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MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates...

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Page 1: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

MathML Based Support Materials for use in a

Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers

Paul C Yates

Keele University

United Kingdom

Page 2: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Mathematics in the United Kingdom

• Concerns about falling standards

• Report commissioned by engineers and physicists

• Difficulty in recruiting appropriately qualified teachers

Page 3: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Mathematics and Chemistry

• Majority of students on many courses have not studied mathematics post-16

• Some students do not realise that some chemistry is mathematical

• Remedial mathematics courses are provided

• Often supplied by Chemistry (not Mathematics) Department

Page 4: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 5: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Mathematics in Context

• Increases relevance

• Concentrates mathematics where it is really required

• Should help to increase student motivation

Page 6: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 7: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Contents

Contents.pdf

Page 8: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Publishers

• Chapman & Hall

• Kluwer

• Stanley Thornes

• Nelson Thornes

• Taylor and Francis

Page 9: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Chemistry Enhancement Course

To teach key chemical principles to prospective PGCE students who have a background in a chemistry related discipline such as Chemical Engineering or Forensic Science or who have graduated with a Chemistry degree but have not practiced chemistry for a number of years. Students progressing on from the course will be expected to be able to teach to A2 level standard.

Page 10: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Mathematical Requirements of A Level Chemistry

• Arithmetic and computation

• Algebra

• Geometry

• Graphs

• Handling data

Page 11: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Mathematics for Chemistry Module

The aim of this module is to present mathematics in a chemical context. It is designed to equip participants with the mathematical skills they will require to tackle the course successfully, and to give them the confidence in their ability so to do. Furthermore this module encompasses a wide range of Chemistry content that will give ‘tasters’ of the subsequent ‘Foundations in Chemistry’ modules.

Page 12: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Delivery

• Mathematicians like blackboards!

• Students expectations of technology use have increased

• Desirable to demonstrate use of technology to prospective teachers

Page 13: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 14: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Content of Web Site

Development of mathematical resources in the context of chemistry is very time consuming, so reuse existing resources.

Page 15: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Chemical Calculations: the E-Book Version

Contents.pdf

Chapter2.pdf

Page 16: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using PDF

• Quick to implement• Commercial

possibilities?

• Poor quality• Does not scale well• Mathematical

content not accessible

Page 17: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Why Develop Enhanced Materials?

• Make mathematical content available

• Increased accessibility

• Customisable

• Can be targetted

Page 18: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 19: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 20: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 21: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 22: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 23: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 24: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 25: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

MathML materials are easily scaled

Page 26: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 27: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Advantages and Disadvantages of using

MathML• Scalable• Mathematical

content accessible• Looks professional

• Difficult to write• Browser setup must

be compatible• Fonts must be

installed

Page 28: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Writing MathML

Combination of Amaya and manual edit using Wordpad

Page 29: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.
Page 30: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Specific MathML (XML) Problems

• Remember lower case

• <img> and </img>

• When to use (what is maths?)

• Alternative representations

• Proper use of italics and defaults

Page 31: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Further Developments

• Extend MathML materials

• Use a screen reader

Page 32: MathML Based Support Materials for use in a Chemistry Enhancement Course for Teachers Paul C Yates Keele University United Kingdom.

Conclusions

• Efficient to use existing intellectual material• PDF allows fast mounting of material but

inflexible and variable quality• MathML flexible but very time consuming• Compromise of E-book with specific MathML

resources where appropriate and as time allows


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