Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World @ the Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World @ the End ofEnd of Last Millennium and The Beginning of this Last Millennium and The Beginning of this

MillenniumMillennium using using Multi-Scale Time-Series Multi-Scale Time-Series Satellite Sensor DataSatellite Sensor Data

Prasad Thenkabail, Chandrashekkar Biradar, Hugh Turral, and Mitch Prasad Thenkabail, Chandrashekkar Biradar, Hugh Turral, and Mitch

SchullSchull

IWMI Irrigated Area Map of the World Version 1.0 (upcoming)

1982-1985

1996-1999

2001-2002

Krishna basin

Ganges basin

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World

Overarching GoalsOverarching Goals

1. Map Irrigated Areas of the World @ 1 to 10-km scale

2. Map Irrigated areas of selected River Basins @ 500-m scale

IWMI Irrigated Area Map of the World Version Beta (upcoming) Annual Rainfall <36 cm

In Segments

Ganges IWMI Ganges Kassel/FAO

Key Achievements and Knowledge Generation

http://www.iwmidsp.org/

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World @ IWMIMapping Irrigated Areas of the World @ IWMI

Key AchievementsKey Achievements1. Global irrigated area maps and characteristics Version 1.0

of IWMI (release November end, 2004)• 1-10 km resolution• Characteristics of irrigated area classes

2. River basin Irrigated area maps and characteristics of IWMI (available online: www.iwmidsp.org)

• 500m -10-km resolution• Ganges and Krishna basins• Accuracy assessments• Comparisons with USGS, GLC, National Census, and kassel

3. Advanced methods and techniques• A number of advanced innovative methods and techniques (e.g.,

hyperspectral, quantitative spectral matching) used will be discussed in 3-4 papers in pipeline for year 2005.

4. Online access to IWMI’s Data and Knowledge on irrigated areas

• Primary data used in the project is made available globally through online access

• Irrigated area maps and characteristics made available globally through online access

IWMI Irrigated Area Map of the World Version 1.0 (upcoming)

Only irrigated area shown above; de-highlighting all other classes shown below

Irrigated Areas @ 1-10 km

Snap-shot of Irrigated Areas @ 150-m

Zoom into Irrigated Areas @ 150-m

Very Slow: 10fps

AVHRR NDVI, Monthly, 1997-1999AVHRR NDVI, Monthly, 1982-1985

Dynamic Irrigated Area Maps and Characteristics

Example: Krishna River Basin

How Does it Compare with Others?

http://www.iwmidsp.org/

Irri: Rice, sugarcane

Irri: Rice, sugarcane

Irri: Other crops, fallow

Irri: Water logged crop

Irri: Rice with wetlands

Irri: Rice & other crops

Global Map of Irrigated Areas (.5 degree, Kassel / FAO, 2001)

Global Map of Irrigated Areas, Indo-Ganges (500m, IWMI, 2004)

500-m MODIS

50-km Digitized from maps, various sources from Nations

33.1 Mha Irrigated

31.2 Mha Irrigated

Total study area: 133 Mha

Note: 12.3 Mha rainfed + supplemental Irri. (not in image)

Percent Irrigated: < 0.1 or null

Irrigated: Other crops

Irrigated: Rice/Sugarcane

Irrigated Area Map (Kassel/FAO) Irrigated Area Map (IWMI)

Landsat Geocover 2000 image

Differences in Irrigated Area Mapping

Kassel

IWMI

Truth

Ganges River Basin Irrigated Areas from Different RS Studies

Ganges-Classification Irrigated area deviation from this study(also includes rainfed with suppl.)

USGS (1992-1993) 32,255,630 (ha) 16.6 (%) less than ours

GLC (2000) 56,466,954 (ha) 33.4 (%) more than ours

IWMI (2001-2002) 37,602,567 (ha) This study (irrigated + supplemental)

IWMI (2001-2002) 26,873,934 (ha) This study (irrigated pure)

USGS (1993)

GLC (2000)

IWMI (2004)GLC has 2 irrigated area classes class 32 and 33. Class 33 in actual is a mix of rainfed and supplemental.

Change in a decade is 16.6 % additional area (taking IWMI irrigated + supplemental).

Just look in Ganges area

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the WorldMapping Irrigated Areas of the World

IWMI vs. OthersIWMI vs. OthersSource Level Scale or resolution Spatial Map Remarks

1.0 Irrigated Area MappingIWMI (2004-05) Global 1-10 km yes Work in progress. Multi scale

satellite sensor data, temporal, DEM, rainfall, and other secondary datasets

River basins 500-m yes MODIS data for Krishna and Ganges

Kassel/FAO Global 50-km Yes National Statistics and Maps

2.0 LULC Mapping (deriving “rough estimates” of irrigated areas from indirect means)

FAO Global various No From National census datasets

GLC2000 Global 1-km yes SPOT Vegetation data @ 1-km

USGS (1992-93) Global 1-km yes AVHRR 1992-93 data

3.0 National Efforts (Note: has gone into Kassel/FAO effort)Individual Countries National various No National census dataIWMI Irrigated Area Mapping Advances: (a) first RS/GIS based work @

Global level (thereby consistent set of indicators for entire World), (b) the best spatial scale so far from any sources @ Global level, and (c) in methods and techniques.

Use of Irrigated area Information

http://www.iwmidsp.org/

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World

Use Data and KnowledgeUse Data and Knowledge

a. Area irrigatedb. Spatial distribution of irrigatedc. Dominant crops in each irrigated

classesd. Intensity of irrigation (% irri. in a

pixel)for each month

e. Characteristics of irrigated classesa. Green upb. Green peakc. Amplituded. Magnitudee. Biomass accumulationf. single, double, continuous

cropping

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2. Inputs to Global models

1. GPG, CP, IWMI researcher a. filling information gap b. providing consistent information c. Mapping baseline conditions

3. Capacity for other Global work @ IWMI a. Wetlands of the World

b. GW studies in the region c. Water productivity estimations in river basins

Where do we go from here?

http://www.iwmidsp.org/

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World

Where do We Go From HereWhere do We Go From Here1. Global irrigated area map of the World @ 1-10 km Version 2.0 • Evaluations and consultations on version 1.0• Improvements to version 1.0, release of version 2.0 (e.g., major crop

groups)• Comprehensive characteristics of irrigated area classes (e.g., irrigation

intensity)• Animations and behavior of irrigated areas over time and space• Accuracy assessment• Comparison with National statistics and/or with other studies and/or

ground truth• Wide dissemination

2. Global irrigated area mapping @ 30 to 150-m scale• 2005 completion and release of version 1.0• 2006 write up and release of version 2.0

………………Budget for 2005 is 275k including staff time (1 full time RS expert, 2 part time RS experts, 1 senior researcher for 6 months, 1 month of principal scientist, data, software, hardware); 2006 the budget will be 200k.

3. Online access to IWMI’s Data and Knowledge on irrigated areas

Questions and Discussions