Mechanical exercises

This module combines many tools and techniques to create a mechanical part in VectorWorks. Although this module is mechanically based, it can be performed by any VectorWorks user. It shows concepts that apply to all disciplines and provides a concept that most users can relate to.

The structure of the exercises in this Level 1 Module is that all of the provided exercises are based on the 2D Mechanical Draft which you will create. You must complete this exercise before moving on to other exercises in this module. Other exercises can then be completed in any order.

In this module you will design a butterfly valve. You will create a draft which shows a top, front and side view. You will then dimension the drawing and create an assembly drawing.

The 3D exercise uses a more simplistic mechanical part. The Connecting Rod part easily demonstrates many of Vectorworks 3D capabilities.

Level 1 Module - Mechanical Exercises

Learnin 6-1

1

1 66Mechanical 2D Drafting

SET

Exercise

ating the View

ating The t View

ating The Viewg Exercises ManualIn this example we will create a butterfly valve used in combustion engines using VectorWorks 2D capabilities. We will create guides, use cues, and use standard and plug-in tools. This exercise focuses on traditional drafting techniques in 2D. This exercise is not optimized for conversion into 3D. In order to simplify this exercise, we have provided certain numeric values for you. In the real world, you may have to calculate these values on your own.

The completed file is located in your Learning Exercises folder and is entitled Mechanical2D_Sample.mcd. It may be used as a reference while drawing.

UPIt is important to set up your drawing before beginning to draw. In this exercise we will be using a template with most of your options pre-set. Although we do not use all the classes provided while performing this exercise, they are there for future use.

1. Select New from the File Menu.2. Click the Use Document Template radio button. From

the template pulldown, select ME_Detail-A3.sta.3. In the View bar, click Fit to Window.4. From the File menu, select Workspaces and then

Mechanical Eng.5. From the Palettes menu, open 2D Tools, Object Info,

Editing, Constraints, and Attributes.

In this

CreTop

CreFron

CreSide

6-2

SetupMechanical 2D Drafting

6. Click each of the following buttons on the Constraints palette: Snap to Grid, Snap to Objects, Constrain Angle, Snap to Intersection, Smart Points and Smart Edge as shown.

7. On the Constraints palette, double click Snap to Grid.The Set Grid dialog appears.

Sn

SmLearning Exercises Manual

8. Change the Snap Grid X value to 1. Uncheck Show Grid Lines.9. Click OK.10. On the Constraints palette, double click Smart Edge.

The Edge Snaps dialog appears.

11. Uncheck Use 2nd Vector, Use Floating Edge and, Snap to Bisector.

ap to

art

Setup

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6Mechanical 2D Drafting

In this particular exercise you will use the "T" key on the keyboard to manually set Edges.

12. Click OK.13. From the File menu, select Preferences and then VectorWorks

Preferences.ng Exercises Manual 6-3

The VectorWorks Preferences dialog appears.

14. Check Eight Selection Handles.15. Click OK.16. From the Page menu, select Set Print Area.

The Print Area dialog appears.

17. Uncheck Show Page Breaks.18. Click OK.19. From the Data Display Bar, click the Classes pulldown then select

Classes.

6-4

SetupMechanical 2D Drafting

This brings up a dialog. Notice that there are a number of classes already created in this file. Each class has its own color, line style, and line weight.

ZoomToolLearning Exercises Manual

20. Click Cancel.21. Click the Zoom In tool.22. Using the rulers, move the cursor to an X of -50 and a Y of -50 then click.

Drag the mouse diagonally and marquee the upper left portion of the drawing area.

Note: There will be times throughout this exercise where you may find the need to zoom in or out to better see and snap to objects.

23. From the File menu, select Save As and name the file Mechanical.mcd.

In

Click Here

Create The Top View

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CREATE THE TOP VIEW

We will start by creating the Top View of this object. We will later use this view to help create the Front View.

Tip:cons

drawShifng Exercises Manual 6-5

Creating The Centerlines

Centerlines are used to visually divide objects in half. Centerlines can be any shape (lines, circles, etc...). Centerlines differ from Guidelines in that they are specifically for bisecting objects and remain on screen as part of the final drawing. Guidelines on the other hand, are working lines used to aid in drawing but are not part of the final drawing. Guidelines are typically hidden or deleted from view. Guidelines can also be any shape.

1. Click the Line tool.2. Utilizing the Data Display Bar, move the cursor until X is -125 and Y is 120

then click.3. Drag downwards a little bit then press the Tab key until the L (length) field

is highlighted. Enter 140 then press the Enter key. With the line now drawn (notice the Vertical/ Length cue) click on the screen to end.

4. With the line selected, select the Class pulldown and then select Centerlines from the Object Info. palette.

Note: At this point (or later in the exercise) a dialog will appear asking if you want the attribute change to take place, click Yes Always.

Line Tool

To keep lines trained while ing, hold the

t key down

First Click

Second Click

6-6

Create The Top ViewMechanical 2D Drafting

Selecting Yes Always allows any object made in one class to take on the attributes of another. The program will not ask again about such changes in that session. Clicking Yes will only allow that particular change to take place. The dialog will appear for each attempt to change attributes after that. No Always disallows any attempt to change the pre-assigned class Learning Exercises Manual

attributes for that session. No disallows the change to take place for that instance.

5. Click the Line tool.6. Move to an X of -175 and a Y of 50 and click.7. Drag to the right a little bit then press the Tab key until the L (length) field

is highlighted. Enter 100 then press the Enter key. With the line now drawn (notice the Horizontal/ Length cue) click on the screen to end.

8. With this line selected, select the Class pulldown and select Centerlines from the Object Info. palette.

9. From the File menu, select Save.

Creating The Body1. Double click the Ellipse tool.

First Click Second Click

Ellipse Tool

Create The Top View

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2. Enter in a diameter of 72.ng Exercises Manual 6-7

3. Click OK.4. Move the mouse to the intersection of the two Centerlines. When the

Center cue appears, click.

5. Double click the Ellipse tool.6. Enter in a diameter of 50.7. Click OK.8. Move the mouse to the intersection of the two Centerlines. When the

Center cue appears, click.9. Click the 2D Selection tool.10. Hold down the Shift key and click on the first (larger) circle.

Both circles are now selected.

2D Selection Tool

6-8


11. From the Attribute palette, select the Fill Style pulldown then select Solid.

12. With the two circles still selected, select Clip Surface from the Tool menu.13. Right Click (Win)/ Control Click (Mac) on the screen and select Deselect

All from the Edit menu.Learning Exercises Manual

14. Click on the inner circle then press the Delete key to remove it.This area is the body

15. Select Save from the File menu.

Creating The Front Boss1. Double click the Smart Edge constraint. 2. Enter 42 in the Snap Offset field.3. Click OK.4. Click the Rectangle tool.5. Move to the horizontal centerline and press the T key.

Body

Rectangle Tool

Create The Top View

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A guide line appears along its length.ng Exercises Manual 6-9

6. Move to the intersection of the horizontal centerline and the right center of the body (Arc End cue) then downwards without clicking. When the Offset/ Align H cue appears click.

7. Moving up and to the left, click at the left center (Arc End cue) of the body.8. Click the 2D Selection tool.9. With the rectangle still selected, move the mouse to its Top Center (Top

Center cue). When the Reshape cursor appears, click.

Guide Line

6-10


10. Drag the rectangles top down until it reaches the bottom of the body (Arc End cue) then click.Learning Exercises Manual

This rectangle is the Front Boss.11. From the Tool menu, select Send and then Send to Back.12. From the File menu, select Save.

Creating the Tapped Holes1. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.2. Enter 16.45 in the Snap Offset field.3. Click OK.4. Click the Line tool.5. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline. Press the T key.

Front Boss

Create The Top View

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6. Move the cursor to the left until the Offset cue appears. Click and draw a vertical line starting just below the bottom of the rectangle. Drag up to the bottom of the body (Object /Parallel or Object /Vertical cue) and click to end.ng Exercises Manual 6-11

7. With the line still selected, select the Class pulldown then select Centerlines from the Object Info. palette.

8. From the Design menu, select Drafting Aids and then Holes.The Holes dialog appears.

9. Click the Tapped radio button for Type and the No radio button for Show Center Mark. Enter 4 in the Diameter field and 12 in the Total Depth field.

6-12


10. Click OK.11. Click at the intersection of the vertical line you just drew and the bottom of

the Front Boss (Object/ Object cue).

2D RToolLearning Exercises Manual

12. From the Editing palette, click the 2D Rotate tool.13. Click at the intersection of the tap hole and the bottom of the Front Boss

(Top Center cue).14. Drag horizontally to the right of the tap hole and click.15. Drag left until you see the tap hole mirror in the upward direction then click

to set.

16. Select the 2D Selection tool.17. Hold down the Shift Key and click on the small vertical centerline.18. From the Editing palette, click the Mirror tool. Click the Mirror and

Duplicate mode in the Mode Bar.19. Move the cursor to the bottom of the large vertical centerline and click.

otate

Mirror Tool

Create The Top View

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20. Move vertically then click to set the mirror axis.ng Exercises Manual 6-13

This creates a mirror image of the tap hole to the right of the centerline.21. From the Design menu, select Drafting Aids and then Holes.22. Click the Tapped radio button for Type and the No radio button for Show

Center Mark. Enter 4 in the Diameter field and 12 in the Total Depth field.23. Click OK.24. Click at the intersection of the large vertical centerline and the bottom of

the Front Boss (Bottom Center cue).

25. Click the 2D Rotate tool from the Editing palette.26. Click at the intersection of the tap hole and the bottom of the Front Boss

(Top Center cue).27. Drag horizontally to the right of the tap hole and click.

First Click

Second Click

6-14


28. Drag horizontally left until you see the tap hole mirror in the upwards direction then click to set.Learning Exercises Manual

29. Click the 2D Selection tool.30. Hold down the Shift key and click on the left and right tap holes.31. From the Object Info. palette, select the Class pulldown then select

Dashed Lines.32. From the File menu, select Save.

Creating The Drilled Hole1. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.2. Enter 10 in the Snap Offset field.3. Click OK.4. Click the Line tool.5. Move the cursor over the large vertical centerline. Press the T key.

Create The Top View

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6. Move the cursor to the left until the Offset cue appears. Click and draw a vertical line starting inside of the body and extending down to the outer edge of the circle (Object/ Vertical cue or Object/ Parallel). Click to end.ng Exercises Manual 6-15

7. Move the cursor over the large vertical centerline. Press the T key.8. Move the cursor to the right until the Offset cue appears. Click and draw a

vertical line starting inside of the body and extending down to the outer edge of the circle (Object/ Vertical cue or Object/ Parallel). Click to end.

9. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.10. Enter 31 in the Snap Offset field.11. Click OK.12. Click the Line tool.13. Move the cursor over the horizontal centerline and click the T key.14. Move the cursor upward until the Offset cue appears. Click and draw a

horizontal line the approximate width between the two vertical lines. Click to end.

15. Click the 2D Selection tool.

Look for the Horizontal or Perpendicular cue.

6-16


16. Hold the Shift key down and click on the left vertical line.17. From the Tool menu, select Join.18. Click on the right vertical line. Hold the Shift key down and click on the

horizontal line.Learning Exercises Manual

19. From the Tool menu, select Join.20. Hold the Shift key down and click on the left vertical line.21. From the Object Info. palette, select the Class pulldown and select

Dashed Lines.

22. Click on the horizontal centerline. Hold down the Shift key and click on the two vertical lines.

23. From the Tool menu, select Trim.24. Click on the horizontal centerline.

The two vertical lines are now split where they intersect the horizontal centerline.

Create The Top View

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25. Right Click (Win)/ Control-Click (Mac) in the drawing area to bring up the Edit dialog. Select Deselect All.

26. Click on the top left vertical line.27. Move the cursor over the bottom handle of this vertical line. When the

Arrow cursor changes into the Resize cursor, click and drag vertically 2D Selection ng Exercises Manual 6-17

upwards to the edge of the inner circle. Click when the Object/ Vertical cue appears.

28. Repeat procedure for right upper vertical line.29. Click on the bottom left vertical line.30. Move the cursor over the top handle of this vertical line. When the Arrow

cursor changes into the Resize cursor, click and drag vertically downwards to the edge of the inner circle. Click when the Object/ Vertical cue appears.

31. Repeat procedure for right lower vertical line.


Resize

6-18


Creating The Counter Bore1. Double click the Rectangle tool.2. Enter 25.5 for delta X and 7 for delta Y. Click the Bottom Center

alignment radio button. Select the Class pulldown and select Dashed Learning Exercises Manual

Lines.3. Click OK.4. Move to the bottom of the rectangle under the outer circle until the Bottom

Center cue appears then click.


Creating The Upper Ears1. Click the Arc tool.2. Move the cursor to the intersection of the two main centerlines. When the

Center cue appears, click.

Arc Tool

Create The Top View

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3. Drag the cursor up and to the right past the circle.ng Exercises Manual 6-19

4. Press the Tab key until the L (length) field is highlighted. Enter 45. Press the Enter key on the Numeric keypad to set.

5. The A (Angle) field is now highlighted. Enter 45. Press the Enter key on the Alpha-Numeric keypad to set. Click on the screen to set the beginning of the arc, then drag left a little bit.

6. Click the Tab key to activate the Sweep field in the Data Display bar.7. Enter 90 and press the Enter key. Click in the drawing to set the arc.8. With the arc selected, select Guides then Make Guide from the Edit

menu.

9. Double click the Ellipse tool.10. Enter a radius of 9.5.

6-20


11. Click OK.12. Move the cursor to the intersection of the vertical centerline and the guide

arc. Click when the Object/Object cue appears.Learning Exercises Manual

13. Click the Rectangle tool.14. Move to the left side of the small circle just drawn. When the Center Left

cue appears, click. Drag to the opposite side until the Center Right cue appears. Drag down, using the Align H cue to keep you aligned with the Right Center of the circle, until the rectangle is just between the inner and outer circle then click.

15. Select the 2D Selection tool.16. Hold down the Shift key and click on the small circle.

Create The Top View

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Note that circles have a center and single side handle which may not be obvious during this part of the exercise.

17. From the Tool menu, select Add Surface.ng Exercises Manual 6-21

This is now one of the upper ears.18. With the inner ear still selected, select Duplicate Array from the Edit

menu.

The Duplicate dialog appears.19. Click the Circular Array radio button. Enter 120 in the Angle field. Click

the Next Mouse Click radio button.

20. Click OK.

Inner Ear

6-22


21. Move the cursor to the intersection of the centerlines (Center cue) and click.Learning Exercises Manual

22. Click the 2D Selection tool.23. Click the top upper ear. Hold down the Shift key and click on the body.24. From the Tool menu, select Add Surface.25. Hold down the Shift key and click on the left ear.26. Select Add Surface from the Tool menu.

27. With the polyline still selected, select Send and then Send to Back from the Tool menu.

28. Click on the rectangle (Front Boss). Select Send and then Send to Back from the Tool menu.

Create The Top View

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29. From the Design menu, select Drafting Aids and then Holes from the pulldown.

30. Click the Tapped radio button for Type, the No radio button for Show Center Mark. Enter 8 in the Diameter field. Click the Top view radio button for View.ng Exercises Manual 6-23

31. Click OK.32. Click at the center of the arc guide (Center cue).

33. With the tapped hole still selected, select Duplicate Array from the Edit menu. All settings should be the same as you used previously, so there is no need to change anything.

34. Click OK.35. Move to the intersection of the centerlines (Center cue) and click.


6-24


Creating The Lower Ears1. Click the Arc tool.2. Move the cursor to the intersection of the centerlines (Center cue) and

click.Learning Exercises Manual

3. Drag the cursor up and to the right of the polyline. Press the Tab key until the L field is highlighted. Enter 50. Press the Enter key on the Numeric keypad to set.

4. The A (Angle) field is now highlighted. Enter 45. Press the Enter key on the Alpha-Numeric keypad to set. Click on the screen to set the beginning of the arc, then drag left a little bit.

5. Press the Tab key to highlight the Sweep field in the Data Display bar. Enter 90 and press the Enter key on the Alpha-Numeric keypad. Click on the drawing to end the arc.

6. With the arc selected, select Guides then Make Guides from the Edit menu.

7. Double click the Ellipse tool.8. Enter a radius of 12.5.9. Click OK.

Create The Top View

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10. Move to the intersection of the vertical Centerline and the new guide arc. When the Object/Object cue appears, click.ng Exercises Manual 6-25

11. Click the Rectangle tool.12. Move to the left side of the new circle. When the Center Left cue appears,

click on the drawing. Drag to the opposite side of the circle until the Center Right cue appears. Drag down, using the Align H cue to keep you aligned with the right center of the circle, until the rectangle intersects the outer circle (Object/ Align H cue) then click.

13. Click the 2D Selection tool.14. Hold down the Shift key and click on the circle.

6-26


15. Select Add Surface from the Tool menu.

Lower EarLearning Exercises Manual

This is one of the lower ears.16. While the ear is still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid

from the Attributes palette.17. Double click the Ellipse tool.18. Enter a diameter of 10.5.19. Click OK.20. Click at the center of the second arc guide.

21. Click the 2D Selection tool.22. Hold down the Shift key and click on the ear.23. From the Tool menu, select Clip Surface.24. Hold down the Shift key and click on the ear.

Clicking on an object already selected, deselects it.

Create The Top View

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25. With only the smaller circle now selected, press the Delete key to remove it.ng Exercises Manual 6-27

26. Click on the ear.27. From the Edit menu, select Duplicate Array.28. In the Circular Array section, enter 2 in the Number field.29. Click OK.30. Move the cursor to the intersection of the two main centerlines (Center

cue) and click.

31. Click the 2D Selection tool.32. Hold down the Shift key and click on the top ear.33. From the Tool menu, select Send and then Send to Back.34. From the File menu, select Save.

6-28

Create The Front ViewMechanical 2D Drafting

CREATE THE FRONT VIEW

Using the Top view as a guide, we will now create the Front View.Learning Exercises Manual

Creating the Centerlines1. Click the Line tool.2. Move to the bottom of the vertical centerline. When the Point cue appears,

move downwards, keeping the Align H cue on.3. Using the Data Display Bar, move the cursor down until X is -125 and Y is

-30 then click.

Depending on your zoom factor, you may need to scroll the screen down or zoom out at this point.

4. Drag down a little bit then press the Tab key until the L (length) field is highlighted. Enter 90 then press the Enter key. Click to finish the line.

5. With the line still selected, click the Class pulldown from the Object Info. palette then select Centerline.

6. Using the Data Display Bar, move the cursor until X is -175 and Y is -75 then click.

7. Drag to the right a little bit then press the Tab key until the L (length) field is highlighted. Enter 100 then press the Enter key. Click to finish the line.

8. With the line still selected, click the Class pulldown from the Object Info. palette then select Centerline.


Click Here

Create The Front View

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Creating the Body1. Double click the Rectangle tool.2. Enter 72 for delta X and 60 for delta Y. Select the Center alignment

button.ng Exercises Manual 6-29

3. Click OK.4. Using the Center cue, click at the intersection of the centerlines.

5. With the rectangle selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attribute palette.

6. Double click the Rectangle tool.7. Enter in 58 for delta X and 2 for delta Y. Click the Top Center alignment

radio button.8. Click OK.9. Move to the bottom center (Bottom Center cue) of the rectangle and click.

10. With this rectangle selected, click the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attribute palette.

6-30


11. Select Save from the File menu.

Creating The Front Boss1. Double click the Ellipse tool.Learning Exercises Manual

2. Enter 50 in the diameter field.3. Click OK.4. Using the Center cue, click in the middle of the first rectangle.


Creating The Counter Bore1. Double click the Ellipse tool.2. Enter 25.5 in the diameter field. 3. Click OK.4. Using the Center cue, click in the middle of the first rectangle.


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Creating The Drilled Hole1. Double click the Ellipse tool.ng Exercises Manual 6-31

2. Enter 20 in the diameter field.3. Click OK.4. Using the Center cue, click in the middle of the first rectangle.


Creating The Bolt Circle1. Double click the Ellipse tool. 2. Enter 38 in the diameter field. Select the Class pulldown then select

Centerlines.3. Click OK.4. Using the Center cue, click in the middle of the first rectangle.

6-32


5. From the Design menu, select Drafting Aids then Holes.6. Click the Tapped radio button for Type and the No radio button for Show

Center Mark. Enter 4 in the Diameter field. Select the Top View radio button for View.

7. Click OK.Learning Exercises Manual

8. Click at the top center of the Bolt Circle (Top Center cue).

9. With the tapped hole still selected, select Duplicate Array from the Edit menu.

All settings should be the same as you used previously so there is no need to change anything.

10. Click OK.11. Move to the center (Center cue) of the first rectangle and click.


Front Boss

Counter Bore

Drilled Hole

Bolt Circle


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Creating the Front View of the Ears1. Click the Line tool.2. In the Top View drawing, move the cursor to center of the hole in the right

lower ear. When the Center cue appears, click.ng Exercises Manual 6-33

3. Draw a horizontal line to the right of the outer ear approximately 25mm long. Click to end.

4. With the line selected, select Guides then Make Guide from the Edit menu.

5. Find the intersection of the lower ear and this guideline (Object/ Object cue). Click and draw a vertical line down to the bottom of the Front View drawing (about where the vertical centerline ends). Click to end.


Click Here

6-34


7. Returning to the Top View drawing, use the Corner cue to find the intersection of the right lower ear and the outer circle of the body. Click and draw a vertical line down to the bottom of the Front View drawing. Click to end.Learning Exercises Manual


9. Click the Rectangle tool.10. In the Front View drawing, find the intersection of the left guideline and the

bottom of the first rectangle (Object/Object cue). At the intersection click to start the rectangle.

11. Move upwards then press the Tab key until the delta Y field is highlighted. Enter 8 and press the Enter key.

Click Here

Click Here


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12. Move over to the right guideline until the Object/ Horizontal cue appears (you may have to move upwards a bit). Click to set the rectangle.ng Exercises Manual 6-35

13. With this rectangle selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attribute palette.

14. Select the Line tool.15. In the Top View drawing, locate the intersection of the guideline and the

circle in the right lower ear. When the Object/ Object cue appears move downwards.

Click Here

Start Here

6-36


16. With the Align H cue active, move down until you reach the top of the rectangle just drawn in the Front View (Object/ Align H cue) and click. Draw a vertical line extending to the bottom of the rectangle (Object/ Vertical cue). Click to end.Learning Exercises Manual

17. In the Top View drawing, use the Center cue to find the left end of the guideline in the right lower ear. Move to the left until the Object/ Align V cue appears then move downwards.

18. With the Align H cue active, move down until you reach the top of the rectangle just drawn in the Front View (Object/ Align H cue) and click. Draw a vertical line extending to the bottom of the rectangle (Object/ Vertical cue). Click to end.

19. Click the 2D Selection tool.20. Hold down the Shift key and click on the right vertical line inside the

rectangle.21. From the Object Info. palette, select the Class pulldown then select

Dashed Lines.

Start Here


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22. Hold down the Shift key and click the rectangle.23. From the Organize menu, select Group.24. With this new group still selected, click the Mirror tool from the Editing

palette. Click the Mirror and Duplicate mode in the Mode Bar.ng Exercises Manual 6-37

25. Move to the center of the body rectangle (Center cue) and click.26. Keeping the drag line vertical, click at the bottom of the Front View vertical

centerline (Point cue).


Creating the Upper Ears1. Click the Line tool.2. In the Top View drawing, move the cursor to center of the hole in the left

inner ear. When the Center cue appears, click.

6-38


3. Draw a horizontal line to the left of the inner ear approximately 25mm long. Click to end.


5. Find the intersection of the inner ear and this guideline (Object/ Object Learning Exercises Manual

cue). Click and draw a vertical line down to the middle of the Front View drawing (about where the horizontal centerline is). Click to end.


7. Returning to the Top View drawing, use the Corner cue to find the intersection of the left inner ear and the outer circle of the body. Click and draw a vertical line down to the middle of the Front View drawing. Click to end.

Click Here

Click Here


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9. Click the Rectangle tool.10. In the Front View drawing, find the intersection of the right guideline and

the top of the first rectangle (Object/Object cue). At the intersection click ng Exercises Manual 6-39

to start the rectangle.

11. Move downwards then press the Tab key until the delta Y field is highlighted. Enter -15 and press the Enter key.

12. Move over to the left guideline until the Object/ Horizontal cue appears (you may have to move downwards a bit). Click to set the rectangle.

13. With this rectangle selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attribute palette.

14. Click the Line tool.15. In the Top View drawing, move the cursor to center of the hole in the left

inner ear. When the Center cue appears, move the mouse downwards without clicking.

Click Here

Click Here

6-40


16. In the Front View drawing, click just above the rectangle and draw a vertical line that goes through the rectangle and ends just below it. Click to end.Learning Exercises Manual

17. With the line still selected, select the Class pulldown then select Centerlines from the Object Info. palette.

18. From the Design menu, select Drafting Aids and then Holes from the pop-out.

19. Click the Tapped radio button for Type and the No radio button for Show Center Mark. Enter 8 in the Diameter field and 15 in the Total Depth field. Click the Side view - thru hole radio button.

20. Click OK.21. Move to the intersection of the top of the rectangle just drawn and the

small vertical centerline (Object/ Object cue) and click.

22. With the Tapped Hole still selected, select the Class pulldown then select Dashed Lines from the Object Info. palette

23. Click the 2D Selection tool.

Create The Section View

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24. Hold down the Shift key and click on the small vertical centerline and on the rectangle.

25. From the Organize menu, select Group.26. With this new group still selected, click the Mirror tool from the Editing

palette.

CREng Exercises Manual 6-41

27. Move to the top of the vertical centerline (Point cue) and click.28. Keeping the drag line vertical, drag downwards and click near the middle

of the body rectangle.

29. Click the 2D Selection tool.30. Click on the main vertical centerline. Hold down the Shift key and click

the main horizontal centerline.31. From the Tool menu, select Send then Send to Front.32. From the File menu, select Save.

ATE THE SECTION VIEW

Using the Front view as a guide, we will now create the Section View.

Creating The Horizontal Guides1. Click the Line tool.

6-42

Create The Section ViewMechanical 2D Drafting

2. Using the Corner cue, find the top right corner of the upper right ear and click. Draw a horizontal line approximately 170mm. Click to end.Learning Exercises Manual

3. Find the top center of the Front Boss (Top Center cue) and click. Draw a horizontal line that ends around the same distance as the previous line then click.

Click Here

Click Here


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4. Find the bottom right of the upper right ear (Bottom Right cue) and click. Draw a horizontal line that ends around the same distance as the previous line then click.ng Exercises Manual 6-43

5. Find the bottom center of the Front Boss (Bottom Center cue) and click. Draw a horizontal line that ends around the same distance as the previous line then click.

Click Here

Click Here

6-44


6. Find the top right of the lower right ear (Top Right cue) and click. Draw a horizontal line that ends around the same distance as the previous line then click.Learning Exercises Manual

7. Find the bottom right of the lower right ear (Bottom Right cue) and click. Draw a horizontal line that ends around the same distance as the previous line then click.

8. Find the bottom right of the lower most rectangle (Bottom Right cue) and click. Draw a horizontal line that ends around the same distance as the previous line then click.

Click Here

Click Here

Click Here


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9. Click the 2D Selection tool.10. With the bottom-most horizontal line still selected, hold down the Shift

key and click on the other 6 horizontal lines.11. From the Edit menu, select Guides and then Make Guide.ng Exercises Manual 6-45


Creating The Centerlines1. Click the Line tool.2. Utilizing the Data Display Bar, move the cursor until X reads 20 and Y

reads -30 then click.3. Drag vertically downwards then press the Tab key until you highlight the L

field.4. Enter 90 then press the Enter key. Click to end.5. With this line selected, select the Class pulldown then select Centerlines

from the Object Info. palette.6. Move to the left of the vertical centerline. When X reads -25 and Y reads -

75 click.7. Drag horizontally a little bit to the right then press the Tab key until you

highlight the L field.8. Enter 90 then press the Enter key. Click to end.9. With this line selected, select the Class pulldown then select Centerlines

from the Object Info. palette.


6-46


Creating The Left Side Guides1. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.2. Enter 25 in the Snap Offset field.3. Click OK.Learning Exercises Manual

4. Click the Line tool.5. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.6. Move to the left of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Starting at

the top horizontal guideline (Object/ Offset cue), click and draw a vertical line that ends at the bottom horizontal guideline (Object/ Vertical cue). Click to end.

7. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.8. Enter 42 in the Snap Offset field.9. Click OK.10. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.


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11. Move to the left of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Click at the top Boss guideline (Object/ Offset cue). Drawing vertically, click to end at the bottom Boss guideline (Object/ Vertical cue).ng Exercises Manual 6-47

12. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.13. Enter 36 in the Snap Offset field.14. Click OK.15. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.16. Move to the left of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Click and

draw a vertical line starting at the top horizontal guideline (Object/ Offset cue). Click to end at the bottom guideline of the lower ear (Object/ Vertical cue).

17. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.18. Enter 29 in the Snap Offset field.19. Click OK.

6-48


20. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.21. Move to the left of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Click and

draw a vertical line starting at the bottom guideline of the lower right ear (Object/Offset cue). Click to end at the bottom horizontal guideline (Object/ Offset cue).Learning Exercises Manual


Creating The Left Side of the Body1. Click the 2D Polygon tool.

2D Polygon Tool


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2. Move to the intersection of the top body guideline and the vertical line closest to the vertical centerline (Object/ Object cue) then click.

Click Hereng Exercises Manual 6-49

3. Moving in the left direction, trace the outline of the four vertical lines as shown.

At the last click location, the polygon is closed indicating that the operation is finished.

6-50


4. With the polygon still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Hatch from the Attributes palette. Select the Hatch Pattern pulldown then select Aluminum-3 x 45.Learning Exercises Manual


Create the Tapped Hole6. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.7. Enter 11 in the Snap Offset field.8. Click OK.9. Click the Line tool.10. Move the cursor over the top horizontal guideline and press the T key.11. Move downwards until the Offset cue appears. Click and draw a line that

starts to the left and goes through the polygon as shown. Click again to end.


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12. With this line selected, select the Class pulldown from the Object Info. palette then select Centerlines.

13. From the Design menu, select Drafting Aids and then Holes from the pop-out.

14. Click the Tapped radio button for Type and the No radio button for Show ng Exercises Manual 6-51

Center Mark. Enter 4 in the Diameter field and 12 in the Total Depth field.15. Click OK.16. Click at the intersection of the new horizontal centerline and the left side

of the polygon (Object/Object cue).

17. From the Editing palette, click the 2D Rotate tool.18. Click at the intersection of the tap hole and the left side of the polygon

(Top Center cue).19. Drag to the right of the tap hole and click.20. Rotate the line upwards until the tap hole is facing into the polygon then

click to set.

21. With the tap hole still selected, select the Fill pulldown and select Solid from the Attribute palette.

6-52


22. Select the 2D Selection tool.23. Click on the centerline of the tap hole just drawn.24. From the Tool menu, select Send then Send to Front.25. From the File menu, select Save.Learning Exercises Manual

Creating The Right Side Guidelines1. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.2. Enter 25 in the Snap Offset field.3. Click OK.4. Click the Line tool.5. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.6. Move to the right of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Click on

the top horizontal guideline (Object/ Offset cue. Click to end at the bottom horizontal guideline (Object/ Vertical cue).

7. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.8. Enter 36 in the Snap Offset field.9. Click OK.10. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.


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11. Move to the right of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Click on the bottom guideline of the upper ear (Object/ Offset cue). Click to end at the top guideline of the lower ear (Object/ Vertical cue).ng Exercises Manual 6-53

12. Double click the Edge Snap constraint.13. Enter 54.5 in the Snap Offset field.14. Click OK.15. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.16. Move to the right of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Click on

the top horizontal guide line. Click to end at the bottom guideline of the upper ear.

17. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.18. Enter 62.5 in the Snap Offset field.19. Click OK.20. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.

6-54


21. Move to the right until the Offset cue appears. Click on the top guideline of the lower ear (Object/ Offset cue). Click to end at the bottom guideline of the lower ear (Object/ Vertical cue).Learning Exercises Manual

22. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.23. Enter 29 in the Offset field.24. Click OK.25. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.26. Move to the right of the centerline until the Offset cue appears. Click on

the bottom guideline of the lower ear (Object/Offset cue). Click to end at the bottom body guideline (Object/ Offset cue).


Creating the Right Side of the Body1. Click the 2D Polygon tool.


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2. Move to the intersection of the top body guideline and the vertical line closest to the vertical centerline (Object/ Object cue) then click.

Click Hereng Exercises Manual 6-55

3. Moving in the right direction, trace the outline of the five vertical lines as shown.

6-56


At the last click location, the polygon is closed indicating that the operation is finished.

4. With the polygon still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Hatch from the Attributes palette. Select the Hatch Pattern pulldown and select Aluminum-3 x 45.Learning Exercises Manual


Creating the Drilled Hole1. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.2. Enter 50 in the Snap Offset field.3. Click OK.4. Click the Line tool.5. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline and press the T key.


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6. Move to the right until the Offset cue appears. Click and draw a line that starts above and goes through the lower ear of the polygon as shown. Click again to end.ng Exercises Manual 6-57

7. With this line still selected, select the Class pulldown then select Centerline from the Object Info. palette.

8. Double click the Smart Edge constraint.9. Enter 5.25 in the Snap Offset field.10. Click OK.11. Click the Rectangle tool.12. Move the cursor over the vertical centerline just created and press the T

key.13. Move to the left until the Offset cue appears. Move to the intersection of

the top of the lower ear and the offset line (Object Offset cue) then click.

14. Move downwards to the bottom of the ear (Object/ Vertical cue).

6-58


15. Moving right along the bottom of the ear, click to end when the Object/ Offset cue appears.Learning Exercises Manual

16. With the rectangle still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attributes palette.

17. Select the 2D Selection tool.18. Click on the centerline of the rectangle just drawn.19. From the Tool menu, select Send then Send to Front.20. From the File menu, select Save.

Creating the Tapped Hole1. Double click the Edge Snap constraint.2. Enter 45 in the Snap Offset field.3. Click OK.4. Click the Line tool.5. Move the cursor over the main vertical centerline and press the T key.


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6. Move to the right until the Offset cue appears. Click and draw a line that starts above the upper ear and goes through it as shown. Click again to end.ng Exercises Manual 6-59

7. With the line still selected, select the Class pulldown then select Centerline from the Object Info. palette.

8. From the Design menu, select Drafting Aids and then Holes.9. Click the Tapped radio button for Type and the No radio button for Show

Center Mark. Enter 8 in the Diameter field and 15 in the Total Depth field. Select the Side View - thru hole radio button for View.

10. Click OK.11. Click at the intersection of the vertical line just drawn and the top of the

polygon (Object/ Object cue).

12. With the tap hole still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attributes palette.

13. Select the 2D Selection tool.14. Click on the centerline of the tap hole just drawn.15. From the Tool menu, select Send then Send to Front.

6-60



Finishing The Section ViewLearning Exercises Manual

Create the Counter Bore1. Double click the Rectangle tool.2. Enter 7 for delta X and 25.5 for delta Y. Click the Left Center alignment

radio button.3. Click OK.4. Move to the intersection of left side of the left polygon and the horizontal

centerline (Center cue) then click.

5. With this rectangle still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attribute palette.


Create the Drilled Hole1. Double click the Rectangle tool.2. Enter 67 for delta X and 20 for delta Y.3. Click OK.


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4. Click at the center right of the rectangle just created (Center Right cue).ng Exercises Manual 6-61

5. With the rectangle still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attribute palette.


Creating the Bored Hole1. Select the Rectangle tool.2. Click at the top right of the left polygon (Point cue). Drag diagonally to the

bottom left on the right polygon then click (Point cue).

6-62

Additions to the DrawingMechanical 2D Drafting

3. With the rectangle still selected, select the Fill pulldown then select Solid from the Attribute palette.

4. Click the 2D Selection tool.5. Click on the main vertical centerline. Hold down the Shift key and click

the main horizontal centerline.

ADDLearning Exercises Manual

6. From the Tool menu, select Send then Send to Front.7. From the Edit menu, select Guides and then Hide Guides.8. From the File menu, select Save.

ITIONS TO THE DRAWING

Once the drawing is complete, you may want to add on to your work. In this section we will add an O Ring to all 3 views.

Section View

To add the O Ring to the Section View:

1. Double click the Rectangle tool.The Create Rectangle dialog appears.

2. Enter 3 for X and 31 for Y. Click the left center insertion point.

3. Click OK.4. In the Section view, click at the intersection of the horizontal centerline

and the Drilled Hole (Center cue).

Additions to the Drawing

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5. With the rectangle still selected, select Move and then Move from the Tool menu.The Move Selection dialog appears.ng Exercises Manual 6-63

6. Enter 2 in the X Offset field.7. Click OK.

The rectangle is moved into the correct position.

8. From the Tool menu, select Send then Send Backwards.This moves the rectangle behind the centerlines.


Front View

To add the O ring to the Front View:

1. Double click the Ellipse tool.The Create Circle dialog appears.

6-64


2. From the Class pulldown select Dashed Lines. Enter 31 for the diameter.Learning Exercises Manual

3. Click OK.4. In the Front view, click at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical

centerlines (Center cue). The O ring is added to the drawing.


Top View

To add the O ring to the Top View:

1. Double click the Rectangle tool.The Create Rectangle dialog appears.

Additions to the Drawing

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2. From the Class pulldown, select Dashed Lines. Enter 31 for X and 3 for Y. Click the bottom center insertion point.ng Exercises Manual 6-65

3. Click OK.4. In the Top view, click at the intersection of the vertical centerline and the

bottom of the body rectangle (Center cue).5. With the rectangle still selected, select Move and then Move from the

Tool menu.The Move Selection dialog appears.

6. Enter 2 in the Y Offset field.

7. Click OK.8. From the File menu, select Save.

6-66


The rectangle is moved into the correct position.Learning Exercises Manual

Learnin 7-1

1

1 77Dimensioning

SET

Exercise

onstrained ar ension

onstrained in & Base- ension

strained ar ension

strained in & Base- ension

rior etral

ension

rior etral

ension

rior Radial ension

ular ensiong Exercises ManualThis exercise will add dimensions to the 2D butterfly valve by adding numerical value, lines, symbols and notes that define the size and/or geometric characteristic of the part. We will be adding dimensions and tolerances to your drawing using the automated tools provided in VectorWorks.

You may view the complete dimensioned file in VectorWorks>Toolkit>Samples>Body_sample.mcd. It may be used as a reference while drawing.

UP

Since you set up your file in the previous exercise, Mechanical 2D Drafting, set up for this module is minimal.

1. Select Open from the File Menu.The Open dialog box appears.

2. Select Learning Exercises>Mechanical2d_Sample.mcd. Click to open the file.VectorWorks will open the last saved version of that drawing file.

Note: The menu group underneath VectorWorks Preferences on the File menu lists the last five files that were opened or saved. Selecting this file from the list will open it.

3. From the Palettes menu, if not already opened, open 2D Tools, Object Info, Editing, Constraints, Dimensioning, and Attributes.

In this

UncLineDim

UncChaLineDim

ConLineDim

ConChaLineDim

InteDiamDim

ExteDiamDim

InteDim

AngDim

7-2

Top View DimensioningDimensioning

Note: If you are using the Mechanical Engineering (streamlined) workspace, the editing and dimensioning tools are included on the 2D Tools palette.

4. From the Data Display Bar, click the layer pulldown and select 2D Drawing.

TOP

Left Ea

Main CenterLinesLearning Exercises Manual

VIEW DIMENSIONING

To avoid crossing one dimension with another, we will always be working from the inside to the outside of the object.

Unconstrained-line dimensioning

The Unconstrained-Line Dimensioning Tool, has three modes which lets you draw dimension lines at an angle. This tool can be used to measure and mark an object, along with calculating the distance between two or more points within the drawing area.

Unconstrained Linear Dimension

The Unconstrained Linear Dimension mode allows you to create a dimension line with a single measurement. Unconstrained Line Dimensioning must be co-linear.

1. Click the Zoom In tool from the 2D Dimensioning Tools palette.2. Drag the mouse diagonally and marquee the upper left portion of the Top

View drawing. Click to zoom in.3. Click the Unconstrained-Line Dimensioning Tool.4. Click the Unconstrained Linear Dimension mode button.

Top EarTop EarTop Ear

r Right Ear

Boss Front

Linear Base Line

Chain

Top View Dimensioning

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7Dimensioning

5. Use the smart cursor to determine the points your are dimensioning. Move the mouse to the intersection of the two Centerlines on your drawing. You will know you are at the intersection when the Center Cue appears. Click to mark the point.ng Exercises Manual 7-3

This is the point you want to start measuring from.6. Next move the mouse diagonally to the intersection of the centerlines in

the hole in the lower right ear. You will know you are at the right point when the Point Cue appears. Click to mark the end of the measurement.

7. Without pressing the mouse button, drag the cursor towards the right of your drawing and click to place the dimension line.This will tell VectorWorks how far you want the dimension line offset from the measured object.

Note: Pressing the x key will exit you out of the dimensioning tool.

7-4

Top View DimensioningDimensioning

Note: You can move the dimension line in or out once a dimension is placed. Move the mouse over the dimension line until the resize cursor appears. Click on the line and adjust desired distance from drawing. You can also move the dimension value along the dimension line by clicking on the number and dragging with the mouse.Learning Exercises Manual

8. From the File menu select Save.Note: When using decimal format; leading zeros are displayed when using

metric units, and trailing zeros are displayed when using inches.

Constrained-Line Dimensioning

The Constrained-Line Dimensioning Tool, has five modes. This tool lets you draw dimension lines that are constrained - purely horizontal or vertical. Along with measuring and marking an object, you can use this tool to calculate the horizontal or vertical distance between two or more points in the Drawing Area.

3rd Click

2nd Click

1st Click

Linear

Base Line

Ordinate Dimensions

Select Objects Dimension

Chain

Top View Dimensioning

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7Dimensioning

Constrained Chain Dimension

The constrained Chain and Base-Line Dimension modes create a series of connected dimension lines. Each of the line segments displays its specific measurements in a continuous chain for the Constrained Chain mode.ng Exercises Manual 7-5

1. Click the Constrained-Line Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Constrained Chain mode button.3. Click the right outer edge of the Boss Front to mark the point you want to

start measuring from. You will know you are at the point when the Point Cue appears.

4. Drag to the end of the horizontal centerline and click to mark its endpoint.5. Without pressing the mouse button, drag away from the ear and click to

place the dimension line.6. Next move vertically to keep the upper ear to the end of the centerline. At

the Point Cue click. The dimension is automatically placed, aligned with the previous dimension.

7. To exit out of the dimensioning tool double click on the last point.8. To add a Trailer, click on the 45mm dimension, selecting it.9. From the Object Info palette, select Trailer and type [space] (TYP). Then

by clicking on the drawing the text will be added as a trailer to the dimension.

Note: When working with the Object Info palette, the palette can only display information about selected objects in your drawing.

10. From the File menu select Save.

1st Click

3rd Click

2nd Click4th Click

7-6

Angle Between ObjectsDimensioning

Note: Leaders and Trailers are limited to 15 characters.

ANG

4th Click. The second dimension will be place automatically.Learning Exercises Manual

LE BETWEEN OBJECTS

The Angular Dimension Tool, which has two modes, allows you to measure and dimension angles. This tool works with all 2D objects that have linear sides including rectangles (rounded and rotated), lines, polylines, and polygons. It will not work with circles, ellipses, or arcs.

1. Click the Angular Dimension Tool.2. Click the Angle Between Two Object mode button.

2nd Click

1st Click

3rd Click. This will place the first dimension in the drawing.

Angle Between Two Objects

Angle Between Reference Line & Object

Angle Between Objects

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7Dimensioning

3. Move to the top of the main centerline on your drawing.

1st Clickng Exercises Manual 7-7

The object cue will appear and the cursor will change to a large cross when you are over the object.

4. Click to select the line. While continuing to hold down the mouse button, (click-drag mode only), move the mouse to the other line, the center line of the ear, and click.

5. Move the mouse toward the left, click to place the dimension.6. Double click to end.7. To add the Trailer, click on the angle to select it.

From the Object Info palette, select Trailer and type [space] (TYP).


2nd Click

1st Click

3rd Click

7-8


Diameter Dimensioning Inside Circle/Arc

The Diameter Dimensioning Inside Circle/Arc mode allows you to select the diameter of a circle for dimensioning.Learning Exercises Manual

1. Click the Circular Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Interior Diametral Dimension mode button.3. Click the arc to be dimensioned. You will know you are over the arc when

the cursor changes to a large cross.

4. Without pressing the mouse button, drag the cursor away from the ear, towards the left and double click, (the first click places the dimension line and the second click will exit you out of the dimensioning tool).


Left SideInterior Radial

Exterior RadialExterior Diametral

Interior Diametral

Right Side

1st Click


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7Dimensioning

Note: To change the direction of the leader shoulder, when the dashed lines appear before making the second mouse click, hold down the control key. This acts as a toggle switch and changes the direction of the leader shoulder. You can also click on the Right or Left Handed Shoulder Mode on the Mode Bar or press the letter I to toggle between the two modes.ng Exercises Manual 7-9

Adding a Note

To add a special character to a dimension or note use the Windows Character Map or the MAC Key Caps. Copy the symbol for diameter () and paste into the front of the note or in the Leader field of the Object Info paletts..

1st Click

2nd Click

7-10


1. Click the Text tool on the 2D palette. 2. Click the cursor above the top ear and type; 8 x 1.25 TAPPED HOLE x 12

DEEP. This will add a note that is not limited to the number of characters. Copy the symbol for diameter() and paste it into the front of the note. Learning Exercises Manual

3. Click the Leader Line Tool from the 2D Palette.4. Click the Unconstrained Leader Line mode.5. Click at the beginning of the text. Move the mouse to the left horizontally

then click. Next move the mouse vertically towards the tapped hole in the ear, click.

6. Select the text and Leader line.7. From the Object Info palette, select the Class pulldown then select the

Dimension Class. 8. From the File menu select Save.

Radius Dimensioning Inside Circle/Arc

The Radius Dimensioning Inside Circle/Arc mode allows you to dimension the radius of an arc or circle.

1. Click the Circular Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Interior Radial Dimension mode button.3. Click the outer edge of the top ear.

1st Click. First type the desired text3rd Click.

2nd Click.


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7Dimensioning

You will know you are over an arc when the cursor changes to a large cross.

Without pressing a mouse button, drag the cursor away from the ear and click to place the dimension line.

4. Click the 2D selection tool.ng Exercises Manual 7-11

5. To add the Trailer, select the dimension and from the Object Info palette, select Trailer and type; [space](TYP). This text will be added as a trailer to the dimension.


Radius Dimensioning Outside Circle/Arc

The Radius Dimensioning Outside Circle/Arc mode allows you to use the radius of the circle/arc for dimensioning. In the previous exercise, 2D Drafting, you had to group the lower right ear. You will need to ungroup this part of your drawing in order to dimension.

1. Click on the right ear.2. From the File menu, select Organize and then Ungroup.

This section of your drawing is now ungrouped.

2nd Click

1st Click

7-12


3.

Outer CircleLearning Exercises Manual

4. Click the Text tool on the 2D palette. Place the cursor to the top of the lower right ear and type: 10.5 DRILL - 3 HOLES EQUALLY SPACED. Add the diameter symbol as described in the previous section.

5. Click the Leader Line Tool from the 2D Palette.6. Click the Unconstrained Leader Line mode.7. Click at the beginning of the text. Move the mouse to the left horizontally,

click. Next move the mouse vertically towards the ear bore, click.8. Select the Leader line and text. From the Object Info palette select

Dimension Class.9. Click the Circular Dimensioning Tool.10. Click the Exterior Radial Dimension mode button.11. Next click on the outer arc of the ear; move the mouse to draw the

dimension line and then click to place the dimension.12. From the Object Info palette, select Trailer and type [space](TYP).

Outer arc

Front View Dimensioning

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7Dimensioning


FRO

2nd Click

3rd Clickng Exercises Manual 7-13

NT VIEW DIMENSIONING

We will now dimension the front view of the butterfly valve.

Diameter Dimensioning Inside Circle/Arc

The Diameter Dimensioning Inside Circle/Arc mode allows you to use the diameter of the circle for dimensioning.

1. Click the Circular Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Interior Diametral Dimension mode button.3. Move the cursor to the Bolt Circle, and click.

Youll know you are over a circle when the cursor changes to a large cross.

4. Move the mouse to the location you want to dimension and click.5. From the Object Info palette, select Trailer and type [space]B.C.6. From the File menu select Save.

1st Click-steps 5-12

1st Click

2nd Click-steps 5-12

Adding a note & Leader LineStep 1-4

7-14

Front View DimensioningDimensioning

.

1st ClickLearning Exercises Manual

Diameter Dimensioning Outside Circle/Arc

The Diameter Dimensioning Outside Circle/Arc mode allows you to use the diameter outside of the circle for dimensioning.

1. Click the Circular Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Exterior Diamentral Dimension mode button.3. Click on the edge of the Drilled Hole. While continuing to hold down the

mouse button, move the mouse to draw the dimension line and then click.4. From the Object Info palette, click the tolerancing (Tol) button, a pull down

menu appears. Select Limit. 5. Enter your tolerance values, Top: .1, Bottom: 0. 6. From the Object Info palette, in the Trailer text box type, [space]TO

DEPTH SHOW.

2nd Click


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7Dimensioning

.

2nd Clickng Exercises Manual 7-15


Adding a Note1. Click the Text tool on the 2D palette. Click on the drawing where you want

to place the note and type: 4 x 0.7 TAPPED HOLE x 12 DEEP 3 HOLES EQUALLY SPACED.

2. Add the diameter symbol in front of the note.

3. From the 2D Tool palette, click on the Leader LineTool.

1st Click

1st Click

Note and Leader Line

2nd Click

3rd Click

7-16

Front View DimensioningDimensioning

4. Click the Unconstrained Leader Line mode and add a leader line. 5. While the leader line is selected, from the Object Info palette, select

Dimension Class.6. From the File menu select Save.Learning Exercises Manual

Constrained Base-Line Dimension

For the Base-Line Dimension mode, a series of dimensions are placed with each dimension measuring the distance from the initial starting point (the base point).

1. Click the Constrained-Line Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Constrained Base-Line Dimension mode button.3. From the upper ear, click to mark the starting point.4. Click on the centerline.

5. Without pressing the mouse button, drag the cursor away from the object and click to place the dimension line.This will tell VectorWorks how far you want the dimension line offset from the measured object.

6. Move the mouse to the next point to be dimensioned, the bottom of the body rectangle, and double click to end. The dimension will be automatically placed.

1st Click

2nd Click


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7Dimensioning

7. Click on the last point again to end.

1st Click

2nd Clickng Exercises Manual 7-17


Constrained Linear Dimension

The Constrained Linear Dimension mode allows you to create a dimension line with a single measurement.

1. Select the Constrained-Line Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Constrained Linear Dimension mode button.3. Click the upper right corner of the Lower Ear to mark the point you want to

start measuring from.

4. Move the mouse to the lower right corner of the Ear. Click to mark the end of the measurement.

3rd Click

4th Click

Lower Ear

7-18

Side View DimensioningDimensioning

5. Without pressing the mouse button, drag the cursor away from the object and click to place the dimension line.

6. From the Object Info Palette, add the Trailer, [space](TYP).

SIDELearning Exercises Manual


VIEW DIMENSIONING

In the side view of the butterfly valve the dimensioning is done using Constrained-Line Dimensioning.

Constrained Linear Dimension

The Constrained Linear Dimension mode allow you to create a dimension line with a single measurement.

1. Click the Constrained-Line Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Constrained Linear Dimension mode button.3. Click to the bottom left corner of the Lower Boss.4. Click the bottom right corner to mark the end of the measurement.

1st Click

2nd Click

Side View Dimensioning

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7Dimensioning

5. Without pressing the mouse button, drag the cursor away from the object and click to place the dimension line.ng Exercises Manual 7-19

6. From the Tolerance pull down menu, in the Object Info palette, select Limit. This will set how the tolerance will appear on your drawing.Enter the following; for Top: 0, this will default to the dimension, for Bottom: -0.2, this will add a plus(+) or minus(-) range.

7. Next select Leader and add the diameter symbol, ()[space]. This symbol will be added to the front of the dimension.

8. Click OK.9. From the File menu select Save

Continuing Linear Dimension; Switching between Modes

All of the dimensioning in this section is done using the Continuing Linear Dimension. Rather than repeating the steps over and over, we will review some of the dimensions shown in the exercise.

1. Click the Constrained-Line Dimensioning Tool.2. Click the Constrained Linear Dimension mode button.3. Click on the lower edge of the Counter Bore.

1st Click 2nd Click3rd Click

7-20

Side View DimensioningDimensioning

4. Next click on the upper edge of the Counter Bore.Learning Exercises Manual

5. Without pressing the mouse button, drag the cursor away from the Counter Bore and click to place the dimension line.

6. Repeat all steps as stated above to dimension the outside diameter of the Boss Front and the O Ring groove. Remember to use your smart cursor to adjust the placement of the numerical value on the dimension lines.

7. Next go to the top of the drawing and click on the left and right sides of the 50mm bore to dimension. From the Object Info palette, click the tolerancing (Tol) button, a drop down menu appears. Select Limit. Enter your tolerance values, Top: .1, Bottom: 0.

8. Select the four dimensions you just created. Using the Object Info palette, add the diameter symbol to the dimensions. VectorWorks allows you to change the attributes of all of the selected dimensions at the same time.

9. Click the Constrained Dimension tool.10. Click on the Constrained Chain Dimension in the Mode Bar.11. Click on the upper left corner of the Front Boss.12. Click on the upper left corner of the 25.5mm Counter Bore. 13. Without pressing a mouse button, drag the cursor away from the object

and click to place the dimension.

Step 3 - 5

Step 6

Side View Dimensioning

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7Dimensioning

14. Double click on the upper right corner of the 20mm bore. The dimension will be placed automatically. Click on the same point to end the chain.

15. Press the "u" key repeatedly until the Constrained Linear Dimension is highlighted in the Mode bar.ng Exercises Manual 7-21

Note: The "u" key acts as a tab on the Mode bar.16. Next dimension the right upper ear, clicking on the two end points. Use

the Object Info palette to add the trailer, [space](TYP).17. From the File menu select Save.

Step 9 - 13Step 7

Step 15

7-22

Side View DimensioningDimensioningLearning Exercises Manual

S

Learnin 8-1

1

1 88Butterfly Valve Assembly

SET

Exercise

pleting Title Block

ing ting Parts alve Body

ing the ft

rting the ket

ing the hing

ing the ttle Plate g

delines

ing Screw dsg Exercises ManualIn this example we will assemble a butterfly valve using VectorWorks 2D capabilities. We will create the assembly by using the files that are provided in the toolkit.

You may view the complete Assembly file by selecting open>toolkit>Mechanical Engineering>samples>Butterfly Valve>Assembly.mcd from the File menu.

UP

It is important to set up your drawing before beginning to draw. In this exercise we will be using a template.

1. Select New from the File Menu.2. Click the Use Document Template radio button. From

the template pulldown, select ME_Assembly-A2.sta.3. In the View bar, click Fit to Window.4. From the File menu, select Workspaces and then

Mechanical Eng.5. From the Palettes menu, open 2D Tools, Object Info,

Editing, Constraints, and Attributes.6. From the Constraints Palette, click on Snap to Grid,

Snap to Object, Constrain Angle, Snap to Intersection and Smart Points.

7. From the Data Display Bar, select the Classes pulldown choose Classes.The dialog box appears. Notice that there are a number of classes already created in this file.

In this

Comthe

AddExisto V

AddSha

InseGas

DrawBus

DrawThroUsinGui

DrawHea

8-2

SetUpButterfly Valve AssemblyLearning Exercises Manual

8. Double click Solid Line. The edit dialog window appears.

9. Select Solid for both fill and line attributes.This will determine how each valve part will appear on your assembly once placed.There will be times throughout this exercise where you may find the need to change these attributes.

10. Click OK in both dialogs to exit.11. From the File menu select, Save As and name the file BFAssembly.mcd.

Title Block

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8Butterfly Valve Assembly

TITLE BLOCK

We will start by completing the text fields in the Title Block, located in the lower right hand corner of the drawing.ng Exercises Manual 8-3

1. Click the Zoom In tool from the 2D Tool Palette.2. Click and drag a marquee box around the Title Block.3. From the Data Display bar select the Layer pulldown then select Drawing

Border.4. Click the 2D Selection tool.5. Select the Title Block by clicking on it.

Note: Showing at the top of the Title Block is the Part Info Database. We will review this further into the exercise.

6. From the Object Info Palette, click on the Data tab.Note: It is important to remember when working with the Object Info palette, no

matter which tab you select, the palette can display information only about selected objects in your drawing.

Part Info Database

Title Block

8-4

Adding Existing Parts to Valve Butterfly Valve Assembly

7. Select TitleBlockInfo from the Object Name frame.

ADDLearning Exercises Manual

8. Select Title from the Field List, click the cursor in the Editing Pane and type, Assembly. Repeat the same step for each field, typing the following; PartNo: A-0001112, FileName: BFASSEMBLY.MCD, and Date: Enter todays date.

9. Click anywhere on the Object Info Palette to end edit.10. From the File menu, select Save.

ING EXISTING PARTS TO VALVE BODY

Section View Body

We will now go through the complete assembly of the Butterfly valve. This file can be found by selecting File menu> open>toolkit>Mechanical Engineering>Samples>Butterfly Valve>Body.mcd.

1. From the View bar, click the Fit to Window icon.2. From the File menu, open Body.mcd.

This file will open on top of your working file.

Object Name

Editing Pane

Field List

Adding Existing Parts to Valve

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3. From the Data Display bar, click the Layer pulldown and select 2D Drawing.

4. To make the dimension lines invisible, from the Data Display Bar, click the Classes pulldown then select Classes.The Classes dialog appears. You will need to turn off the visibility state ng Exercises Manual 8-5

of Dimension/Text. This will hide all dimensioned and non-solid lines in the file.

5. Click in the column to the left of Dimension/Text and underneath the Invisible diamond symbol.The diamond will be moved to the center column.

6. Click OK.Your dimensioning lines will disappear.

7. Draw a marquee box around the Left Side Body to select.

8. Select Copy from the Edit menu.9. From the File menu, close Body.mcd.

Note: In the "Do you want to Save" dialog click No.

8-6


Your working file will appear.10. Using your mouse, select the center of the drawing area to place the Left

Side Body.11. Select Paste from the Edit menu.Learning Exercises Manual

The body will appear in its selected mode as indicated by the appearance of handles.

12. From the Organize menu, select Group.The shaft components are grouped into one object as indicated by the single set of handles.

Note: You can grab the object by these handles and move anywhere in the drawing area.

13. From File menu, select Save.

Adding the Shaft1. From the File menu open >toolkit>Mechanical

Engineering>Samples>Butterfly Valve>Shaft.mcd.2. Make the following classes invisible as described earlier: Dimension/

Text, Dashed Lines, and Centerlines.This will hide all dimensions and lines other than solid in the file.

3. Using the marquee method, select the Shaft.

4. Select Copy from the Edit menu.5. From the File menu, close Shaft.mcd.

When asked to save changes, click no.Your working file will appear.

6. Using the mouse, select a point under the Body to place the shaft.7. Select Paste from the Edit menu.

The shaft will appear in its selected mode as indicated by the appearance of handles.


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8. From the Organize menu, select Group.The shaft componets are grouped into one object as indicated by the single set of handles.

9. Move the cursor to the point shown below on the shaft. The cursor will change to a large cross and the Center cue will appear. Click and drag the

SeAliwitng Exercises Manual 8-7

shaft placing it into the bore hole in the Body. You will know the shaft is aligned properly by the appearance of the Center cue.

Note: If the shaft appears to be transparent, click on the Fill Style pulldown on the Attributes palette and choose Solid.

lect the Shaft. gn the Center h the bore.

Move the cursor here to move and place the shaft.

8-8


Note: To help in placing the shaft, turn off Snap to Intersection from the Constraints Palette.Learning Exercises Manual


Cover Plate1. From the File menu open, toolkit>Mechanical

Engineering>Samples>Butterfly Valve>Cover Plate.mcd.2. Make the following classes invisible: Dashed Lines, Dimension/Text,

and Center Lines.This will hide all dimensioned and non-solid lines in the file.

3. Using the marquee method, select the side view of the Cover Plate.4. Select Copy from the Edit menu.5. From the File menu, close Cover Plate.mcd.

When asked to save changes, click no.Your working file will appear.

6. Click at any point under the valve body to place the Cover Plate.7. Select Paste from the Edit menu.

The Cover Plate will appear in its selected mode as indicated by the appearance of handles.

8. From the Organize menu, select Group.The Cover Plate componets are grouped into one object as indicated by the handles.


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9. Drag the Cover Plate and align its upper right corner with the point on the Body as shown below.You will know when the Cover Plate is aligned with the plate bore when the Center cue appears.ng Exercises Manual 8-9

10. With the Cover Plate still selected, select Move from the Tool menu.(To add a space for the gasket, you need to move the Cover Plate.)The Move Selection dialog appears.

11. Enter -.5 in the X Offset text box.12. Click OK.

Upper right.

Align upper right corner to here.

8-10


This will add a space between the Cover Plate and Body for the addition of the gasket.Learning Exercises Manual

13. Select the Cover Plate. From the Tool menu, select Send>Send to Back. You may have to repeat this procedure several times before the plate appears behind the shaft.


Inserting the Gasket1. From the 2D Palette, select the Rectangle Tool.

Space between the Cover Plate and Body.


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2. Click on the upper right corner of the Corner Plate, move to the upper left corner of the Counter-Bore in the body.

First click Zoom in area.ng Exercises Manual 8-11

3. Click to end.4. Select the completed rectangle.5. From the Attributes Palette, select the Fill Style pulldown menu, and

select Solid.

Second click.

8-12


Under the Solid pulldown menu, click on Solid Fill Color, select black as the fill color.

Solid Fill, Learning Exercises Manual

6. Click the Ellipse Tool from the 2D Palette.7. Click the Ellipse By Box mode button.

8. Start the ellipse at the upper left hand corner of the O-Ring groove.The rubber band box for the ellipse is shown as you move the cursor.

9. Click to set the ellipse.If the ellipse is sized wrong, select the ellipse. Using the resize handles move the ellipse to fit the complete O-Ring groove.

10. From the Attributes Palette, select the Fill Style menu, and select Solid.

Gasket

Resize ellipse


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Under the Solid pulldown menu, click on Solid Fill Color, select black as the fill color.

11. Click the 2D Mirror Tool from the Edit palette.Note: Make sure the object is selected before using the mirror tool.ng Exercises Manual 8-13

12. Click the Mirror and Duplicate mode button.

13. Create the axis you want to mirror the object on by clicking at the start of the axis. Click the end of the axis. This is an imaginary line representing the mirror axis.VectorWorks will flip the object, placing it on the opposite side of the axis line you drew.

14. Repeat steps 11 - 12 to duplicate the gasket.


Create the axis by clicking at the start and end of an imaginary horizontal line, using the center of the shaft.

Mirrored O-Ring and Gasket.

8-14


Inserting a Flat Head Soc Cap Screw1. From the Design menu, select Fasteners and Hardware>Cap Screws.

The Cap Screws dialog appears.2. Enter the following criteria; Series: Metric, Socket Type: Hexagon, Screw Learning Exercises Manual

Type: Socket Flat Csk Head, Thread Type: Detailed, Dimensions: Size, M4, Length, 15, and View: Front.

3. Click OK.4. Click under the Valve Body to place the screw.


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The screw will appear with selection handles already showing. You will need to rotate the screw.ng Exercises Manual 8-15

5. From the Tool menu, select Rotate>Rotate left 90.This will flip the screw in the right direction to fit into the Valve Body and Cover Plate.

8-16


6. Move the screw into the Cover Plate by selecting the center of the top of the screw head. The Center cue will appear when the screw is aligned properly in the Cover Plate.

7. Click to end.Learning Exercises Manual


Adding the Arm

Since the view we desire is not represented in the sample file you will need to draw the arm from scratch. We obtained the dimensions needed to draw the rectangle from the File menu, open>toolkit>Mechanical Engineering>Samples>Butterfly Valve>Arm.mcd.

1. From the 2D Palette, double click the Rectangle Tool.


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The dialog appears.ng Exercises Manual 8-17

Enter the following dimensions to the text box; Delta x: 12, and Delta y: 28. Select the insertion (or control) point as the center.

2. Click OK.3. Click at any point under the valve body to place the rectangle. Click to

place.The rectangle will appear in its selected mode.

4. From the Attributes palette select Hatch as your fill. Next select the drop down menu under the fill menu and select, General 1.5 x 45. The rectangle will appear with the hatch that is now a part of that object.

8-18


5. Double click the Rectangle Tool from the 2D PaletteThe Create Rectangle dialog appears.

6. Enter the following dimensions to the text box; Delta x: 12, and Delta y: 15. Select the center of the insertion (or control) point.

7. Click OK.Learning Exercises Manual

8. Click the right center of the first rectangle to place the second rectangle. 9. From the Attributes palette, set the fill to solid.10. Click and drag a marquee box around the complete arm to select.11. From the Organize menu select Group.

The two rectangles are now grouped as one object as indicated by the appearance of a single set of handles.

Grouped

Center Right20mm Shoulder


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12. Click the center right of the group and drag it up towards the shaft and place on the center left of the 20mm shoulder, as shown below. Click to end.ng Exercises Manual 8-19

13. To place the arm behind the shaft, from the Tool menu, select Send>Send to Back. You may have to repeat this procedure several times before the arm appears behind the shaft.


Lock Washer1. From the Design menu, select Fasteners and Hardware>Washers.

The Washers dialog appears.

2. Select Helical Spring Lock Washer.3. Click OK.

20 mm Shoulder

8-20


The Helical Spring Lock Washers dialog appears.Learning Exercises Manual

4. Select the following criteria; Type: Metric, Series: Regular, View: Side, and Bolt or Screw Size: M12.

5. Click OK.6. Click at any point under the valve body to place the washer.

The washer will appear with selection handles already showing. You will need to rotate the washer.

Note: If the washer does not appear solid, set the Fill Style to Solid on the Attributes palette.

7. From the Tool menu, select Rotate>Rotate left 90.This will flip the washer in the right direction to fit on the shaft.


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8. Place your cursor at the top center right of the washer. Move the washer over the shaft until it is flush with the arm. You will know the washer is centered when the Center cue appears. Click to end.ng Exercises Manual 8-21


Hex Jam Nut1. From the Design menu select Fasteners and Hardware>Hex Nuts-

Metric.The Nuts-Metric Series dialog appears. Select the following criteria;

Type: Hex Jam, View: Front, and Bolt or Screw Size: M12.Click OK.

2. Click at any point under the valve plate to place the Hex Jam Nut.The Hex Nut will appear with selection handles already showing.

3. From the Tool menu, select Rotate>Rotate left 90.

8-22


This will flip the Hex Nu

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