Date post: | 22-May-2015 |
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Measuring and Maximizing
Learner Engagement
Bernie Dodge, PhDSan Diego State University
:
http://webquest.org/workshops/engagement8
As children, we are engaged by everything. As children get older, engagement isn’t automatic.
Engagement is like a valve. It controls how much of the information we show students actually gets into their minds.
Engagement is like a valve. It controls how much of the information we show students actually gets into their minds.
If the valve is closed, not much information comes through for students to process further.
The ISTE conference held last June is one of the largest conferences in the world about the use of technology in schools.
Searching the program you could see that over 119 sessions mentioned “Engagement’.
But what does “engagement” really mean?
Whenever I have a question like that, I consult my friends online using Twitter.
My Questions to the Twitterverse:
What is engagement? What does it look like?
What looks like engagement but really isn’t?
What does engagement mean to YOU?
What IS Engagement?
unklar @berniedodge I think "engagement" sometimes has to be taking notes, listening to the teacher, doing homework alone; oh, yeah, and STUDYING!
What IS Engagement?
mmuir @berniedodge Eye contact w Head nodding w a smile while the teacher presents looks like engagement but often isn't...
mmuir @berniedodge Kids asking their own questions and finding answers and being excited and teaching others about it is engagement
What IS Engagement?
thecleversheep @berniedodge Engagement: utterly tuned in, focused and undistractable; and they don't realize they're learning.
Informal Study
N = 265
Describe a learning experience you had that was boring
And one that was fun
The subject was the Civil War and we were discussing the tools, weapons, and clothing used during that era. We worked in small teams and moved from one artifact table to another.
We had to figure out what the artifact was, what it was used for, and why it was invented.
We then presented our findings to the class.
In my junior American Literature class, we were expected to write a narrative based upon a selected piece of famous art.
We were to study every aspect of the painting and then create a story around it. We were allowed to pick the painting we wanted from a selection and we were allowed to work with a partner.
This is gross, but we were learning what causes finger/toenails to become discolored or misshaped.
We looked at slides, read out loud, took notes and then took our shoes off and identified the things we had learned on each other.
We constructed hurricane proof houses that we tested using a fan and then a leaf blower. you were given little materials, expected to come up with your own design structure and to explain your selections to a group.
Expectations
ListenWatch
Interact with Other LearnersInteract with Instructor
Interact with an ArtifactSit still
Move aroundPerform or Present
RememberThink Creatively
Think Critically
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
FunBoring
Second Study
http://edweb2.net/lmf/index.php
http://edweb2.net/lmf/index.php
http://edweb2.net/lmf/index.php
Challenge
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
highmoderateeasy
# Stories
Teacher Enthusiasm
Series1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
highmediumlow
Interaction with other learners
Series1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
highmediumlow
Other Common Attributes
Instructor warmth
Human interest
More concrete than abstract
Sensory rich
Hands on
Physical activity
Out of 160 storiesonly 2 were about a lecture
Out of 160 storiesonly 2 were about a lecture
Engagement & Technology
They’re all digital natives… so all we need is more hardware, right?
When I first moved to California, I was excited by the fact that I could drive for half an hour and be in a different country.
I would walk into the market and be overwhelmed by the colors and smells.
It all seemed complex and interesting.
I would buy things that I would never buy at home.
For example, there were pictures of Jesus painted on black velvet.
There were pictures of Elvis Presley, too.
Sometimes you could find a painting with both of them.
Caught up in the moment, I
actually bought things
like this.
(Well, not quite this bad.)
The same thing happens to people in educational technology
especially at conferences like this.
Every day we hear about new tools
especially at conferences like this.
Each day is like a visit to a new country
We get excited and a part of our brain shuts down.
You’ve got to remember where you came from
Don’t forget what you already knew as a teacher
This is from an advertisement I recently received for a 3-D projector
It reminded me of this…
And came with claims that make my lie detector light up.
Magazines are adopting new technologies in the name of engagement and so will textbooks.
Magazines are adopting new technologies in the name of engagement and so will textbooks.
Be skeptical. And excited.
OK, so what IS engagement?
Engaged Learning
Conrad & Donaldson Engaged Learning Model
Engagement Research
STROBE
Used in medical education
Cycle of observing teacher and students
Validated against self-reports
O’Malley, K. et al, (2003). Validation of an observational instrument formeasuring student engagement in health professions settings. Evaluation & the health professions, 2003, 26; 86.
Observation protocol
Interactions
Interactions
Interactions
Interactions
Interactions
To sum it up: Engagement…
is about lots of interaction,
the interaction is about the thing you’re trying to teach,
and students are using as much of the brain as possible.
To sum it up: Engagement…
is about lots of interaction,
the interaction is about the thing you’re trying to teach,
and students are using as much of the brain as possible.
To sum it up: Engagement…
is about lots of interaction,
the interaction is about the thing you’re trying to teach,
and students are using as much of the brain as possible.
It’s not easy to get this across to novice teachers
They’ve been damaged
If only we had a visual language for talking about this…
SDSU Playbook
Rhumba
Figure Skating
Teaching is at least as complicated as football
Or rhumba
Interactions Thick lines = intense interaction requiring deep processing
Interactions Thin lines = weak interaction requiring shallow processing
http://slatest.slate.com/features/news_dots/default.htm
News Dots
Interactions Teacher demonstrates the site. Learners watch
Engagement = low
Interactions Teacher gives URL. Learners explore.
Engagement = low to medium
InteractionsTeacher gives URL and a task: What is in the news that interests you least?
Learners explore and reflect.
Engagement = medium
InteractionsTeacher gives URL and a task: Within groups, become an expert on one aspect of the news. Then work together and decide on a prediction about what the top five topics will be tomorrow.
Engagement = high
The SAME tool leads to DIFFERENT engagement
It’s all about teaching, not technology
http://www.360cities.net/image/sanaa-sunset
360 Cities
How could you maximize engaged, powerful learning with the 360 cities
site?
InteractionsWorking in groups of
three,decide how to maximize this,
this, and this.
What did you come up with?
So how can we measure engagement in our own teaching?
EOPEngagement Observation Protocol
EOP
Put a number from 1 to 10 to indicate the amount of interaction of each type.
EOP
Put a number from 1 to 6 to indicate the kind of thinking required by the interaction:1 = Remembering2 = Understanding3 = Applying4 = Analyzing5 = Evaluating6 = Creating
EOP
By adding up the weighted sums you can give a lesson an overall score.
MEOP
Testing now in Oklahoma
Will be used in San Diego in our Qualcomm project
Quantified feedback
Immediate results
Learning by focused observation
Pre-Class
Setup
Random Student
Generation
3-Minute Cycles
0:00 – 0:59 Observe Teacher & Class
1:00 – 1:29 Observe Student A
1:30 – 1:59 Observe Student B
2:00 – 2:29 Observe Student C
2:30 – 2:59 Observe Student D
TeacherObservati
on
Student Observat
ion
Interactions Thick lines = intense interaction requiring deep processing
The Ebb & Flow of Teaching
Student-Teacher
Student-Student
Student-Data
Student-Self
0 2010 4030 50 60
Homework: Get a friend to watch you teach
And watch the interactions.
Homework: Get a friend to watch you teach
And watch the interactions.Why? Because when you’re teaching you’re too busy to see
everything that‘s going on, no matter how experienced you are.
Measuring and Maximizing
Learner Engagement
Bernie Dodge, PhDSan Diego State University
:
http://webquest.org/workshops/engagement8