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Manure BMPs and Water Quality Protection
Founded 1997Founded 1997
Non-profit organization: agricultural, urban projectsNon-profit organization: agricultural, urban projects
Promote stewardship, Best Management Practices (BMPs) to Promote stewardship, Best Management Practices (BMPs) to
production agricultureproduction agriculture
Parry Klassen, Executive DirectorParry Klassen, Executive Director
Jim Markle, Assistant Projects ManagerJim Markle, Assistant Projects Manager
Tamara Taliaferro, Projects CoordinatorTamara Taliaferro, Projects Coordinator
www.curesworks.orgwww.curesworks.org
E coli Bacteria E coli Bacteria Most common exceedance Most common exceedance
SourcesSources BirdsBirds
Squirrels Squirrels
Other wild animalsOther wild animals
Leaky sewer lines or septic systemsLeaky sewer lines or septic systems
Dairy runoff Dairy runoff
Irrigated pastureIrrigated pasture
Domestic animals (dogs, cats)Domestic animals (dogs, cats)
Manure applied to residential yards or farmland.Manure applied to residential yards or farmland.
E coliE coli Bacteria Bacteria Is it from irrigated agriculture?Is it from irrigated agriculture?
Not all, but …Not all, but … Make sure our own house is in orderMake sure our own house is in order
- Proper manure storageProper manure storage
- Proper manure applicationProper manure application
- Drainage management in irrigated pasture Drainage management in irrigated pasture
Manure ProfileManure Profile
Non-composted or incompletely Non-composted or incompletely composted manure carries harmful composted manure carries harmful pathogens.pathogens.- PathogensPathogens are bacteria that may are bacteria that may
potentially cause human illnesses.potentially cause human illnesses.- PathogensPathogens can survive for several can survive for several
years after application years after application
Stacked and aged manure has less Stacked and aged manure has less potential to harbor surviving potential to harbor surviving pathogens.pathogens.
Manure and compost should be closely Manure and compost should be closely managedmanaged
Manure/CompostManure/Compost Best Management Practices (BMPs) Best Management Practices (BMPs)
Source: Almond Board of California, Good Agricultural PracticesSource: Almond Board of California, Good Agricultural Practices
Use only treated compost/manure that has undergone Use only treated compost/manure that has undergone pathogen reduction by decomposing and stabilizingpathogen reduction by decomposing and stabilizing
““The Almond Board of California does not support the use of manure as The Almond Board of California does not support the use of manure as fertilizer, but if use, the manure must be applied properly.”fertilizer, but if use, the manure must be applied properly.”
Composting PracticesComposting Practices
Maintain compost temperature between 131Maintain compost temperature between 131 ْْ F-141F-141 ْْF F for at least 15 days in a windrow composting system.for at least 15 days in a windrow composting system.
Rotate windrows at least 5 times over this period.Rotate windrows at least 5 times over this period.
If you buy compost:If you buy compost:- Ask for proof from compost producer that he has Ask for proof from compost producer that he has
followed proper procedures to reduce pathogens.followed proper procedures to reduce pathogens.
Raw manures that have not been composted must sit for at Raw manures that have not been composted must sit for at least 6 months prior to application.least 6 months prior to application.
Storing Storing Raw ManureRaw Manure
Develop physical barriers to Develop physical barriers to act as a buffer to help prevent act as a buffer to help prevent contamination from stacked contamination from stacked piles.piles.
Provide covers or other Provide covers or other barriers to minimize the barriers to minimize the particle drift that may be particle drift that may be caused by wind onto caused by wind onto unintended products or crops.unintended products or crops.
Storing Raw ManureStoring Raw Manure
Stacked manure should reach 131Stacked manure should reach 131 ْْ - 140- 140 ْْ for at for at least 3 days at a depth of 12-24” in order to kill least 3 days at a depth of 12-24” in order to kill harmful pathogensharmful pathogens
Don’t add fresh manure to an already Don’t add fresh manure to an already decomposing stack: this will only re-contaminate decomposing stack: this will only re-contaminate the stackthe stack
BMP Application ProceduresBMP Application Procedures
Apply manure when the soils are warm and not saturated Apply manure when the soils are warm and not saturated
Incorporate manure into soil immediately after application to Incorporate manure into soil immediately after application to prevent wind drift and runoff in storm waterprevent wind drift and runoff in storm water
If incorporation isn’t possible use adequately composted If incorporation isn’t possible use adequately composted materials to maximize pathogen elimination.materials to maximize pathogen elimination.
Almonds: never apply non-treated compost 120 days prior to Almonds: never apply non-treated compost 120 days prior to harvestharvest
BMP Application ProceduresBMP Application Procedures
Document compost/manure applicationsDocument compost/manure applications- Date, rate and locationDate, rate and location
Do not …Do not …- sidedress with fresh or slurry manuresidedress with fresh or slurry manure- use biosolids or municipal waste. use biosolids or municipal waste.
A pathogen reduction checklist to record this data included in handoutsA pathogen reduction checklist to record this data included in handouts
Parry KlassenParry Klassen
Executive DirectorExecutive Director
559-288-8125559-288-8125
[email protected]@unwiredbb.com
"Education For Environmental Responsibility"