Master Class - Val de Loire Millésime Château Royal de Blois - 2018
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Intervenant Jean Michel DURIVAULT CQFDgustation – www.degustation.net
PRESENTATION OF THE SAUVIGNON GRAPE VARIETY
SAUVIGNON GRIS… TASTING OF 2 WINES IGP VAL DE LOIRE
SAUVIGNON RESEARCH IN THE LOIRE VALLEY
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SAUVIGNON IN THE LOIRE VALLEY TASTING OF 2 TOURAINE WINES
THE SAUVIGNONS OF THE LOIRE VALLEY: REMARKABLE EXPRESSIONS OF FORMIDABLE PERSONALITIES
TASTING OF 2 SAUVIGNONS FROM VAL DE LOIRE
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
PRESENTATION OF THE SAUVIGNON GRAPE VARIETY
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Sauvignon is a variety of white grapes of French origin, cultivated for several centuries in the Loire Valley and Bordeaux region.
Today, Sauvignon is highly internationalized (123,000 ha in 2015), being present in all the major wine producing countries.
In New Zealand, it is the most cultivated grape variety with nearly 20 500 ha.
source : OIV 2017
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Sauvignon owes its success in particular to its varietal aromas of the thiol family (blackcurrants, exotic fruits, boxwood...) which express themselves differently
according to the soils, the vintages and the growing conditions.
It is for its particular aromas that it is often vinified into dry white wines then consumed young.
Sauvignon also produces high quality sweet wines.
source : OIV 2017
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Synonymes
Sauvignon (AUS, NZL), Blanc Fumé (ZAF, CHL), Muscat Sylvaner (DEU), Fumé Blanc (DEU, AUS, CAN, USA, NZL), Weisser Sauvignon (MKD, HUN), Sovinjon Bel (MKD,HUN), Sauvignon Bianco (MKD, HUN), Sovinjon Bijeli (BIH), Sovinjon (BIH), Muškatni Silvanac (BIH, HRV), Sauvignon Bijeli (HRV, HUN), Sauvignon Blanco (CHL), Fume (CHL), Muscat Sylvaner (HUN), Gros Sauvignon (RUS),
Sauvignon Vert (RUS), Pinot Mestny Bely (RUS), Sauvignon Verde (ROU), Zeleni Sauvignon (SVN), Sauvignonasse (SVN).
source : OIV 2017
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Geo-economic distribution of Sauvignon Blanc throughout the world
In 2017, Sauvignon ranked 8th among the main vine varieties planted in the world with 123,000 hectares.
This variety is growing strongly, over +3%.
One third of the surface areas are in France and half in Europe.
More than 30 countries cultivate Sauvignon Blanc, 16 of which cultivate more than 200 hectares.
source : OIV 2017
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
source : OIV 2017 et * : New Zealand Wine (proportion of New Zealand wine production 2016)
CountrySurface
area (ha) % Total areaVariety rank Current Trend
FRANCE 30 000 3,7 10growth between
+1% et +3%
NOUVELLE ZELANDE 20 500 72 * 1
CHILI 15 000 7 2strong growth
> +3%
AFRIQUE DU SUD 10 000 7,7 5strong growth
> +3%
AUSTRALIE 6 000 4 5strong growth
> +3%
ROUMANIE 6 000 3,1 6strong growth
> +3%
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Sauvignon in the Loire Valley: key figures
9 AOP produce 100% with sauvignon + 1 IGP Val de Loire
1st French vineyard in production with 8734 ha in production (+10% in 5 years)
Around 1000 winegrowers, cooperatives and wine merchants
The equivalent of 60 million bottles produced
Almost 50% sold for export
source : INTERLOIRE
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
SAUVIGNON GRIS…
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
SAUVIGNON GRIS…
It is native to Bordeaux for some, endemic to Poitou for others.
It results from the grey mutation of Sauvignon Blanc with a slightly pink colour at maturity. It gives powerful wines with floral and muscat aromas.
It is also called Sauternes or Blanc Fumé in Nièvre, Ahumat in Béarn, Fié in Touraine or Surin in Poitou.
It was very present in the Loire Valley before disappearing completely because in 1958, there were only 10 hectares in France.
The area planted in France, although still confidential with 660 hectares simply doubled between 2008 and 2011, thanks to the work of enthusiasts, including
Jacky Preys in Valençay.
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
21 3
54 6
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018
CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
TASTING
- IGP Val de Loire - Sauvignon Gris (n°1) - IGP Val de Loire - Sauvignon Gris (n°2)
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
WINES TASTED
IGP Val de Loire - Sauvignon Gris Domaine de l’Epinay
Cyrille et Sylvain PAQUEREAU
Sauvignon Gris 2017
IGP Val de Loire - Sauvignon Gris Domaine des Renardières
Isabelle BUREAU
Sauvignon Gris 2017
TASTING
- IGP Val de Loire - Sauvignon Gris (n°1) - IGP Val de Loire - Sauvignon Gris (n°2)
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018
CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
SAUVIGNON RESEARCH IN THE LOIRE VALLEY
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Les expressions du sauvignon en Val de Loire
Sauvignon is a grape variety recognisable by its varietal aromas.
The main descriptors used to describe the odour of a Sauvignon correspond to a complex chemical reality that is the subject of numerous research.
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Varietal aromas may be present in the fruit:
- either in an odorous state:
like pyrazines with the well-known green pepper smell in Cabernet grapes
or as terpene or norisoprenoid compounds found in Muscat varieties
- or in the form of non-odorous flavour precursors which will be revealed during the production of the wine:
like varietal thiols
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
If "pyrazines" and "terpenes" can be found in sauvignons, "varietal thiols" are the object of all attention.
The final quantity of the odorous compounds responsible for the varietal aroma of Sauvignon is very variable according to the terroirs, the cultivation practices
but also the vinification processes which will make it possible to reveal them.
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
The main varietal thiols (volatile sulfur compounds) are :
4MMP (4-mercaptopentan-2-one) giving smells of boxwood and broom...
A3MH (acétate de 3-mercaptohexyle) giving smells of boxwood, grapefruit zest, passion fruit, tropical fruit...
3MH (3-mercaptohexan-1-ol) giving smells of grapefruit, other citrus fruits, exotic fruits...
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
Beyond the chemical complexity, the difficulty is to "model" what is the part of the odour in intensity and quality coming from these main varietal thiols for
each taster according to the concentrations in the wines.
In collaboration with Pascal POUPAULT of the Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin in Amboise, we worked on this subject in application of a research he was
conducting on sulphur compounds and sensory quality of Sauvignon wines.
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
SULPHUR COMPOUNDS AND SENSORY QUALITY OF SAUVIGNON WINES: REASONING THE SULPHITING AND PROTECTION OF MOULT
Pascal POUPAULT1, Jean-Michel DURIVAULT2 1 Institut Français de la Vigne et du vin, 509 Avenue de Chanteloup – 37400 Amboise, France
2 CQFDgustation, 45 rue Bernard Palissy – 37000 Tours, France
« The aromatic expression of Sauvignon wines is linked to the nature and quantity of sulphur compounds present and preserved. The aromatic profile takes shape at
harvest.
It seems that the protection of the juices before the fermentation phase is essential. The nature and the level of this protection decide the proportion of the three aromatic components (vegetal, varietal, reduction) and the profile of the wine until it is bottled. The difficulty of the developer consists in revealing the
varietal potential without favouring reduction. »
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : Pascal POUPAULT - IFV d’Amboise, France
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : Pascal POUPAULT - IFV d’Amboise, France
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : Pascal POUPAULT - IFV d’Amboise, France
Végétal
Variétal
Réduction
Autres
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
SULPHUR COMPOUNDS AND SENSORY QUALITY OF SAUVIGNON WINES: REASONING THE SULPHITING AND PROTECTION OF MUSTS
RESULTS - CONCLUSIONS - PERSPECTIVES
« Protection (inerting and moderate sulphiting) before the fermentation phase conditions the quantity and quality of sulphur compounds. If protection during pressing leads to the wines richest in thiols, overprotection leads to reduction.
Until the conditioning, the control of the reduction, by the management of the balance of oxidation-reduction, can be managed by a reasoned sulphiting.
By following such a route, the producer must be able to exploit and preserve the aromatic potential of his harvest to the fullest. »
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : Pascal POUPAULT - IFV d’Amboise, France
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SAUVIGNON IN THE LOIRE VALLEY
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
From different raw materials, the professionals of the Loire Valley create very great sauvignons with
chosen profiles.
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
21 3
54 6
TASTING
- AOC Touraine (n°3) - AOC Touraine (n°4)
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018
CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
WINES TASTED
AOC Touraine Sauvignon Les Vignerons des Coteaux Romanais
Sylvette MORIN
Intrépide 2017
AOC Touraine Sauvignon Les Vignerons des Coteaux Romanais
Sylvette MORIN
Chateau de Pont 2015
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018
CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
TASTING
- AOC Touraine (n°3) - AOC Touraine (n°4)
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
And now, how the wine makers have worked on these wines
and how they express the respective qualities.....
source : La Maison du Touraine
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
INTREPIDE 2017 Grape variety : Sauvignon – Touraine AOP
Technical itinerary :
- Parcel selection in the commune of Couddes because every year I find there grapes with the typical aromatic markers desired for this cuvée.
- Harvest very early (3am) to keep the thiols fresh.
- Direct pressing with splitting of the presses that are not reincorporated.
- FA at 17°C and racking early enough at the end FA to lighten the wine.
- Controlled yeasting, fining with pea flour.
source : La Maison du Touraine
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
INTREPIDE 2017
Grape variety : Sauvignon – Touraine AOP
« The intrepid cuvée will surprise you with its aromatic expression typical of a Touraine sauvignon and its freshness. The maturity index allows the selection of grapes at the ideal time when grapefruit and rhubarb aromas are present. A
traditional vinification will allow the wine to offer its most beautiful expression. »
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : La Maison du Touraine
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
INTREPIDE 2017
Sauvignon Touraine AOP
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : La Maison du Touraine
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
CHÂTEAU DE PONT 2015 Grape variety : Sauvignon – Touraine AOP
Technical itinerary :
- Grapes grown to maximum maturity before stall and before the next rain! harvest in dry weather.
- Skin maceration of more than 12 hours with nitrogen inerting.
- Classic pressing with fractionation of the presses which are treated in hyperoxygenation with addition of glutathione and which are reincorporated.
- FA at 17°C, no FML.
- Classic ageing on fine lees for 15 months with light stirring.
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : La Maison du Touraine
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
CHÂTEAU DE PONT 2015
Grape variety : Sauvignon – Touraine AOP
« The Château de Pont cuvée is the fruit of an exceptional parcel located in the Indre et Loire region around Loches. Located near the Château de Pont and
over 25 years old, it offers grapes of rare quality, pushed to extreme maturity the aromas are concentrated with a beautiful finesse. Long ageing on fine lees
to perfect the naturally present aromatic potential. »
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : La Maison du Touraine
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
CHÂTEAU DE PONT 2015
Sauvignon Touraine AOP
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
source : La Maison du Touraine
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
THE SAUVIGNONS OF THE LOIRE VALLEY: REMARKABLE EXPRESSIONS OF FORMIDABLE
PERSONALITIES
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE - MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018 - CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
21 3
54 6
TASTING
- AOC Haut - Poitou (n°5) - AOC Touraine Chenonceaux (n°6)
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018
CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
WINES TASTED
AOC Haut - Poitou Domaine des Renardières
Isabelle BUREAU
Sauvignon Blanc 2017
AOC Touraine Chenonceaux Domaine des Echardières
Luc POULLAIN
La Long Bec 2016
MASTER CLASS INTERLOIRE MARDI 24 AVRIL 2018
CHÂTEAU ROYAL DE BLOIS
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley
TASTING
- AOC Haut - Poitou (n°5) - AOC Touraine Chenonceaux (n°6)
MERCI DE VOTRE ATTENTION
Sauvignon expressions in the Loire Valley