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Measuring ecosystems and biodiversity and related goods
and servicesa proposal in progress
EASD Statistics Canada
February 23, 2011
23-04-10Statistics Canada • Statistique Canada2
Outline
Context for the proposal• The need• Who is doing what?• What’s an ecosystem account?• The opportunity
Components of proposal• Spatial (place)biophysical (quality)monetary (value)
Timeline & next steps
23-04-10Statistics Canada • Statistique Canada3
Context for the proposal
The need• Ecosystems:
Support life & well-being Ecosystems are deteriorating (
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment—2005)(PDF)
• Need better data and methodologies to include ecosystem values into economic analysis of policy decisions
23-04-10Statistics Canada • Statistique Canada4
Context for the proposal
Who is doing what?• Environment Canada:
Ecosystem Status and Trends Report (ESTR)(PDF)
CESI and FSDS include biodiversity and ecosystem quality indicators
Ecosystem services valuation work– Databases of valuation studies (www.evri.ca)– Importance of nature to Canadians study– Recent valuations of Nahanni National Park Extension(PDF)
(Edéhzhíe Candidate Protected Area)– EG&S values for boundaries of protected areas Ramparts
DM Committee on Climate Change, Energy and Environment– Research paper on biodiversity(PDF)
– Impacts of and resilience to climate change
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Context for the proposal
Who is doing what?• Other federal departments
NRCan– Canada Forest Service, Ecosystem Impact
– Long-term sustainability of resources
– National Atlas, Centre for Remote Sensing (Land use)
– Impacts of climate change
DFO: Marine ecosystems, fish habitat, Species at Risk, regulatory cost-benefit, Marine Protected Areas(map)
AAFC: Agri-environmental indicators, regulatory and program cost-benefit, integrated environmental-economic modelling
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Context for the proposal
Who is doing what?• Internationally
TEEB: The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity(PDF)
– UNEP-led intersecretariat effort to include ecosystem values in economic decisions
– Suggest ecosystem and ecosystem service classification
UN-SEEA/London Group– SEEA 2003 defines land and ecosystem accounts(PDF) in terms
of land-use and land cover matrices
– Suggest “quality” measures for land cover units
– Collaborate on work by European Environmental Agency to standardize ecosystem services (CICES)(PDF)
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Context for the proposal
Who is doing what?• Internationally
World Bank using TEEB methodology and framework as a basis for Global Partnership for Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services Valuation and Wealth Accounting(PDF)
– Still no statistical approach to ecosystem services valuation (using TEEB)
– STC working on Natural Capital chapter to UN-ECE Task Force on Sustainable Development (TFSD) which is reviewing the state of the science and will recommend classifications and approaches
IPBES(PDF) = Intergovernmental Science-policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (www.ipbes.net)
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Context for the proposal
Who is doing what?• Internationally
Australia moving ahead with regional ecosystem accounts(PDF) based on measures of ecosystem health in terms of deviation from reference conditions
Norway has already completed a Biodiversity Index(PDF) also based on distance from reference condition
UK also produces several ecosystem-based indicators(PDF) (such as fragmentation)
EuroStat includes chapter on biodiversity and land use in report on Environmental Statistics and Accounts for Europe(PDF)
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Context for the proposal
What is an ecosystem account?1. Spatially-referenced cover data
Various times in past and as close to present as possible As detailed as possible Include terrestrial, freshwater, coasts, wetlands and marine
ecosystems Classified according to standards for ecosystems
2. Linked to measures of ecosystem goods and services (quality) Such as air quality, water quality, species diversity,
ecosystem productivity, land cover Classified according to ecosystem services
3. Methodology and standards for assigning monetary values to areas of various qualities
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Context for the proposal
Opportunity: Build on what Statistics Canada has now
Good spatial infrastructure including land cover and socio-economic data (e.g., settlements, population by ecozone and drainage area)
Experience in working with biophysical data (air quality, water quality, water supply, GHGs, industrial processes, ...)
Expertise in valuation of natural resource stocks, other environmental accounts (material flows, water, land); coherent with SEEA and linked to SNA
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Components of the proposal
Propose to leverage our strengths by• Improving existing spatial infrastructure
More detailed spatial data (including remote sensing) Linking land cover with EG&S
• Working with stakeholders to standardize and integrate biophysical data into environmental accounts Developing quality measures linked to ecosystem goods
and services Integrate existing data into spatial framework for “place-
based” analysis Collaborate with partners on new biophysical data
collection and dissemination Developing EG&S and human activities relationship
(discuss)• Work with stakeholders and international community to
expand methodology for valuation to EG&S
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Timeline and next steps
Timeline• Dec. 22, 2010 – teleconference with EC• Jan. 21, 2011 – distribution of draft short proposal• Mid-Feb. 2011 – development of more detailed proposal with
activities, pilot studies and deliverables in consultation with stakeholders
• March 17 – final short proposal to PRDG• March 31 – full costed proposal to PRDG• April 27, 2011 – decision on funding from PRDG• ?? April 28, 2011 – commencement of project
Next steps• Discuss specific deliverables with stakeholders• Define possible joint projects
Last slide...
Questions? Ideas?
• Links to your subject matter• Pilot studies• Specific activities
Contributions Departmental contacts Reference Materials
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Marine Protected Areas (MPA);
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Edéhzhíe NPV of benefits for status quo vs. alternative scenario for a 30-year PeriodArea
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Northwest Territories
Legend
Proposed Boundary
Full protected area boundary
Waterbodies
Northwest Territories Boundary
Full and Proposed Edehzhie
Protected Area Boundary
Benefit/Cost (in million $)
SQ (Development) Alternative (Protection)
8% 3.50% 0% 8% 3.50% 0%
Net Benefits of Mining $67 $134 $241
Tourism $15 $27 $48
Existence $555 $579 $600 $556 $581 $601
Waterfowl $184 $301 $491 $184 $301 $491
Caribou $29 $47 $76 $29 $47 $76
Carbon $48,041 $50,124 $51,874 $48,160 $50,254 $52,013 Cost - O&M $0.70 $0.80 $0.91
NPV of Benefits $48,876 $51,186 $53,282 $48,943 $51,208 $53,228
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Total economic value (TEV)
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Carbon-budget model was used to estimate the carbon stock and net carbon flux in the Edéhzhíe Candidate Protected Area back
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0 25 50 75 10012.5Kilometers
Legend
Kg C / m2
Aboveground biomass carbon stock in 2006 (Final)
Non-forest
Water bodies
0 - 0.8
0.8 - 1.2
1.2 - 2.0
> 2.0
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Land Cover classification; EASD’s vs. proposed SEEA classes
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back
CICES Ecosystem Main service types PROVISIONING SERVICES 1 Food (e.g. fish, game, fruit) 2 Water (e.g. for drinking, irrigation, cooling) 3 Raw Materials (e.g. fibre, timber, fuel wood, fodder, fertilizer) 4 Genetic resources (e.g. for crop-improvement and medicinal purposes) 5 Medicinal resources (e.g. biochemical products, models & test-organisms) 6 Ornamental resources (e.g. artisan work, decorative plants, pet animals, fashion) REGULATING SERVICES 7 Air quality regulation (e.g. capturing (fine) dust, chemicals, etc) 8 Climate regulation (incl. C-sequestration, influence of veg. on rainfall, etc.) 9 Moderation of extreme events (e.g. storm protection and flood prevention) 10 Regulation of water flows (e.g. natural drainage, irrigation and drought prevention) 11 Waste treatment (esp. water purification) 12 Erosion prevention 13 Maintenance of soil fertility (incl. soil formation) 14 Pollination 15 Biological control (e.g. seed dispersal, pest and disease control) HABITAT SERVICES 16 Maintenance of life cycles of migratory species (incl. nursery service) 17 Maintenance of genetic diversity (esp. gene pool protection) CULTURAL SERVICES 18 Aesthetic information 19 Opportunities for recreation & tourism 20 Inspiration for culture, art and design 21 Spiritual experience 22 Information for cognitive development
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