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Medical Mathematics for the EMS Provider Lesson by Rory Prue Copyright 2008 Return to Main Page
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Medical Mathematics for the EMS ProviderMedical Mathematics for the EMS Provider
Lesson by Rory Prue
Copyright 2008
Lesson by Rory Prue
Copyright 2008
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Lesson TopicsLesson Topics
Reviewing metric system
Calculating drug formulas
Calculating infusion formulas
Calculating drug infusion formulas
Practice samples
Reviewing metric system
Calculating drug formulas
Calculating infusion formulas
Calculating drug infusion formulas
Practice samples
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Lesson ObjectivesLesson Objectives
Review metric system
Define desired dose
Define volume to infuse
Define total concentration
Discuss formulas as a basis for performing drug calculations
Understand basic drug formulas
Review metric system
Define desired dose
Define volume to infuse
Define total concentration
Discuss formulas as a basis for performing drug calculations
Understand basic drug formulas
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Metric SystemMetric System
Three fundamental units Grams—Mass
Meters—Distance
Liters—Volume
Three fundamental units Grams—Mass
Meters—Distance
Liters—Volume
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Conversion between PrefixesMassConversion between PrefixesMass
kilo (kg) 1000
hecto (hg) 100
deka (Dg) 10
gram (g) 1 Base Unit
deci (dg) 1/10 or 0.01
centi (cg) 1/100 or 0.001
milli (mg) 1/1000 or 0.0001
micro (mcg) 1/1,000,000 or 0.000001
kilo (kg) 1000
hecto (hg) 100
deka (Dg) 10
gram (g) 1 Base Unit
deci (dg) 1/10 or 0.01
centi (cg) 1/100 or 0.001
milli (mg) 1/1000 or 0.0001
micro (mcg) 1/1,000,000 or 0.000001
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Conversion between PrefixesLength or DistanceConversion between PrefixesLength or Distance
kilo (km) 1000
hecto (hm) 100
deka (Dm) 10
meter (m) 1 Base Unit
deci (dm) 1/10 or 0.01
centi (cm)1/100 or 0.001
milli (mm)1/1000 or 0.0001
micro (mcm) 1/1,000,000 or 0.000001
kilo (km) 1000
hecto (hm) 100
deka (Dm) 10
meter (m) 1 Base Unit
deci (dm) 1/10 or 0.01
centi (cm)1/100 or 0.001
milli (mm)1/1000 or 0.0001
micro (mcm) 1/1,000,000 or 0.000001
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Conversion between PrefixesVolumeConversion between PrefixesVolume
kilo (kL) 1000
hecto (hL) 100
deka (DL) 10
Liter (L) 1 Base Unit
deci (dL) 1/10 or 0.01
centi (cL) 1/100 or 0.001
milli (mL) 1/1000 or 0.0001
micro (mcL) 1/1,000,000 or 0.000001
kilo (kL) 1000
hecto (hL) 100
deka (DL) 10
Liter (L) 1 Base Unit
deci (dL) 1/10 or 0.01
centi (cL) 1/100 or 0.001
milli (mL) 1/1000 or 0.0001
micro (mcL) 1/1,000,000 or 0.000001
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ConversionsConversions
To go from grams to milligrams move the decimal point to the right 3 spaces.
Convert 2 grams to milligrams
To go from grams to milligrams move the decimal point to the right 3 spaces.
Convert 2 grams to milligrams
2 0 0 0
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ConversionsConversions
Lets convert milliliters to Liters.
3000 mL equals how many Liters?
Lets convert milliliters to Liters.
3000 mL equals how many Liters?
3 0 0 0
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ConversionsConversions
Converting pounds to kilograms
2.2 lbs = 1 kg
Divide the weight in pounds by 2.2
176 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg
124 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 56.4 kg
32 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 14.5 kg
Converting pounds to kilograms
2.2 lbs = 1 kg
Divide the weight in pounds by 2.2
176 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg
124 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 56.4 kg
32 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 14.5 kg
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Desired DoseDesired Dose
Specific quantity of medication needed
Most doses expressed as weight: Grams
Milligrams
Micrograms
May be standard or based on body weight
Specific quantity of medication needed
Most doses expressed as weight: Grams
Milligrams
Micrograms
May be standard or based on body weight
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Dosage and Volume on HandDosage and Volume on Hand
The amount of drug available ina solution.
Concentration is the weight pervolume.
The amount of drug available ina solution.
Concentration is the weight pervolume.
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Administration SetsAdministration Sets
Macro set = 15 or 10 gtt/mL Microdrip = 60 gtt/mL
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Calculating Medication DosesCalculating Medication Doses
Volume to be administered =
Volume on hand x desired dose
Dosage on hand
Volume to be administered =
Volume on hand x desired dose
Dosage on hand
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Example 1 (1 of 2)Example 1 (1 of 2)
A doctor orders 2 mg of Valium to be administered I.V. to a patient experiencing seizures. You have a 5 mL vial that contains 10 mg of Valium. How many milliliters will you draw into the syringe to push into the I.V.?
A doctor orders 2 mg of Valium to be administered I.V. to a patient experiencing seizures. You have a 5 mL vial that contains 10 mg of Valium. How many milliliters will you draw into the syringe to push into the I.V.?
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Example 1 (2 of 2)Example 1 (2 of 2)
Set up the problem:
Order: 2 mg
On hand: 10 mg/5 mL
Set up the problem:
Order: 2 mg
On hand: 10 mg/5 mL
mg
mLmg
10
)5)(2(mL1
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Example 2 (1 of 2)Example 2 (1 of 2)
You are on scene with a pulseless and apneic patient in ventricular fibrillation. The doctor orders 1 mg of epinephrine I.V. The medication comes supplied as 0.1 mg/mL. How many milliliters will you give?
You are on scene with a pulseless and apneic patient in ventricular fibrillation. The doctor orders 1 mg of epinephrine I.V. The medication comes supplied as 0.1 mg/mL. How many milliliters will you give?
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Example 2 (2 of 2)Example 2 (2 of 2)
Set up the problem.
Desired dose: 1 mg
On hand: 0.1 mg/mL
Set up the problem.
Desired dose: 1 mg
On hand: 0.1 mg/mL
mg
mLmg
1.0
)1)(1(mLs10
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Example 3 (1 of 2)Example 3 (1 of 2)
Medical control orders 200 mgs of lidocaine I.V. for your patient in ventricular tachycardia. The prefilled syringe reads “50 mg/mL.” How many milliliters will you administer?
Medical control orders 200 mgs of lidocaine I.V. for your patient in ventricular tachycardia. The prefilled syringe reads “50 mg/mL.” How many milliliters will you administer?
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Example 3 (2 of 2)Example 3 (2 of 2)
Set up the problem:
Desired dose: 200 mg
On hand: 50 mg/mL
Set up the problem:
Desired dose: 200 mg
On hand: 50 mg/mL
mg
mLmg
50
)1)(200(mL4
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Example 4 (1 of 2)Example 4 (1 of 2)
A doctor orders you to give 5 mg/kg of Bretyllium for your 176 lb patient who is in ventricular tachycardia. Bretyllium comes supplied as 500 mg/5 mL.
A doctor orders you to give 5 mg/kg of Bretyllium for your 176 lb patient who is in ventricular tachycardia. Bretyllium comes supplied as 500 mg/5 mL.
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Example 4 (2 of2)Example 4 (2 of2)
Setting up the problem
Desired dose: 5 mg/kg
On hand: 500 mg/5 mL
176 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg 80 x 5 = 400
Setting up the problem
Desired dose: 5 mg/kg
On hand: 500 mg/5 mL
176 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg 80 x 5 = 400
mg
mLmg
500
)5)(400(mL4
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Calculating Infusion RatesCalculating Infusion Rates
Fluid Volume over Time
Drops/minute =
Volume to be administered x drip factor
Time in minutes
Fluid Volume over Time
Drops/minute =
Volume to be administered x drip factor
Time in minutes
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Example 5 (1 of 2)Example 5 (1 of 2)
A doctor orders 200 mL of 0.9% Saline to be administered over 1 hour using a microdrip administration set (60 gtt/mL). How many gtt/min will you run the I.V.?
A doctor orders 200 mL of 0.9% Saline to be administered over 1 hour using a microdrip administration set (60 gtt/mL). How many gtt/min will you run the I.V.?
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Example 5 (2 of 2)Example 5 (2 of 2)
Set up problem
Desired amount: 200 mL
Administration set: microdrip (60 gtt/mL)
Time: 1 hour (60 minutes)
Set up problem
Desired amount: 200 mL
Administration set: microdrip (60 gtt/mL)
Time: 1 hour (60 minutes)
)1.)(min60(
)60)(200(
mL
gttmLmin/200gtt
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Example 6 (1 of 2)Example 6 (1 of 2)
A doctor orders you to run 150 mLs of I.V. fluid over 30 minutes using a macrodrip administration set (10 gtt/mL). How many gtt/minute will you run the I.V.?
A doctor orders you to run 150 mLs of I.V. fluid over 30 minutes using a macrodrip administration set (10 gtt/mL). How many gtt/minute will you run the I.V.?
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Example 6 (2 of 2)Example 6 (2 of 2)
Set up the problem
Desired amount: 150 mL
Administration set: macrodrip (10 gtt/mL)
Time: 30 minutes
Set up the problem
Desired amount: 150 mL
Administration set: macrodrip (10 gtt/mL)
Time: 30 minutes
)1min)(30(
)10)(150(
mL
gttmLmin/50gtt
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Calculating Infusion RatesCalculating Infusion Rates
Medicated Infusions
Drops/minute =
Volume on hand x drip factor x desired dose
Dosage on hand
Medicated Infusions
Drops/minute =
Volume on hand x drip factor x desired dose
Dosage on hand
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Example 7 (1 of 2)Example 7 (1 of 2)
A doctor orders 2 mg per minute of lidocaine to be administered to a patient who was experiencing a dysrhythmia. You have an I.V. that contains 1 gram of lidocaine in 250 mLs. Your administration set is a microdrip set (60 gtt/mL). At how many drops per minute will you adjust your administration set?
A doctor orders 2 mg per minute of lidocaine to be administered to a patient who was experiencing a dysrhythmia. You have an I.V. that contains 1 gram of lidocaine in 250 mLs. Your administration set is a microdrip set (60 gtt/mL). At how many drops per minute will you adjust your administration set?
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Example 7 (2 of 2)Example 7 (2 of 2)
Set up the problem
Desired dose: 2 mg/min
On hand: 1 gram in 250 mL
Administration set: microdrip (60 gtt/mL)
Set up the problem
Desired dose: 2 mg/min
On hand: 1 gram in 250 mL
Administration set: microdrip (60 gtt/mL)
gram
mLgttmg
1
)250)(60)(2(
mg
mLgttmg
1000
)250)(60)(2(min/30gtt
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Sample Problem 1Sample Problem 1
A radio order is received from medical control to administer 10 mg of Valium IV push to your patient experiencing seizures; 5 mg/mL is printed on the vial of Valium. How many milliliters will you administer?
A radio order is received from medical control to administer 10 mg of Valium IV push to your patient experiencing seizures; 5 mg/mL is printed on the vial of Valium. How many milliliters will you administer?
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Sample Problem 2Sample Problem 2
Your patient is exhibiting paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). Vagal maneuvers are ineffective and medical control orders 6 mg of adenosine rapid IV push. The vial reads 3 mg/mL. How many milliliters will you administer?
Your patient is exhibiting paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). Vagal maneuvers are ineffective and medical control orders 6 mg of adenosine rapid IV push. The vial reads 3 mg/mL. How many milliliters will you administer?
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Sample Problem 3Sample Problem 3
A patient’s ventricular fibrillation is refractory to lidocaine and defibrillation attempts. Medical control orders 400 mg of Bretyllium over 1 minute IV. The prefilled syringe reads 50 mg/mL, 10 mL total volume. How many milliliters will you administer?
A patient’s ventricular fibrillation is refractory to lidocaine and defibrillation attempts. Medical control orders 400 mg of Bretyllium over 1 minute IV. The prefilled syringe reads 50 mg/mL, 10 mL total volume. How many milliliters will you administer?
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Sample Problem 4Sample Problem 4
Your 150 lb patient is experiencing multifocal PVCs and complains of chest pain. Your standing orders state to administer 1 mg/kg of lidocaine. The vial reads 100 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters will you administer?
Your 150 lb patient is experiencing multifocal PVCs and complains of chest pain. Your standing orders state to administer 1 mg/kg of lidocaine. The vial reads 100 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters will you administer?
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Sample Problem 5Sample Problem 5The doctor orders 400 mg/min of
dopamine to be administered IV. You have a vial that contains 200 mg of dopamine in 10 mL (200 mg/10 mL). Your ambulance has 250 mL bags of D5W, and you choose a microdrip administration set (60 gtt/mL). At how many drops per minute will you adjust your administration set to drip?
The doctor orders 400 mg/min of dopamine to be administered IV. You have a vial that contains 200 mg of dopamine in 10 mL (200 mg/10 mL). Your ambulance has 250 mL bags of D5W, and you choose a microdrip administration set (60 gtt/mL). At how many drops per minute will you adjust your administration set to drip?
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Sample Problem 6Sample Problem 6
You are ordered to administer an Isuprel drip at 4 mg/min. You are ordered to place 1 mg into a 250 mL bag of D5W. At what rate will you set your microdrip (60 gtt/mL) administration set?
You are ordered to administer an Isuprel drip at 4 mg/min. You are ordered to place 1 mg into a 250 mL bag of D5W. At what rate will you set your microdrip (60 gtt/mL) administration set?
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Sample Problem 7Sample Problem 7
The doctor orders you to start an IV of normal saline to run at 100 mL/hr. You have a microdrip administration set. What is the drip rate?
The doctor orders you to start an IV of normal saline to run at 100 mL/hr. You have a microdrip administration set. What is the drip rate?
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Sample Problem 8Sample Problem 8
Your standing order is to start an IV of normal saline to run at 90 mL/hr. Now you have a macrodrip administration set of 10 gtt/mL. What is the drip rate?
Your standing order is to start an IV of normal saline to run at 90 mL/hr. Now you have a macrodrip administration set of 10 gtt/mL. What is the drip rate?
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Sample Problem 9Sample Problem 9
The order on the patient’s chart in a busy emergency center reads 1500 mL Plasmanate IV over 10 hours. You choose a 15 gtt/mL administration set. What is the drip rate?
The order on the patient’s chart in a busy emergency center reads 1500 mL Plasmanate IV over 10 hours. You choose a 15 gtt/mL administration set. What is the drip rate?
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Sample Problem 10Sample Problem 10
While doing internship hours at the emergency center, you are asked to start an IV of D5W to run at 200 mL/hr. You have a macrodrip set (15 gtt/mL). What is the drip rate?
While doing internship hours at the emergency center, you are asked to start an IV of D5W to run at 200 mL/hr. You have a macrodrip set (15 gtt/mL). What is the drip rate?
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This concludes our lesson on medical mathematics for the EMS Provider.
After you have finished all Sample Problems please email them to the instructor.
This concludes our lesson on medical mathematics for the EMS Provider.
After you have finished all Sample Problems please email them to the instructor.
Email Instructor
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