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Materials Resource Efficiency in ConstructionMark Collinson, WRAP EAUC Annual Conference, 18th April
What is WRAP?
Waste and Resources Action Programme
funded by DEFRA
helps to minimise landfill, reduce carbon emissions and improve our environment
encourages and enables business and consumers to be more efficient in their use of materials
WRAP’s focus
UK material flows in construction
Overall material consumption by construction industry (>400 Mt per year)
M t
on
nes
Quantity of construction and demolition waste generated (120 Mt per year UK)
Waste construction materials landfilled in the UK (60 Mt per year)
UK waste arisings
Recycled content in construction
Which of these products contain recycled content?
65%
100%>80%
Lightweight block Plasterboard
Glasswool Aggregates
80%
Perceived barriers
higher recycled content will cost more
Identifying opportunities to increase recycled content
WRAP maintain data on three benchmarks of recycled content for construction materials.
Standard: level of recycled material content likely to be used if no request for recycled content is made
Good: a higher level of recycled content than standard practice, but readily available at competitive cost (cost neutral)
Best: highest level of recycled material content currently available in the UK
% R
ecycle
d C
on
ten
t
Cost (£)
A cost neutral opportunity
Standard
Good Best
Perceived barriers
higher recycled content will cost more
products suffer from quality and performance issues
Examples of mainstream products
Product type Low RC option Higher RC option
Dense block 0%Hanson “Conbloc”
70%
Wall insulation 0%Superglass “Superwall” Cavity
Slab80%
Reconstituted roof slate
0%Sandtoft “Britslate”
80%
Ceiling tiles 0%Armstrong “Dune Supreme”
>50%
Pavers 0%Charcon “Eco-pave”
>70%
Aggregate - binder course
0%Colas “Foam-mix”
95%
Perceived barriers
higher recycled content will cost more
products suffer from quality and performance issues
availability problems
Perceived barriers
higher recycled content will cost more
products suffer from quality and performance issues
availability problems
a 10% minimum requirement is difficult to achieve
10% - readily achievable across sectors
Type of projectBaseline/actual
practiceCost neutral
good practice
Detached/terraced house
6 - 26% 16 - 29%
Commercial office 10 - 22% 12 - 30%
School, hospital 12 - 20% 15 - 27%
Road reconstruction 8 - 16% 27 - 29%
Bridge reconstruction 18 - 23% 33 - 49%
Perceived barriers
higher recycled content will cost more
products suffer from quality and performance issues
availability problems
a 10% minimum requirement is difficult to achieve
finding and measuring recycled content is onerous
The recycled content toolkit calculates the recycled content ‘standard
practice’ baseline identifies the largest Quick Win (movement
towards ‘good practice’) opportunities, using information on basic dimensions and key design specifications
provides pre-formatted performance reports:
Which concrete block should I buy ?
65%
25% 5%
40%
Selecting quick wins
Selecting quick wins
Selecting quick wins
Selecting quick wins WRAP reference guide provides a
directory of products with higher levels of recycled content.
can be built into existing material selection processes
selected Quick Wins specified by performance characteristics
designers and contractors review the practicality of Quick Win options – capital cost and availability – durability– quality / aesthetics– buildability
Recommended wording
‘….at least 10% of the total value of materials used should derive from recycled and reused content in the products and materials selected.
In addition, show that the most significant opportunities to increase the value of materials derived from recycled and reused content have been considered, such as the top ten Quick Wins or equivalent, and implement good practice where technically and commercially viable.’
Practical examples of recycled content usage
Case study – University Halls of ResidenceQueens University, 2006
Opportunities to increase recycled content:
dense blockwork carpet tiles low strength concrete hardcore Plasterboard.
Use of recycled content (as a % of total value of materials):
standard practice: 15% readily achievable
at equivalent cost: 25% maximum achievable but at
extra cost: 37%
Case study – Hospital design options
St Barts and The London Hospitals, 2005
Opportunities to increase recycled content:
services flooring brickwork and block-work sub-structure roofing concrete frame lifts curtain walling / cladding.
Use of recycled content (as a % of total value of materials):
Standard practice: 19% Readily achievable at
equivalent cost: 30%
Use of recycled content (as a % of total value of materials):
standard practice: 5-9% good practice at no extra project cost:
50-63%
Case study – Waste recycling infrastructureDundee and Merseyside city councils, 2005
Opportunities to increase recycled content:
capping and sub-base. fill materials. concrete (using cement
replacement materials and recycled aggregates).
asphalt. drainage products. topsoil (e.g. incorporating compost).
Taking action in educationBuilding Schools for the Future minimum threshold for
recycled content in model Output Specification
Bradford University minimum recycled content
requirement in refurbishment programme
Leeds Metropolitan University corporate policy for minimum
requirement for new buildings
Who is taking action?Glasgow City CouncilNewcastle City CouncilSolihull MBCBritish LandWelsh Health EstatesGreater London AuthorityNorthern Ireland Procurement DirectorateDefence Estates Building Schools for the Future (BSF)National GridRaploch Urban Regeneration CompanySkanskaScottish ExecutiveNOMS
… and many, many more
Summary
Summary increasing recycled content has a tangible impact on resource
efficiency
setting a requirement is easy to do
no impact on: – cost– design or specification– quality– other project goals
WRAP support for:– policy and project wording– calculating recycled content– identifying products
a quantifiable, demonstrable contribution to a sustainability or CSR strategy.
Recycled paper advocacy team 8 consultants covering the UK
paper and print related backgrounds
technical advice and support
recommended specification for recycled content
explain to organisations the environmental and business benefits of using recycled paper
FREE
Thankyou
WRAPhttp://www.wrap.org.uk/construction
Recycled content toolkithttp://www.wrap.org.uk/rctoolkit
Recycled products databasehttp://www.wrap.org.uk/rcproducts
Aggregainhttp://www.aggregain.org.uk