MatterScience – Grade 8

Physical Science

Facts About Matter?All matter is made up of atoms

Matter is found all over the universe

Matter can be grouped into three states (forms):

1) solid (like a pencil) 2) liquid (like water) 3) gas (like the helium used to fill balloons)

Facts About Matter? Matter has three properties:

1) shape: the form it takes 2) mass: the amount of matter in an object (measured in grams) 3) volume: the space it takes

Word StudyThe word volume has different meanings.

It can mean “loudness.”Example: I can’t hear the radio. Please turn up the volume.

It also means “the amount of space something occupies (takes).”Example: The volume of lemonade in the pitcher is 2 liters.

Word StudyThe word property also has different meanings.

Property can mean an objet own by someone. If you own a bicycle, it is your property.

Property can also mean “a characteristic or trait.” One property of this apple is that it is red.

Keep in Mind

We measure th

e mass

of an object with

a

balance.

Matter has boiling

points, melting points

and freezing points.

We measure this with

a thermometer.

We measure the

volume of a liquid or

a solid with a

graduated cylinder.

SolidEasy to recognizeHave shape, mass and volume

Shape does NOT change

Made up of atoms packed closely together

Examples: TVs, beds, chairs, food you eat

LiquidShape can changeHave definite mass and volume

Different from solids because atoms can move around

Take the shape of their containers

Examples: water, milk, juice, sodas

GasDo NOT have definite shape or volume

Shape and volume can change

Take the shape of their containers

Atoms are spacedYou cannot see themExamples: air you breathe, air in the tires, the sun!

Changes of StateThink of it this way:

An ice cube is a solid. If you heat an ice cube, it melts and changes to water. Water is a liquid. The melting point of ice is 0°C. If you heat the water, it boils and becomes steam. Steam is a gas. The boiling point of water is 100°C.

Three states of water

Solid: ice cubes

3

States

Liquid: Water

Solid: ice cubesof

Water

Gas: Steam

Matter: Changes

Physical Changes: When matter changes shape and state. During this change the identity of the substance does

NOT change. For example when ice melts it is a physical change. When glass breaks, it is a physical change.

:

Matter: ChangesChemical Changes: During a chemical

change NEW substances form. These new substances can elements or compounds. They have DIFFERENT properties from the

original substance. For example, when wood burns, it produces ashes and gases. They

have different properties from wood.

:

Practice: States of Matter

NeoK12 Practice

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