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Mass Society & Democracy Chapter 20Mr. Bermudez
Do Now Answer the question below
How might industrialization impact the economic, political, and social situation throughout the world?
Homework: Marconi Biography Questions
The Second Industrial Revolution Industrial progress was extremely strong in the
West A lot of money to be made! Why is money associated with progress? How
might this motivate people to industrialize?
Second Industrial Revolution: technological revolution in the following industries Steel Chemicals Electricity Petroleum
New Products Bessemer Process: a new process making
high quality steel efficient and cheap. Sir Henry Bessemer, 1855
Electricity: valuable form of energy which can generate heat, light, and motion. Easily transferred through wires Thomas Edison: invented light bulb “We will make electricity so cheep that
only the rich will burn candles”
Alexander Graham Bell: invented the telephone in 1876.
New Patterns People made more money and consumer goods
cost less Why might this be? Assembly Line: manufacturing method in which
broke up tasks to put together a product, making it easy to make a good faster
Mass Production: thanks to the Assembly line companies can produce more of a product, lowering the price.
Toward a World Economy What might be meant by a world economy?
Explain.
Receiving goods
Investing in infrastructure
Europe dominates world economy
Working Class Industrialized Society
Harsh conditions on workers Crowded Slums Long Hours Dangerous Work Environment
Goals for Reform Reformers believe Industrial Capitalism is Brutal
and Heartless
Moderates: work within the system, fewer hours better benefits, safe working conditions
Radicals: abolish the capitalist system and create a socialist one.
Marx’s Theory Karl Marx: wrote the Communist Manifesto
“history of class struggles” Oppressor and the Oppressed Bourgeoisie: middle class Proletariat: working class
Struggle would lead to revolution Dictatorship: a government which has a person or
small groups has absolute power Abolishment of economic differences, no classes
Socialist Parties Social Democratic Party: encouraging
revolution
Second International: global party fighting capitalism around the world.
Revisionist: rejected revolutionary approach, argued for workers to organize and work with other parties to gain reforms
Trade Unions Trade Unions: forces working for evolutionary,
rather than revolutionary, socialism through unionization. Collective Bargaining: negotiating for better
conditions How did trade unions help to improve working
conditions?
The Emergence of Mass Society
20-2
The New Urban Environment Urbanization and industrialization
Mass society concerned with conditions of lower class
Government must now appeal to the masses, not simply the wealthy
Crowded Cities Sanitation
Growth of Urban Problems Urban populations increase significantly.
Urban dwellers make up 60% of England’s population.
Jobs and access to services drive migration.
Improvements in Public Health and Sanitation Edwin Chadwick: urged local government within
England to deal with the filthy conditions within the cities Diseases a constant for city dwellers
Cholera: infected local water
Geography Skills Open to page 659
Look at the map
Answer the questions which relate
Social Structure: New Elite 5% of the population
Controlled 30-40% of the wealth
Upper-Middle-Class: Merchants, Bankers, and Industrialist join landed aristocracy New Elite
The Diverse Middle Class Middle-Middle Class: Lawyers, Doctors, Civil
Service, Business managers, engineers, architects, accountants, chemists. Comfortable
Lower-Middle Class: small shopkeepers, traders, and prosperous farmers.
White Collar Workers: in between lower-middle and lower class, ascribed to middle-class ideals. Salespeople, bookkeepers, telephone operators, secretaries.
Hard work will pay off
Education and Leisure Universal Education: Everyone receives a basic
education Product of the mass society of the 20th century Education normally only afforded to middle and
upper class children
1870-1914 Governments finance primary education for
boys/girls ages 6-12 States took responsibility of training teachers by
establishing schools. How might this move to universal education
impact society? Why do you think this was possible during this era?
Public Education
Second Industrial Revolution Need for skilled workers Boys and Girls now have more job possibilities
Chief Motive Universal Suffrage (voting)
Better-Educated Voter Patriotism/Nationalism
Result of Education Literacy: ability to read Mass Media: newspapers
Sensational Writing: exaggerating the truth
New Forms of Leisure Amusement Parks, Dance Halls, and Team
Sporting Events
People spent more time relaxing after work and on weekends
People willing to spend money to enjoy life
History and Arts Open to page 664
Answer the two questions which relate.
Do NowAnswer the following question
How do you think the Second Industrial Revolution might impact women economically, politically, and socially?
Homework: Primary Source Reading
Women’s Experiences Read through the documents
Complete the organizer
Once completed
Come to receive the DBQ’s Packet
The National State and DemocracyChapter 30-3
Do NowTake out homework.
Answer the following questionHow might the growth of
Industrialization create international rivalries? Explain why this might happen.
Homework: People in World History- Andrew Carnegie
Graphic Organizer
Open to page 668
Read about the changes within national states and how democracy was able to strengthen within Europe.
Complete the Organizer as it relates to each section.
Uncertainty Grows
People out their faith in Science Hard Facts Cold Reason Offered Certainty
Humans could completely understand the physical world and reality
Many questions!
Curie and the Atom
Marie Curie: discovered that an element called radium which gives off energy, radiation.
Einstein and Relativity Albert Einstein: created Theory of Relativity and
helped create atom bomb.
Freud and Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud: doctor from Vienna who
proposed theories regarding the nature of the human mind. Interpretation of Dreams
human behavior is determined by past experiences and internal forces which people are unaware.
Psychoanalysis: therapist/patient can retrieve repressed memories of childhood
Extreme Nationalism What is Nationalism? How may this become
extreme? Why?
Loyalty to nation over faith
Preserve nation’s status and national traditions
Social Darwinism and Racism Social Darwinism: “Survival of the fittest” the
strong advance while the weak decline. People reject idea that they should care for the poor
Nations “Struggle for Existence” “War is a biological necessity of the first importance,
… since without it an unhealthy development will follow, which excludes every advancement of the race, and therefore all real civilization. War is the father od all things”- German General Friedrich von Bernhardi
Anti-Semitism and Zionism
Anti-Semitism: hostility toward and discrimination against Jews not new to Europe Ghetto: areas of a city designed specifically for
Jewish people Pogroms: organized massacres
Zionism: nationalist movement to establish a Jewish state in Palestine Theodor Herzl The Jewish State