Means feather footedMeans feather footed

Seals, Sea Lions and Seals, Sea Lions and WalrusWalrus

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Marine MammalsMarine Mammals

CetaceansCetaceansToothed WhalesToothed WhalesBaleen WhalesBaleen WhalesDolphinsDolphinsPorpoisesPorpoisesEndangeredEndangered

SireniaSireniaManateeManateeDugong Dugong Steller’s Sea CowSteller’s Sea Cow

PinnipedsPinnipeds

True SealsTrue Seals

Fur SealsFur Seals

Sea LionsSea Lions

WalrusWalrus

MustelidaeMustelidae

Sea OttersSea Otters

River OttersRiver Otters

Exxon Valdez Oil SpillExxon Valdez Oil Spill

Polar BearsPolar Bears

IntroductionIntroduction

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General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics

They are carnivoresThey are carnivores

They feed in the waterThey feed in the water

They rest and they give birth on land.They rest and they give birth on land.

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DifferencesDifferencesSEALSSEALS SEA LIONSSEA LIONS WALRUS WALRUS

Found worldwide Pacific OceanFound worldwide Pacific Ocean Arctic OceanArctic Ocean

No eternal ears eternal ears external earsNo eternal ears eternal ears external ears

Crawl on land walk quadripedally walk quadripedallyCrawl on land walk quadripedally walk quadripedally

Examples in our area;Examples in our area;

Harbor sealHarbor seal nonenone Ancient fossils Ancient fossils

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True Seals

Walrus

Callorhinus ursinus

(northern fur seal)

Odobenus rosmarus

(walrus)

Sea Lions

and

Fur Seals

Phoca vitulina

(harbor seal)

The Pinnipeds

True SealsTrue Seals

No External Ear No External Ear FlapsFlaps

(Earless)(Earless)

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True SealsTrue SealsTrue seals have no True seals have no external ears like those external ears like those found on eared seals.  found on eared seals. 

Instead, only a small Instead, only a small ear opening behind the ear opening behind the eyes is visibleeyes is visible..

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How they swimHow they swim

    The furred hind flippers of true seals are shorter The furred hind flippers of true seals are shorter than those of the fur seals and sea lions, and than those of the fur seals and sea lions, and extend behind their body to  provide propulsion extend behind their body to  provide propulsion when swimming.when swimming.  

The Crabeater SealThe Crabeater Seal

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Color VariationColor Variation

The pups of most species have fluffy coats of a The pups of most species have fluffy coats of a light color.light color.

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Elephant SealElephant Seal

The short, furry front flippers act mainly as rudders when the seals The short, furry front flippers act mainly as rudders when the seals are swimming and help with movement on land or ice. are swimming and help with movement on land or ice. 

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Leopard sealLeopard seal

True seals have hair but rely on a heavy layer of blubber to keep True seals have hair but rely on a heavy layer of blubber to keep them warm. them warm. 

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Leopard SealLeopard Seal

Antarctic seals Antarctic seals include the voracious include the voracious leopard seal, which leopard seal, which feeds on penguins feeds on penguins and other sea birds. and other sea birds.

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Ringed SealRinged Seal

Most common of seals Most common of seals Found in Arctic seasFound in Arctic seasFew live in the Baltic SeaFew live in the Baltic SeaSmallest species of sealSmallest species of sealSkin is light to dark grey with dark spots ringed Skin is light to dark grey with dark spots ringed with white. with white.

Fur SealsFur Seals

Ear FlapsEar Flaps

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Fur SealsFur Seals

Most sought after seal because of its soft coatMost sought after seal because of its soft coatUS annual catch of fur seals amounts to over $3.5 US annual catch of fur seals amounts to over $3.5 millionmillion

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ReproductionReproductionCows arrive at Cows arrive at rookeries in July, rookeries in July, immediately join a immediately join a harem and bear their harem and bear their young.young.Cows mate again 1 - 2 Cows mate again 1 - 2 weeks after the birth weeks after the birth of the pupof the pup

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Fur SealsFur Seals 1911 North Pacific Fur Convention 1911 North Pacific Fur Convention

Japan, Russia, Canada, and the Japan, Russia, Canada, and the US set a limit to the number of US set a limit to the number of seals that can be harvested each seals that can be harvested each year.year.

HazardsHazardsThousands are killed annually at Thousands are killed annually at

their breeding grounds for fur.their breeding grounds for fur.SharksSharksKiller whalesKiller whalesParasitic round wormsParasitic round worms

Only Russia and the US can harvest Only Russia and the US can harvest 30,000 a year.30,000 a year.

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Fur SealsFur SealsRussia and the US give 15%Russia and the US give 15%

of their harvest to Japan of their harvest to Japan

and 15% to Canadaand 15% to Canada

US sealing is conducted byUS sealing is conducted by

the government.the government.

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Fur SealsFur Seals

The money is deposited in the US TreasuryThe money is deposited in the US Treasury70% of money is returned to the Alaskan gov’t.70% of money is returned to the Alaskan gov’t.30% goes to the National Marine Fisheries Service30% goes to the National Marine Fisheries Service

Sea LionsSea Lions

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Sea LionSea Lion

Sea Lions are mammals, or Sea Lions are mammals, or warm blooded animals warm blooded animals which give birth, nurse which give birth, nurse their offspring, and must their offspring, and must breathe air. breathe air.

Sea Lions are also Sea Lions are also pinnipeds (feather-footed ) pinnipeds (feather-footed ) meaning they have finlike meaning they have finlike members for propulsion. members for propulsion. They can walk on their four They can walk on their four web like flippers. web like flippers.

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Sea LionSea Lion

Roars Like a LionRoars Like a Lion This marine mammal makes a roaring noise (hence its name), barks, and This marine mammal makes a roaring noise (hence its name), barks, and honkshonks

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Sea LionSea LionHabitatsHabitats

Sea lion are highly Sea lion are highly gregarious on land gregarious on land and use the same sites and use the same sites for breeding, and for breeding, and resting year after resting year after year. year.

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Sea LionSea LionRange:Range:

North Pacific North Pacific coastal waters, coastal waters, Alaska to Russia Alaska to Russia In the breeding In the breeding season, the males season, the males form territories on form territories on rocky, semi-rocky, semi-exposed areas and exposed areas and beaches. beaches.

California Sea Lions DistributionCalifornia Sea Lions Distribution

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Sea LionSea LionPopulationPopulationIn 1961 About 270,000 In 1961 About 270,000 In 1999 About 110,000 In 1999 About 110,000

They are of no commercial They are of no commercial value.value.

Steller sea lions have suffered a Steller sea lions have suffered a mysterious population decline mysterious population decline of about two-thirds since the of about two-thirds since the 1960s.1960s.Possible culprits: pollution, Possible culprits: pollution, disease, and competition from disease, and competition from commercial fishing.commercial fishing.

WalrusWalrus

Tooth WalkerTooth Walker

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Tooth WalkerTooth Walker

Odobenus comes from the Greek "tooth walker," and Odobenus comes from the Greek "tooth walker," and refers to the walruses' method of pulling themselves up refers to the walruses' method of pulling themselves up onto the ice with their long tusks. onto the ice with their long tusks.

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WalrusWalrus

The walrus lives in the Arctic. Despite this distant range, The walrus lives in the Arctic. Despite this distant range, its long tusks, deeply wrinkled skin, and bristly its long tusks, deeply wrinkled skin, and bristly mustache make the walrus familiar to all. mustache make the walrus familiar to all.

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Walrus descriptionWalrus descriptionFlat flippers, instead of feet enable the Flat flippers, instead of feet enable the

walrus to swim. The forelimbs serve walrus to swim. The forelimbs serve as rudders.as rudders.

Out of the water the walrus can walk Out of the water the walrus can walk

almost upright on all fours by turning almost upright on all fours by turning its back flippers forward. its back flippers forward.

When ice spreads and thickens into When ice spreads and thickens into pack ice in the winter, walruses pack ice in the winter, walruses usually head south. usually head south.

Walruses' blubber (fat) may be as much Walruses' blubber (fat) may be as much as 6 inches thick. as 6 inches thick.

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Tooth WalkerTooth Walker

Global DistributionGlobal Distribution

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Tooth WalkerTooth Walker

Pacific Walrus DistributionPacific Walrus Distribution

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    WALRUS & WALRUS & MAN MAN

Eskimos have hunted the walrus Eskimos have hunted the walrus for hundreds of years. for hundreds of years.

Traditionally they hunted using Traditionally they hunted using strong fishing lines. strong fishing lines.

Now they use high powered rifles. Now they use high powered rifles. They can kill many more They can kill many more walruses. walruses.

In the last 300 years commercial In the last 300 years commercial hunters caught so many hunters caught so many walruses that the species has walruses that the species has become almost extinct.become almost extinct.

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Walrus StatusWalrus Status

There are now about 250,000 walruses in the Bering sea, There are now about 250,000 walruses in the Bering sea, but extinction is still a possibility because of their slow but extinction is still a possibility because of their slow breeding rate and the fragile environment that they breeding rate and the fragile environment that they live in. Even though commercial hunting is no longer live in. Even though commercial hunting is no longer allowed, the walrus is still endangered.allowed, the walrus is still endangered.

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THE ENDTHE END