Supervisors:Prof. dr. ir. Fred van Keulen Prof. dr. ir. Kees GrimbergenDr. Ir. Hans Goosen Ir. Jerry de GrootPatrick van HolstHarry Jansen
Anne-Floor VetDepartment of BioMedical Engineering
A PREL IMINARY STUDY TO IMPROVE THE MAMMOGRAPHIC BREAST CANCER SCREENING WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A LOCAL PRESSURE SENSING SYSTEM
Master Thesis Colloquium 18-2-2011
1
INTRO
DUCTIO
N
Breast cancer
Introduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations
Most common cancer in women
1 out 8 women get any form of breast cancer
15% of all cancer deaths caused by breast cancer
Fairly treatable disease when detected early
2
INTRO
DUCTIO
N
Mammography
Population screening every 2 yearspost meno-pausal women25% less death cases
False-positive 68%False-negative 23-37%
Breast cancer detectionScreening (mammography)Diagnosing
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations 3
INTRO
DUCTIO
N
Mammography
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INTRO
DUCTIO
N
Mammography
Two x-ray images each breastCranial CaudalMedio Lateral Oblique
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X-ray CC
X-ray MLO
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INTRO
DUCTIO
N
Mammography
Compression especially applied toLower X-ray doseKeep tissue in position
Compression 111-200 N 1/3 breast thickness reduction
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations
OBJECTIVE
A preliminary study to improve mammographic breast cancer screening with the implementation of a local pressure sensing system.
Title
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Attached to the compression plate
A preliminary study to improve mammographic breast cancer screening with the implementation of a local pressure sensing system.
A preliminary study to improve mammographic breast cancer screening with the implementation of a local pressure sensing system.
Same protocol as used in standard mammography• No additional time and operation • Same compression
OBJECTIVE
Pre-menopausal breast
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations 8
Fat
Mammary gland
Cooper’s ligaments
Elasticity fat converges to elasticity glandular tissue in large deformations [1]
[1] Azar et al.
Fat
Mammary gland
Cooper’s ligaments
Healthy breast tissue
OBJECTIVE
Post-menopausal breast
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Glandular tissue atrophies
OBJECTIVE
Cancerous breast
TumorSpherical shapeHigher stiffness (8-20 times)
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OBJECTIVE
Breast containing a tumor Cylinder containing an inclusion
Problem description
Simplification of the problem:Geometry
Physiology
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30 mm
12
CON
TENTSIntroduction Objective Recommendations
Theoreticalstudy
Conclusions
Experimentalstudy
Contents
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations
13
CON
TENTS
Contents
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations
Introduction Objective Recommendations
Theoreticalstudy
Conclusions
Experimentalstudy
14
CON
TENTS
Contents
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations
Introduction Objective Recommendations
Theoreticalstudy
Conclusions
Experimentalstudy
THEORETICAL STU
DY
Finite Element Analysis
Th
PR
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THEORETICAL STU
DY
Finite Element Analysis
Input parameters:
Relative elasticity (Ehealty tissue : Etumor )Depth (P)
Radius (R)
Relative elasticity (E1/E2)Depth (P)
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations 16
THEORETICAL STU
DY
Finite Element Analysis
Input parameters:
Relative elasticity (Ehealty tissue : Etumor )Depth (P)
Radius (R)
Relative elasticity (E1/E2)Depth (P)
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THEORETICAL STU
DY
Results
Footprint (L)
Peak value
Depression
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Rela
tive
stre
ss
0 1-1
THEORETICAL STU
DY
Peak value
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2RP
Peak value
E1 E2
19
Relative depth (P/R)Relative elasticity (E1/E2)
Peak
Peak
THEORETICAL STU
DY
Footprint
E2
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations
2RPFootprint (L)
20
Foot
prin
t (D/
L)
Foot
prin
t (D/
L)
Relative depth (P/R)Relative elasticity (E1/E2)
E1
CON
TENTS
Contents
Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions RecommendationsIntroduction Objective Theoretical study Experimental study Conclusions Recommendations 21
Introduction Objective Recommendations
Theoreticalstudy
Conclusions
Experimentalstudy
EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Setup
Tensile tester Line-array pressure sensorsSilicone tissue phantom
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EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Setup
Tensile tester Line-array pressure sensorsSilicone tissue phantom
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EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Setup
Tensile tester Line-array pressure sensorsSilicone tissue phantom
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EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Setup
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EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Problems during experimental study
Lubrication layer to overcome shear stresses at the surface
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EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Results
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X (mm)
Rela
tive
stre
ss
EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Results
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X (mm)
Rela
tive
stre
ss
EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
Results
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X (mm)
Rela
tive
stre
ss
EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
results
12mm inclusion
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Rela
tive
stre
ss
X (mm)
CON
TENTS
Contents
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Introduction Objective Recommendations
Theoreticalstudy
Conclusions
Experimentalstudy
Objective: Feasibility of implementing local pressure sensors in standard mammographic devices
CON
CLUSIO
NS
Conclusions
•A peak is found in vertical stress distribution around an inclusion
•Relative depth (P/R) Does influence the stress distribution•Relative elasticity (E1 / E2 ) Does not influence the stress distribution
Theoretical study
Experimental study
•Inclusions smaller than 10 mm are not detected in the experimental study•Implementation in standard mammography is possible• Radio lucent pressure sensors• Filtering of shear stresses along surface
PROMISING FEATURE TO DETECT TUMORS
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CON
CLUSIO
NS
Where will this lead to..
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CON
TENTS
Contents
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Introduction Objective Recommendations
Theoreticalstudy
Conclusions
Experimentalstudy
RECOM
MEN
DATION
S
Theoretical study
Better geometry of the breast
Extending material properties:• Absolute elastic behavior• Viscoelastic behavior
Analytical definition of stress behavior around inclusionvalidate finite element analysis.
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RECOM
MEN
DATION
S
Better geometry to the breast
Experimental study
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Improving pressure sensing system• Radio-lucent pressure sensing system
• 2-dimensional instead of 1-dimensional
• Higher accuracy of the sensors• Higher resolutions of the sensors
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
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EXPERIMEN
TAL STUDY
results
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Single sensor circuit
Single sensor setup
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OBJECTIVE
Analytical problem
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