mobile Coach App. Scroll down and you’ll find three red buttons to add a phone and/or desktop apps)
Practice Structure / Practice Outlines
USA Baseball Mobile Coach - http://www.sportdev.org/MobileCoach Manheim Township Methodologies Fundamentals On the following pages are the fundamentals related to the Age Group Classifications & Skill Development Chart found on page 3. As noted, we will continue to expand–and fine-tune–this section to ensure it covers the necessary skills of each age level.
APPENDIX: FUNDAMENTALS
HITTING FUNDAMENTALS
FUNDAMENTALS AT THE PLATE § Get a good pitch to hit.§ When you are ahead in the count... "pick a pitch and pick a spot"§ Always hit the ball where it is pitched.
o inside - bat head out earlyo middle - ball hit slightly off the front of the plateo outside - keep the hands "inside" the ball and keep your back shoulder up!
§ Maximize plate coverage and expect to be pitched inside.
PRE-SWING POSITIONING § the bat should be held in the fingers, not in the palm of the hands.§ the proper place to start or position the hands can be accomplished with the following:
o let your back arm hang downo bend your arm until your palm is in front of your breasto put the bat in your back hando bring your front hand to the back hand and grip the bato back elbow should be kept down, slightly above the back hip
§ the feet should be slightly spread, shoulder width apart§ the weight should be distributed evenly on the balls of your feet§ the knees are slightly flexed§ chin should be located right above the front shoulder§ head is slightly turned so that "both" eyes are looking at the pitcher
THE START OF THE SWING § the hands and weight distribute back ("back to go in")§ the stride is a short step and should be for timing and balance purposes, NOT momentum!§ as the hands move forward the knob of the bat is pulled directly to the flight of the ball§ the head stays still with the eyes focused on the ball§ the hips and front shoulder stay closed, but begin to open slightly
THE CONTACT § the head is still but should have shifted from your front shoulder to the mid-shoulder point§ the arms are NEAR full extension§ the back arm is at a 135° flex§ the lead hand should be facing down and the top hand should be facing up§ top wrist should NOT have rolled§ shoulders should be level and slightly closed§ hips should be facing the pitcher§ weight should have made the transition from the back inner thigh to the front inner thigh§ back foot should have the heel off the ground and the ball of the rear foot should be§ "squishing the bug"
THE FOLLOW THROUGH § a split second after contact the arms should be fully extended (punching analogy)§ roll the top wrist after the ball has left your bat§ finish the swing on the back shoulder§ body should rotate on your axis, "squish the bug"§ shoulders should now be facing the pitcher§ head should have transferred to the back shoulder
THROWING FUNDAMENTALS The throwing fundamentals and lead-up drills described on this handout are for all players in the MTBSA program.
WARMING UP (…A.K.A "LEAD-UPS") Throwing lead-ups are drills that will be used to loosen up your throwing arm. The purpose of all these drills is to have the player focus attention on proper throwing mechanics. With proper throwing mechanics the player will experience:
1) an increase in the velocity of the throw2) an increase in the accuracy of the throw3) a decrease in the occurrence of a sore arm.
If you make throwing "lead-ups" a ritual, then you will develop sound throwing fundamentals.
"LEAD-UPS" § Each player shall have one partner.§ The partner should be a position partner (infielders with infielders, outfielders with
outfielders, pitchers with pitchers, catchers with catchers).§ Each player should take a baseball for the "lead-up" drills below.§ All players should be throwing in the same direction
CROSS SEAMS Each player tosses the ball into his glove and takes the ball out as quickly as he can, positioning theball in his hand with the fingers across the seams. (Repetition: minimum of 20)
DARTS With a partner 15 feet away, each thrower holds his throwing arm in front of his body, leading with a bent elbow. The elbow should be above the shoulder with the glove hand resting underneath the tricep, forcing the elbow up. The player should throw with the wrist and forearm, snapping the ball to his partner. (Repetition: minimum of 15 throws each)
BIG Y § non-throwing
o Each player is on one knee and puts both hands at the chest. Player breaks his hands andtakes the ball to the back extension of his throw, facing the ball away from his head. Thethrowing elbow should be bent and above the shoulder. Front side also extends with abent elbow, hence the name "BIG Y". No throw is made to the partner. (Repetition:minimum of 15)
§ throwingo Player will repeat the above drill but throw the ball to his partner, emphasizing
the follow through. Players should start at 30 feet apart. (Repetition: minimum of15 throws each)
BALANCE Thrower stands on one leg, balancing his weight on his back leg. Hands start at the chest, break hands, move to the Big Y position, balance, stride, and follow through. (Repetition: minimum of 15 throws each)
DIRECTIONAL THROWING Thrower puts all of the pieces together playing catch with his partner. Distance between throwers should start at 50-60 feet (two-thirds of a base path). Thrower should emphasize directional throwing by directing the front shoulder at his target. Accuracy and form should be stressed with an increase in velocity as the catch continues.
LONG TOSS Players separate by a varied distance, usually about 200 feet. Players play catch by throwing the ball on a high, exaggerated parabolic path to their partner. This longer throw should not cause severe stress on the arm or shoulder. (Repetition: 15-20 throws each
GENERAL FIELDING FUNDAMENTALS
INFIELD GROUNDBALLS – THE BASICS § Ready position
o feet are shoulder width apart o movement towards the plate
§ "look the ball in" (button of the hat) § acceptance position
o break hands at the waist § shuffle/crow hop § delivery
o directional throwing § follow through
POP-UPS § The infielder should try to catch all pop-ups above his head if possible. § When settling underneath a pop-up the infielder should keep his feet moving (slowly) and not stand flat
footed. § As a last resort the infielder can field the pop-up underhanded, by his waist.
OUTFIELD GENERAL COMMENTS § Outfielders are usually a neglected lot. Always remember that a ball that gets past the outfielder is a
minimum of two bases. § Your primary goals are to field the ball and return the ball to a cut-off man as soon as possible. § Rules for where to throw the ball:
o Ball at you - lead base o Ball toward the play - lead base / adjust o Ball away from the play - back base o Bobble - back base o any doubt - back base
§ The "ready" position: when the pitcher starts his motion to the plate the outfielder should o have the weight on the balls of his feet walking forward a couple of short steps. o the knees should be flexed comfortably. o the hands should be in front of the body at the waist.
§ Know: o the number of outs. o the score and the importance of the runners. o the speed of the runners. o where you will throw the ball if a fly ball, base hit, or line drive is hit to you.
§ The centerfielder has preference on all fly balls in the gap. Verbal commands are "mine" and "yours". § Sunballs:
o wear sunglasses at practice to get used to wearing them in the game. o flip the sunglasses down after the ball is hit towards you. o use your glove to shield the sun from your eyes.
§ glove shields more sun than your open hand. § the ball may be caught by your glove "accidently" easier than your open hand
FIELDING GROUND BALLS IN FRONT OF YOU
FOUR SITUATIONS 1. No runners on base:
§ drop to the throwing side knee and make your body as big as possible. § use your glove and throwing hand to protect the "5" hole. § there is NO cut-off for 2nd base...throw the ball to the bag in the air.
2. Runners on base (likely no throw): § field the ball as an infielder.keeping the ball in front of you
3. Runners on base (runner advancing to lead base): § field the ball on the glove side. § under control maintain your momentum and try not to break stride. § throw the ball at the cut-off man's head, he should be able to catch this throw.
4. "Critical" run: § field the ball aggressively on the side and throw the ball to the bag in the air, over the cut-
off man. § another good time to do this is on a "tag" off 3rd base with no other runner on base.
FIELDING FLY BALLS When moving under or chasing a fly ball the glove should be kept by the side. It should not be extended until the player is ready to catch the ball.
FIVE SITUATIONS 1. Fly ball at you or in front of you:
§ Get the body behind the ball so you can have your momentum moving toward the play. § Catch the ball on the throwing shoulder side of your body. § Throwing hand should be right aside of the glove. § After catch is made, crow hop, and throw to the cut-off man.
2. Fly ball over either shoulder that you can surround: § Drop step (450) with the leg that is on the same side of the body as the shoulder over
which the ball is hit. § Surround the ball and catch the ball with the body's momentum moving toward the play.
3. Fly ball or line drive hit directly over your head: § This is the most difficult play for an outfielder to make. § Drop step with the glove side leg and retreat. § If you have misjudged the ball and it is over the other shoulder use the head-snap drill.
4. Line drive right at you: § If you cannot read the ball, bend down as low as possible so you can get a better read on the ball.
5. Fence ball: § Get to the ball as quick as possible. § Position your feet facing towards your throwing target before you pick the ball up § Pick the ball up with your bare hand. § As quickly as possible "crow hop" and get the ball to the relaying infielder.
BUNTING FUNDAMENTALS (OFFENSIVE) SACRIFICE BUNT Definition: The batter is required to sacrifice his time at bat in order to move the base runner(s).
READY POSITION
§ Step into the batter's box as soon as all signs are given. § Move to the squared-up position as soon as the pitcher's front leg hits the ground. § Not getting to the ready position on time prevents a proper stance and makes it more difficult to bunt the
ball. § Pivot on the balls of your feet when you move from your hitting stance to your bunt ready position.
Do not jump to the front of the box. § Hips should be facing the pitcher. § Arms are comfortably in front of the body, not locked, chest high. Good bunters will try to "catch the
ball" with their bat. § Your feet should be in the front of the box (see diagram).
correct
incorrect
§ Bat should be held at a 450 angle. § Barrel of the bat should be at the top of the strike zone. § Hands:
o top hand - located behind barrel of the bat, just below sweet spot. Do not wrap your fingers around the front of the barrel.
o bottom hand - located at the top of the rubber grip.
BUNTING THE BALL § Bunt only strikes. § Keep your head as still as possible. § When the ball makes contact with your bat both of your feet must be in the batter's box or you are
automatically out. § Try not to bunt with your arms "too much". § Move the bat "up and down" by moving your legs and your butt! ("Sit on the ball") § "Catch the ball with your bat". § Bunt the ball to the corner infielder who is not charging
BUNTING FUNDAMENTALS (OFFENSIVE)
DRAG BUNTING FOR A BASE HIT § Hands should not move until ball is less than halfway from home plate. § Bat should be parallel to first base line on bunt contact. § All drag bunts are preferred in the direction of the 3rd baseman. § Bunt should be within five feet of the 3rd base line, halfway between home plate and 3rd base.
BUNTING FUNDAMENTALS (DEFENSIVE) These bunt coverages are to be INTRODUCED at this level. Implementation in games is at the coach's discretion. The players should advance to the next level aware of these coverages.
BASIC COVERAGE
RUNNER ON 1ST (OR 1ST AND 3RD) § Coverages
o 1B - charges ball o 2B - covers 1st o SS - covers 2nd o 3B - charges ball
§ (returns to 3rd if the P or 18 fields the ball) o P - charges ball
§ (covers 3rd if 38 fields the ball) o C – ball (covers 3rd base if no runner on 3rd) o OF - back up bases
RUNNER ON 1ST AND 2ND § Coverages
o 1B - charges ball o 2B - covers 1st o SS - covers 2nd o 3B - charges ball if bunted to him
§ (stays back until ball in his lap) o P - charges ball
§ (covers 3rd if 38 fields the ball) o C – field bunt (then stay at home plate) o OF - back up bases
ROTATION
RUNNER ON 1ST (OR 1ST AND 3RD) § Coverages
o 1B – holds runner on, covers 1st o 2B/SS – the steal coverage determines who covers bag
and who backs up the bag o 3B - charges ball
§ (can cheat and leave early) o P - charges on 1st base side of diamond o C – field bunt (covers 3rd base unless occupied) o OF - back up bases
BUNTING FUNDAMENTALS (DEFENSIVE)
ROTATION (CON’T)
RUNNER ON 1ST AND 2ND § Coverages
o 1B – plays behind runner on, covers 1st on bunto 2B - covers 2ndo SS - covers 3rd (cheat to hole)o 3B - charges ball (cannot leave too early)o P - charges on 1st base side of diamondo C – field bunt (then stay at home plate)o OF - back up bases
CUT OFF AND RELAY FUNDAMENTALS
GENERAL RULES
THROWS TO HOME PLATE § 1B - Left center to right field foul line (28 covers first base)§ 3B - Left field foul line to left centerfield (SS covers third base)
THROWS TO 3RD BASE § SS – All throws
THROWS TO 2ND BASE § 2B – Right side of centerfield§ SS – Left side of centerfield
DOUBLE PLAY FUNDAMENTALS
SECOND BASEMAN
THE FUNDEMENTALS § Round the bag and break down§ Maintain some momentum.§ Ground ball fielding position to receive the throw
o Hands low to the ground and palms upo Reach to stop the ball, don't catch it
§ Step to the flight of the ball with the right foot and stop the ball with all the weight over the right leg§ "Stop" the ball with the thumbs at a 45-degree angle, keeping hands away from the body§ Throw from the glove (forearm throw)§ Let the throw carry the body to the toes facing the runner
FEEDS FOR DOUBLE PLAY BALLS § FOREHAND FEED: to be used when the 2nd baseman fields the ball moving toward 2nd base, within 5 to 1O feet
of the bag.§ BACKHAND FEED: to be used when the 2nd baseman is playing close to the bag and the ball is hit directly to him,
approximately 1O to 15 feet from the bag.§ QUARTER TURN FEED: to be used when the 2nd baseman fields ball in his normal position and the ball is hit
directly at him.§ 180 DEGREE REVERSE PIVOT FEED: to be used on the ball in the first base hole, not a double play feed but a feed for
the lead out.
DOUBLE PLAY PIVOTS § STANDARD 2B PIVOT
o "straddle jab"o set up straddling the bago step to the flight of the ball with the right footo easiest to useo negative: vulnerable to take-out slides
§ ROCKER STEP o left foot on the back of the bago rock back on right foot on the catcho negative: tough to adjust to low throws
§ STEP THRU BAG o left foot on bag, stepping througho step to the ball with the right footo negative: alot of head and body movemento good to use if you are late getting to the bag
§ STEP ACROSS WITH RIGHT AND DRAG THE LEFT o set up behind the bago step to the flight of the ball with the right footo drag the left on the catcho negative: difficult to "time" the pivot
§ RIGHT FOOT ON THE BAGo used when receiving early feedo in one motion right foot lands on bag and throw to first base
DOUBLE PLAY FUNDAMENTALS SHORTSTOP
FEEDS FOR DOUBLE PLAY BALLS § FOREARM FEED: 10 be used when the SS fields the ball moving toward 2nd base, within 5 to 1o feet
of the bag. § BACKHAND FEED: to be used when the SS fields the ball directly behind the 2nd base bag, not looking
for "2", get the lead out. § DIRECTIONAL FEED: to be used on the ball hit directly at the SS in his normal position. § HALF-TURN FEED: to be used on the ball hit in the hole to the SS's right , fielded on the backhand
DOUBLE PLAY PIVOTS § RIGHT FOOT ON THE BAG
o SS catches the ball with his right foot stepping on the back of the bag o shuffle step away from the bag and throw.
§ DRAG RIGHT FOOT ACROSS THE BAG o step to the ball with the left foot o drag the right foot across the bag o shuffle step away from the bag and throw o negative: more vulnerable on take-out slides
§ LEFT FOOT LANDING o used on early feed or unassisted double play o field or catch ball, run to the bag, and throw in one motion (landing on the bag with the left leg)
GENERAL RULES FOR SS FOOTWORK AT THE BAG § Stay 1 step away from the bag. Crowding the bag is the #1 mistake. § Right foot to the corner of the bag and the left foot steps toward the throw. § Skip turn upon receiving the ball. § Directional throwing to first base.
THIRD BASE
FEEDS FOR DOUBLE PLAY BALLS § DIRECTIONAL THROW: step/catch/throw on balls hit directly at the 3rd baseman. § BACKJHAND HALF TURN: used on balls down the 3rd base line, gather control of your momentum
on your right foot and feed a directional throw for the lead out. § GLOVE SIDE (THROW OFF RIGHT FOOT): used on balls barely fielded on the glove side, carry
momentum to 2nd base throwing off the right foot.
DOUBLE PLAY PIVOTS § RIGHT FOOT LANDING: used when ground ball is fielded at bag depth or in front of the bag. § LEFT FOOT LANDING: used when ground ball carries you behind the bag
FIRST AND THIRD PLAYS
CONCEDE § Catcher throws through to second base, no cut.§ Regardless of whether or not the runner off third breaks, we want to make the tag play at 2nd base.
CUT PLAY § SS is covering throw to 2nd base.§ 2B will cut the throw from the catcher approximately 25 feet behind the pitcher's mound.§ C throws to 2nd base bag and should not try to throw to a moving target.
OPTIONAL CUT § Same coverage as the mandatory cut.§ 2B has the option of cutting the ball or not.
3RD BASE § C comes out of stance appearing to be throwing to 2nd base and delivers the ball to third.
HARD BACK TO THE PITCHER § C delivers the ball to the pitcher, throwing the ball as he would to 2nd base, but slightly lower. This throw
must appear to the runner on third base as if it is going to 2nd base.
LOB BACK TO THE PITCHER § In this situation we are conceding the steal of second base so the run does not score from 3rd base, therefore
the catcher just returns the ball to the mound as if it were any other pitch
PITCHER FAKES TO 3RD BASE AND THROWS TO 1ST (Pickoff Attempt) § The right-handed pitcher lifts his left leg as if he was delivering to the plate but steps to 3rd base instead.
After losing complete contact with the rubber, he spins and possibly throws to 1st base.§ This play is used in the anticipation that the runner on 1st base is stealing. If we guess right, he will move on
the initial leg lift and should be picked off. The pitcher has the option to throw to:o 1B: if the runner is leaning or has stumbled at 1st base.o 2B or SS: if the runner is in a flat out steal.o No one: if the runner has returned to 1st base safely.
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BASERUNNING FUNDAMENTALS
FROM HOME PLATE: THREE SITUATIONS INFIELD GROUND BALL § If there is any doubt whether the ball has entered the outfield or not sprint through the bag § Stay on the right side of the foul line in the runner's box § Touch the front of the bag. § Throw your shoulders over your front foot upon contact with the bag (…this gives the umpire the
illusion that you touched the bag before you actually did). § Do not lunge at the bag...it slows you down! § After crossing the bag look for the ball. SINGLE THROUGH THE INFIELD / LINE DRIVE § Every ball is a double until the outfielder makes you stop. § Get onto the grass and begin to round off first base as soon as possible. § Pick up the coach's signal for "2" or turn and make your own decision! § Touch first base on the inside corner with either foot, preferably the left foot. Do not break
your stride just so you can touch the bag with your left foot. § Drop inside shoulder upon approaching first base. § On your first step after the bag you should watch the outfielder who is fielding the ball. § The outfielder's throw must make you stop.
o LEFTFIELD: approx. 30-40 ft. o CENTERFIELD: approx. 25-30 ft. o RIGHTFIELD: approx. 15-25 ft.
§ If at any point you see the outfielder misplay the ball and in your opinion you can make 2nd, do it and don't wait for a coach's verbal signal. If there is any doubt, stay at first.
§ If the outfielder makes you stop, retreat to 1st looking at the ball. (Exception to this would be when the outfielder throws behind you, especially the right fielder.
EXTRA BASE HIT § If the ball is in left field, you should make your own decision on whether to advance to 3rd. § If the ball is in center or right field, you should pick up the third base coach about 20 feet
before 2nd base. o If the 3rd base coach has his hands down, you continue to run full speed. o If the 3rd base coach puts his hands up, stop, and stay at 2nd base. The stop sign can
be given after you have touched 2nd base!
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BASERUNNING FUNDAMENTALS
FROM FIRST BASE
THE BASICS § Always take the signals on the bag. § Do not leave the bag until the pitcher is on the mound dirt area. (Watch for hidden ball trick) § After the coach's signals are given, your eyes are always on the pitcher. § One or two step lead whenever the pitcher is on the mound. § First step is a crossover step. § Do NOT crossover after the first step. Use shuffle lead and always have at least one foot in contact with
the ground. Do not hop. § Lead should be even with the bag or behind the bag. § Average lead (3 to 5 steps). § Weight should be evenly distributed on the balls of your feet, arms comfortably at your side. § Upon delivery of the pitch your eyes should transfer directly to the catcher. § 2 large shuffle steps for your secondary lead.
TYPES OF LEADS § PRIMARY LEAD: the lead you get when the pitcher is in the stretch position. § SECONDARY LEAD: the lead you have after the pitcher has delivered to the plate and your shuffle
steps have been taken. § ONE WAY LEAD: a longer primary lead used to get the pitcher to throw to 1st base.
o Never steal out of a one-way lead o Never get picked off when you are in a one-way lead. o Body weight should be leaning back towards 1st base in anticipation of a move.
§ TWO WAY LEAD: (synonymous with primary lead) allows you to either steal or get back to 1st base. Movement in either direction.
§ WALK OFF LEAD: start walking toward 2nd base when the pitcher begins or completes his stretch motion.
§ GAMBLE STEAL: (used only versus lefthanders with outstanding moves) o Same lead as one-way lead o Options:
§ One hop back on initial leg lift, then decision. § Direct steal on initial movement by pitcher (gamble).
COMING BACK TO 1st BASE OUT OF YOUR LEAD § First step crossover toward outside corner of the bag. § If standing up, left foot should hit the corner of the bag first and right leg should swing open, forcing
your shoulders to open up toward the field of play. o Doing this makes your body a more difficult target to tag. o Don't break your stride just to be able to touch the bag with your proper foot. Time is more
essential. § If you step and dive, which is suggested if you are stealing, then your right hand should grab the
outside corner of the bag and you should either look at the coach or look for the ball. § Don't leave the bag again until you are certain that the first baseman does not have the ball!
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BASERUNNING FUNDAMENTALS FROM FIRST BASE: STEALING
STRAIGHT OR RUN AND HIT § First step is a hard crossover step with the left foot. Never false step with your right foot. § First two steps should be "drive steps" with your shoulders low. § Sprint directly to 2nd base. § Slide to the outside corner of the bag away from the tag, preferably on your left leg touching the
outside corner of the bag with your right foot. § Upon contact with the bag the runner should pop-up remaining in contact with the bag, but
looking for the ball and prepared to run to 3rd base. § Do not leave contact with 2nd base until you either know where the ball is or have been given time
by the umpire.
HIT AND RUN § You must run in this situation, regardless of your jump or lead, because the batter is swinging
to protect you. § Steps are the same as the STRAIGHT steal. § Look toward the plate on your 4th or 5th step. Do not break stride. If you do not see, but hear,
bat contact you are to look for the ball. § OPTIONS
o No contact: becomes a straight steal. o Contact = ball in air: slow and make a decision. o Contact = ball on the ground: continue to 2nd base and break up double play or pick
up coach's signal for 3rd base. o Contact = line drive: continue running.
TYPES OF SLIDES: § STRAIGHT SLIDE: a slide that can be on either leg, preferably on the left leg with the right leg
out, into the corner of the bag or away from the tag. § HOOK SLIDE: a slide that can be on either leg, determined by the location of the tag. The leg that
tags the bag is the trailing leg, the lead leg never touches the bag. § HEAD FIRST SLIDE: diving slide with both arms leading into the bag.
FROM FIRST BASE TO THIRD BASE
THE BASICS § Primary lead to secondary lead and watch the ball. § Once the ball is beyond the infielders, you should begin rounding off 2nd base. § Pick up the 3RD base coach one-half to two-thirds of the distance to 2nd base. § On the ball hit to left field, you should make your own decision. § Run HARD until you see a stop sign! § Do not anticipate that you are not going to 3rd base. § The ball hit to right field warrants concern of a throw behind you directly to the bag.
o If you are given a stop sign, get to the bag immediately. § If you run the entire way to 3rd base, watch your coach's signal on the position of the slide.
o THROW FROM RIGHT FIELD: slide is usually to outside corner of base. o THROW FROM LEFT FIELD: slide is usually to inside corner of base.
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BASERUNNING FUNDAMENTALS FROM FIRST BASE TO THIRD BASE
THE BASICS § Primary lead to secondary lead and watch the ball. § Once the ball is beyond the infielders, you should begin rounding off 2nd base. § Pick up the 3RD base coach one-half to two-thirds of the distance to 2nd base. § On the ball hit to left field, you should make your own decision. § Run HARD until you see a stop sign! § Do not anticipate that you are not going to 3rd base. § The ball hit to right field warrants concern of a throw behind you directly to the bag.
o If you are given a stop sign, get to the bag immediately. § If you run the entire way to 3rd base, watch your coach's signal on the position of the slide.
o THROW FROM RIGHT FIELD: slide is usually to outside corner of base. o THROW FROM LEFT FIELD: slide is usually to inside corner of base.
FROM SECOND BASE
THE BASICS § Check how deep the outfielders are playing and know their arm strengths. § Take the coach's signals on the bag. § Don't socialize with the 2nd baseman or shortstop. § Don't leave the bag until the pitcher is on the mound. § No more than two crossovers when taking your lead. § General rule - 5 step lead (Dodger lead is optional). § Eyes are always on the pitcher, never on the shortstop and rarely on the 2nd baseman when
the pitcher has the ball. § Upon delivery your eyes transfer to the catcher with 3 or 4 shuffle steps directly toward
3rd base.
STEALING § You are allowed to steal 3rd base on your own, BUT you better make it!
o NEVER get caught stealing to end an inning! § Run directly toward the outside corner of the bag.
o 90% of the tags are on the inside of the bag. Slide into the outside corner of the bag. § Very rarely is a hook slide a good slide into 3rd base on a steal because it is a slower slide. § Pop-up upon contact with the base and look for the ball and listen to the coach.
FROM SECOND BASE TO HOME
THE BASICS § As soon as the ball is hit, start to round off 3rd base, assuming you're running to home. § Your coach is only a STOP sign, always assume you're scoring. § Always have eye contact with the coach, even after you have touched 3rd base. § SIGNALS
o 2 HANDS UP = STOP: This could occur at any time, even as far as one-third of the distance from 3rd to home. Go directly back to the bag and find the ball.
o NO SIGNAL = RUN FULL SPEED until you get a stop sign. If you don't get a stop sign, score. § After rounding 3rd base and beyond the coach's signal, the runner should pick up the on-deck batter's
signal on whether to slide or not and the position of the slide.
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BASERUNNING FUNDAMENTALS FROM THIRD BASE
THE BASICS § Take the coach's signals on the bag. § Do not leave the bag until the pitcher is on the mound. § Take your lead in foul territory and keep your eyes on the pitcher. § Shoulders should face the pitcher. § Once the ball reaches the catcher's glove you should stop on your right foot and retreat to 3rd base
on the foul line and watching the catcher to see if he is going to throw to 3rd.
MOMENTUM LEAD § When the pitcher toes the rubber, you should be no more than 10 feet from the bag if he is in the
windup and no more than a 3-step lead if he is in the stretch. § As he begins his motion toward the plate, you should take several walking steps toward the plate and
square your shoulders to the catcher. § As the ball crosses the plate you will land on your right foot. The number of steps is not important.
MOMENTUM LEAD: SITUATIONS § WILD PITCH or PASSED BALL: continue momentum toward plate on right foot without stopping if you can
score. § GROUND BALL ON WHICH WE ARE RUNNING: same as WILD PITCH / PASSED BALL § GROUND BALL ON WHICH WE ARE NOT RUNNING: Stop on your right foot and watch the play
develop. § FLY BALL / LINE DRIVE: Stop, retreat to base.
o Runner's starting position on base. Left foot is on the bag and right foot out front. o Runner always keeps eye contact with the ball. o Runner listens for instruction as whether to run or stay. o If running, the runner leaves as soon as the ball is caught. He does not wait for the coach to say
"go". The coach's verbal "go" may be the 3rd baseman's voice! o
MOMENTUM LEAD: GENERAL RULES § You must be AGGRESSIVE if you're going to score on a wild pitch, passed ball; or ground ball to an
infielder. § It should be one CONTINUOUS MOTION. You cannot come to a complete stop and start again and expect
to score. § Your momentum is always going FORWARD, never going back to 3rd base as the ball is crossing the plate. § Your momentum lead should not lead to you getting picked off by the catcher. Do not get picked off by
the catcher! § A momentum lead should be different lengths for different players.
GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR ALL BASES
§ NEVER make the first or third out at 3rd base. § When in doubt, slide. § Assume you're going to the next base unless stopped by a throw or the coach’s signal § ALWAYS KNOW:
o Number of OUTS and the SCORE. o The IMPORTANCE of your run. o POSITION of the infielders and outfielders. o Opposition’s ARM STRENGTHS.
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PICKOFF AND RUNDOWN FUNDAMENTALS STANDARD PICK-OFFS
THROW FROM THE CATCHER § Infielders have the right to put on a pickoff play without the coach's consent. § The throw from the catcher will be put on using a non-verbal signal communication with the catcher.
(Example: throwing hand on top of his hat) o Infielder will relay signal to catcher. o Catcher acknowledges signal by relaying signal.
§ The catcher may also initiate the original signal.
THROW FROM THE PITCHER § FIRST BASEMAN PLAYING BEHIND THE RUNNER AT FIRST
o First baseman uses a pre-determined verbal signal with the pitcher before he’s in his stretch.
o Pitcher relays to the first baseman that he has the signal by using a pre-determined non-verbal signal of communication.
o TIMING PLAY: § First baseman breaks when the pitcher reaches his set position. § Pitcher delivers on "a thousand one" count.
§ SECOND BASEMAN o There is no verbal communication for pickoffs at 2nd base by the 2nd baseman. o If the 2nd baseman wants a pickoff throw he pats the palm of the glove two to three
times and extends his throwing hand to the bag. o The pitcher spins and throws when the infielder throws his hand but the pitcher
does have the OPTION not to throw the ball. o DECOY SIGNAL used by the 2nd baseman to keep the runner honest is to pound the
glove hard one time and take one big crossover step. § SHORTSTOP
o There is no verbal communication for pickoffs at 2nd base by the shortstop. o If the shortstop wants a throw from the pitcher he should line up directly behind the
runner on 2nd base and pat the palm of his glove two to three times and "throw" his glove to signal he is going to the bag.
o The pitcher should spin and throw as soon as the glove is "thrown". o The pitcher has the OPTION not to throw the ball. o The shortstop can DECOY THE RUNNER and the third base coach by "hedging" to the
bag but not "throwing" the glove. § THIRD BASEMAN
o With a right handed pitcher, the third baseman can put on a timing play by using a pre-determined verbal signal after he has delivered a pitch.
o The pitcher lets the third baseman know he has heard his signal by using a pre-determined non-verbal signal of communication.
o The third baseman should play deep. o The pitcher comes to a complete set in the stretch position. o As the pitcher raises his leg to deliver to the plate, the third baseman should break to
the bag. o The pitcher "hangs" in the air and delivers to the ball to third base.
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PICKOFF AND RUNDOWN FUNDAMENTALS SPECIAL PICKOFFS
FROM THE BENCH § Pickoff signal from the bench will be a five and the number of the base to which we are making a
pickoff. (Example: Mandatory pickoff throw to first base = five-one). § We will also use the five for instructing the pitcher to come to his full set position and wait until the
batter calls time out. § PICKOFF BY THE SHORTSTOP AT 2ND BASE OUT OF PITCHER’S WINDUP
o Signal comes from the pitching coach as "five-two". o The pitcher toes the rubber to take his sign from the catcher. o Signal is given to pitcher and shortstop as "five-two-five-two".
§ SHORTSTOP MUST ALWAYS WATCHES THE CATCHER'S SIGNALS. o As soon as the catcher is finished with his sequence of signs, he puts both his glove and
throwing hand into the strike zone and holds them there. o The shortstop breaks when the runner has his maximum lead. o The catcher drops both his hands as soon as he sees the shortstop break towards 2nd. o The pitcher steps off the rubber with his pivot foot and delivers the ball to 2nd base.
§ PICKOFF BY THE SHORTSTOP AT 2ND BASE OUT OF PITCHER’S WINDUP o Same signal from the pitching coach is used as in example above. o The signal is relayed to the shortstop and 2nd baseman by the catcher.
§ In this pickoff at this point the catcher's job is done. o As the pitcher raises his leg to deliver the ball to the plate, he pivots on his back leg and
delivers to the shortstop. o The shortstop should not break to the bag until the pitcher's leg is lifted off the
ground.
RUNDOWNS
THE BASICS § On pitcher pickoffs, the pitcher follows his throw. § Rundown distance should be "shortened up" as much as possible. § Runner should be made to run full speed. § Runner can be tagged out moving toward either base. § Rundown should take place on throwing side of the runner. § The thrower should have the ball in his throwing hand "up" and not faking throws. § The receiver calls "now" when he wants the throw. The receiver's momentum should be moving
towards the runner when he calls "now". § The thrower veers to the throwing side of the runner and moves up to the base he is running
towards to back up the play should it come back his way.
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ADVANCED PLAYS / SITUATIONS SPECIAL STEALS
DELAYED STEAL § USE when the catcher receives the ball in a lazy manner and the middle infielders are far away from the
2nd base bag when the ball crosses the plate. § RUNNER takes two large secondary shuffle steps when the ball is delivered to the plate. As soon as the
ball hits the catcher's glove, he should sprint to 2nd base. § SUCCESSFUL because because the first baseman does not alert the middle infielders that the runner is
stealing and the middle infielders do not move towards the bag. When the runner does take off the catcher will usually double clutch because the infielders are not near the bag, hence the throw is usually made too late to throw out the runner.
STEAL AND RETREAT § USE when there are runners on first and third or when the hitter at the plate is a poor hitter and the run
on 3rd base is desired. § RUNNER on first steals second base when the pitcher delivers the ball to the plate. § RUNNER stops about 10-15 feet from the 2nd base bag and retreats to first base, staying in a rundown
as long as possible. § RUNNER ON 3RD should take off for home plate at the most opportune time, which can vary.
o If the opposition's defensive play does not have a cut man, then the best time for the runner on 3rd base to take off for home is when the ball passes the pitcher's head.
o It is important that the runner from 3rd base score before the runner on 1st base is tagged out if there are two outs when the play is used.
GAMBLE STEAL § USE when facing lefthanders with outstanding "hanging" leg pickoff move. It’s difficult for players (and
coaches) to read the pitcher's move and to get an appropriate jump to steal the base. § RUNNER ON FIRST BASE takes a larger lead than normal. (Be careful with pitchers that use the step off
move!) § When the pitcher lifts his leg to "hang" the runner takes a secondary shuffle back towards first. Upon
landing the runner now has to make a decision on whether to return to first base or shuffle back out towards second base.
o When the pitcher sees the runner on first base retreating everytime he lifts his leg to first base, he will develop a false sense that there is no need to make a move to first base because:
§ He will not pick off the runner § The runner will not try or be able to steal 2nd base.
§ SUCCESSFUL when the coach feels that the pitcher is no longer going to make any pickoff moves to first base.
o The coach will put the steal signal on. o When the pitcher lifts his leg, the runner should take off for second base. He should not worry
about making a decision on "reading" the hanging leg move. o Since the runner had a larger lead to start and he left the instant the pitcher lifted his leg, he
can beat the throw to 2nd base before the ball travels from the pitcher to the first baseman to the second baseman.
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ADVANCED PLAYS / SITUATIONS BOYERTOWN BUNT A bunt used to make the opposition play a defensive strategy.
GUIDELINES § The batter will face the pitcher, showing the pivot bunt (feet facing the plate) in the front or
back of the box as soon as he steps in the box. SITUATIONS § BUNT
o Batter stands in the front of the box. o Sacrifice rules apply. o If the pitch is a ball determine which infielders charged for the next pitch.
§ STEAL (No signal from coach) o OPTION 1: If the 3rd baseman charges before the delivery of the pitch and leaves 3rd base
unoccupied, the runner on 2nd should attempt to steal 3rd, if in his opinion the 3rd baseman will not take the throw at 3rd and if the runner can beat the shortstop to the bag.
o OPTION 2: If the runner is being held on 2nd base by the 2nd baseman it will be very difficult to steal 3rd base.
o OPTION 3: If the runner is being held on 2nd base by the shortstop then it should be easy to steal 3rd, BUT the runner cannot leave until the pitcher delivers the ball to the plate.
o OPTION 4: If the runner is not being held on 2nd base by either middle infielder then he can begin to take off for 3rd (slowly) before the pitch is delivered.
§ STEAL (Signal from coach) o Batter should be in the back of the batter's box. o See above BUT runner has over-ruling power of coach.
§ TAKE o The batter takes the pitch to see how the defense is going to play the situation. o IMPORTANT THAT ALL players watch to see how the defense reacts because most programs will
defense the play the same way for the entire game
COMMENT ABOUT BOYERTOWN BUNT The coaching staff will prepare you to react to the situation that the defense dictates. This preparation will occur at practices and on game days you the player will react accordingly. It is very likely that "Boyertown" will be put on with no specific signal and you the player will decide what is our best option.
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ADVANCED PLAYS / SITUATIONS TEAM DEFENSE
BLUE VERSUS RED § BLUE and RED are used to determine which middle infielder is covering 2nd base on steals, double
plays involving the pitcher, and holding baserunners on 2nd base. § BLUE is used when the pull side of a hitter is obligated to 2nd base.
o FOR EXAMPLE: if the batter is right handed and is a opposite field hitter, then the shortstop covers 2nd base bag so the 2nd baseman's hole. Is not opened up.
o Therefore, infield plays BLUE in this situation. § RED is used when 2nd base is covered by the opposite side infielder.
o FOR EXAMPLE: if the left-handed batter pulls the ball consistently, the shortstop will cover 2nd base not vacating the 2nd baseman's hole. If the right-handed hitter pulls the ball consistently, the 2nd baseman will cover 2nd so the shortstop can stay and protect the left-side.
o Therefore, the infield plays RED in this situation.
"A-AB-B-BC-C" § The High School Varsity and JV Baseball teams track opposing hitters by using hitting charts. The
letters "A-AB-B-BC-C" are used to position the defense according to where a hitter is expected to hit the ball:
o A = pull hitter (foul line) o AB = pull alley hitter (pinch the alley) o B = straight away (pinch the middle) o BC = opposite field alley hitter (pinch the alley) o C = opposite field hitter (foul line)
SPECIAL STEAL: THE WALK OFF
§ When the 1st and 3rd, baserunner on first base walks off while the pitcher is still in his stretch and intentionally gets in a rundown, trying to score the runner from 3rd base.
§ DEFENSIVE STRATEGY o Pitcher steps off. o Pitcher throws the ball directly to the 2nd baseman. o 2nd baseman runs the baserunner back to first base while keeping his eye on the
runner on 3rd base. • IF THE RUNNER LEAVES THIRD BASE, then this becomes the priority out.
o 2nd baseman should run the player all the way back to first base without making a throw to the first baseman. • Most runners are taught to stay in the rundown and will avoid returning to first
base. o The second baseman should call time before giving the ball back to the pitcher.
• If the 2nd baseman does not call time there is a good possibility that the runner will take off for second base again and repeat the process!
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ADVANCED PLAYS / SITUATIONS TEAM DEFENSE
SPECIAL STEAL: STEAL AND RETREAT § With opposing runners on 1st and 3rd, baserunner on first base steals 2nd base but stops
before reaching 2nd base. He then retreats towards first base, staying in a rundown and trying to score the runner from third.
§ DEFENSIVE STRATEGY o IMPORTANT to determine what our priority is. o IF THE RUN IS UNIMPORTANT, then throw to second to put out the base stealer
between first and second. o IF THE RUN IS IMPORTANT, there are TWO OPTIONS:
• Play the runner between 1st and 2nd, but do not give up the run. • In this option, the throw can go to the pitcher and he will initiate the trap
of the runner between 1st and 2nd without taking his eyes off the runner on 3rd base.
• This defense is very similar to the defense for the WALK OFF where you try to obtain the out between 1st and 2nd but not at the cost of the run scoring.
• Ignore the runner between 1st and 2nd , refuse the play on him, keep an eye on the runner on 3rd, and get the ball back to the pitcher.
(1) CORNERS & CATCHERS:(4:00min) 5 = Slow Roller (S-3)
2 = Drag Bunt (2-3)
INFIELD/ CATCHER COMBO DRILLS •Got to be organized - Transitions from segment to segment is critical•
(4:00min) 3 = Push or Sac Bunt (3-4 *manager covering 18 or 3-5)
2 = Soft Sac Bunt Runner and/or Dirtball Read runner@ 28 (2-5)
(2:30mln) 5 = Force Play (5-2-3) *Potential full-arm fake & throw behind @38
3 = Force Play (3-2-3) •Potential full-arm fake & throw behind@ 3B
(2:30min) S = Tag Play {S-2)
3 = Tag Play (3-2)
(2:oomin) 2 = Back Pick@ 18 failed SAC bunt
5 = Unassisted DP (5-2)
