May 2014

GM’s Global Engine Oil Specification

dexos®

CQA

Topics…….

• dexos® & Industry - A brief history• Next Generation dexos

• Performance Objectives• Current dexos versus dexos, The Sequel• Next Generation Tests

• Timing

• dexos® licensing program review

• dexos® website

• Summary

OEM’s Develop 1st

Oil Tests

Model Year Warranty Approved

API SA

API SB

API SC

StraightMineral

Oil

InhibitedOnly

1964

API SD

API SE

ILSAC GF-3

(API SL)

ILSAC GF-5(API SN)

API SF

API SG

ILSAC GF-1

(API SH)ILSAC GF-

2(API SJ)

ILSAC GF-4

(API SM)

1st TrueS-Category

1968 1972 1980 1989 1992 1997 2001 2005 20122011

OEM’s Dissatisfied:

ILSAC Created

Additional Tests Added

First Global GM Engine Oil

Specification

Next Generation

DefinedRetrospectiv

ely

A History of Engine Oil Specifications in U.S.More Stringent Performance Requirements Have Resulted in

Higher Quality Oils

2017

ILSAC GF-(A&6B)(API SP)

2015

Model Year

ILSAC GF-3

(API SL)

ILSAC GF-5(API SN)

ILSAC GF-1

(API SH)ILSAC GF-

2(API SJ)

ILSAC GF-4

(API SM)

1990 1992 1997 2001 2005 20122011

First Global GM Engine Oil

Specification Next Generation

A Recent History of Engine Oil Specifications in U.S.

2017

ILSAC GF-(A&6B)(API SP)

2015

Engine P

ower

density

dexos

ILSAC

dexos® review: Goals

• Aligned with Corporate Goals

• Global Common

• Fuel Economy Improvements (initial and retained)

• Engine Oil Robustness Improvements

• Catalyst Friendly

• Hardware Enabling

• Self-sustaining specification

• EOLS Compliant - compliments Oil Life System

• provides for optimized oil drain intervals where EOLS is used

• Customer Focused

• Lower cost of ownership

• Improved Customer Satisfaction

dexos® review - A brief history

• First use –

• Factory Fill in Europe 2010 Model Year

• Factory Fill Globally 2011 Model Year

• Engine Status – 2007-08

• 4, 5, 6, and 8 cylinder engines

• Most are Port Fuel Injection

• Few Direct Injection and Turbo engines

dexos™ review – Global ApplicationFacto

ry

Fill

dexos 1 for spark ignited / dexos 2 for diesel enginesdexos 2 for spark ignited and diesel engines

dexos 1for spark ignited engines

dexos 2 for diesel engines

Serv

ice F

ill

Serv

ice F

ill

dexos® review….• dexos1™ - Specification Highlights

• 11 Engine Tests covering:• High Temperature Oxidation• Sludge• Fuel Economy• Piston Cleanliness• Component Wear• Aeration• Low Temperature Pumpability

• Chemical & Physical Tests:• Viscosity• Catalyst Compatibility• Anti-foam Tendency • Corrosion• Shear Stability• Elastomer Compatibility

dexos® review….• dexos1™ - Specification Highlights

• Combination of CEC, ASTM, and GM engine tests

• CEC/ACEA Tests:• Peugeot TU5JP-L4• Peugeot TU3M• M-111 (Replaced by the M-271) Sludge• M-111 Fuel Economy (if available)

• ASTM/ILSAC Tests:• Sequence IIIG• Sequence IIIGA• Sequence VG• Sequence VIB/VID• Sequence VIII

• GM Tests:• GMPTE-T DUR020 (OP-1)• GMPTE-T MEC024 (Aeration)• GMPTE-T DUR021 (RNT)

Performance Comparison

dexostmreview….• dexos2™ - Specification Highlights

• 15 Engine Tests covering:• High Temperature Oxidation• Sludge• Fuel Economy• Piston Cleanliness• Component Wear• Aeration• Low Temperature Pumpability• Diesel Soot Control

• Chemical & Physical Tests:• Viscosity• Catalyst Compatibility• Anti-foam Tendency • Corrosion• Shear Stability• Elastomer Compatibility

dexostmreview….• dexos2™ - Specification Highlights

• Combination of CEC, ASTM, and GM engine tests• CEC/ACEA Tests:

• Peugeot TU5JP-L4• Peugeot TU3M• M-111 (Replaced by the M-271) Sludge• M-111 Fuel Economy• DV4TD• OM646LA• VW DI

• ASTM/ILSAC Tests:• Sequence IIIG• Sequence IIIGA• Sequence VG

• GM Tests:• GMPTE-T DUR020 (OP-1)• GMPTE-T MEC024 (Aeration)• GMPTE-T DUR021 (RNT)• GMPTE-T DUR019

Performance comparison

Performance Comparison

Next Generation dexos®

• Objectives

• Fuel Economy

• Turbo Charger deposits

• Aeration

• Stochastic Pre-Ignition

• Wear

• Oxidation

• Deposits

Next Generation dexos®

• Industry Engine Test Status

• Sequence IIIG status and replacement

• Sequence IVA status and replacement

• Sequence VG status and replacement

• Sequence VID status and replacement

• New Industry Concerns

• Low Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI)

• Chain Wear

• New SAE J300 viscosity grades

dexos® Next Gen. Engine Tests• dexos1® - Next Gen Specification Highlights

• Combination of CEC, ASTM, and GM engine tests

• CEC/ACEA Tests:• M-271 Sludge (M271 Evo)• M-111 Fuel Economy (if available)

• ASTM/ILSAC Tests:• Sequence VH• Sequence VID/VIE• Sequence VIII

• GM Tests:• OP-2• Aeration• GMOD • Turbo Charger Deposit Test• Wear Test• Stochastic Pre-Ignition• Vehicle Fuel Economy Test

dexos® Engine Test review….

• The 2012 LY7 3.6L engine is available to the labs from the central parts distributor.

• Evaluation of a 0W-16 oil supplied by ASTM TMC has begun. Initial results are positive.

• Exhaust valve leakage has been experienced at some labs• due to deposit build-up between the valve and seat.• Testing has shown that the deposit build-up can be eliminated using a

Top-Tier fuel additive package in the fuel.• The fuel supplier is now supplying the “new” the fuel to all labs

• Changes to the test procedure by the ASTM Surveillance Panel has increased the test duration from 155 hours to 200 hours

• Additions to the procedure include tighter specifications around the test stand external oil circuits to reduce Lab to Lab variation.

Sequence VIE Fuel Economy test status

dexos® Engine Test review….

• LSX V8 based• Twenty-four tests completed • Current testing (ongoing)

• Piston and ring hardware verification progressing favorably• Finalize test stand hardware

• Next steps• Finalize test cycle conditions• Evaluate GMOD reference oil performance

• GMOD LTMS guidelines reviewed by TMC.• Test procedure and test stand setup kit expected to be available Q1 2014• Precision matrix expected to start Q1 2014

GM Oxidation and Deposit test status

dexos® Engine Test review….

• 2013 5.3L V8 LC9 engine• 20 GM Aeration tests completed at SwRI• Aeration test candidate oils are provided by several additive companies

• 20 oils have been tested• 9 oils are ready to evaluate for viscosity grade and antifoam effects

• Current testing• VGRA (a wide range including low viscosity 0W-16)

• Test stand hardware, test cycle conditions and procedure to be finalized Q1 2014

• Precision matrix expected to start in Q1 2014• 8 tests ( 4 for good oil and 4 for bad oil) per engine

• Next steps• Evaluate GM’s dexos1 and dexos2 oils performance• Establish appropriate aeration targets

GM Aeration test status

dexos® Engine Test review….

• 1.4L engine• 24 GMTC tests completed at IAR• 5 GMTC Test stands• Flush and run new turbocharger start/stop evaluation• GMTC reference oils under evaluation• Current Testing

• Test duration reduction• Next Steps

• Finalize test cycle set points, durations and acceptance parameters• Test procedure expected to be available early Q1 2014• Precision matrix expected to start Q1 2014

GM Turbocharger Deposit test status

dexos® Engine Test review….

• 2.0 liter Direct Injected Turbo• Evaluated high and low SPI oils of one technology

• Observed directional differences between oils• Test conditions set and procedure completed• Test precision determination

• Two engines• Several additive technologies• April 2014 completion for testing

• Establish specification limit• June 2014

GM Stochastic Pre-Ignition test status

dexostm1 Owner’s Manual….2011 Chevrolet Cruze

dexostm1 Owner’s Manual….2014 Chevrolet Impala

Next Gen dexostm…….

• Targets -• Regulations – Fuel economy and emissions

• USA – 35.5 mpg by 2016 (250 g/mile CO2)*• USA – 54.5 mpg by 2025 (163 g/mile CO2)*• European – CO2 limits

• 2015 – 130 g/km• 2022 - 95 g/km

• New vehicles utilize a global platform• Evolving technology – Hybrids (HEV’s, PHEV’s), Fuel Cell,

Forced induction, Alternative Fuels• Driving technological innovation

• Increased fuel economy• Reduced emissions• Global use of EOLS

* Source: EPA.gov.

dexos™ Viscosity Grades

Factory fill: 0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30,, 0W-30

Service Fill: 0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30, 0W-30

Factory Fill: 5W-30, 0W-40

Service Fill: 5W-30, 0W-30, 5W-40, 0W-40

Licensing Program Goals for dexos™

• Ensure the right dexos gets into the vehicle• Emphasize proper viscosity/vehicle for the installer

and end-user• Improve process for approving dexos™ suppliers

and monitoring dexos™ quality• Maintain a long-term sustainable approach to

generate revenue for• Future test development• Future specification development• Current test maintenance and monitoring• Lubricant quality monitoring • End-user and installer education & awareness

dexos™ Information Center

Website• www.GMdexos.com

Information:• For manufacturers/licensees

• How to license

• For Service Provider• Licensed Manufacturers

• License brands

• For Vehicle Owner

• Other useful information• Engine oil articles

dexos™ Information Center

Customer Website

dexos™ Information Center

Licensee Website

dexos™ Licensing Status

Licensing Status

All Major Brands in North America are licensed; ExxonMobil

Mobil 1, etc.

BP Castrol

Castrol Edge, etc.

Chevron

Havoline

Ashland

Valvoline

Shell

Pennzoil

Quaker State

Helix

Final remarks

Next Generation dexos™ is expected to be completed in 2015

The dexos™ licensing program is self-sustaining and provides a means to

• fund on-going development

• conduct targeted oil quality monitoring (bulk & package)

• increase customer & installer awareness

The dexos™ licensing program – continuous improvement

Transmission Fluid Specifications

All GM 6 Speed transmissions,use DEXRON® VI transmission fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid may result in internal damage to the transmission.

Thank you

CQA