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Materials and Technologies for Making Perovskite-based Solar Cell
Lin Yuanjing
• Background• Perovskite materials for solar cell• Perovskite solar cell fabrication technology• Conclusion
Breakthrough of Perovskite Solar Cells
Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
Organic Photovoltaic
2014:19.3%
Classification of Perovskite Materials
Description of Organic-Inorganic Perovskite: ABX3
Cubic perovskite crystal structureA: organic B:Pb, Sn X: halogen ion(I, Cl, Br)
• Materials:
-CH3NH3PbI3
-CH3NH3PbI3-XClX,
-CH3NH3PbI3-XBrX
• Role of doping (Cl, Br):
- Increase diffusion length and thickness
- Tune the bandgap and absorption• Challenges: -Increase the thickness:
recombination of electron and hole- Decrease the thickness
less absorbtion
Architecture of Perovskite Solar Cells
General perovskite solar cell structure Vacuum energy level
• Hole Transfer Layer: Spiro-MeOTAD, PEDOT: PSS• Absorber Layer: Perovskite materials• Electron Transfer Layer: Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, ZnO, PCBM
• Transparent Conducting Oxides Layer: ITO, FTO• Electrode: Ag, Au, Al
FTOTiO2+Perovskite
HTLAu
Glass
Fabrication Technology
• Solution Processes (Planar and mesostructured layer ) : One-Step Precursor Deposition (OSPD)--simplicity Sequential Deposition Method (SDM)--better control of perovskite morphology• Evaporation Processes (Planar): Dual-Source Vapor Deposition (DSVD)-- extremely uniform film
Vapor-Assisted Solution Process (VASP)-- high-quality perovskite film
(a) One-Step Precursor Deposition (OSPD). (b) Sequential Deposition Method (SDM). (c) Dual-Source Vapor Deposition (DSVD (d) Vapor-Assisted Solution Process (VASP)
Conclusion
• Ease of fabrication• Strong solar absorption• Low non-radiative carrier recombination rates• Compatible with other solar cells
• Toxicity issues--fabrication, deployment, disposal• Degradation--moisture, ultraviolet radiation
Advantages
Commercial Challenge
Thank You !