MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Particles and Fields PackagePre-Environmental Review

May 22 -23, 2012Thermal

Millan F. Diaz-Aguado

Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) Mission

1-2MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal PER Outline

• Thermal Design Update• Thermal Analysis Status

– CDR RFA’s– Changes since CDR– Assumptions (Environmental Loads, Power Dissipation, Optical

Properties)• Goddard Thermal Golden Rules• Test Temperatures• Thermal Analysis Status and Results• Thermal Status• General Thermal Balance and Thermal Vacuum Test Plans• Thermal Facilities• Facilities Schedule• Documentation• Other Thermal Testing

1-3MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Design Update

• Changes since CDR– LPW

• Reduced operational heater set-point to -15ºC (old set-point 0ºC)– PFDPU

• Wet mount to S/C• No survival heater necessary

– SEP• Reduced operational heater set-point to -45ºC (old set-point -35ºC)

– STATIC• Thermally coupled to APP through eGRAF• Radiator is now white paint (Z93 C55), previously black nickel

– SWEA• Reduced radiator size, increased MLI• Radiator is now white paint (Z93 C55), previously black nickel

– SWIA• Increased radiator size and thermally coupled to S/C through eGRAF• Radiator is now white paint (Z93 C55), previously black nickel

*Radiators Painted at NASA Goddard**eGRAF donated by NASA Goddard

1-4MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

CDR RFA’s

• RFA001 – Thermal Optical Properties: Closed• RFA002 – Thermal Analysis Reports: Closed• RFA003 – Thermal cycling of LPW: Closed• RFA009 – Heater duty cycle may exceed GSFC Gold

Rule of 70%: Closed

1-5MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Analysis Status

• Coordination with Lockheed Martin– Closely working with LM, Marc Church and Bret Sharp– Meetings led by Dan Powers– Delivered PF model to LM for incoporation into S/C– Received S/C model from LM for analysis use– Updated PF Instruments in model

• Analysis Cases Run– Running all cases from S/C model (Acquisition, Cruise, MOI,

Science, Deep Dips and Relay)– Not running launch cases

1-6MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Power Dissipation Assumptions

• Hot Case – Measured power dissipation• Cold Case- Measured power dissipation -10%

Subsystem Hot Case Heat Load (W)

Cold Case Heat Load (W)

LPW-Preamp 0.10 0.09

PFDPU 16.6 14.9

SEP 0.18 0.16

STATIC 5.00 4.50

SWEA 0.99 0.89

SWIA 1.87 1.68

1-7MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Contact Subsystem to S/C

Subsystem Contact Conductance (W/C)

Contact Type

LPW 0.013 G10 isolators

PFDPU 4.6 Wet mount (LM)

SEP 0.011 Ultem 1000 isolators

STATIC 2 eGRAF

SWEA 0.013 G10 isolators

SWIA 2 eGRAF

1-8MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Environmental Loads

• Values above from LM Case Sets

Phase

Solar Flux (W/m2) Albedo IR (K) Aero

Min Max Min Max Min MaxFlux

(W/m2)Time (min)

Launch 1319 1387 0.29 0.32 221 262 1135 1

Cruise 649 1480 0 273

MOI 658 664 0.18 0.18 148 148

Mars 490 710 0.14 0.35 204 218

Deep Dip 710 710 0.35 0.35 218 218 650 10

1-9MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Optical Properties

• All Materials approved by GSFC and JPL on previous missions• Clear Alodine done by one plater with specified soak time.

Extensive sampling with THEMIS. Occasional sampling with other missions. Wide BOL/EOL variance assumed in design

Material NameBOL EOL

Sourceε α α/ε ε α α/ε

Clear Alodined Aluminum 0.09 0.13 1.4 0.07 0.23 3.3 Testing, UCB Specified Process

Germanium Black Kapton 0.81 0.49 0.6 0.78 0.53 0.7 Heritage Testing

Electroless Nickel 0.07 0.39 5.6 STCH

DAG 213 0.74 0.92 1.2

0.52 0.65 1.3Testing, EOL after 2.1e20 atoms/cm2 AO fluence

0.035 0.242 6.9Testing, EOL after 9.3e20 atoms/cm2 AO fluence

Ebanol C 0.1 0.97 9.7 0.08 0.93 11.6Testing, EOL after 9.3e20 atoms/cm2 AO fluence

Titanium Nitride 0.13 0.46 3.5 0.1 0.48 4.8 Heritage Testing

Black Nickel (LPW) 0.56 0.85 1.5 0.48 0.82 1.7Testing, EOL after 9.3e20 atoms/cm2 AO fluence

Black Nickel 0.29 0.91 3.1 0.23 0.88 3.8 Testing, UCB Specified Process

Z-93-C55 0.95 0.147 0.2 0.95 0.2 0.2 GSFC

1-10MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Golden Rules

Predicted Temperature

+5ºC

+10ºC

+15ºC

-5ºC

-10ºC

-15ºC

AFTFAPF

If Heater Controlled

PT AFT FA

PF

1-11MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Temperature Limits

• PF Max/Min are +/-10ºC more than AFT • All instruments will be tested to PF

* Heater Controlled

InstrumentOperating Temperatures (°C) Non Operating Temperatures (°C)

AFT Min AFT Max FA Min FA Max PF Min PF Max AFT Min AFT Max PF Min PF Max

PFDPU -20 40 -25 45 -30 50 -20 50 -30 60

MAG -10 50 -15 55 -20 60 -25 60 -35 70

LPW_PREAMP Pre Deployment -110 60 -115 65 -120 70 -120 65 -130 75

LPW_DEPLOYMENT_MECH Pre Deploy -25 20 -30 25 -35 30 -35 45 -45 55

LPW_DEPLOYMENT_MECH Deployment -25 20 -30 25 -35 30 -25 20 -35 30

LPW-EUVM

-25 25 -30 30 -35 35 -30 40 -40 50

-25 25 -30 30 -35 35 -30 40 -40 50

-25 25 -30 30 -35 35 -30 40 -40 50

STATIC -30 40 -35 45 -35 50 -30 40 -35 50

SWEA -30 40 -35 45 -35 50 -30 40 -35 50

SWIA -30 40 -35 45 -35 50 -30 40 -35 50

SEP-50 0 -55 5 -55 10 -55 45 -65 55

-50 0 -55 5 -55 10 -55 45 -65 55

1-12MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Operational Analysis Smallest Temperature Margins (ºC)

Thermal

Cruise Instrument Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot)LPW1_Preamp 53.3 71.8LPW2_Preamp 86.5 69.8DPU_Box 25.3 7.9STA_Box 7.3 39.4SWE_Box 7.3 21.5SWI_Box 13.9 15.8SEP1_Box 8.5 8.3SEP2_Box 6.8 26.7

Science Instrument Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot)LPW1_Preamp 41.4 37.5LPW2_Preamp 41.3 37.6DPU_Box 22.8 14.6STA_Box 7.1 28.1SWE_Box 6.6 62.5SWI_Box 6.6 24.5SEP1_Box 5.2 33.6SEP2_Box 4.8 32.7

Deep Dip Instrument Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot)LPW1_Preamp 116.2 18.4LPW2_Preamp 123.2 11.1DPU_Box 46.4 11.7STA_Box 54.7 9.0SWE_Box 7.8 48.7SWI_Box 41.8 20.6SEP1_Box 13.1 21.7SEP2_Box 6.4 20.6

Instrument Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot)LPW1_Preamp 43.9 37.9LPW2_Preamp 42.3 52.7DPU_Box 28.1 9.0STA_Box 10.0 29.2SWE_Box 6.6 62.4SWI_Box 6.4 33.7SEP1_Box 5.2 36.5SEP2_Box 5.0 31.2

Relay

Instrument Max Min LPW1_Preamp 60 -110 LPW2_Preamp 60 -110 DPU_Box 40 -20 STA_Box 40 -30 SWE_Box 40 -30 SWI_Box 40 -30 SEP1_Box 0 -50 SEP2_Box 0 -50

AFT

Pending change of ERD

1-13MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Survival Analysis Smallest Temperature Margins (ºC)

Thermal

Non Operational Temperatures

Instrument Max Min LPW1_Preamp 65 -120 LPW2_Preamp 65 -120 DPU_Box 50 -20 STA_Box 40 -30 SWE_Box 40 -30 SWI_Box 40 -30 SEP1_Box 45 -55 SEP2_Box 45 -55

AFT

Instrument Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot) LPW1_Preamp 32.8 40.0 LPW2_Preamp 31.8 40.0 DPU_Box 15.1 20.0 STA_Box 0.6 16.5 SWE_Box 1.3 20.0 SWI_Box 0.9 -1.9 SEP1_Box 0.6 40.0 SEP2_Box 0.4 40.0

1.9 ºC above AFT

- MOI, Cruise Safe Mode, Science Safe Mode and Acquisition

1-14MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

LPW Temperatures

Thermal

• Before Deployment (non operational)

• Deployment (operational)

• After Deployment (non operational)

AFT MARGINComponent HOT COLD Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot)

ULPW1_WHIP 225 -5 21 41ULPW2_WHIP 225 -5 6 21.1ULPW1_STACER 50 -25 2.1 11.3ULPW2_STACER 50 -25 3.5 10.6ULPW1_DEPLOYMENT_MECH 45 -35 2.1 6.2ULPW2_DEPLOYMENT_MECH 45 -35 14.8 5.4

Break Golden Rules

AFT MARGINComponent HOT COLD Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot)

ULPW1_WHIP 135 -80 111 9.84ULPW2_WHIP 135 -80 101 59.1ULPW1_STACER 20 -25 3.45 32.3ULPW2_STACER 20 -25 14.8 28.4ULPW1_DEPLOYMENT_MECH 20 -25 10 40ULPW2_DEPLOYMENT_MECH 20 -25 10 32.9

AFT MARGINComponent HOT COLD Margin (Cold) Margin (Hot)

ULPW1_WHIP 285 -90 8.9 4.56ULPW2_WHIP 285 -90 8.9 34ULPW1_STACER 95 -165 73.8 23.8ULPW2_STACER 95 -165 78 13.1ULPW1_DEPLOYMENT_MECH 20 -30 8.84 25.1ULPW2_DEPLOYMENT_MECH 20 -30 18.89 15.3

Note: Heater non-operational

1-15MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Analysis Status

Thermal

Operational 5004_Cold_Eclip_Sci_Type1_Orbit

Size (@26V)

Maximum Individual (all op.

cases) Maximum Maximum Indivodual Margin

Heater (Ω) (W) (W) (W) (% Duty Cycle @26V) (%)

STA_Box 56 12.1 1.37 1.37 11 89SWE_Box 49 13.8 3.92 3.92 28 72SWI_Box 47 14.4 2.65 1.32 18 91

SEP1_Box_1 121 5.59 2.35 2.35 42 58SEP2_Box_1 121 5.59 2.75 2.75 49 51

Total Maximum Orbit Average (W) 11.7

Survival 5050_Science_Safe_Mode

Size (@24V)

Maximum Individual (all

survival cases) Maximum Case Maximum Individual Margin

Heater (Ω) (W) (W) (W) (% Duty Cycle @26V) (%)

STA_Box 56 10.28 6.74 4.25 66 34SWE_Box 49 11.75 4.8 4.8 41 59SWI_Box 47 12.25 3.11 3.11 25 75

SEP1_Box_2 121 4.76 2.44 1.69 51 49SEP2_Box_2 121 4.76 1.84 1.84 39 61

Total Maximum Orbit Average (W) 15.7

Heater Power Budget

Size (@24V) Maximum Maximum Margin

Heater (Ω) (W) (W) (% Duty Cycle @26V) (%)

LPW_1* 161 3.58 1.93 54 46LPW_2* 161 3.58 0.03 0.8 99

LPW Deployment

*Setpoint decreased to -15ºC (from 0ºC)

Need at least 30% Duty Cycle Margin on Individual Heaters

1-16MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Status

• LPW– Heaters installed and verified

• PFDPU– Black Anodized

• SEP– Painted, heaters in stock, Ultem in stock

• STATIC– Radiator painted, heaters in stock, eGRAF in stock

• SWEA– Radiator painted, heater in stock, G-10 in stock

• SWIA– Radiator painted, heaters installed and verified, eGRAF in stock

1-17MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Vacuum,Thermal Balance and Bakeout

• Survival Cycle – Thermal Vacuum first cycle (SWIA, STATIC, SWEA have the same survival/operational

temperatures)– Heater functional at first survival cold cycle

• Thermal Balance*– Extended hot/cold soak on a Thermal Vacuum cycle at operational temperature

• Break vacuum if necessary to uninstall thermal isolators (SEP, SWEA) after TB• Thermal Vacuum cycling

– Eight Cycles– Ramp rates between 1ºC/min and 2ºC/min.– Soak times 4 hours within 3ºC from plateau (or less than 1ºC/hr. temperature change)– Heater functional at first operational cold cycle

• Bakeout– Extend last cycle to obtain 48 hours of bakeout at high temperature

• Flight MLI will be used during testing during thermal vacuum tests– STATIC, SEP, SWEA will have flight MLI blankets (*Thermal Balance)– LPW and SWIA will not have MLI blankets and will not be thermally balanced at instrument

level– PFDPU does not have an MLI blanket and will not be thermally balanced at subsystem level

1-18MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Vacuum/Balance/Bakeout Profile

Survival/Balance* Cycle

Operational Cycle Bakeout

Survival Heater Functional

Operational Heater Functional

Turn on, TB

Turn on, TB

Turn on/offTurn

off

Chamber Break

1-19MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• Bay Side– Pressure range: down to 1e-6 Torr– Temperature range: -60ºC to 90ºC– Transition rates 1 to 2ºC/min– Clean room access and ESD benches– Interlock, fail-safe valves– TC Channels – 16, silicon diode reference– Currently with 6 DB-25 ports (configurable)– Over-temperature alarms– Liquid nitrogen cooled– Used for THEMIS– TQCM available– Nitrogen gas backfill

• Snout 1 and 2– Pressure range: down to 1e-6 Torr– Transition rates 1 to 2ºC/min– Temperature range: -70ºC to 90ºC

• Small cold finger down to -180ºC– TC Channels – 32, silicon diode reference– Currently with 5 DB-25 ports (configurable)– Clean tent access– Over-temperature alarms– Liquid nitrogen cooled– Used for THEMIS, RBSP– TQCM available on Snout 2– Nitrogen gas backfill

• Bertha– Backup, larger chamber

Thermal Facilities

1-20MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

T-Vac Chamber Instrument Interface

Thermal

SWIA STATIC

1-21MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• Test will be considered successful if the following criteria are met:– Completion of the thermal balance testing and collection of all data– Thermal engineer approval of balance data vs. model predicts– Successful performance of each CPT and LPT– Proper functionality of all survival and operational heater circuits– Passing a post-test inspection– No loss of functionality observed such as changes in:

• Instrument or component power draw• Detector signals or noise levels• Instrument thermal performance

Pass Criteria

1-22MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Thermal Balance and Thermal Vacuum Document Status

Instrument Document Document Status

SEP MAVEN_SEP_091_Thermal_Vacuum_Test Draft

STATIC MAVEN_STATIC_PROC_049_Thermal_Vacuum_Test Completed

SWIA MAVEN_SWIA_048_Thermal_Vacuum_Test Completed

SWEA MAVEN_SWEA_086_Thermal_Vacuum_Test Completed

LPW MAVEN_PFP_LPW_PLAN_0198_LPW_Preamp_FM_Thermal_Cycling_TestMAVEN_PFP_LPW_029_Stacer_TV_Test_ProcedureMAVEN_PFP_LPW_043_Whip_IF_Thermal_Test_ProcedureMAVEN_PFP_LPW_044_Whip_Thermal_Cycling_Test_ProcedureMAVEN_PFP_LPW_045_Stacer_Harness_Thermal_Test_Procedure

CompletedCompletedDraftDraftDraft

PFDPU MAVEN_PF_TP_044_PFDPU_Thermal_Vac_Test Draft

1-23MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Facilities Schedule

July August

Chamber

Bay Side

Snout 1

Bertha Backup Chamber

Snout 2 LPW

SWEA SEP

SWIA

STATIC

Subsystem or Instrument

PFDPU

1-24MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Other Thermal Testing

• Heater Installation Verification– IR image of functional heater post installation

1-25MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

June Work

• Prepare chambers by July– Assemble clean tent for Snout 1-2– Clean clean-room for Bayside chamber– Build GSE feed-throughs– Bakeouts of chambers

• Thermal Balance Model• Finalize TC locations• Finish thermal vacuum documentation

1-26MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Summary

• Heater budget well understood

• Temperatures understood, maybe some modifications needed to tests limits

• Documents are in draft form, need to complete

• Testing chambers scheduled and available

• Preparations needed for testing

1-27MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Back Up Slides

1-28MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• STATIC

Thermal Design

Thermal

White Paint

MLIMLI

MLI

MLI

Heaters (under MLI)

Black Nickel

MLI

Cotherm (8W/C)

1-29MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• Area Painted White: 17.64 in²

• Area Painted White in Model:17.59 in²– Just changed the

area painted (previously 20 in²)

Thermal Design – STATIC Radiator

Thermal

1-30MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• SWIA

Thermal Design

Thermal

White Paint

MLIMLI

MLI

Heaters (under MLI)

Black Nickel

MLI

Cotherm (8W/C)

1-31MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• Area Painted White: 16.59 in²

• Area Painted White in Model:16.4 in² (previously 14.1 in²)

Thermal Design - SWIA Radiator

Thermal

1-32MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• SWEA

Thermal Design

Thermal

White Paint

MLI

MLI

MLI

Heaters Inside

Black Nickel

MLI

G10 – Standoffs (0.52 W/C)

1-33MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• Actual radiator is ½ of the cylindrical surface: 9.75 in²

• Model radiator is 9.7 in²

Thermal Design - SWEA Radiator

Thermal

1-34MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• LPW

Thermal Design

Thermal

DAG213 LPW Black NickelTitanium Nitride

Wet Contact (8W/C)

Heater For Deployment Only

0.3 (W/C)

1-35MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• SEP

Thermal Design

Thermal

MLI

White Paint

White Paint

Heater (inside cover)

White Paint

Ultem Standoffs (0.33W/C)

1-36MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

• PFDPU

Thermal Design

Thermal

Black Anodize

Wet Mount (NuSil?) (4.6W/C)

1-37MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Cruise Temperatures

Thermal

1-38MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Science Temperatures

Thermal

*SEP is heater controlled

1-39MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Deep Dip Temperatures

Thermal

1-40MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Relay Temperatures

Thermal

1-41MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Safe Modes and Instruments Powered Off Temperatures

Thermal

*SWIA 1.9ºC above AFT in 1002 Initial Acquisition

1-42MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Cruise Heater Power

Thermal

1-43MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Science Heater Power

Thermal

1-44MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Deep Dips Heater Power

Thermal

1-45MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Relay Heater Power

Thermal

1-46MAVEN PER May 23-25, 2011

Survival Heater Power

Thermal

Cases 1001 and 1002 do not need any heater power