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FAKULTI SENIBINA PERANCANGAN DAN UKURUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UiTM)
SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR
AP213 - Bachelor Of Science (Architecture)
Nurameir Dzakareea Azmi 2007106147
Mohamad Arif Md Zain 2007106125
Muhammad Rahmat Amir Sharippuddin 2007106157
Mohd Fikri Mohd Nor 2007106151
Ahmad Zulkamal Mohd Ziyadi 2007106123
Museum of the 21st Century
CONTENTS
• IDEAS, CONCEPT & INTRODUCTION• FOOTING• METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION• ROOF SYSTEM & SKIN SYSTEM• MATERIALS• SPECIAL FEATURES• SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES
Museum of the 21st Century
IDEAS, CONCEPT & INTRODUCTION
Museum of the 21st Century
Designer : Zaha HadidClient : National Museum of the XXI Century Arts
Cost : 150 Million Euros ($200 Million USD)Area: 30,000 sqm (320,000 sqf)
Stories: 3Awards : Winner, Stirling Prize 2010
First Italian public museum for contemporary creativity,
arts and architecture
Museum of the 21st Century
N N
Location : Flaminio, Rome, ItalyDate : 1998 to 2010
Building Type : Contemporary MuseumConstruction System : Concrete, steel, glass
Climate : Warm Temperate
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum = “an object” Museum = “a field of buildings”
Museum of the 21st Century
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Confluences of Lines Primary force of the site
Unique L-Shape FootprintExplore the possibilities of
linear structure
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Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Major Streams Minor Streams
Galleries Connections & Bridges
Walls constantly intersect and separate to create both indoor and
outdoor spaces
Museum of the 21st Century
FOUNDATION AND METHODOF CONSTRUCTION
Museum of the 21st Century
• strip Footing -basement floor (retaining wall) - 3 storey heights
Cross Section Gallery
Cross Section Main Lobby
Museum of the 21st Century
first floor
second floor
GROUND floor
Museum of the 21st Century
CONSTRUCTION METHOD
•In-situ steel formwork
For continuity, the walls of the MAXXI were cast on-site in self-compacting concrete, representing one of the most challenging aspects of the construction process – with casts up to 50m long
Museum of the 21st Century
CONSTRUCTION METHOD
•Load bearing wall -no column
•Steel structures
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
ROOF SYSTEM&SKIN SYSTEM
Museum of the 21st Century
On the ceiling, deep, evenly spaced fins of glass-fiber-reinforced concrete (GFRC) parallel the gallery side walls, accentuating the effect of every curve.
Museum of the 21st Century
Inside each curving channel, an armature of evenly spaced steel beams parallels the concrete side walls in three dimensions, supporting a roof of double-pane, low-e coated glass panels. The relatively small steel beams are visually emphasized by much larger glass-fiber-reinforced concrete (GFRC) fins that hang below the beams into the interior space.
Museum of the 21st Century
The continuous roof skylight and light-colored interior walls of MAXXI combine to produce a consistent day lighting effect throughout. Epoxy-enameled galvanized steel screens hover above the skylights to mitigate heat gain through the roof, while mirrored diffusers and operable aluminum louvers control light levels within the galleries.
Light from MAXXI's skylight roof is controlled first by a continuous diffuser and finally by a series of aluminum louvers mounted in the channels formed by adjacent fins.
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Detailed gallery roof plan and section drawings
Museum of the 21st Century
Gallery section drawings showing GFRC fins and aluminum louvers
Museum of the 21st Century
Gallery section drawings showing GFRC fins and aluminum louvers.
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Detailed northwest-southeast section drawing through galleries
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
The walls of the MAXXI were cast on-site in self-compacting concrete, representing one of the most challenging aspects of the construction process – with casts up to 50m long
Exposed-concrete walls provide the primary structure of MAXXI. The largest few pairs of these run in parallel to form four top-lit channels that bend and twist in three dimensions. The irregular intersection of these wide channels forms the building's three-story entry and wayfinding space, while their solitary ends enclose four of the five gallery suites.
Museum of the 21st Century
Museum of the 21st Century
The concrete shuttering involved the coordination of casting guidelines issued by Zaha Hadid Architects; with the site management directly responsible for the structural planning of the joinery, the completion of off-standard formwork systems, the design mix of the concrete, and the critical aspects of laying the concrete.
Museum of the 21st Century
Exposed-concrete walls
Museum of the 21st Century
A selection of movable partitions serve as flexible mounting surfaces for art that cannot readily be displayed on MAXXI's many curving walls.
It consists of galleries contained in long, narrow
concrete forms that curve, overlap and weave around
each other.
Museum of the 21st Century
The walls of the MAXXI create major streams and minor streams. The
major streams are the galleries, and the minor streams are the
connections and the bridges. The site has a unique L-shaped footprint that
meanders between existing buildings
Museum of the 21st Century
MATERIALS
Museum of the 21st Century
• Fair-faced concrete Plain concrete (As-cast Finish Concrete / Bare Concrete)
• Also known as decorative concrete, is named for its highly decorative effect.
• Exposed-concrete walls provide the primary structure of MAXXI.
• It belongs to a casting moulding, without any decoration, place concrete used directly as a result of natural surface finishes
Museum of the 21st Century
• Glass fibre reinforced concrete (GFRC)• Glass fiber concretes are mainly used in exterior building façade panels and as
architectural precast concrete.• GFRC fins that hang below the beams into the interior space.
Museum of the 21st Century
• Glass (roof, floor & window)• The use of glass in buildings
is a transparent feature to allow light to enter into rooms and floors, illuminating enclosed spaces and framing an exterior view through a window. It is also a material for internal partitions and external cladding.
• The glass roof is protected on the exterior by a steel mesh that screens light and ensures easy maintenance.
Museum of the 21st Century
• Steel (staircase, column, etc)• Controls qualities such as
the hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of the resulting steel.
• Aesthetical value, modern & contemporary styles
Museum of the 21st Century
• Plasterboard• Panel made of gypsum
plaster pressed between two thick sheets of paper. It is used to make interior walls and ceilings
• Plasterboard connected with concrete walls creates the technical cavity that contains the museum's complex mechanical systems.
Museum of the 21st Century
SPECIAL FEATURES
Museum of the 21st Century
A gallery on the third floor cantilevers 45 feet
beyond the building’s main
structure. A tilted glass wall offers views over
the public plaza.
Museum of the 21st Century
A system of metal grilles, blinds, and adjustable louvers
controls sunlight streaming into galleries.
Museum of the 21st Century
The 228,000 square foot building includes 108,000 square feet of galleries, some of which are accessed by a long winding ramp. Some of the concrete fins
suspended from the steel and glass roofs provide power for lights, while others hold tracks to support temporary walls for exhibitions.
Museum of the 21st Century
A system of steel stairs and ramps serves as a counterpoint to the building’s concrete structure. Built off-site and delivered in sections no larger than 7 feet, the stairs were painted black using the same technology manufacturers use for cars.
Museum of the 21st Century
A forking bridge above the entry was supposed to connect to a pair of outbuildings on the other side of the plaza, but the client decided to renovate
an existing building there instead for use as a café, bookstore, and offices.
Museum of the 21st Century
A selection of movable partitions serve as flexible mounting surfaces for art that cannot readily be displayed on MAXXI many curving walls
Museum of the 21st Century
SUSTAINABILITYISSUES
Museum of the 21st Century
Basic construction materials
Architecturally over-powering, but not the materialsEpoxy floor and concrete walls
Good practice during construction
Complicated job but tidy siteConcrete mixing plant on site
(avoid disruption during the concrete pours)
Waste of resources
Pursuit of concrete perfection
Test wall of 6m by 20m was demolished and rebuilt “at
least 10 times”
Museum of the 21st Century
C02 Sensors
Minimise the quantity of incoming fresh air that
needs to be heated
Fixed Shading System
The carefully designed external steel ribs oriented to the south,
active louvers, as well as internal roller blinds to cut down on radiant
energy and create lighting conditions for 50 to 200 lux
Problematic Skylight
Envelope failures, leaking
Museum of the 21st Century
http://www.andreaskuefer.com/maxximum/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAXXI_%E2%80%93_National_Museum_of_the_21st_Century_Artshttp://maps.google.com.my/http://www.archiplanet.org/wiki/MAXXI%2C_Rome%2C_Italyhttp://www.zaha-hadid.com/architecture/maxxi/#http://civil307.blogfa.com/post-157.aspxhttp://a1-optimization.com/webpromotion/2011/03/16/what_is_a_fair-faced_concrete/http://www.archdaily.com/43822/maxxi-museum-zaha-hadid-architects/http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/portfolio/2010/10/maxxi.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAXXI_%E2%80%93_National_Museum_of_the_21st_Century_Artshttp://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/12/arts/design/12zaha.htmlhttp://redchalksketch.wordpress.com/2010/10/03/maxxi-museum-of-xxi-century-arts-by-zaha-hadid/http://www.architectureweek.com/2010/1117/news_4-3.html
Museum of the 21st Century