Mazid_CSISA Community Radio Presentation at RDA Bogra_1etd

8/7/2019 Mazid_CSISA Community Radio Presentation at RDA Bogra_1etd

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Cereal Systems Initiative for SouthCereal Systems Initiative for South

AsiaAsia

Dr. M. A. MazidHub Manager

CSISA Dinajpur Hub (#10)STI Campus, WRC, Nashipur, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Mob# +88 01711 80 4597, [email protected]

*Prepared for the workshop on Community Radio held at RDA, Bogra28 February 2011

Conservation Agriculture (CA) based Resource ConservingConservation Agriculture (CA) based Resource Conserving

Technology (RCT) andTechnology (RCT) and

Brief Activity Report , Lesson Learnt and Dissemination*Dissemination*


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Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia

Main Purpose:

Decrease hunger and malnutritionIncrease food and income security

Strategy:

Accelerated development andinclusive deployment of new

varieties, sustainable management

technologies, and policies.

Phase 1: 2009-2011

Phase 2: 2011-14

BMGF

USAIDWB, RWC

CGIAR:IRRI, CIMMYT,

IFPRI, ILRI

NARES

Private sectorNGOs

ARI

Universities

Societies (ASA)


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Geographic locations of Nine Hubs in 4 countriesOf South Asia (2009-11)

Bangladesh*:2

India :5

Nepal :1Pakistan :1

*New CSISA Expansion inBangladesh (2011-15)funding by USAID : Khulna,Jessore, Barisal andNoakhali


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CSISA ?

Hub ?

(Conservation Agriculture(CA) ?

(Resource Conserving Technology) ?

(dry DSR)/ line sowing Wheat / line sowingjute ?

Weed control options ?


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CSISA :

Cereal System Initiatives for South Asia (CSISA) (Rice,wheat,maize)

Hub ?Hub=Centre= Half=


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Gazipur Hub Domain Area with

8 districts

CE Bangladesh Hub Gazipur (#12)

Dhaka

Gazipur

Narayangonaj

Manikgonaj

Tangail

Norsinghdhi

Mymensingh

Jamalpur


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District-wise Primary Cropping System at GazipurHub


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DinajpurHub domins :

7 districts:

1. Thakurgaon

2. Dinajpur

3. Nilphamari,

4. Rangpur,

5. Kurigram,

6. Gaibandha & a setalitesite

7. Rajshahi

NW Bangladesh,Hub Dinajpur(#10)


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Principles of CA

Minimum disturbance of soil

Residue retension (30-40cm straw)

Profitable cropping patterns


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Resource and Resource ConservingTechnologies (RCT)

Land

Water

Nutrients

Labour etc

RCTs are: Water saving by Laser land leveler fb dry direct seeded rice (dry

DSR), AWD, bed planting, cultivars use e.g arobic rice, drought

resisitant variet/low water requirement crops like wheat/maize

Urea saving by LCC

NUE and labour saving by Guti urea (USG) placement applicator


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Profitable Potential cropping patterns in Dinajpur HubCrop intensification and diversification:

Wheat (Rabi/winter)-MB (Kharip-1/Pre

monsoon/pre wet) - Aman rice (Kharip-

II/monsoon/wet season)

Potato-Relay maize/Maize-Rice Wheat-Jute-Rice

Potato-Jute-Rice

Potato-boro? -Rice Maize-F/MB-Rice

Mustard mixed boro?-Rice

Tobacco-Relay maize/maize?-Rice


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SDV:BRRI dhan33 wheat

Mungbean

DSR (monsoon) Wheat-Mungbean cropping pattern,

Crop diversification

3 crop/per year:


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Crop diversification:

DSR BRRI dhan33/BINA7-

early Potato- relay Maize/Maize

Potato

Maize

BRRI dhan33


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System productivity improvement

Rice (dry DSR by PTOS)-Wheat (LS byPTOS)-

Jute (LS by ZT MCP) in Rangpur 2009-2010


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Boro+Mustard Mixed Cropping, Narayangonj, 2010-11


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Farmer practice for rice

Full tillage puddled soil (FP):

Late onset of the monsoon or low

rainfall can delay transplanting

as a minimum of 200-400 mm

cumulative rainfall (for the last 10

days?) is needed to complete

land preparation,

including puddling, and

transplanting.


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Huge labor required for Puddled TPR


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Full till by 4WT fb BC wheat seeds and then incorporation by 2WT (power tiller)

cost about Tk.2100/ac (USD 72.04/ha)

Farmers Practices forwheat:


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Full till 2-3 ploughing by 4WT operated rotavator fb HSR @ 75kg/ac increased

establishment cost

Moreover:

Increased moisture loss by evaporation due to soil exposure that

reduced poor germination of wheatRequired more seeds because of deep seeding of wheat that cannotgerminate and increased bird damage due to some seeds remained on thesurface

Very riskily if there is any accident during laddering

Non uniform plant population , high labor cost by manual weeding in zig-zac plant

population and


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3421

2983

2637

2274

1806

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Com

paction(kPa)

R 3 R 2 R 1 C ZTR

Ti l la ge options in Average of Six Lo


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Drivers of change in rice establishment method

Water

availability

High (reliable)

Low (uncertain)

Wage rate

Low

High

( Labour shortages at peak demand)

TPR

DSR / TPR

Wet DSR / TPR

Dry DSR

Opportunities for crop intensification

Mechanisation

Broadcast

Mechanical

transplanter

UP TPR

Lithao

Mazid et.al.,2006


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Crop harvesting by Divisional Commissioner, Rajshahi;

Additional Director, Deputy Director, DAE, Rajshahi along

with the researcher Dr. M. A. Mazid and colleagues, Raj.1999.


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Published on 4 January 2000


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CA based reduced till by 2WTOS (PTOS) and 2WTO BP (PTO bedplanter)


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Comparative Conventional VS CA based Single pass PTOS:

A. Conventional practice (FP): Three ploughing cost @Tk 700/ac= Tk 2100/ac (USD 72,04/ha)

Seed rates @75kg/ac =Tk. 2625/ac (USD 90.05/ha)

Total Cost of establishment =Tk.4725/ac (USD 162.09/ha)

B.Reduced till by 2WTOS(PTOS):

One/single pass cost@Tk900/ac=Tk.900 (USD 30.88/ha)

Seed rates @50kg/ac =Tk.1750/ac (USD60.03/ha) Total cost of establishment =Tk.2650/ac (USD90.91/ha)

C.Benefit:Tk.4725- Tk.1750=Tk2075/ac (USD71.18 /ha)

On the 1st day of seeding wheat (Thakurgaon/Dinajpur 2011)
mailto:cost@Tk900/ac%3DTk.900mailto:cost@Tk900/ac%3DTk.900


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Conservation Agriculture (CA)Conservation Agriculture (CA)based machineries

Main principle of CA is Minimum disturbance of soil is done

by Resource Conserving (RC) andcost saving machines-

i. Zero till MCP by 4WT

ii. Strip till by 2WTOS (PTOS)iii. Reduced till by 2WTOS (PTOS)iv. Bed planter by 2WTO BP (PTO BP)

, ,


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2WTOS (PTOS) can sow seeds just by one pass(i.e reduced till using single pass ploughing,

sowing in 6 lines and levelling/laddering by roller)

( )

It plough, seeds sown in 6 lines and

laddering by roller i.e 3 in 1pass ,

Dongfeng and Sifeng type PTavailable in Bangladesh

2WTOS (PTOS) and Technical sites


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Video clip on PTOS

2WTOS (PTOS) originaly designed for line sowing wheat but now being developed forrice and others crop during since 1977/1999 (source: CIMMYT-WRC, Nashipur, Dinajpur)


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Bed plabter

2WTO Bed planter (PTO bed planter) ( )

MOV04010.AVI


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Glyphosate (Panida - non selective herbicide) application on green

vegetation

CA based pre-tillage weed control


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Less or no weeds found in Glyphosate (Non selective

herbicide) applied plot


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Fig3: Varietal performance in CA based dry DSR by 2WTOS (PTOS) in 6 farmers plot at Moktarpara, Rangpur,CSISA Dinajpur Hub, Aman 2010

Effect of different tillage method on the yield and economic


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PTOS has promising prospects regarding reduction of production cost and to

minimize tillage period of land.

Effect of different tillage method on the yield and economic

performance of Wheat under Wheat-Jute- T. Aman cropping

pattern, Gazipur Hub domain

Tillage system Days to

maturity

Plant height

(cm)

Spike/ m2 (no.) Grains/

spike (no.)

1000-grain wt. (g) Grain yield (t ha-1)

PTOS 109 95.8 355 30 41.8 3.71

Conventional 109 96.1 346 29 41.5 3.50

LSD (0.05) 0.00 2.30 19.57 1.10 1.01 0.24

CV (%) 0.0 2.7 6.4 4.3 2.8 7.5

. -(t/h )


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. (t/ha)(Mridha et.al., 2009 BRRI Rangpur,Aman2009)

Tillage Herbicide source MeanPre emergence Post emergence

Panida(Pandimithaline)

Topster(Oxadiarrzil)

Serious(Pyrozosulphuron)

Sunrise(Ethoxisulphuran)

ReducedT (PTOS)

6.41 5.97 6.41 6.01 6.20

Strip 5.85 5.73 6.24 5.99 5.92

Zero 6.13 5.92 6.31 6.0 5.75Conventional

6.37 6.41 6.73 6.23 6.43

LSD(%) : 0.2597


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ble: Herbicide wise weeding cost (Tk/h

HerbicideWeeding Totalcost(Tk/ha)

Name Amount/ha Price (Tk/ha) Labor/ha Tk/ha

Panida 2 liter 1500 58 8120 9620

Topstar 180 ml 592 50 7000 7592

Serious 185 gm 518 31 4340 4858

Sunrise 100gm 700 35 4900 5600

Source: Mridha et. al 2009, BRRI Rangpur, Aman2009)


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Major findings on Chemical weed Control

The post emergence herbicide (Serious & Sunrise)controlled the weeds effective than pre emergenceherbicide (Panida & Topster) in CA based DSR

Within herbicide groups, Serious found better inpost emergence andTopster (Oxadiarzil) was better in pre emergence

to control of weeds


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Major findings on Chemical weed Control

The highest number of weed species & dry meter wasfound in pre-emergence herbicide than post emergence

Within herbicide the lowest number of labor use andreduced cost was found in Serious (Pirazosulphuroan)followed by Sunrise (Ethoxisulphuran), Topster (OXadiarzil)and Panida (Pendimithaline)

Seeding of Wheat by PTOMS under Wheat-Jute/Rice systems Gazipur Hub


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Seeding of Wheat by PTOMS under Wheat Jute/Rice systems, Gazipur Hubdomains

Districts FP (BC)

With PTOS Without PTOS

Tangail 3.46 2.78

Narshinghdi 3.56 3.12

Kishorganj 2.86 2.40

*No of farmers 75


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MOV04010.AVI

Bed planting of Wheat to reduce the


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Bed planting of Wheat to reduce thecost of production


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On farm CA based wheat on bed by 2WTO (PTO) Bed Planter, in R-W-MB 2009-2010

USAID, CSISA Dinajpur Hub interns, CIMMYT-CSISA social scientist with farmers interaction

and commitment to move foreword


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Cost and return of wheat in different establishment methods inDinajpur Hub domains, Rabi 2009-10

Method No. of

Farmer

Yield Income ProductionCost Net Profit

BC 30 3.15 54173 29519 24653

PTOS 112 3.145 55585 24248 31335

Bed 13 3.471 60556 30156 30400


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LS wheat by 2WTOS (PTOS) at Dhontola farmer

federation, Baliadangi, Dinajpur Hub 2010-11


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CA based reduce till wheat (Ug99 resistant BARI gom26

CSISA-WRC-USAID famine program, Baliadangi,

Thakurgaon 2011 Dinajpur Hub


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Severe hail storms on 16 Februarythat damaged by about 33% crops

Including wheat, Dontola Federation

Balia dangi, Thankurgaon 2011


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Line sowing Jute


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LS jute 1st time in

CSISA Dinajpur

Hub by mini 4WT

(Amar) usingNational Agro

Indus ZT MCP


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Line sown Jute (seed purpose)

by 6 tines 4WT, Kharif II 2010

with partners BADC JSF & BJRI


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Table 2: Effect of seed rate on plant density and seed rate for line sowing of jute

b 4WTO ZT MCP l BC th d Di j H b Kh if II 2010


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by 4WTO ZT MCP over manual BC method, Dinajpur Hub, Kharif-II 2010

Method Seed rate(kg/ac)

Ini population(Ave No/m2)

Final population after 1st

weeding/thinning

(Ave No/m2)

Tinning(%)

EstimatedSeed reqbased on

popu+25%(kg/ac)

Potentialave seedsaved in

line sowing(kg/ac)

Broadcast 2.5 94.0 39.7 57.70 1.30 1.356

Linesowing by

4WT ZTMCP

2.0 89.6 40.3 54.23 1.17

Farmers participatory adaptive trials on Jute seed rate


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Seed rate of jute may be reduced from recommended dose in line sowing techniques by

using PTOS in this hub domain as well as the jute growing area of the country

y

Districts Varieties Treatments Fiber yield(t ha-1)

Kishorganj O-9897 T1 (3.5 kg ha-1) 2.6

T2 (4.5 kg ha-1) 2.6

T3 (5.5 kg ha-1

) 2.7

T4 (7.0 kg ha-1) 2.4

CV (%) 5.50 %


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Table 4: Effect of labor requirement for weeding and thinning for

line sowing of jute over BC, Dinajpur Hub, Kharif-II 2010

LocationMethod Seed rate

(kg/acre)Sample Area(Decimal)

Labour(no)

Timerequireforweeding(hrs)

Labor forweeding(no/acre)

Requiredlabor/acre

Laborsaving(no/acre)

Laborsaving(no/ha)

BADC-JFSPF,Dinajpur

Line sowing

2.0 1 1 2.62 33 33 14

35

Broad Cast 2.5 1 1 3.78 47 47

CA T h l i d th i C t


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CA Technologies and their Components

Adaptive Research

Laser land leveling

ZT

Raised bedsDSR

Relay seeding

Unpuddled Ricetransplant

SSNM

Components of CA Cultivar choices

Seed rate

Planting time

Crop enhancement Residue management

Weed management

Water management

Nutrient Management

Planting machinery


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Laser land leveller

Its a supestacated modern machine thatRUN BY automatically

It has deviced for4WT but recent

development for2WTOS

It could be leveled land between 30 dec

to one hectare smoothly

Major parts of laser land


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Major parts of laser landleveler

Disadvantages of undulating land


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Disadvantages of undulating land

o Poor irrigation water in undulating land

o Irrigation time requred more,

o Reduced water loss/mis use of water,

o Increased irrigation cost

o Poor growth of wheat and maize if excess water due to undulation

o Irregular plant ripening /maturity

o Yield also not uniform for all places

Cost of Laser Leveled plos


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p

Cost of Laser Leveled plos Tk 4000-5589/ac (USD 137.22- 191.73/ha) and

Water saved about 25-30% and Upto 50%in Maize (Fulbari, Dinajpur)

GROWTH OF LASER LEVELING IN PUNJAB, India


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8150

550

1000

2000

4100

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

NumberofLaserLevellers

Years

With Due Acknowledgement to CIMMYT


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0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

50250

1000

1950

5000

India


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Rice Residue Management

Knowledge Source:

Conservation Agriculture(CA) & Resource

Input Providers( bli S )


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Local Service Provider

ICM Club, FW, FGL, PumpManager

Mapping of partnership

CSISA HubTeam

TWG : Priorities on

Geographic differentTechnologies/Machine/CA

/RCTs based cropestablishment

methods/croppingpatterns

NARS, Universities, BBS,DAE, Media, Websites (BRKB,CKB, MoA, SRDI, FAO), CGIAR

Institutions (IRRI,CIMMYT)

(CA) & ResourceConserving Technologies(RCTs)

(Public Sector):BARI, BRRI, BJRI,BSRI, BINA,BADC, WRC

Private CompanyModel FarmersMachinery

ManufacturesLocal MechanicsSeed ProducersSeed DealerFertilizer DealerIrrigation (STW/DTWowner)Pesticide Dealer

CSISA Efforts:

Critical inputs(Machinery)supply/ensure

Technical support Knowledge Training materialsdevelopment &supplyToT/Training/Refreshertraining, hands on trainingTravelling Seminar on spotsolutionsField visitField demonstrationMonitoring, Evaluation &FeedbackContact: Phone / Mobile / E-mailLiaison/LinkageMeeting

Partners

GO-NGO-FG

Extension Model:

DAE-ICMFarmers clubCIRADFFS/FG

FarmersCSISA SeedProducer

Marketing

Public Private

PartnershipHub Operation Model Used


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Way Forward

Leveraging New Media to Maximize our message andreach

Strategic tie-ups with public & private partners for creation

of Publicity Materials and

Effective mass communication e.g Community radio,SMS etc


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Priority Technologies for Hubs domain

Reduce till (RT) dry direct seeded rice (dry DSR) by 2WTOS (PTOS)

Reduce till line sowing wheat by 2WTOS(PTOS) Plus Residuemanagement

Wheat on bed by 2WTO bed planter

Combined new variety with RT systems

Line sowing Jute by RT (2WTOS ) and mini 4WT ZT MCP

Mustard mixed boro etc

Challenges:


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Spare parts for 2WTOS (PTOS) & bed planters at village level , identify mechanicalworkshop and skill training

Soil quality with low pH- Identification of areas by testing soil pH and ensureliming

Boron fertilization to ensure good yield of wheat, maize and mungbean

Identify good herbicide molecules for Jute and MB

Stubbles use cannot possible in most cases due to use of Cattle feed, fuel and fulluprotting of straw for tobacco cultivation

Wheat area declined and replaced by Tobacco So need govt policy for good priceof wheat before season starts

Introduction maize /wheat with motivatio and intercrop with tobacco.

Tobacco replaced by reduce till maize and wheat,Nilphamari,RIB-CSISA, Dinajpur Hub 2011


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p , , jp


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Potential maize intercrop with tobacco

in hub domains of NW Bangladesh


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Acknowledgement


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CSISA-CIMMYT-IRRI- BMGF, USAID for funding and continuous supportand

also CSISA partners like:

BRRI RS Rangpur & Rajshahi

BARI-WRC & RWRC Rajshahi

DAE (ICM farmers club / IPM farmers club)

NGOs like RIB, IC and PNGOs like SOLIDARITY, UDDYOG, BRIF, PlanInternational and BOHUBRIHY

Hubs staff

Acknowledgement


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Thank You

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