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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Manage ment Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030
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Page 1: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

Human Resource Employment Systems

HR Management

MBAO 6030

Page 2: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

Human Resource Employment Systems

Human Resource Employment Systems control: HR inflows HR internal flows HR outflows

In terms of the quantity, quality and speed of deploying Human Resources where they are needed.

Page 3: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

Human Resource Employment Systems

In and Out System

Entry Level

Page 4: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

Human Resource Employment Systems

Up and Out System

Entry Level

Page 5: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

Human Resource Employment Systems

Lifelong System

Entry Level

Page 6: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Work Configuration Choices: Job or Work? Full-time Job Contingent Job – part-time, temp, or intern Work – independent contractor or outsource

service

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Employment-At-Will Legal principle that assumes either party in

employment relationship enters it voluntarily and can terminate it or any reason or no reason U.S. courts accept with some exceptions Outside U.S. it is not widely accepted

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Employment-At-Will Exceptions (based on case law)1. Implied Contract

Example: promise of job security in job interview or explicit guarantee of “just cause” standard of evidence for termination in employee handbook.

2. “Good faith and fair dealing”Employer cannot act in bad faith or malice when discharging employee

3. Public policy exceptionEmployees enjoy statutory rights that cannot be denied, such as filing workers’ compensation claims, jury duty, or whistleblower disclosures (some state laws).

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Legal Restrictions on Employee Activity in Labor Market

Non-compete Non-disclosure Non-solicitation

Page 10: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Social capital Firm Specific Knowledge

Seniority Privileges Re-location costs

Transaction costs to Changing Jobs: Why employees need a Minimum Wage Premium to change jobs

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Critical Thinking Questions:1. Lifelong employment systems have many benefits. Yet

why are many U.S. firms that have previously adopted these policies, now deciding to abandon them or greatly restrict their scope to employees? (Ex. IBM, HP, AT&T, etc).

2. What type of employees are most vulnerable to an employer’s use of Employment-At-Will in the market? Which employees are least vulnerable? What remedy do these differences suggest?

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

What is an “Efficient” Employment Relationship?

Lack of barriers to the re-deployment of labor – implying a flexible labor force

Incentives for the firm to invest in human capital Employees willing to make tradeoffs between

their own self-interest and for the common good of the firm – random acts of “merit”

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Benefits Amortize recruiting costs Amortize training costs Accurate assessment of

employee abilities/perf. Accurate view of employee

fit & motivation Employee loyalty is cultivated Flexible employee responses

to change Maintains strong cultures

Costs Less flexible for cutting

labor costs Greater difficulty in

getting rid of poor fit or poor performing employees

Takes more effort to learn from the external market

Costs and Benefits of Long-term Employment

Page 14: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems

Critical Thinking Questions

1. Under what kinds of circumstances may an employer find it rational to exploit its employees? Can you give an example of this?

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: Justice

Being treated fairly is important to all employees and is a way to evaluate the quality of the implementation of effective HR policies.

Distributive Justice – fairness of the outcomes that are experienced by employees (pay, resources, etc.)

Basis of distributive Justice:

1. Equity – outcomes in proportion to the inputs

2. Equality – everybody receives equal outcomes

3. Need - outcomes in proportion to need

Page 16: MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management Human Resource Employment Systems HR Management MBAO 6030.

MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: Justice

Procedural Justice – fair procedures can influence the perception of fair outcomes. Unattractive outcomes will be more readily accepted when they are reached by applying procedural justice. This is a critical element of all HR policies. Examples:

Valid criteria used to evaluate performance Give prior notification for change of a policy Avoid conflicts of interest (e.g., nepotism) Competent decision makers or judges Employee input is sought out and utilized Opportunity to appeal unfavorable decisions

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: Justice

Critical Thinking Question:

1. What aspects of fair procedures would you be concerned about when applying discipline to an employee?

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: Employee Voice

Possible employee reactions to a dissatisfying outcome are:

1. Exit

2. Voice

3. Loyalty If the outcome is unfair, loyalty is not likely, and voice

allows you to retain a good employee. Individual voice vs. Collective voice:

Employees are more likely to to voice their opinions when they feel secure as being a member of an organization that protects the rights of employees such as a union.

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: Employee Voice

Why Do Employees Join Unions? Formal means to have voice in firm governance To improve their economic welfare Employee advocate for justice and fairness

What do Employees give up when they join a union? Individuality – “free agent” or market solution Union dues Requirement to share the burden of collective disputes,

such as strikes and picket activity

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: Union Impacts

Union Impact on Management Higher wages and benefits for union employees Seniority used to determine work assignments,

promotions, transfers, shifts, layoffs, rewards) More formalized work rules in labor contract Lower employee turnover rates Formal grievance procedure ending in arbitration Increased propensity for strikes Loss of management power Mixed impact on productivity and profits

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: Union Impacts

Critical Thinking Question

1. How does the union act as a stimulus to improve employee productivity? Explain how this can be possible, despite the fact that unions use their bargaining power to pressure the employer to improve the economic benefits to the employees.

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: High Commitment HR

High Commitment Human Resource Management System characteristics:

Employees work for best interests of the organization based on understanding those interests

Employees are flexible in how they are deployed Employees are fully engaged – both physically

and mentally and their ideas and opinions are solicited and used.

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MBAO 6030 Human Resource Management

HR Employment Systems: High Commitment HR

Means to Achieve High Commitment HR System Emphasis on teamwork Information sharing and open communication Egalitarian approach with few status distinctions Employees share rewards in firm’s financial success Significant employee contributions are recognized and

celebrated Extensive screening of prospective employees Employment security is provided to employees Broadly defined job roles


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