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PrimaryEdition
ASpecialthankyoutoRockinghamLakesP.SinW.Awhodevelopedthisbooklet
UsingtheSMARTboardisagreattooltohelpme
countbackinonesfromthebiggest
number!
WhenIworkedout6+7Idecidedtotry
NearDoubling.Iknowthat6+6=12soI
addedon1fromthe7tomake13!
IcanuseSkipCountingtofind
outhowmuchmoneyIhave.10,
20,30,40
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2
UsingBasic Facts
21 2 > 22: 6 > 2525 7 > 31
RememberingBasicNumberFactshelpsustoworkwithnumbersquickerandwithease.Differentpeoplerememberdifferentnumber
facts.Howmanynumberfactscanyouremember?
91 31 > 211 71 51 > 211
39 29 > 21
2111 2111 >3111
41 81 > 21161 61 > 21136 36 > 61
3 3 > 53 y 3 > 5
6 y 5 > 314 4 > 7
41 26 > 26
86. 36 > 61
31 . 21 > 21
7 y 5 > 35 23 . 3 > 21
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3
Skip Counting
Countforwardsandbackwardsby2s3 5 7 9 21 23 25 27 29 31 33
Countforwardsandbackwardsby5s6 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 7176 81 86 91 96 :1 :6 211 216 221Countforwardsandbackwardsby10sstartingfrom
differentpoints21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 :1 2119 29 39 49 59 69 79 89 99 :9 219Countforwardsandbackwardsby100s211 311 411 511 611 711 811 911
Letsskipcountby2s! 2468101214
1618
Wecanskipcountlotsofthingslikeourpencils,Lego, toys, counters
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4
Counting On
Countonbyonesfromthebiggestnumbertocalculateanadditionnumbersentence.
45 : > 5445 46 47 48 49 4: 51 52 53 54
9 68 > 7668 69 6: 71 72 73 74 75 76
78 24 > 978 79 7: 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8: 91
9 8 > 269 : 21 22 23 24 25 26
Remembertolockthebiggestnumberinyourheadandthencarefullycountalongthenumberlineand
stopatthesecondnumber.26 7
26 27 28 29 2: 31 32
Keepthefirst
numberinyour
memory
Countalongthe
numberline6
spacesandthen
stop
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5
Counting BackCountbackbyonesfromthebiggestnumberto
calculateasubtractionnumbersentence.34 9 > 2634 33 32 31 2: 29 28 27 26
68 7 > 6268 67 66 65 64 63 62
79 23 > 6779 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 6: 69 68 67
232 23 > 2 :232 231 22: 229 228 227 226 225 224 223 222 221 21:Remembertolockthebiggestnumberinyourheadandthencarefullycountbackalongthenumberline
andstopatthesecondnumber.24 . 7
24 23 22 21 : 9 8
Keepthefirst
numberinyour
memory
Countbackalong
thenumberline6
spacesandthen
stop
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6
+ Addition +Grouping of Place Value
Separatenumbersintothousands,hundreds,tensandonesandthencalculatetheanswer
34 35 >31 4 31 5 >
51 8>58256 63 >
211 51 6 61 3>211 :1 8>2:8239 256 >
211 31 9 211 51 6>311 71 24>384Remembertoaddthehundreds,thetensandtheonestogether.Dontforgetanyofthenumbers!
PlaceValuecanbeusedasamentalmathsstrategybyitselfandwhenusingotherstrategieslikecountingon.
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- Subtraction -Grouping of Place Value
Separatenumbersintohundreds,tensandonesandthencalculatetheanswer.
56 43 > @ 5141> 21 21 4> 246. 3 > 451 6 413
:7 . 54 > @ :151> 61 61 4> 647. 4 > 4:1 7 514348 223 > @ 311211>211 211316> 23641. 21>31311418211213 8. 3> 6
2645 2432 > @21116114152111411312
2111. 2111 > 1611. 411 > 311 311 21 4> 32441. 31 > 215. 2 > 4
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8
Ten-Frames
+ Addition +Givesomefromonenumbertoanothertomake
easiernumberstoworkwith.9 8 jt 21 6 7 9 jt 21 5
Move5fromthe27tomake20.Thenadd20and22together.
Move2from7tothe8.Thiswillmake10. Move2fromthe6tothe8.Thiswillmaketen26 38 isthesameas 31 33 > 53
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DoublingWhenyoudoubleanumberyouaddittoitself.
Epvcmjoh 2 2 2 > 3 Epvcmjoh 3 3 3 > 5Epvcmjoh 4 4 4 > 7 Epvcmjoh 5 5 5 > 9Epvcmjoh 6 6 6 > 21 Epvcmjoh 7 7 7 > 23Epvcmjoh 8 8 8 > 25 Epvcmjoh 9 9 9 > 27Epvcmjoh : : : > 29 Epvcmjoh 21 21 21 > 31Epvcmjoh 22 22 22 > 33 Epvcmjoh 23 23 23 > 35
HalvingWhenyouhalveanumberyoubreakit
into2equalparts.Ibmg pg 3 > 2 Ibmg pg 5 > 3Ibmg pg 7 > 4 Ibmg pg 9 > 5Ibmg pg 21 > 6 Ibmg pg 23 > 7Ibmg pg 25 > 8 Ibmg pg 27 > 9Ibmg pg 29 > : Ibmg pg 31 > 21
Knowingthedoublesofnumbershelpsyoutohalvethemaswell.DoublingandHalvinghelpsusto
calculatemathsproblemsmorequicklybyusingdifferentmentalmathsstrategiesliketenframes
andbridging
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Use Counting On to Solve
SubtractionWecansolvesubtractionnumbersentencesbyCounting
Oninsteadofcountingback.SometimesCountingOnmakesiteasiertosolveasubtractionproblem.
28 . 25 > 4Jotufbe pg Dpvoujoh Cbdl
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 : 9 8 7 6 5 4ju jt fbtjfs boe rvjdlfs up Dpvou Po
Tubsu bu 25 boe tupq bu 2825 26 27 2836 . 27 > :
Jotufbe pg Dpvoujoh Cbdl36 35 34 33 32 31 2: 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 :Ju jt fbtjfs boe rvjdlfs up Dpvou Po
Tubsu bu 27 boe tupq bu 3627 28 29 2: 31 32 33 34 35 36
4: . 34 > 27Jotufbe pg Dpvoujoh Cbdl
4: 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 3: 39 38 37 36 35 3433 32 31 2: 29 28 27Ju jt fbtjfs boe rvjdlfs up Dpvou Po
Tubsu bu 34 boe tupq bu 4:34 35 36 37 38 39 3: 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4:
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Number LinesWithNumberlines,wecanmakejumps
tosolve
number
problems.
1 2 3 4 5 6 78 9 : 21 22 23
51 52 5354 55 56 57 58 59 5: 61
WecanuseNumberLineswithothermathsstrategiessuch
as
tenframes)4*34 46 > jt uif tbnf bt 31, 49
Givethe3from23tothe35tomake38andthenimagineanumberlinebyaddingonthe20.
21 21
49 59 69)4*57 24 > jt uif tbnf bt 5: 21
Givethe3from13to46tomake49andthenimagineanumberlinebyaddingonthe10
21
5: 6:
237> 7Usingthenumberlinewecanstartat12andjumpback6numbers
togiveusananswerof6
619> 53Wecanalsojumpby
biggernumberstomakeitquickertofindthe
answer
6
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12
Number Combinations
NumberCombinations
work
together
to
make
mathsproblemseasier.Recognitionofnumbercombinationstotenmustbeautomatic
6 6 > 21 8 4 > 21 9 3 > 21 : 2 > 21 7 > 212: 2 > 31 24 8 > 31 23 9 > 31 22 : > 31 26 6>3136 36 > 61 46 26 > 61 56 6 > 61 31 41 > 61
BridgingWhenbridgingnumbersyouaddorsubtractfromthe
numbers
in
aproblem
to
make
it
easier
to
solve.
Bridgingtomultiplesof10helpstomakemaths
problemseasiertosolve.
45 39 >43 , )39 , 3* > 43 , 41 > 73
48 66>)4 , 48* , 63 > 51 , 63 > :3
Bridgeto30Take2from34andgive
it to 28
Bridgeto40Take3from55andgive
itto37
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x Multiplication x(Grouping)
Multiplyinginpartshelpsustoworkwithsmallernumbers.Ithelpsustousebasicnumberfacts
(timestables)andnumbercombinationstosolvemultiplicationproblems.
43 y 7 > 41y 7 > 291 boe 3 y 7 > 23 291 , 23 > 2:36 y 74 > 71y 6 > 411 boe 4 y 6 > 26 411 , 26 > 42634 y 29> 31 y 21> 311 boe 31y 9 > 271 311 , 271 > 471
4 y 21> 41 boe 4 y 9 > 35 41 , 35 > 65471 , 65 > 525Multiplyingmeanswecanalsohalveanddouble
numberstomakeiteasier.
35 y 7 ibmgpg 35 jt 23 23 y 7 > 83 83 , 83 > 255
29 y 8 ibmgpg 29 jt : : y 8 > 74 74 , 74 > 237
25 y 9 ibmg pg 25 jt 8 8 y 9 > 67 67 , 67 > 223
27 y 6 ibmgpg 27 jt 9 9 y 6 > 51 51 , 51 > 91
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Division (Sharing)
Immediaterecallofmultiplicationfacts(timestables)isessentialtosolvedivisionalgorithms.
23 4 > 5Weneedtofindouthowmanyitemsareineachgroupsowe
make3groupsandequallysharethe12items.
21 3 > 6Weneed2groupsand
Equallysharethe10items
29 7 > 4Weneed6groupsand
equallysharethe18items
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Number Families
Knowingtherelationshipbetweenadditionand
subtraction,division
and
multiplication,
helps
us
to
workwithnumberswhenwesolvenumberstories
andnumbersentences.
24 , 8 > 31 8 , 24 > 31 31 8 > 24 31 24 > 8
6 y 4 > 26 4 y 6 > 26 26 4 > 6 26 6 > 4
NumberFamilieshelpustosolvehiddennumberproblems39 . > 5 isthesameas39 5 >
67 > 232 isthesameas232 67 > 2: > 6 isthesameas2: 6 >
:y > 74 isthesameas74 : > 6 > 5 isthesameas5 y 6 >We
can
work
out
hidden
numbers
by
using
the
relationshipsbetweennumberoperations(+ x).
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65ismadeupofdifferentparts
Combination of NumbersNumbersaremadeupofpartstomakeawhole.Knowingthe
differentpartsofnumbershelpsustouseothermental
mathsstrategies
like
Place
Value,
Number
Families
and
Bridging.Itishelpfultoknowthecombinationsfornumbers
5,10,20,50and100.
2110ismadeupof
differentparts
: 2 > 21
4 8 > 213 >21
5 7 > 218 4 > 21
7 5 > 21 6 6 > 21
5 2 > 6
4 3 > 6 3 4 > 6
2 5 > 6
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Hidden Number StoriesReadthenumberstorycarefully.Highlighttheimportantmathswor
Writeoutthenumbersentenceusingthehighlightedwordstohelpy
Solvethehiddennumberbyaddingorsubtractingwiththenumbersyou
NumberStory NumberSentence MissMurrayhadsomefishinherfishtank.She
wentshoppingandbought7morefishandnowshehas18.HowmanyfishdidMissMurrayhaveto
beginwith?
8> 29
Miss
Lee
had
17pencils.
She
gavesomepencils
out
tothechildrenandnowsheonlyhas12left.How
manypencilsdidMissLeegiveouttothechildren?28. > 23
Samboughtsomelolliesfromshop.Shehad3bags
with4lolliesineachbag.HowmanylolliesdidSam
havealltogether?4y 5 >
MrsJones
had
12glitter
pens.
She
decided
to
share
thembetween3students.Howmanypensdideachstudentget? 23 4>
22
6
5
23
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Website
Go to
Lake Munmorah Public School websitewww.lakemunmor-p.schools.nsw.edu.au/
Click on KLAs
Click on Maths
Here you will find many interesting and fun activities for your children.
Games
If you need help working Maths into any of these games contact theschool and we will give you some ideas.
Snakes and Ladders
Cards
Trouble
Headache
Connect 4 Tick-tack toe
Battleship
Any dice game . You can always change the numbers on your diceor purchase ones with many numbers already on them.
First to 20 toss a dice and continue add the number you toss onyour next turn. (Make larger numbers for older children)
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GLOSSARYOther words for:
Addition plus Eg: 3 plus 2 equals 5
+ add on 3 add on 2 equals 5count on 3 count on 2 equals 5and 3 and 2 equals 5sum of The sum of 3 and 2 is 5
Subtraction take away Eg: 8 take away 5 equals 3
- minus 8 minus 5 equals 3subtract 8 subtract 5 equals 3less than 5 less than 8 is 3difference between The difference between
8 and 5 is 3
Multiplication lots of Eg: 3 lots of 5 equals 15
groups of
3 groups of 5 equals 15
times 3 times 5 equals 15multiplied by 3 multiplied by 5 is 15product of The product of 3 and 5
is 15
Division quotient of Eg:The quotient of 15 and 5
is 3divided by 15 divided by 5 is 3 is 5shared equally 15 shared equally
between 3 is 5how many groups of How many groups of 5 in
15 ? Answer 3
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NOTES