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Mastering NT Greek 20. Aorist Participles By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003 Baker Academic
Mastering NT Greek
20. Aorist Participles
By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003Baker Academic
Rapping the Lord’s Prayer
Pa<ter h[mw?n o[ e]n toi?j ou]ranoi?j:father our the one in heaven
a[giasqh<tw to> o@noma< sou make holy name your
e]lqe<tw h[ basilei<a sou: let come kingdom your
genhqh<tw to> qe<lhma< sou, let be will your
Rapping the Lord’s Prayer
w[j e]n ou]ran&? kai> e]pi> gh?j: as in heaven also on earth
to>n a@rton h[mw?n to>nthe bread our
e]piou<sion do>j h[mi?n sh<meron:daily give us today
Rapping the Lord’s Prayer
kai> a@fej h[mi?n ta> o]feilh<mata h[mw?n:and forgive us trespasses our
w[j kai> h[mei?j a]fh<kamen as also we have forgiven
toi?j o]feile<taij h[mw?n the ones trespassing us
Rapping the Lord’s Prayer
kai> mh> ei]sene<gk^j h[ma?jand do not lead us
ei]j peirasmo<ninto temptation
a]lla> r[u?sai h[ma?j a]po> but deliver use from
tou? ponhrou?the evil one
2-1-2 Noun Forms2 1 2
lo<goj grafh< i[ero<nlo<gou grafh?j i[erou?lo<g& graf^? i[er&?lo<gon grafh<n i[ero<nlo<goi grafai< i[era<lo<gwn grafw?n i[erw?nlo<goij grafai?j i[eroi?jlo<gouj grafa<j i[era<
3rd Declension Chantables
xari<j o@noma, pi<stij xa<rij o@noma pi<stij xa<ritoj o]no<matoj pi<stewj xa<riti o]no<mati pi<stei xa<rita o@noma pi<stin xa<ritej o]no<mata pi<steij xari<twn o]noma<twn pi<stewn xa<risi(n) o]no<masi(n) pi<stesi(n) xa<ritaj o]no<mata pi<steij
Present Active Indicative Verbs
lu<w lu<omenlu<eij lu<etelu<ei lu<ousi(n)
Present Middle/Passive Indicative
lu<omai, -o<meqa, -^, -esqe,
-etai, -ontai
Shape of the Future in Greek
lu<sw lu<somenI will loose We will loose
lu<seij lu<seteYou will loose You all will loose
lu<sei lu<sousi(n)He/she/it will loose They will loose
Future Middle Paradigm
lu<somai --omeqa--^ --esqe--etai --ontai
Imperfect Active Paradigm of lu<w
e@luon I was loosing e@luon e]lu<omen e@luej e]lu<ete e@lue(n) e@luon
Chant: e@luon: n s e men te n
Imperfect Middle/Passive of lu<w
e]luo<mhn I was being loosed e]luo<mhn e]luo<meqa
e]lu<ou e]lu<esqe e]lu<eto e]lu<onto
Chant: e]luo<mhn:ou eto omeqa esqe onto
Second Aorist Active Paradigm
e@labon (lamba<nw) I took
1 e@labon e]la<bomen2 e@labej e]la<bete3 e@labe(n) e@labon
Chant: e@labon n, s, e, men, te, n
Second Aorist Middle
e]geno<mhn I became (gi<nomai)
1 e]geno<mhn e]geno<meqa 2 e]ge<nou e]ge<nesqe3 e]ge<neto e]ge<nonto
Chant: e]geno<mhn ou, eto, omeqa, esqe, onto
1st Aorist Active Paradigm
e@lusa I loosed
e@lusa e]lu<samene@lusaj e]lu<sate e@luse(n) e@lusan
Chant: e@lusa--, s, e, men, te, n
1st Aorist Middle Paradigm
e]lusa<mhn I loosed (for myself) e]lusa<mhn e]lusa<meqa
e@lusw e]lu<sasqe e@lusato e@lusanto
Chant: e]lusa<mhn: w, ato, ameqa, asqe, anto
First Aorist Passives
e]lu<qhn I was loosed
1 e]lu<qhn e]lu<qhmen 2 e]lu<qhj e]lu<qhte 3 e]lu<qh e]lu<qhsan
Learn: e]lu<qhn n, s, --, men, te, san
Future Passive
luqh<somai I will be loosed 1. luqh<somai luqhso<meqa 2. luqh<s^ luqh<sesqe 3. luqh<setai luqh<sontai Chant: luqh<somai – ^, etai, omeqa, esqe, ontai
Aorist Stem Changes -- 9 to know
o[ra<w == ei#don (I saw) – ble<pw e@rxomai == h#lqon (I came, went) le<gw == ei#pon (I said) ba<llw == e@balon (I threw) gi<nomai == e]geno<mhn (I became) ginw<skw == e@gnwn (I knew) eu[ri<skw == eu$ron (I found) e@xw == e@sxon ( I had) lamba<nw == e@labon (I took)
The "is" verb PAI -- ei]mi<
ei]mi< I am e]sme<n We areei# You are e]ste< You aree]sti<(n) He/she/it is ei]si<(n) They are
The "was" verb IAI -- ei]mi<
h@mhn I was h#men We wereh#j You were h#te You wereh#n He/she/it was h#san They were
Person Personal Pronoun Chant
Singular Plural Nom. e]gw< su < h[mei?j Gen. mou sou h[mw?n
Dat. moi soi h[mi?n Acc. me se h[ma<j
au]to<j, au]th, au]to< (he, she, it)
Chanting the PA and PM/P Ptc
Present Active: (chant) Nom. lu<wn lu<ousa lu?on
Gen. lu<ontoj lu<oushj lu<ontoj Present Middle/Passive (non-chant) Nom. luo<menoj luome<nh luo<menon
Gen. luome<nou luome<nhj luome<nou
Present Active Ptc Paradigm 3 1 3 Singular Masc Fem Neut Nom. lu<wn lu<ousa lu?on
Gen. lu<ontoj lu<oushj lu<ontojDat. lu<onti lu<ous^ lu<ontiAcc. lu<onta lu<ousan lu?on
3 uses: loosing (Adj.), one who is loosing(Subst.), while loosing (Adv)
Present Active Ptc Paradigm
3 1 3 Plural Masc Fem Neut Nom. lu<ontej lu<ousai lu<onta
Gen. luo<ntwn lu<ousw?n luo<ntwnDat. lu<ousi(n) luou<saij lu<ousi(n)Acc. lu<ontaj luou<saj lu<onta
Present Middle/Passive Ptc
3 1 3 Singular Masc Fem Neut Nom. luo<menoj luome<nh luo<menon
Gen. luome<nou luome<nhj luome<nouDat. luome<n& luome<n^ luome<n&Acc. luo<menon luome<nhn luo<menon
3 uses: being loosed (Adj.), one who is being loosed (Subst.), while being loosed (Adv.)
Present Middle/Passive Ptc
3 1 3 Plural Masc Fem Neut Nom. luo<menoi luo<menai luo<mena
Gen. luome<nwn luome<nwn luome<nwnDat. luome<noij luome<naij luome<noijAcc. luome<nouj luome<naj luo<mena
Introduction: Aorist Ptc.
Present Participles = continuous action Aorist Participles = complete/wholistic
action Aorist means it just states that the action
took place
3 Usages of the Participle
Adjective: modifies a noun "The woman who sat on the right“ Note the use of a past tense verb rather
than an –ing verb “the boy who came, was the first choice”
Adverb: "After running up the hill, she sat"
Substantive: "The one who sat there was"
Participles and time
Aorist participles time is relative to the main verb. The action of the aorist participle takes place prior/before the action of the main verb. "After speaking, he went his way."
Aorist may also describe attendant circumstances.
Participle Voice
Active: word the participle modifies does the action -- The man who ran to the store was the first to come
Middle: self-interest -- After freeing himself, he ran to the store.
Passive: Receives the action of the participle -- The boy who was stung by the bees ran
First Aorist Active Participle Formation
Masculine/Neuter (participles NO AUGMENT) Stem Aor. Ptc + 3rd Decl.
lu + sa + nt + oj = lu<santoj
Feminine Stem Aor Ptc s + 1st Decl
lu + sa + s + hj = lusa<shj
First Aorist Active Ptc 3 1 3 Singular Masc Fem Neut Nom. lu<saj lu<sasa lu?san
Gen. lu<santoj lu<sashj lu<santoj Dat. lu<santi lusa<s^ lu<santi Acc. lu<santa lu<sasan lu?san
3 uses: who loosed (Adj.), after loosing (Adv.), one who loosed (Subst.),
First Aorist Active Ptc
3 1 3 Plural Masc Fem Neut Nom. lu<santej lu<sasai lu<santa
Gen. lusa<ntwn lusasw?n lusa<ntwn Dat. lu<sasi(n) lusa<saij lu<sasi(n) Acc. lu<santaj lusa<saj lu<santa
3 uses: who loosed (Adj.), after loosing (Adv.),one who loosed (Subst.)
First Aorist Middle Formation
Masculine/Neuter Stem Aor. Ptc + 2rd Decl.
lu + sa + men + oj = lu<samenoj
Feminine Stem Aor. Ptc + 1rd Decl.
lu + sa + men + h = lu<samenh
First Aorist Middle Ptc
2 1 2 Singular Masc Fem Neut Nom. lusa<menoj lusame<nh lusa<menon
Gen. lusame<nou lusame<nhj lusame<nouDat. lusame<n& lusame<n^ lusame<n& Acc. lusa<menon lusame<nhn lusa<menon
3 uses: who loosed himself (Adj.), after loosing himself (Adv.), one who loosed himself (Subst.)
First Aorist Active Ptc
2 1 2 Plural Masc Fem Neut Nom. lusa<menoi lusa<menai lusa<mena
Gen. lusame<nwn lusame<nwn lusame<nwn Dat. lusame<noij lusame<naij lusame<noij Acc. lusame<nouj lusame<naj lusa<mena
3 uses: who loosed himself (Adj.), after loosing himself (Adv.), one who loosed himself (Subst.),
First Aorist Passive Formation
Masculine/Neuter Stem Aor. Pass + 3rd Decl.
lu + qe + ntoj = luqe<ntoj
Feminine Stem Aor. Pas + 1rd Decl.
lu + qeis + h = luqei?sa
First Aorist Passive Ptc
3 1 3 Singular Masc Fem Neut Nom. luqei<j luqei?sa luqe<n
Gen. luqe<ntoj luqei<shj luqe<ntoj Dat. luqe<nti luqei<s^ lu<qenti Acc. luqe<nta luqei?san luqe<n
3 uses: who was loosed (Adj.), after being loosed (Adv.), one who was loosed (Subst.)
First Aorist Passive Ptc
3 1 3 Plural Masc Fem Neut Nom. luqe<ntej luqei?sai luqe<nta
Gen. luqe<ntwn luqeisw?n luqe<ntwn Dat. luqei?si(n) luqei<saij luqei?si(n) Acc. luqe<ntaj luqei<saj luqe<nta
3 uses: who was loosed (Adj.), after being loosed (Adv.), one who was loosed (Subst.)
Forms to Chant to
First Aorist Active 3-1-3 (chant) Nom. lu<saj lu<sasa lu?san
Gen. lu<santoj lusa<shj lu<santoj First Aorist Middle 2-1-2 (non-chant) Nom. lusa<menoj lusame<nh lusa<menon
Gen. lusame<nou lusame<nhj lusame<nou
Forms to Chant to
First Aorist Passive 3-1-3 (chant) Nom. luqei<j luqei?sa luqe<n
Gen. luqe<ntoj luqei<shj luqe<ntoj
Second Aorist Participles
Second Aorist Stem changes + Present participle endings
labw<n labo<ntoj, labo<nti labo<menoj, labome<nou ... grafei<j, grafe<ntoj ...
Contract Verbs a]gaph<saj, a]gaph<santoj …
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
a]nabai<nw
I go up
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
a@rxw
I rule, begin (in mid.)
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
e!kastoj, -h, -on
each, every
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
e]kba<llw
I drive out
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
ka]gw<
and I, but I
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
katabai<nw
I go down
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
ma?llon
more, rather
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
mh<thr, -o<j, h[
mother
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
o!pou
where, since
Chapter 20 Vocabulary
w!ste
therefore, so (that)
Vocabulary Review
Chapter 10 Vocabulary zwh<, -h?j, h[
life qa<natoj, -ou, o[
death kri<nw
I judge me<nw
I remain mo<noj, -h, -on
only, alone
Chapter 10 Vocabulary nu?n
now ou]de<
and not, nor Pau?loj
Paul s&zw
I save to<te
then
Chapter 11 Vocabulary a]pe<rxomai
I go away, leave e]kei?noj
that ]Ioudai?oj, -a, -on
Jewish kaqw<j
as, just as o!j, h!, o!
who, which
Chapter 11 Vocabulary o!tan
when (123) ou$toj, au$th, tou?to
this (1388) pa<lin
again (141) Pe<troj, -ou, o[
Peter (150) u[pe<r
for, about (gen.) (150)above, beyond (acc.)
Chapter 12 Vocabulary a]poqn^<skw
I die e]kei?
there e!wj
until i]dou<
behold i!na
in order that, that
Chapter 12 Vocabulary ]Iwa<nnhj, -ou, o[
John me<n
on the one hand, indeed o!loj, -h, -on
whole, entire o!te
when su<n
with
Chapter 13 Vocabulary a]nh<r, a]ndro<j, o[
man, husband basileu<j, -e<wj, o[
king du<namij, -ewj, h[
power, miracle o@noma, -matoj, to<
name pa?j, pa?sa, pa?n
each, every, all
Chapter 13 Vocabulary path<r, patro<j, o[
father pi<stij, pi<stewj, h[
faith, belief pneu?ma, -atoj, to<
spirit, wind sa<rc, sarko<j, h[
flesh, body xa<rij, -itoj, h[
grace, kindness
Chapter 14 Vocabulary ai$ma, -matoj, to<
blood ai@rw
I raise, take up dida<skw
I teach i@dioj, -a, -on
one's own kalo<j, -h<, -o<n
good
Chapter 14 Vocabulary me<llw
I am about to, intend o[do<j, -ou?, h[
way polu<j, pollh<, polu<
much, many sw?ma, -matoj, to<
body yuxh<, -h?j, h[
soul, life
