MatterMatter

What is matter?What is matter?

• Matter is everything around you, including you!• Matter is what all things are made of.

Matter has 3 forms.Matter has 3 forms.

1. Solid1. Solid

2. Liquid2. Liquid

3. Gas3. Gas

SolidsSolids

• A solid has its own shape.

• A solid does not change unless you cut, bend, or break it.

• Solids take up space and have mass.

LiquidsLiquids

• Liquids do not have their own shape.

• Liquids take the shape of their container.

• Liquids take up space and have mass.

GasesGases

• Gases have no definite size or shape.

• Gases take the shape of its container.

• A gas will fill all the space inside a container.

• Gases take up space and have mass.

Mixtures:Mixtures:

• A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties

• This is a physical blending, not a chemical blending.

• Composition of the mixture can vary

• Can be physically separated

Heterogeneous & Homogeneous Mixtures:

Heterogeneous & Homogeneous Mixtures:

• Heterogeneous Mixture- one that does not blend smoothly throughout and which the individual substances remain distinct

• Examples: Sand and Water, Oil and Water, Cement

• Homogeneous Mixture (Solutions)- has constant composition throughout; it always has a single phase

• Examples: salt water, vinegar, alloys

•Magnet

•Filter

•Decant

•Evaporation

•Centrifuge

•Chromatography

•Distillation

METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES

METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES

• A technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid

FILTRATIONFILTRATION

• A technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of substances

DISTILLATIONDISTILLATION

• A technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance

CRYSTALLIZATIONCRYSTALLIZATION

• A technique that separates the components of a mixture on the basis of the tendency of each to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material

CHROMATOGRAPHYCHROMATOGRAPHY

• Elements- are the simplest form of matter that can exist under NORMAL laboratory conditions

– Cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means

– Are the building blocks for all other --substances

• Compounds-are substances that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical means

ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDSELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS