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_______________General Description

The M AX1658/MAX1659 linear regulators maximize bat-tery life by combining ultra-low supply currents and low

dropout voltages. They feature D ual M ode operation,

which presets the output to 3.3V ( M A X1658) or 5V

(M AX1659) , or permits it to be adjusted between 1.25V

and 16V. The regulator supplies up to 350mA, with a

typical dropout of 650mV for the M AX1658 and 490mV

for the M AX1659. With their P-channel M O SFET pass

transistor, these devices maintain a low quiescent cur-

rent from zero output current to the full 350mA, even in

dropout. They support input voltages ranging from 2.7V

to 16.5V.

The M AX1658/M AX1659 feature a 1A shutdown mode,

reverse battery protection, short-circuit protection, and

thermal shutdown. They are available in a special high-power (1.2W), 8-pin SO package designed specifically

for compact applications.

________________________Applications

D igital C ordless Phones

PC S Phones

C ellular Phones

PCM CIA C ards

M odems

Hand-Held I nstruments

Palmtop C omputers

Electronic Planners

____________________________Features

o Wide Input Voltage Range: 2.7V to 16.5Vo Low, 490mV Dropout at 350mA Output Current

(MAX1659)

o 30A Supply Current

o 1A Max Shutdown Current

o High-Power (1.2W) 8-Pin SO Package

o Dual Mode Operation Output:

Fixed 3.3V (MAX1658)

Fixed 5.0V (MAX1659)or Adjustable (1.25V to 16V)

o Thermal Overload Protection

o Current-Limit Protection

o Reverse Battery Protection

MAX1658/MAX1

659

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products 1

IN

OUTOUT

1

2

8

7

GND

INSHDN

IN

SET

SO

TOP VIEW

3

4

6

5

MAX1658

MAX1659

__________________Pin Configuration

MAX1658

MAX1659

IN

SHDNOFFON

INPUTUP TO 16.5V

OUTPUT3.3V OR 5V,OR ADJ. (DOWN TO 1.25V);UP TO 350mA

GND SET

OUT

__________Typical Operating Circuit

19-1263; R ev 0; 7/97

PART

MAX1658C /D

MAX1659C /D 0C to + 70C

0C to +70C

TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

Dice*

Dice*

______________Ordering Information

Dual M ode is a trademark of M axim I ntegrated Products.

M AX1658ESA -40C to + 85C 8 SO

M AX1659ESA -40C to + 85C 8 SO

*Dice are tested at TA = + 25C , D C parameters only.

For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800.For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.

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MA

X1658/MAX165

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350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V IN = 5V (M AX1658), V IN = 6V (M AX1659); C O U T = 10F; SHDN= IN; TA = TM IN to TM A X; unless otherwise noted. Typical values are

at TA = + 25C.) (N ote 2)

Stresses beyond those listed under A bsolute M aximum R atings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional

operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to

absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

IN to G ND ................................................................-17V to + 17V

C ontinuous O utput C urrent....... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ..... .500mA

O utput Short-C ircuit D uration ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ....I nfinite

SET, SHDNto G ND .................................................-17V to +17V

O U T to G ND ................................................-0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V)

C ontinuous Power D issipation ( Note 1)

SO (derate 14.5mW/C above + 70C ) ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... .1.2W

O perating Temperature Range

M AX 1658ESA/M AX 1659ESA ............................-40C to + 85C

Junction Temperature. ..... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... ...+ 150C

Storage Temperature Range ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... .-65C to +160C

Lead Temperature R ange ( soldering, 10sec).... ...... ...... ..+ 300C

SET = G ND,

0mA < ILOAD < 350mA

VO U T = 5.0V

SHDN 0.4V

SE T = O UT

SHDN= G N D or SHDN= IN

2.7V V IN 16.5V

2.7V V IN 16.5V

M AX 1658, V IN = 5V to 16.5V

IO U T = 350mA

10Hz to 100kH z

(N ote 3)

IO U T = 0mA to 350mA

CONDITIONS

s120tSTARTShutdown Exit T ime

A0.1 1IQSHDNShutdown Supply C urrent

A0.1ISHDNShutdown Input Bias C urrent

V2.0V IN HSHDNLog ic-High Input Threshold

V0.4V IN LSHDNLogic-Low I nput

mVp-p2.5enO utput Noise

% VO U T0VO SHStartup O vershoot

% /mA0.003VLD RLoad Regulation

V

4.85 5.00 5.15

3.20 3.30 3.40

VO U T

V2.7 16.5V INInput Voltage R ange

O utput Voltage

0.03

mV

490 875

VD OD ropout Voltage (Note 4) 650 1500

2

V1.25 16Regulated O utput

Voltage Range

mA350IO U T ( M A X )M aximum O utput C urrent

mA900ILI MC urrent Limit

A30 60IQSupply C urrent

UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER

M AX 1659, V IN = 6V to 16.5V% /V

0.05VLN RLine Regulation

M AX 1658,

5V V IN 16.5V

M AX 1659,

6V V IN 16.5V

IO U T = 1mA

M AX 1658

M AX 1659

SHUTDOWN

Note 1: See O perating Region and Power Dissipationsection.

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MAX1658/MAX1

659

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(V IN = 5V (M AX1658), VIN = 6V (M AX1659); C O U T = 10F; SHDN= IN ; TA = TM IN to TM A X; unless otherwise noted. Typical values are

at TA = + 25C.) (N ote 2)

Note 2: Speci fications to -40C are guaranteed by design, not production tested.Note 3: Adjustable configuration only. V IN = 16.5V.Note 4: The dropout voltage is defined as (VIN - VO U T ) when VO U T is 100mV below the value of VO U T for V IN = VO U T + 2V.

TA = + 85C ( Note 3)

TA = + 25C ( Note 3)

IO U T = 10A ( Note 3)

CONDITIONS

A0.1

ISETSET Input Leakage C urrent0.01 0.025

V1.174 1.210 1.246VSETSET Reference Voltage

UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER

C165TSDThermal Shutdown Temperature

C10TSDThermal Shutdown H ysteresis

__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics(V IN = 5V (M AX1658), V IN = 6V (M AX1659); SHDN= IN ; SET = G ND; C IN = 0.1F; CO U T = 10F tantalum; TA = + 25C ; unless

otherwise noted.)

-1 0

-9 010 1000 10k100 100k

MAX1658

POWER-SUPPLY

REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY

-7 0

-8 0

M

AX1658TOC01

FREQUENCY ( Hz)

PSRR(dB)

-6 0

-4 0

-5 0

-3 0

-2 0

VIN = 5.2V TO 5.4VVOUT = 3.3V

-8

-7 210 1000 10k100 100k

MAX1659

POWER-SUPPLY

REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY

-5 6

-6 4

M

AX1658TOC03

FREQUENCY ( Hz)

PSSR(dB)

-4 8

-3 2

-4 0

-2 4

-1 6

VIN = 6.15V TO 6.4VVOUT = 5V

SET INPUT

THERMAL PROTECTION

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X1658/MAX165

9

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(V IN = 5V (M AX1658), V IN = 6V (M AX1659); SHDN= IN ; SET = GN D; C IN = 0.1F; CO UT = 10F tantalum; TA = + 25C ; unless

otherwise noted.)

0.990

0.994

0.992

0.996

0.998

1.000

0 100 200 300 400

NORMALIZED OUTPUT V OLTAGE

vs. LOAD CURRENT

M

AX1658/59TOC05

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

OUTPUTVOLTAGEVNOMINAL/VOUT(V)

3.3V OUTPUT

5V OUTPUT

0

20

40

60

80

0 3 6 9 1512 18

MAX1658

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. I NPUT VOLTAGE

M

AX1658/59TOC06

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

SUPPLYCURRENT(A)

IL = 100mA

IL = 0mA

VOUT = 3.3V

0

500

1000

1500

2000

0 3 6 9 12 15

DROPOUT VOLTAGE

vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE

M

AX1658/59TOC07

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

DROPOUTVOLTAGE(mV)

IL = 350mA

B

A

MAX1659

LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSEMAX1658/59TOC10

A: INPUT VOLTAGE (1V/div) , VIN = 7V (HIGH), VIN = 6V (LOW)B: OUTPUT VOLTAGE (100mV/di v)

100 s/div

VOUT = 5.0V

0

200

400

600

100

300

500

700

800

0 100 200 300 400

DROPOUT VOLTAGE

vs. LOAD CURRENT

M

AX1658/59TOC08

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

DROPOUTVOLTAGE(mV)

VOUT = 5.0V

VOUT = 3.3V

0

40

80

100

20

60

120

140

0 100 200 300 40050 150 250 350

QUIESCENT CURRENT

vs. LOAD CURRENT

M

AX1658/59TOC09

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

QUIESCENTCURRENT(A)

B

A

100 s/div

MAX1658

LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSEMAX1658/59TOC11

A: INPUT VOLTAGE (1V/div) , VIN = 6V (HIGH), VIN = 5V (LOW)B: OUTPUT VOLTAGE (100mV/di v)

VOUT = 3.3V

B

A

VOUT = 5V

MAX1659

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSEMAX1658/59TOC12

A: OUTPUT VOLTAGE (100mV/di v)B: IOUT = 300mA (HIGH), IOUT = 40mA (LOW)

200 s/div

B

A

VOUT = 3.3V

MAX1658

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSEMAX1658/59TOC13

A: OUTPUT VOLTAGE (100mV/di v)B: IOUT = 300mA (HIGH), IOUT = 40mA (LOW)

200 s/div

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MAX1658/MAX1

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350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(V IN = 5V (M AX1658), V IN = 6V (M AX1659); SHDN= IN ; SET = G ND; C IN = 0.1F; CO U T = 10F tantalum; TA = + 25C ; unless

otherwise noted.)

B

A 0V

3.3V

100s/div

M AX16 58 OVERSHOOT AND

TIM E EXITING SHUTDOWNMAX1658/59TOC14

A: OUTPUT VOLTAGE (1V/di v)B: SHDN PIN VOLTAGE (2V/div)

B

A 0V

5V

100s/div

M AX16 59 OVERSHOOT AND

TIM E EXITING SHUTDOWNMAX1658/59TOC15

A: OUTPUT VOLTAGE (2V/di v)B: SHDN PIN VOLTAGE (2V/div)

10ms/div

10Hz TO 100 kHz NOISE, VOUT = 5V (1mV/div), IOUT = 165mA

OUTPUT NOISE

______________________________________________________________Pin Description

G roundG ND8

Regulated O utput Voltage. Fixed or adjustable from 1.25V to 16V. Sources up to 350mA. For stable opera-

tion, bypass with a 10F, low-ESR (< 0.2) capacitor from O U T to G ND . For improved load-transient

response, use a larger low-ESR capacitor.

O UT4, 5

Unregulated Input Supply Voltage, 2.7V to 16.5V i nput range. T he IN pins also serve as heatsinks. C onnect

to a copper plane to achieve maximum thermal dissipation.IN3, 6, 7

PIN

Shutdown Input. When SHDNis low, the device turns off and typically draws 0.1A of supply current.SHDN2

O utput Voltage I nput. Connecting SET to ground selects the factory-preset 3.3V ( M AX1658) or 5V

(M AX1659) output voltage. For an adjustable output voltage, connect SET to a resistive voltage divider from

OU T to GND.

SET1

FUNCTIONNAME

104

103

102

1010 50k

OUTPUT NOISE DENSITY

vs. FREQUENCY

M

AX1658TOC02

FREQUENCY ( Hz)

OUTPUTN

OISE

DENSITY(nVRMS/Hz)

VOUT = 5VIOUT = 165mA

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X1658/MAX165

9

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

MAX1658

MAX1659

P

P

OUT

SET

IN

SHDN

MOSFETDRIVERWITH

CURRENTLIMIT

R2

R1

65mV

GND

DUAL-MODECOMPARATOR

1.21VREFERENCE

THERMALSENSOR

ERRORAMPLIFIER

Figure 1. Functional Diagram

_______________Detailed Description

The M AX1658/M AX1659 are micropower, low-dropout

linear regulators featuring D ual M ode operation,

which allows them to deliver an adjustable (1.25V to

16.5V) or preset (3.3V for the M A X1658, 5V for

M A X1659) output. T hey supply up to 350mA while

requiring only 120A of supply current (typically 30Awith no load). The devices include thermal shutdown

circuitry, output current limiting, a P-channel pass tran-

sistor, a D ual M ode comparator, and a feedback volt-

age divider. Figure 1 shows the functional diagram.

The 1.21V reference is connected to the amplifiers

inverting input. The error amplifier compares this refer-

ence with the selected feedback voltage and amplifies

the difference. The error signal applies the drive to the

P-channel pass transistor. If the feedback voltage is

lower than the reference voltage, the transistors gate is

pulled lower, increasing output current.

The output voltage is fed back through an internal

resistor network or an external user-selected network.

The Dual M ode comparator examines the voltage at theSET pin and selects either the internal or external feed-

back path. If SET is below 65mV, internal feedback sets

the M A X 1658s output voltage to 3.3V and the

M AX1659s to 5V. O therwise, external feedback is used

for an adjustable output between 1.25V and 16.5V.

A dditional features include internal current limi ting,

reverse battery protection, thermal-overload protection,

and a 1A shutdown mode.

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MAX1658/MAX1

659

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

P-Channel Pass TransistorThe M AX1658/M AX1659 feature an internal P-channel

M O SFET pass transistor. U sing a M O SFET p rovidesseveral advantages over similar PNP designs, including

lower dropout voltage and extended battery life. U nlike

bipolar transistors, M O SFETs reduce quiescent current,

because they require no base current, particularly at

heavy loads and in dropout. A s a result, the

M AX1658/M AX1659 operate at a low quiescent current

even in dropout.

Output Voltage SelectionDual Mode operation allows the M AX1658/M AX1659 to

operate at either a preset or a user-adjustable output

voltage. The device compares the SET pin voltage with

an internal 65mV reference. If the voltage is lower than

65mV (typically achieved by grounding SET), the

device switches to an internal resistor-divider feedback

network that sets the output voltage. The M A X1658s

preset output voltage is 3.3V and the M AX1659s is 5V

(Figure 2) .

If the SET pin is not below 65mV, the device switches to

external feedback and SET becomes a feedback input.

The feedback network can be configured to produce

an output between 16V and the voltage reference

( nominally 1.21V) . U nder regulation, the feedback

mechanism adjusts the error signal such that the volt-

age at the SET pin equals the reference voltage.

Therefore, to achieve the minimum output, connect SET

directly to O U T. For other voltages, a resistive voltage-

divider network is necessary. Figure 3 shows the topol-

ogy of a typical circuit operating in adjustable mode.

The output voltage is set by the following equation:

where VSET = 1.21V. Solving for R1 yields:

The input leakage current of the SET input is less than

25nA. T his allows the use of large resistors in the feed-

back network to minimize output current loss without

compromising accuracy. R 2 can be as high as 500k

in most applications.

ShutdownA logic low on the SHDN pin places the M A X1658/M AX1659 in shutdown. This mode deactivates all func-

tions, including the pass transistor. The device con-

sumes less than 1A of supply current in shutdown,

and its output becomes high impedance. The

M AX1658/M AX1659 exit shutdown in 100s.

Output Current LimitThe M AX1658/M AX1659 include current-limiting circuit-

ry that monitors and controls the pass transistor and

limits output current to around 900mA . The output can

be shorted to ground indefinitely without damaging the

device.

R 1 = R 2V

V1

O U T

SET

V VR

RO U T SET= +

11

2

MAX1658(MAX1659)

SHDN2 4, 5

8 1

3, 6, 7IN

INPUTVOLTAGE

ONOFF

OUTPUT VOLTAGE3.3V/350mA(5V/350mA)

10F

0.1F

GND SET

OUT

Figure 2. Preset O utput C onfiguration

MAX1658MAX1659IN

3, 6, 7 4, 5

1

8

2SHDN

OUTPUTVOLTAGE

COUT10F

R1

R20.1F

INPUTVOLTAGE

GND

OUT

SET

VOUT = VSET(1 + R1 )R2

VSET = 1.21V

Figure 3. Adjustable O utput Configuration Using External

Feedback Resistors

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Thermal-Overload ProtectionThermal-overload protection limits total power dissipa-

tion in the M AX1658/M AX1659. When the junction tem-perature exceeds TJ = + 165C , the pass transistor

deactivates, allowing the IC to cool. O nce it has cooled

by 10C , the control logic will enable operation. Under

thermal overload, the output of the device will pulse as

the die heats up and then cools to operational levels.

Prolonged operation under these conditions is not rec-

ommended.

Operating Region and Power DissipationM aximum power dissipation of the M AX1658/M AX1659

depends on the thermal resistance of the package and

circuit board, the temperature difference between the

die and ambient air, and the rate of air flow. The power

dissipation by the device is P = IO UT

(VIN

- VO U T

). The

maximum power dissipation is:

where (TJ - T A ) is the temperature difference between

M A X1658/M A X1659 die junction and the surrounding

air, JB is the thermal resistance of the package, and

BA is the thermal resistance through the printed circuit

board, copper traces, and other materials to the

surrounding ai r . T he 8-pin SO pack age for the

M AX1658/M AX1659 features a special lead frame with

a lower thermal resistance and higher allowable power

dissipation than a standard S O -8. T he thermal resis-tance of this package is JB = 69C /W, compared with

JB = 170C/W for an SO -8.

The IN pins of the M A X1658/M AX1659 package per-

form the dual function of providing an electrical con-

nection to IN and channeling heat away. C onnect all IN

pins to the input voltage using a large pad or power

plane on the surface. Where this is impossible, connect

to a copper plane on an adjacent layer. The pad should

meet the dimensions specified in Figure 4.

Figure 4 assumes the IC is soldered directly to the pad,

has a + 125C maximum junction temperature and a

+ 25C ambient air temperature, and has no other heat

sources. Use larger pad sizes for lower junction tem-

peratures, higher ambient temperatures, or conditions

where the IC is not soldered directly to a heat-sinking

IN pad.

The M A X1658/M A X1659 can regulate currents up to

350mA and operate with input voltages up to 16.5V, but

not simultaneously. H igh output currents can only be

sustained when input-output differential voltage is low,

as shown in the following equation. M aximum power

dissipation depends on packaging, board layout, tem-

perature, and air flow. The maximum output current is:

where PM A X is derived from the T J = 125C curve ofFigure 4.

Reverse Battery ProtectionThe M AX1658/M AX1659 feature reverse battery protec-

tion. U nder normal operation, a P-channel M O SFET

connects the substrate of the device to IN . When the

input voltage falls below ground (implying reverse bat-

tery conditions), the P-channel switch turns off and dis-

connects the substrate from IN , d isabling the device.

The maximum reverse battery voltage allowed is -17V.

SHDN also withstands reverse battery conditions andcan be connected directly to IN with no loss of protec-

tion.

Polarized input bypass capacitors will be damaged

under reverse battery conditions. To ensure circuit reli-

abi lity, use a non-polarized capaci tor at the input.

The M AX1658/MAX1659 do not provide reverse current

protection. If VO U T is greater than V IN by more than

300mV, reverse current will flow. Reverse current pro-

tection can be added by connecting a Schottky diode

in series with IN .

IP x C T

V V x CO U T M A X

M A X A

IN O U T

( ) = ( )

( ) 125

100

PT T

M A X

J A

JB BA

=( )+( )

MA

X1658/MAX165

9

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

4000.1

0.65

16.5

COPPER GROUND PAD AREA

10 (in2)

65 (cm2)

POWERDISSIPATION(mW) Tj = +125C

Tj = +85C

SINGLE-SIDED 1oz. COPPERTA = +25C, STILL AIR

Figure 4. Typical M aximum Power D issipation vs. G round Pad

Area

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__________Applications Information

Output Capacitor Selection and StabilityTo maintain stability, connect a 10F capacitor with

less than 200m equivalent series resistance ( ESR )

from O U T to G N D . Larger output capacitors improve

load-transient response. C urrents lower than 350mA

make the use of smaller output capacitors possible.

T able 1 shows the maximum output current typically

achieved using various output capacitors. O utput volt-

ages higher than 3.3V require less output capacitance

to remain stable.

Table 1. Typical Load Current Capabilities

Input Bypass CapacitorThe use of a 0.1F to 10F input bypass capacitor is

recommended. Larger capacitors provide better sup-ply-noise rejection and line-transient response, as well

as improved performance when the supply has a high

AC impedance. Polarized input bypass capacitors will

be damaged under reverse battery conditions. If

reverse input voltages are expected, use a non-polar-

ized capacitor at the input.

Noise and PSRRThe M AX1658/MAX1659 exhibit 2.5mVp-p of noise dur-

ing normal operation. This noise level is negligible in

most applications.

The M A X1658/M A X1659 are designed to maintain

excellent power-supply rejection (55dB) at 50Hz/60Hz

(or 50dB at 120Hz). T hese regulators are ideal for wall-cube applications that may contain significant ripple.

Larger input and output capacitors will further improve

the circuits A C response. See the P ower-Supp ly

R ejection R atio vs. Frequency graphs in the Typical

O perating C haracteristics.

MAX1658/MAX1

659

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9

OUTPUT CAPACITOR

0mA to 120mA2.2F tantalum

LOAD CURRENT RANGE

0mA to 250mA4.7F tantalum

0mA to 350mA10F tantalum

___________________Chip Information

TRANSISTO R C O UNT: 207

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350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

10 ______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________Package Information

SO

IC

N

.EPS

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MAX1658/MAX1

659

350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

______________________________________________________________________________________ 11

NOTES

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350mA, 16.5V Input,Low-Dropout Linear Regulators

NOTES

M axim cannot assume responsibi lity for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a M axim product. N o circuit patent licenses are

implied. M axim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600

1997 Maxi m I ntegrated Prod ucts P ri nted US A i s a reg istered trad emark of Maxim I ntegrated Products.