Maritime Logistics in the Baltic Sea Region – Structure, Dynamic and Future Challenges Prof. Dr....

Maritime Logistics in the Baltic Sea Region –

Structure, Dynamic and Future Challenges

Prof. Dr. Karl-Heinz Breitzmann

Baltic Institute of Marketing, Transport and Tourism at the University of RostockRound table discussion

"Deepening our Cooperation towards a fully-fledged Maritime Economy in the Baltic Sea

Region”

Berlin, 22 April 2008

Baltic Institute of Marketing, Transport and Tourism at the University of Rostock 2

Contents

1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea Region2. Structure and dynamic of Baltic maritime transport and ports3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport

3.1 Container transport3.2 Ro/Ro traffic3.3 Oil transport3.4 Cruise shipping

4. Some future challenges for international cooperation4.1 Protection of marine environment4.2 Transport connections between ports and their hinterland4.3 Transit policy and fair competition


1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea Region

2. Structure and dynamic of Baltic maritime transport and ports

3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport

3.1 Container transport

3.2 Ro/Ro traffic

3.3 Oil transport

3.4 Cruise shipping

4. Some future challenges for international cooperation4.1 Protection of marine environment

4.2 Transport connections between ports their hinterland

4.3 Transit policy and fair competition

Contents


1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea RegionMap 1: Baltic Sea Area


1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea RegionTab. 1: Baltic Sea Transport and its position in World Sea Transport

Source: Heeckt, H.: Die Seehäfen in Skandinavien und im übrigen Ostseeraum. Handbuch der europäischen Seehäfen Band II, Hamburg 1968; UNCTAD: Review of maritime transport, New York and Geneva, various editions; own estimations

World Sea Transport

(mio tons) (mio tons) (%)1929 470 59 12,61937 490 78 15,91960 1.080 110 10,21989 3.891 300 7,72000 5.872 400 6,82006 7.416 600 8,1

YearBaltic Sea Transport


1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea RegionFig. 1: Economical dualism and economic growth in the Baltic Sea Region

Germany

Poland

Russia

Denmark

Sweden

Finland

Lithuania

Estonia

Latvia

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Medial annual growth of real GDP 2001-2006 (% )

GN

I pe

r c

ap

ita

20

06

, me

as

ure

d in

PP

P (

US

D)


1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea RegionTab. 2: Development of the foreign trade between Germany and countries in the BSR (bill. EUR)

Source: Federal Statistical Office Germany

Country 1992 1998 2005 20072007:

1992 (%)

Denmark 14,0 15,5 21,9 26,4 188Norway 7,6 11,9 20,7 25,3 332Sweden 14,7 19,5 28,5 35,9 244Finland 6,2 9,3 15,7 18,7 301sum 42,5 56,2 86,8 106,2 250

Russia 7,1 15,1 38,9 57,0 802Poland 8,4 20,8 38,0 60,2 717Estonia 0,1 0,6 1,3 1,8 1848Latvia 0,3 0,9 1,3 2,2 717Lithuania 0,3 1,4 2,1 3,5 1175sum 16,2 38,8 81,6 124,7 770total 58,7 91,0 168,5 209,3 357

Market economies

Transition economies


71,150,9 53,6 59,6 68,1

81,6 89,1 87,574,8 75,6

101,9 107,3

135,9

183,2

303,90

240,0

105,0

116,3

96,375,4

61,053,844,939,5

57,467,662,260,8

50,544,343,044,5

81,8

155,4

200

100

0

100

200

300

400

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Export Import

1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea RegionFig. 2: Development of the Russian export and import (bill. USD)

Source: Feiguine, G.; EBRD World Bank: Russian Economic Report November 2007


1. Importance of maritime logistics for the Baltic Sea Region

2. Structure and dynamic of Baltic maritime transport and ports

3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport

3.1 Container transport

3.2 Ro/Ro traffic

3.3 Oil transport

3.4 Cruise shipping

4. Some future challenges for international cooperation4.1 Protection of marine environment

4.2 Transport connections between ports their hinterland

4.3 Transit policy and fair competition

Contents


2. Structure and dynamic of Baltic maritime transport and portsFig. 3: Structure of Baltic Sea Transport According to Traffic Relation and Transport Technology

raw materials/ bulk goodsmanufactured goods/

general cargopassengers

large tankers

large bulk carriers

system carriers

Baltic internal traffichandy and medium size tankers and bulk carriers

ferry lines

system carriers ro/ro-services

ferry lines

Traffic RelationTransport technologies/ Operation modes

Baltic external trafficcontainer feeder services

(ro/ro-services)cruise shipping


2. Structure and dynamic of Baltic maritime transport and portsTab. 3: Structure of Baltic maritime transport depending on type of cargo (2006)

Source: own calculations based on Eurostat March 08

mio tons Share (%)

Liquid bulk goods 256,8 44,2 201,8 55,0

Dry bulk goods 139,8 24,1 103,6 36,2

Container 50,6 8,7 46,2 4,4

Ro/Ro 69,7 12,0 13,5 56,2

Other cargo (breakbulk cargo)

63,7 11,0 48,0 15,7

Total 580,6 100,0 413,1 167,5

Total External Baltic transport (mio tons)

Internal Baltic transport (mio tons)

Type of cargo


2. Structure and dynamic of Baltic maritime transport and portsTab. 4: Volume and structure of Baltic maritime transport 2006 (mio tons)

Source: own calculations based on Eurostat March 08

Country TotalShare of total transport (%)

External Baltic transport

Internal Baltic transport

Germany (Baltic Sea) 31,5 5,4 8,8 22,7Denmark 62,6 10,8 36,8 25,8Sweden 112,1 19,3 63,5 48,6Finland 70,6 12,2 43,3 27,3Russia 148,9 25,6 133,7 15,2Estonia 40,1 6,9 32,7 7,4Latvia 47,8 8,2 39,9 7,9Lithuania 22,4 3,9 17,7 4,7Poland 44,7 7,7 36,7 8,0Total 580,7 100,0 413,1 167,6


2. Structure and dynamic of Baltic maritime transport and portsTab. 5: Development of cargo turnover in Baltic Sea Ports (mio tons)

* including North Sea ports

1988/89 1992/93 1994/95 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006Germany 53 40 50 53 50 51 52 57Denmark* 93 93 99 85 90 88 86 93Sweden 119 117 126 159 161 167 178 180Finland 67 71 87 92 106 107 100 111Russia 30 12 15 38 72 115 141 164Estonia 9 12 15 40 47 45 47 50Latvia 43 28 39 52 55 57 60 57Lithuania 21 15 13 23 32 27 26 27Poland 52 44 52 48 51 57 55 53Total 487 432 496 590 664 715 745 792


Contents



4. Some future challenges for international cooperation4.1 Protection of marine environment4.2 Transport connections between ports their hinterland4.3 Transit policy and fair competition


3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.1 Container transportTab. 6: Container turnover in Baltic Sea Ports depending on country (in 1.000 TEU)

*) Lübeck only

Source: Ocean Shipping Consultants; Eurostat; National Statistics Services; Port Authorities

*)

Country/Port 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006 2007Germany 94 82 130 161 284 249Denmark 456 487 538 614 684Sweden 624 797 1110 1186 1286Finland 520 914 1297 1314 1393 1554Russia 92 306 846 1227 1604 1950Estonia 39 77 113 128 152 181Latvia 120 85 152 156 177 212Lithuania 30 40 174 214 232 321Poland 154 228 449 502 582 671


3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.1 Container transportFig. 4: Shift of ratio in Baltic container transport depending on country

4,3

24,4

29,3

21,4

7,2

8,9

4,4

10,1

30,3

26,4

16,1

7,66,7

2,7

25,1

21,8

20,1

10,79,1 8,8

4,4

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

25,0

30,0

35,0

Russia Finland Sweden Denmark Poland BalticRepublics

Germany

Sh

are

(%

)

1995 2000 2006


3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.1 Container transportFig. 5: Container turnover in Baltic Sea Ports

92

386

140 131223

30 0

290

556

188 192

291

40 16

1.698

841

614563

427

321252

0

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.600

1.800

St.Petersburg

Gothenborg Gdynia Kotka Aarhus Klaipeda Kaliningrad

Tu

rno

ver

in 1

.000

TE

U

1995 2000 2007*) 2006

*)


3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.2 Ro/Ro trafficTab. 7: Ferry and RoRo traffic - main relations, trailer and rail wagons (in 1.000 Units)

*) without FinnlinesSource: ShipPax Halmstad

2005 : 1995 (%)Trucks/ Trailer

Rail wagons

Trucks/ Trailer

Rail wagons

Total

1. Germany - Sweden 484 144 876 86 1532. Sweden - Denmark 454 13 600 - 1283. Germany - Denmark 287 189 412 - 874. Finland - Sweden 197 16 282 11 1385. Sweden - Poland 54 50 232 17 2396. Finland - Estonia 57 - 177 - 3117. Denmark - Norway 86 - 142 - 1658. Denmark - Lithuania 6,6 - 33 - 5009. Finland - Germany * 2,7 26 81 - n.v.10. Germany - Lithuania 21 21 64 5 16411. Germany - Norway 37 - 49 - 13212. Sweden - Latvia 0,1 - 41 - -13. Germany - Latvia - - 14 - n.v.14. Norway - Sweden 13 - 25 - 19215. Sweden - Lithuania - - 69 - n.v.16. Sweden - Estonia 21 - 49 - 233 Total 1720 459 3146 119 150

1995 2005


3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.3 Oil transportTab. 8: Important Oil Ports in the Baltic Sea

* Crude oil and oil products

2000 2003 2004 2005 2006

Primorsk Russia - 17,7 44,6 57,4 66,1

Tallinn/ Muuga Estonia 18,0 23,8 25,8 26,1 24,1

Gothenburg Sweden 19,0 17,3 19,9 19,5 20,6

Brofjorden Sweden 19,9 19,5 19,1 19,2 18,6

Ventspils Latvia 26,4 17,6 16,9 18,1 18,0

Sköldvik Finland 15,9 14,1 19,2 17,4 15,3

Fredericia Denmark 13,3 11,4 12,0 15,2 14,1

St. Petersburg Russia 7,4 11,0 13,5 15,6 13,0

Gdansk Poland 6,1 10,0 11,2 11,7 12,9

Vysotsk Russia - - 1,6 6,9 9,7

Kaliningrad Russia 9,5 8,7 9,6

Klaipeda Lithuania 6,0 6,6 7,6 7,2 8,2

Statoil Port Denmark 9,0 8,3 8,8 7,8 7,5

Kopenhagen/ Malmö Denmark/ Sweden 6,6 5,7 6,1 6,0

Butinge Lithuania 3,5 10,7 7,2 6,1 5,9

Naantali Finland 2,0 2,5 2,7 1,2 2,5

Rostock Germany 2,8 1,8 2,0 2,6 2,1

Port CountryCargo handling* (mio tons)


3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.4 Cruise shippingTab. 9: Cruise Passengers in Baltic Ports 2000 – 2007 (in 1.000)

Ports 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20072007:2000

(%)

Ø yearly growth

2000:2006 6 leading ports 847 941 791 1.140 1.327 1.633 1.765 1.832Increase (%) - 11,1 -6,6 44,1 16,4 23,1 8,1 3,85 medium-sized ports 283 230 343 438 486 531 553 567Increase (%) - -18,7 49,1 27,7 11 9,3 4,1 2,5Smaller ports 83 84 78 92 124 133 161 139Increase (%) 2,4 -7,1 17,9 34,8 4,8 4,6 -13,7Total 1.213 1.255 1.212 1.670 1.937 2.297 2.479 2.538Increase (%) - 3,5 -3,4 38,0 16,0 18,6 7,9 2,4

216 11,7

209 11,1

200 10,4

167 9


Port Country 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Copenhagen Denmark 140 183 232 173 250 320 387 399 500St. Petersburg Russia 76 149 164 143 204 253 300 306 299Tallinn Estonia 109 134 127 203 205 292 297 292Stockholm Sweden 60 157 170 127 202 210 228 287 281Helsinki Finland 75 140 148 135 161 195 240 270 260Oslo Norway 65 109 93 86 120 144 186 206 200Sub-Total A 847 941 791 1.140 1.327 1.633 1.765 1.832

Kiel Germany 37 48 51 52 93 129 132 154 173Riga Latvia 9 19 25 108 180 125 94 82 128Rostock Germany 22 53 64 78 95 92 103 143 115Gdynia Poland 54 115 56 27 58 73 89 94 89Visby Sweden 31 49 34 78 102 67 113 80 62Sub-Total B 283 230 343 438 486 531 553 567

83 84 78 92 124 133 161 139Total A,B,C 1.213 1.255 1.212 1.670 1.937 2.297 2.479 2.538

A: Leading cruise ports

B: Medium-sized cruise ports

C: Smaller Cruise ports

1) 1996 2) 1997

1)

1)

1)

1)

1)

1)

2)

3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.4 Cruise shippingTab. 10: Cruise Passengers in Baltic Sea Ports (in 1.000)


Port Country 1997 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Klaipeda Lithuania n.a. 3,6 6,0 7,7 8,8 14,2 24,1 25,0 37,0Arhus Denmark 6,0 12,9 13,3 15,9 25,0 17,1 30,5 30,2 18,0Rønne Denmark 27,0 11,9 14,2 13,8 14,5 17,4 14,9 16,3 13,0Gdansk Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. 3,6 3,4 7,4 8,4 9,7 12,2Gothenburg Sweden 65,0 3,5 2,4 2,4 5,5 14,2 12,9 11,3 10,3Helsingborg Sweden 4,0 6,0 8,4 2,7 3,2 3,1 6,0 8,3 7,4Rauma Finland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,2Lübeck Germany 3,2 23,3 16,0 11,9 10,0 11,8 12,0 18,5 6,3Mariehamn Finland 1,4 2,0 3,0 0,6 8,0 6,0 3,8 2,7 5,7Sassnitz Germany 1,4 3,0 3,4 1,9 1,9 0,8 6,2 19,1 3,5Skagen Denmark 0,2 4,5 2,6 2,2 3,3Malmö Sweden 1,9 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0,5 0,6 3,3Vaasa Finland 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,0 2,5 3,0Turku Finland 4,6 5,7 6,8 3,4 6,2 15,1 9,7 1,8 2,4Kemi Finland 0 0,7 0 0 0 0,7 1,8 2,0 2,0Helsingør Denmark n.a. 1,9 0 0,2 0,3 6,9 3,8 2,1 1,7Karlskrona Sweden 0 0 0 0 1,0 1,0 2,5 2,5 1,5Kalmar Sweden 3,2 4,1 10,5 13,8 3,7 1,6 2,1 2,7 0,8Szczecin/Sw. Poland 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,1 1,0 0,3Ystad Sweden 0,6 2,5 1,0 - 0,1Aalborg Sweden - - - - - n.a. n.a. 2,6 -Sub-Total n.a. 82.7 84,0 77,9 92,3 124,3 132,5 161,2 139,01) 1998Source: compiled from H. P. Wild; T. Peisley; COWI; own recherches in ports

1)

3. Main segments of Baltic maritime transport3.4 Cruise shippingTab. 11: Smaller cruise ports


Contents



4. Some future challenges for international cooperation4.1 Protection of marine environment4.2 Transport connections between ports their hinterland4.3 Transit policy and fair competition


4. Some future challenges4.1 Protection of marine environmentTab. 12: Reported vessel accidents in the Baltic Sea

Year NumberAccidents involving

tankers (number)Leakage of oil

(number)2000 62 12 52001 56 13 42002 61 11 02003 71 11 112004 142 16 92005 146 22 132006 117 14 3

Source: HELCOM


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Source: ITOPF

Leakages of oil per year

Average in the decade

1970-79:Ø 25,2 Leakages of oil

per year


per year1990-99:

Ø 7,8 Leakages of oil per year


per year

4. Some future challenges4.1 Protection of marine environmentTab. 13: Number of leakages of oil caused by vessel accidents (over 700 tons)


Contents



4. Some future challenges for international cooperation4.1 Protection of marine environment4.2 Transport connections between ports and their hinterland4.3 Transit policy and fair competition


Thank you for your attention!

Baltic Institute of Marketing, Transport and Tourism at the University of Rostock

Ulmenstraße 69

D - 18057 Rostock

Fon: +49/381/498 4455

Fax: +49/381/498 4456

e-mail: [email protected]

Date post:	15-Dec-2015
Category:	Documents
Upload:	brittany-claxton
View:	215 times
Download:	1 times

Maritime Logistics in the Baltic Sea Region – Structure, Dynamic and Future Challenges Prof. Dr....

Documents