Date post: | 16-Apr-2017 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | ecodesign-centre-edc |
View: | 854 times |
Download: | 1 times |
maximising resource value through ecodesign @frank_oconnor Director @ecodesigncentre CIWM New Members Network Event April 2013
to believe in something, and not to live it, is dishonest.
Mahatma Gandhi
make ecodesign happen
we over consume
source: ads-ngo.com
98% of products are thrown away within 6 months
source: Edwin Datschefski & United NaQons University
Image www.castlereagh.gov.uk
we live in a throwaway society
………… but there is no away
every design choice has a consequence
image source: Chris Jordan
bad design is a social crime
source: Banksy
disconnect between people ….. and between planet and people
‘commandments of industrialised society’
1) create more desire (perceived needs) 2) thou shalt consume (= good life) culture of consumpQon -‐ devaluing of culture
!
source: Henry 1949 cited in Jones 1987
source: miscell. web sites
iPo[y
real need?
.. collecQve unconscious behaviour ….. with catastrophic unintended consequences
!
air pollu:on kills 3 million people each year, mostly in poor countries
source: WHO / BBC
responsibility
polluQon
between 100 and 1000 species become ex:nct each year, because their habitats are changing or being destroyed.
source: UK Government
responsibility
degradaQon
population growth
source: engine group and UNFPA source: engine group and UK statistics
ageing population
emerging economies
1 billion of these people are living in slums, squats & unofficial settlements
source: UNHABITAT
~4000 children die each day
from diseases associated with lack of access to safe drinking water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene
water access
source: UN / flickr
…...individuals act primarily on issues that impact their personal well-‐being, their family, and their immediate community. .. unless those needs are tended to, most individuals won't commit to causes that promise to benefit the world at large. Catherine Greener
source: WHO / BBC
!
we ALL have to change
!
what
approach to design that considers the materials, processes & practices of a company from a full life cycle perspective.
why
it helps identify layers of waste & layers of value
80% of impact
recent business response • 50% of companies have redesigned products or
processes in response to rising materials prices • 66% sought different sourcing options
• 40% of companies have substituted some inputs with cheaper alternatives
how
ecodesign considers all life cycle impacts, adressing the biggest impacts and designs these out
designers interact between industry, users and other actors
industry
consumers
design
designers can influence how people consume, use, behave … industry
consumers
design
!
our mission is to make ecodesign happen
through collaboration along the life cycle
current collaborative work in Europe
Bio-based plastics
PhotoVoltaics
Electronics PCBs Semi-conductors
Smart Textiles
Industrial Machines Sensors
image source: Fuse / Ge[y
design for…. durability longevity, durability, desire
image source: dualit, kitchenaid
image source: Panasonic
design for…. disassembly recycling, servicing, end-of-
life, upgrade, lean
manufacturing, cleaner
production, down-cycling,
material segregation,
image source: from Panasonic
design for…. low impact materials recycled, recyclable, bio materials, compatibility, compostable,
renewable, sustainable
image source: inhabitat, Worn Again, Moscardino, Remarkable, Sony
design for…. renewable power human powered, solar, wind, bio, re-chargeable
image source: Philips, Freeplay, Solio
design for…. eco-packaging natural, returnable, reusable, multifunction, biodegradable
design for…. product systems returnable, remanufacture,
re-use, closed-loop, end-of-life,
product-service-system
image source: RSA
design for…. fair & just production health and safety, employees
rights, unions, forced labour, child
labour, discrimination,
source: martin charter / CFSD
the single biggest problem in communicaQon is the illusion that it has taken place George Bernard Shaw
source: Apple
1989
source: Apple
1993
design
2010
source: wiki.umd.edu / getty images source: Chris Jordan
neodymium
source: Harman & wiki
car speaker
source: hybridcars.com
polluQon
true cost
source: dailymail.co.uk
toxicity, health
true cost
recovery
true cost
source: retrench.co.uk
source: mywindpowersystem.com
low carbon / high on criQcal materials
criQcal materials in WEEE
• the WEEE discarded in the UK over the last decade contained – £5 billion of gold – £1 billion of silver – £1 billion of palladium
• very liRle recovered, only 22% collected for recycling
source: miscell.
NO MAGIC MATERIALS
way forward?
source: ZIPcars
Cradle to Cradle
10
“remake the way wemake things” thinking about the materials we use, howour products are designed and assembled, and their cyclesof use with our customers.
No matter how good your products are, there comes a timewhen their first useful life comes to an end. In considering product life cycles Cradle to Cradle asks us to re-think thecommonplace approach of “take, make & waste” and thisprompted us to act.
During the early stages of the design of Ara we established arelationship with one of Cradle to Cradle’s authors, renowned industrial chemist Micheal Braungart. Throughout the development we have been working with EPEA, Micheal’s C2C organisation based in Hamburg.
We’ve always very carefully considered the materials that we usein our products but our aim in working with EPEA is to ensurethat what we’re using is truly safe, for humans and the environment alike, and successful in technical cycles of reuse.This means looking in much more detail at every chemical ingredient in the materials we use; to determine which inhibitthis aim and need to be substituted or remove as a result.
Cradle to Cradle is an approach to design which looks to makeus truly environmentally effective, by developing products forclosed loop systems in which all the materials used are safe andbeneficial - either to biodegrade naturally or to be fully recycledinto high quality materials for subsequent product generations,again and again. In order for us to maximise the value of the materials used in your chair we’d like to get them back onceyou’ve finished with them. It’s pretty simple, all you need to dois visit our website at www.orangebox.com/endoflife.htm
Returning your ARA at ‘End of Life’
Desig
n En
gin
eering
4
Arm
support that’s there only when you need it.
Our goal w
as to design a new arm
pad that was m
ore comfortable
than ever, using materials that could be segregated easily and recycled
more effectively. The traditional PU
is replaced by a flexible polymer
with a separate insert m
ade from recycled foam
. The result is an arm
rest that’s robust, easy to use and probably the most com
fortablew
e’ve ever made.
Do som
ething really simple; m
ake the chair base 100%
r ecyclable.N
ot the most com
plicated part on a task chair, granted, but we asked
ourselves the question - some look m
uch better than others but allplastic chair bases are pretty m
uch the same, aren’t they? W
ell in onesense they are, and w
ith very few exceptions they all have a m
etal collar m
oulded into the plastic to stop the gas lift creeping throughthe base. G
reat for not dragging your chair across the carpet butnot so great w
hen you come to recycle it, as the collar can be very
difficult to remove.
Smart design and careful m
aterial selection has enabled us to createa base w
ithout a collar insert. A sim
ple point but unlike almost all
other plastic bases ours is 100% recyclable. A
nd rest assured we’ve
tested it like mad.
The Mechanism
Ara’s
synchronous m
echanism
delivers a
smooth,
balanced m
ovement
from
impressively
refined engineering.
Why
synchronous? Quite sim
ply, we’ve alw
ays felt that the action ofseat and back m
oving together in this way provides a natural,
intuitive ride. Proven ergonomic research also tells us that regular
changes in posture improves our w
ell being when sitting at w
ork.W
e know that people com
e in all shapes and sizes. That’s why
smart engineering inside the m
echanism m
eans the ride can betuned and balanced to your precise needs, using adjustm
ent controls that are easy to operate and labelled clearly.
disassembly end of life cradle to cradle
ecodesign is good design
ecodesign consideraQons considera:on of full life cycles / system considera:on of all ‘sustainability’ issues / focus on greatest impact no shiX of pressure between stages of life cycle / true cost crea:on of goods and services with higher overall quality and value / transforma:ve use cycles embrace new models of business & ownership
!1
ecodesign criteria long-‐life non-‐toxic localise renewable energy
!2
innovaQon through mindset changes – think … ‘resource’ instead of ‘waste’ ‘need’, ‘use’ instead of ‘consume’ how to transform ‘stuff’ & not destroy wider life cycle / circular economy team
!3
think …. collaborate & co-‐develop (shared responsibility & empathy) new responsible business models journey without a fixed des:na:on
!3 (contd.)
innovaQon in waste industry • provision of service based life cycle solu:ons, e.g. resource stewardship
• access new markets & new knowledge
• crea:on of value along chain • (e.g. help design at front end and close loop at back end)
!4
innovaQon in waste industry • develop new skills & partnerships
• co-‐create goods with transforma:ve use cycles
• new technologies to secure resources
• move beyond legisla:on to value crea:on
!4 (contd.)
waste industry opportuniQes material exchange / markets knowledge exchange market new materials formula:on new products from secured resources
!5
waste industry opportuniQes increased value & role for organics landfill mining new energy sources from secured resources branding / communica:on
!5 (contd.)
do not accept ‘that’s the way it is’
!
we ALL have to change
!
a world where ecodesign is the norm
!
designed, made, remade. zero waste. only resource
!
passport source: Habufa
thanks: @CIWM & Waste Strategy Branch @WelshGovernment
& you & good luck.
ecodesigncentre.org @ecodesigncentre @frank_oconnor