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James Clark, then Dr. Baly, and, after his untimely death,Dr. Jenner, who had won the confidence of the profession bythe principles he had established. Mr. Spence, of Edinburgh,who was present, being surgeon to her Majesty in Scotland,was called on to reply. Your medical registrar-general, Dr.Farr, who was also present as a guest, being on a northerntour, was likewise duly honoured. As railways will not wait,the conviviality came to a close to the well-known Aberdeentoast of " Bon-Accord, and all parted with the feeling thatthe Association had made a successful start. The Associationis likely to prove a useful one to the profession in the northof Scotland, hitherto without any very comprehensive or-ganization.

Aberdeen, August 8th, 1865.

Medical News.APOTHECARIES’ HALL.-The following gentlemen

passed their examination in the Science and Practice of Medi-oine and received certificates to practise on the 10th inst:-

Leach, John Comyns, Crediton, Devon.Lowndes, Frederick Walter, Southport, Lancashire.

The following gentlemen also on the same day passed theirfirst examination :-

Baron, Thomas, St. Thomas’s Hospital.Hedley, Charles, Guy’s Hospital.Howard, Charles Edward, St. Mary’s Hospital.Wood, Robert, London Hospital.

ROYAL COLLEGES OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS,EDINBURGH : DOUBLE QUALIFICATION. -The following gentle-men passed their final examinations during the recent sittingsof the examiners, and were admitted L.R.C.P. Edin. andL.R.C.S, Edin.:-

Archdall, Thomas Gray, County Fermanagh.Budge, John Tait, Caithness.Buscarlet, Albert, Pau.Campbell, Donald, Perthshire.Coppinger, Albert William, Cork.Cote, Wolfred Nelson, United States.Crabbe, William Thomson, Kirriemuir.Currie, Thomas, Fifeshire.Duguid, William, Elgin.Fletcher, Robert Vicars, Dublin.Gilruth, George Ritchie, Leith.Hill, Matthew, Dublin.Kane, Thomas James, Galway.Kilroy, Philip Le Feuvre, Plymouth. !M’Nutt, William Fletcher, Nova Scotia. IMartin, Thomas Fielding, County Louth. IMoir, John, Edinburgh.Mulcahy, James, Blarney.Reynolds, Emerson James, County Dublin.Tarbolton, Arthur Strickland, Leeds.Veitch, William Young, Durham.Wardle, James Henry, Duckinfield.Waring, Richard Walter, Cavendish.Wilkinson, Hubert Henry, Rotherham.Wilson, Richard Francis, Carlow.Young, David, Perth.

The following gentlemen passed their first professional,examinations:-

Samuel Woodcock, Glossop; Charles Jones, Herefordshire; Colin WilliamMacRury, Invernesi--shire; James Barton Gass, Dumfriesshire; Wm. Oliver,Coleraine; James C. Kerr, Edinburgh; Wm. Benjamin Griffith, Edinburgh;James Mitchell, Kirkcudbright; Bourke Long; Wm. Dyson Wood, Wakefield.

And the following gentlemen passed the preliminary exami-nation in general education and received certificates :-William M. Allan, Newfoundland; Handel Ashworth, Bury, Lancashire ;

C. C. Bonthron, Fifeshire; Edward Carse, Musselburgh; Archibald Chalmers,Musselburgb ; John N. Fleming, Cockermonth; James Gibson, Edinburgh;Alfred Gill, Cumberland; David James Hamilton, Falkirk; W.A. Henderson,Edinburgh; Alexander Innes, Edinburgh; H. S. Kinder, Sale, Manchester;John Macdonald, Edinburgh; R. T. Manson, Heighingoton, Darlington;J. Matthews, Kirkdale, Liverpool; Douglas Menzies, Edinburgh; RobertPairman, Edinburgh; Wm Richardson, Northumberland; George Robinson,Lincolnshire; T. C. Wright, Dormont, Loekerbie.ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, EDINBURGH.-The

following gentlemen passed their final examinations and ob-tained the diploma of the College during the recent sittingsof the examiners:-

Alexander, William, Rathfriland.Barbour, John, England.Boyle, Andrew Allison, Glasgow.Chisholm, William, Roxburghshire.Christison, James, Forfarshire.Compign6, Horatio David Steel, Hampshire.Currie, John, Dunfermline.Gentle, David, Kinross-shire.Hamilton, Thomas, Edinburgh.

Holden, John Sinclair, Belfast.Johnstone, Charles Hazen Leringe, New Brunswiok.Johnston, William, Aberdeen.O’Hare, Thomas, County Down.M’Crystal, Edward, County Derry.Macfee, John, Buteshire.Manley, Henry Cunningham, Lisburn.Smith, David Stewart Hepburn, Louisiana.Strange, Arthur, Ashton-under-Lyne.Thomas, James Byers, India.Turner, Duncan, Argyllshire.Williams, Richard Gilbert, Kinsale.Young, Alexander, Portglennie, Ireland.

And the following gentleman passed his first professionalexaminations :-

William Maekeown, County Derry.

UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN.-The following candi-dates, after the usual examinations, have received Degrees inMedicine and Surgery during the present year :-

THE DEGlt]3E OF M.D.Batt, Edward, Oxfordshire. Lucey, William C., Surrey.Carless, John, Woolwich. Muskett, Edwin B., Norfolk.Evans, John Tasker, Hertford. Seecombe, Thomas, Plymouth.Farquharson, James, Edinburgh. Siddall, Joseph B., Derbyshire.Findlay, George, Keith. Sutcliff; Edward, Surrey.Fowler, James E., Aberdeenshire. Taylor, James, Banffshire.Gage, James Thomas, Aberdeen. Ward, Martindale C., London.Jones, Alfred 0., London.

At the same timeRobert Keith, Thomas Greville Thursfield, andBenjamin Knowles, j Thomas Watt,

were promoted to the degree of M.D.THE DEGREE OF M.B.

Anderson, George H., Aberdeen. Macpherson, John, Huntley.Birnie, William S., New Pitsligo. Milne, Robert M., Dunnottar.Campbell, Alex., Aberdeenshire. Milne, Thomas, Aberdeenshire.Campbell, John Millar, Aberdeen. Mitchell, Alexander G., Rayne.Center, William, Aberdeen. Murray, John, Aberdeen.Colborne, Anthony C., London. Ogston, Alexander, Aberdeen.Dawson, John, Norfolk. Reid, Alex. Campbell, Aberdeen.Duncan, William, Aberdeen. Rodger, James, Aberdeen.Fowler, John Smith, Aberdeen. Rowe, Samuel, London.Galloway, Wm. Walker, Aberdeen. Saunders, Charles E., London.Garvin, George, Columbo, Ceylon. Simpson, John, Kintore.Grant, Alex. Gibb, Aberdeen. Snaith, Francis, Lincolnshire.Gray, Edward, London. Strange, William Heath, Reading.Gray, Alex. Riddoch, Aberdeen. White, Wm. Leavens, Shropshire.Kerr, David A., Aberdeen. Young, David, Perth.King, George, Aberdeen.

THE DEGREE OF C.M.

Anderson, George H. King, George.Campbell, Alexander. Lucey, William C.Campbell, John M. Macpherson, John.Carless, John. Milne, Robert M.Carnegie, John. Milne, Thomas.Center, William. Mitchell, Alex. G.Colborne, Anthony C. Murray, John.Dawson, John. Muskett, Edwin B.Duncan, William. Ogston, Alexander.Evans, John Tasker. Reid, Alexander C.Findlay, George. Rodger, James.Fowler, James E. Rowe, Samuel.Fowler, John Smith. Saunders, Charles E.Gage, James T. Siddall, Joseph B.Galloway, William W. Simpson, John.Garvin, George. Snaith, Francis.Grant, Alex. Gibb. Strange, William H.Gray, Edward. Sutclitl; Edward.Gray, Alex. Riddoch. Ward, Martirdale C.Jones, Alfred 0. White, Wm. Leavens.Kerr, David A. Young, David.

Of the above-mentioned candidates-William Center, Anthony C. Colborne, John Tasker Evans, James T. Gage,

William Walker Galloway, George King, Alex. Ogston, James Rodger,Joseph B. Siddall, Edward Sutcliff, and Martindale C. Ward,

received their degrees in Medicine and Surgery with HighestAcademical Honours; ;George Henry Anderson, James Elsmie Fowler, John S. Fowler, Edwin B.

Muskett, and Charles E. Saunders,received their degrees in Medicine with Academical Honours;and

William DuncanWilliam Duncan

received his degree in Surgery with Academical Honours.Also,Alfred Swaine Lethbridge, Frederick John Wadd, and John White,

were certified as having passed all the examinations, and areentitled to receive degrees on their attaining the necessary age.And at the late graduation term, the following were declared

to have passed part of their examinations :-Edwin Atherstone, Alex. Cameron, James Cameron, James T. Crowden,

Alex. D. Davidson, James Farquhar, John M. Gibbes, Robert Grant, jun.,Robert Grant, sen., John Roubel Gay, Sydney Johnson, Hugh Johnstone,Timothy Lewis, William Macdonald, Andrew A. Macrobin, Alex. H. Mair,Alex. E. M’Rae, Douglas Moil’, David Nicolson, James M. Phillips, EdwinRawson, Alex. Reid, Robert Shiels, John Shives, Arthur Stephen, HerculesScott Traill, Charles James Wills, James Williamson, James Yates.

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ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND. -Dr. Isaac Haysted, lst Battalion, 8th (The King’s) Regiment,has been admitted, by examination, a Fellow of the College.

GOVERNMENT PATRONAGE OF QUACKERY. - Duringthe past year our paternal Government has received£ 55,333 Os. 4½d. for duty on quack medicines.NEW MEDICAL CORONER.-Dr. R. F. Dill has been

elected coroner for the Borough of Belfast; he was opposed bya lawyer, who, however, obtained only seven votes out oftwenty-five.THE BIOGRAPHICAL CONFERENCES AT THE FACULTY

OF PARIS.-For some time past, one of these has been heldevery week by assistant-professors, who succeeded each otherin the task. The course has just been closed by M. Broca,who had chosen Celsus as the subject of his conference.

CHARING-CROSS HOSPITAL COLLEGE OF MEDICINE.-The annual distribution of the prizes took place on Thursday,July 20th. The following gentlemen were the sucessful can-didates :-Anatomy : Silver Medal, Mr. J. K. Hyde; FirstCertificate, Mr. J. A. Hayden; second ditto, Mr. F. Howse;third ditto, Mr. G. Airey; Bronze Medal, Mr. Wm. Powell ;First Certificate, Mr. F. B. Besley; second ditto, Mr. A. H.Buck ; third ditto, Mr. R. Bayley. Chemistry : Certificate,Mr. Powell. Surgery: Silver Medal, Mr. 0. W. Berry;Bronze Medal, Mr. Bayley; Certificate and Book, Mr. RobertAlcock. Physiology : Silver Medal, Mr. F. Howse; Certifi-cates, Mr. W. W. Jones and Mr. White ; Bronze Medal, Mr.A. H. Buck. Medicine : First Certificate, Mr. S. S. White.Materia Medica : Silver Medal, Mr. S. S. White ; Certificate,Mr. M. Jones. Botany: Silver Medal, Mr. S. S. White; FirstCertificate, Mr. M. Jones; second ditto, Mr. E. Sandwell.Midwifery: Silver Medal, Mr. W. G. Sutcliffe ; First Cer-tificate, Mr. R. Y. V. Packman; second ditto, Mr. J. L.Davis. Forensic Medicine: Silver Medal, Mr. J. L. Davis.Practice of Chemistry: First Certificate, Mr. C. W. Calthrop ;second ditto, Mr. C. Barlow.A FOSSIL MAN has been dug up in a bed of drift

between Veyziat and Oyonnax, near Nantua (Ain). The bodywas found in an inverted posture, but the bones did notadhere together, but were brought out one by one. Thematter will probably be brought before the Academy of Sciences. -Abeille du Bugey. ANCIENT ROMAN AQUEDUCTS MADE USEFUL TO

CONVEY WATER TO MODERN CITIES.-For some time pastthe town of Rodez, in the South of France, has been very illsupplied with water ; and it struck some archaeologists thatthe remains of a Roman aqueduct might be taken advantageof to convey the waters of the river Vors to the town. Theauthorities have had many obstacles to surmount, but were atlast enabled to carry out the scheme. Rodez has now, thanksto former conquerors, a large supply of water.THE RETURNS OF MARRIAGES in England for the

year 1863, just published, show twenty marriages betweenpersons who had been placed en disponibilité by the DivorceCourt. Two men above eighty years of age married womenunder thirty-five-a girl of sixteen was married to a man aboveseventy. A man of ninety-two married a woman of eighty-one. Thirty girls under sixteen, and two hundred and twenty-eight under seventeen became wives. Six boys of sixteenwere married to women older than themselves. One hundredand seventy-seven men and forty-two women about seventy,and three men above eighty, took unto themselves partnersfor what little of life remained to them.

INVESTIGATIONS UNDERTAKEN TO PROVE THAT THEELECTRIC CONDITION OF MINERAL WATERS IS THE PRIN-CIPAL CAUSE OF THEIR ACTIVITY.-M. Scoutetten has of lateworked very hard to prove the above proposition, and haspublished several accounts of his researches in the Frenchmedical papers. To give these researches some authenticity,M. Scoutetten repeated his experiments, a short time ago,at Mont Dore, a watering-place in Auvergne, under the eye ofa. distinguished medical committee, whose report is inserted

in L’ Union Médicale of the 25th of July. The author states,in his introduction, that his researches throw a new light onthe question ; they prove that the waters, when emergingfrom the soil, are in an exceptionally active condition, that achemical action productive of electrical phenomena is goingon; and that to this cause the general effects of mineral waters

are to be attributed." The experiments undertaken beforethe committee alluded to above, have proved-1. That theplatinum electrodes, placed in ordinary water contained in aglass or china vessel, are not affected by even a trace ofdynamic electricity; and that the needle of Nobili’sgalvanometerremained motionless. 2. That the same experiment, performedwith mineral water, immediately caused a considerable deviationof the needle. 3. That the same mineral water was examinedin a like manner at various periods after collecting the waterat the spring, and at different degrees of temperature, it beingfound that the elevation of the temperature sensibly increasesthe electrical manifestations; that the latter become weaker,on the contrary, the later the water is examined after emergingfrom the spring, which peculiarity is easily explained by thediminution and subsequent cessation of chemical action.Another experiment has shown that the immersion of only aportion of the human frame in mineral water is sufficientinstantly to give rise to electrical phenomena, which are ren-dered manifest by the deviation of the needle. This importantfact explains the exciting qualities of mineral waters, whichqualities may be so powerful as to induce a feverish statein the individual acted upon. This property exists in allmineral waters, but in different degrees, regulated by theactivity of the chemical combinations. This electrical actioncures diseases by strengthening weakened organisms, whichdiseases are apparently widely different, but are neverthelessmerely local manifestations of a general morbid state. Itshould be added that several experiments were undertakenwith gold leaves, so as to prove that statical electricity doesnot exist in mineral waters. The latter have also been triedmixed with milk or syrup, and it was found that this mixturesensibly lessens the active properties of the waters.A HANDSOME TESTIMONIAL, consisting of a splendid

silver salver, which bore the arms of the recipient and an ap-propriate inscription, was presented to Dr. Egerton J. Hall, ofHenley-in-Arden, on his leaving that place to enter upon a,practice at Prescot, near Liverpool. It was the gift of a fewfriends and patients as a token of their esteem of his profes-sional skill and unvarying kindness during his four years’ resi-dence in Henley.NEWCASTLE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE.-At the recent

annual meeting the following gentlemen were elected theCouncil of Management for the ensuing year:-President: theRev. C. T. Whitley, M.A. Registrar: Denis Embleton,M.D., F.R.C.P. Treasurer: T. Humble, M.D., M.R.C.P.Secretaries: G. H. Philipson, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.P.; Ed-ward Charlton, M. D., and William Murray, M.D., M. R. C. P.

MEDICAL APPOINTMENTS.F. H. APPLEBY, M.R.C.S.E., has been elected House-Surgeon to the Newark-

on-Trent Dispensary and Hospital, vice T. H. Barnes, 31.D., resigned.F. ARMSTRONG, M.D., has been appointed Medical Officer for the Appleby

District of the East Ward Union, Westmoreland, vice F. M. Dinwoodie,L.R.C.S.Ed., deceased.

W. S. CauRcH, M.B., has been elected Assistant-Physician to the City ofLondon Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, Victoria-park.

G. H. C. COOPER, M.R.C.S.E., has been appointed Surgeon to the Hollowayand North Islington Dispensary.

W. CEiBB, M.R.C.S.E., has been elected Assistant Medical Officer for the-Workhouse and Infirmary of the Parishes of St. Giles and St. George,Bloomsbury, vice J. W. Craig, M.D., resigned.

J. H. DAVIDSON, M.D., has been appointed Assistant Medical Officer at th&Birmingham Borough Lunatic Asylum.

J. G. DUDLEY, M.D., has been appointed Physician to the Surrey Dispensary,Great Dover-road, vice E. Head, M.B., resigned.

A. DUNCAN, B.A., has been elected Librarian and Secretary to the Faculty ofPhysicians and Surgeons of Glasgow.

S. FENWICK, M.D., has been elected Assistant-Physician to the City ofLondon Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, vice R. Southey, M.B.,resigned.

H. D’O. FOOTE, M.D., has been appointed District Medical Officer for theRotherham Union, vice Dr. Hardwicke, resigned.

A. C. Gii3sox, M.R.C.S.E., has been elected Medical Officer and Public Vac-cinator for the Bebington District of the Wirral Union, Cheshire, vice-R. E. Gorst, L.S.A., resigned.

Mr. H. B. JoNES has been appointed Dispenser to the Dispensary, Newport,Monmouthshire, vice Mr. J. W. Jukes, resigned.

Dr. J. M ’CORMACK has been elected Acting Apothecary to the Cork FeverHospital.

W. N. MARSHALL, M.R.C.S.E., has been appointed Medical Officer and PublicVaccinator for the No. 2 District of the Mere Union, Wilts, vice A. J. J.Chitty, M.R.C.S.E., resigned.

T. MORRIS, jun., M.D., has been appointed Certifying Surgeon under theFactory Acts for the Town of Ashby-de-Ia-Zouche and neighbourhood.

C. B. PARKiNSON, M.R.C.S.E., has been elected Medical Officer and PublicVaccinator for District No. 1 of the Wimborne and Cranbourne Union,Dorsetshire, vice F. J. W. Packman, M.D., resigned.

W. L. PuRvEs, M.D., has been elected Medical Officer and Public Vaccinatorfor the Parish of Kinglassie, Fifeshire. Dr. Purves has also beenelected joint Medical Officer and Public Vaccinator for the Parish ofLeslie, Fifeshire.

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J. D. ROWLANDS, M.R.C.S.E., has been elected House-Surgeon to the Car-marthenshire Infirmary, Carmarthen, vice D. Lloyd, M.R.C.S.E., re-

signed, and appointed Medical Officer and Public Vaccinator for Dis-trict No. 1 and the Workhouse of the Carmarthen Union.

J. B. SIDDALL,M.D., has been appointed House-Surgeon to the BlackburnInfirmary, vice J. H. Wraith, M.R.C.S.E., resigned.

H. F. SMITH, M.B., has been elected Accouclieur to St. George’s and St.James’s Dispensary, King-street, Regent-street, vice E. E. Day, M.B.C.P.L.,deceased.

W. STANFIELD, M.D., has been appointed Medical Officer for District No. 11of the Ashton-under-Lyne Union, vice J. T. Barrett, M.RC.P.Ed., de-ceased.

-

MILITARY AND NAVAL MEDICAL APPOINTMENTS.

A. ARMSTRONG, M.D., Deputy Inspector-General of Hospitals and Fleets,has been appointed Deputy Inspector of Royal Marines at Chatham,vice Kinnear, superseded.

J. W. ASHFORD, M.R.C.S.E., Assist.-Surgeon R.N., has been appointed to the" Tyrian."

J. COATES, M.D., Surgeon 26th Foot, has been appointed Surgeon to the 24thFoot, vice Gamble, M.D., who has exchanged. ,

J. P. COURTENAY, L.K.Q.C.P.I., Assist.-Surg. R.N., has been appointed to ithe Princess Royal" (additional).

F. EGAN, L.R.C.S.I., Assist.-Surgeon R.N., has been appointed to the "Cum-berland" (additional).

F. F. FLrNN, M.B., Assist.-Surg. R.N., has been appointed to the "Victory"for Haslar Hospital.

R. GAMBLE, M.D., Surg.-Major 24th Foot, has been appointed Surgeon tothe 26th Foot, vice Coates, who has exchanged.

H. Huisir, M.D., Staff Surgeon Army, has been appointed Surgeon to the3rd Hussars, vice Mackenzie, M.D., who has exchanged.

J. KING, L.R.C.S.Ed., Staff Surgeon R.N., has been appointed to ChathamDockyard, vice Gunn, retired.

P. KYNOCK, L.R.C.P.Ed., has been appointed Hon. Assist.-Surgeon to the4th Berwickshire Rifle Volunteer Corps, vice Robertson, resigned.

L. LpCAS, L.R.C.S.I., Assist.-Surgeon R.N., has been appointed to the"Princess Royal" (additional).

T, W. M’DONALD, F.R.C.S.E., Deputy Inspector-General of Hospitals andFleets, has been promoted to the rank of Inspector-General of Hospitalsand Fleets on the retired list.

H. MAXWELL, M.D., has been confirmed to the rank of Surgeon R.N.W. 0. MACKENZIE, M.D., Surg.-Major from the 3rd Hussars, has been ap-

pointed Staff Surg.-Major, vice Huish, M.D., who has exchanged.R. PURVES, L.R.C.S.Ed., Assist.-Surgeon R.N., has been appointed to the

"Princess Royal" (additional).

Births, Marriages, and Deaths.BIRTHS.

On the 16th of June, at Coimbatore, Madras Presidency, the wife of WilliamFarquhar Davis, M.D., H.M.’s Indian Army, of a son.

Dn the 2nd inst., at Rye-lane, Peckham, the wife of Dr. Blomfield, of a son.On the 5th inst., at Birkwood, Kineardineshire, the wife of A. Paterson,

M.D., of a son.On the 5th inst., at Path House, Banff, the wife of Dr. Hayes, of a son.On the 5th inst., at Ayr, the wife of Dr. D. Whigham, of a son.On the 5th inst., the wife of W. E. Robbs, M.B., of Stamford; of a son.On the 6th inst., at Belfast, the wife of Dr. Allen, of Gordon-street, Gordon-

square, of a daughter.On the 8th inst., at the South Camp, Aldershot, the wife of F. Fernandez,

Army Medical Staff, of a daughter.On the 9th inst., at Coatbridge, Lanarkshire, the wife of R. Munro, L.F.P. & S.

Glas., of a son.On the 9th inst., at Warwick-street, Regent-street, the wife of G. F. Keys,

F.R.C.S.E., of a daughter.On the llth inst., at Haslar, Gosport, the wife of Dr. David Deas, C.B.,

Inspector-General of Hospitals and Fleets, of a daughter.On the llth inst., at Weston.super-Mare, the wife of Edward E. Earle,

M.R.C.S.E., of a daughter.40n the 12th inst., at Farnworth, Lancashire, the wife of Dr. J. F. Clarke, of

a son.On the 13th inst., at Abbotsford-place, Glasgow, the wife of A. L. Kelly,

M.D., of a son. -

MARRIAGES.own the’ 1st inst., at the Parish Church, Walsall, Alfred James Harrison,

M.B., of Walsall, third son of Thos. L. Harrison, Esq., of Belper, toSelina, youngest daughter of George Bradnock Stubbs, Esq., of Walsall.-No Cards.

On the 9th inst., at Martyr-Wortley, R. B. Painter, M.D., of Beaufort-gardens, South Kensington, to Frances, daughter of the late B. Whitear,Esq.

On the 10th inst., at Chessington Church, Frederick William Headland,M.D., F.R.C.P., to Fanny, second daughter of Frederic Kelly, Esq., ofBedford-square and Chessington Lodge, Surrey.-No Cards sent.

DEATHS.On the 27th of June, Dr. W. H. Clayton, of Carrolton, Carrol County, Ken-

tucky, formerly of Chipping-Campden, Gloucestershire, aged 59.On the 8th ult., at Kilpank, Madras, Ellen Julia Anne, the wife of John

Shortt, M.D., General Superintendent of Vaccination (late Zillah Sur-geon, Chingleput), aged 22 years and 7 months.

On the 1st inst., J. A. Young, L.R.C.S.I., eldest son of the late T. Young,M.D., Surgeon Royal Artillery.

On the 3rd inst., at Wexford, R. C. Crean, L.R.C.S.I., Asaist.-Surgeon RoyalArtillery.

On the 6th inst., J. H. Maryan, Surgeon, of Waltham, Leicestershire, aged 77.On the 14th inst., at Over Darwen, Lancashire, Samuel Hope Wraith,

F.R.C.S.E., and one of H.M.’s. Justices of the Peace for the county,aged 49.

BOOKS ETC. RECEIVED.

Dr. Davis on Parturition.Dr. Foster on Gastric Ulcer.Dr. Emmet on Procidentia.Gastaldi on Pre-Historic Remains in Italy.Mr. W. Galloway on Reflex Paralysis.Dr. Braithwaite on the Death-rate in Leeds.Dr. Trench on the Health of Liverpool.Dr. Nittinger’s Testament der Natur.Hecker’s Die grossen Volkskrankheiten des Mittelalters.Dr. Sutro on the German Mineral Waters.Dr. B. de Boismont du Suicide et de la Folie Suicide.Dr. Feigneaux des Secours Volontaires en Temps de Guerre.Dr. A. Vée sur la Feve du Calabar.Dr. Shinkwin on Hydrophobia.Dr. Sheppard on Bathing.Dr. Daubeny on the Climate of San Remo.

ARMY MEDICAL SCHOOL.

THE following questions were submitted at the examination at the close ofthe tenth session of the Army Medical School, Royal Victoria Hospital,Netley, between July 31st and August 5th, 1865:- _

A.-WRITTEN QUESTIONS.I. Military Hygiene (Professor E. A. PARKES, M.D., F.R.S.)

1. What amount of sickness does a regiment on home service usually fur-nish Supposing this sickness to be in excess, and to be in the form prin-cipally of dyspeptic and diarrhœal complaints with occasional cases of typhoidfever, and that you attribute this to something wrong in the barracks, whatpoints would you particularly investigate, and how would you investigatethem ?

2. What has been the medical history of the white troops serving inJamaica ? Supposing the diseases which formerly caused mortality to return,what preventive measures would you adopt ?

3. What are the weights carried by the British infantry soldier? How maythese affect his health ? What amount of daily exercise ought a healthy adultof the soldier’s age to do, and what is the extreme amount of work which hemay be called upon to do ? What amount and kind of food would you give,

a, under ordinary circumstances,b, when men are undergoing excessive fatigue, as in war?

II. Pathology (Professor W. AITKEN, M.D.)1. Give an account of the appearances seen on examination of the body

after death in cases of acitte dysentery, and describe how the characters andextent of the lesions may be modified by the influences of certain dieteticcauses of ill-health (cachexia). State the place which dysentery holds in theclassification of diseases you are directed to follow in the Army MedicalRegulations.

2. Describe the anatomical characters of amyloid degeneration, as youhave seen this degeneration in the kidney, the liver, and the intestines. Give the composition of the test solution used to determine the presence of thedegeneration.

3. Describe the prominent lesions seen at the post-mortem examinationof -, who died July 12th, 1865, and whose body was examined on thefollowing day. He had completed ten years of service, and had served inMalta one year, in Bengal three years, and the remaining period in England.He had suffered from ophthalmia at Malta, from erysipelas and remittentfever in Bengal, followed by ulcers on the legs, for which he was invalided,after suffering from them for five years. These ulcers occasionally healedup. He was admitted into the hospital on June 27th, 1865, with open ulcerson the lower extremities, and on the 2nd July (the fifth day after admission)he was seized with shivering. Two days after this shivering he complainedof pain on micturition, and great pains referred to the perineum. He passedhis urine with difficulty. There was no history of stricture. The urine

passed was turbid, and contained both pus and albumen. The symptomsduring the termination of the case indicated septicaemia, with evidence of anabscess in the region of the neck of the bladder. The case terminated fatallyon the 12th July, ten days after the shivering.The points requiring your attention are as follows :-

What were the nature and condition of the ulcers ?What the condition of the femoral veins ? Of each kidney,Of the bladder and surrounding parts, andOf the lungs and pulmonary vessels ?

And, lastly, give an account of the pathology of the case, the probableimmediate cause of death, and connect the lesions seen in postmortem exa-mination with the indications of disease during life.

III. Military Surgery (Professor T. LONGMORE.)1. You are required to record in your case-book a full report of the case of

an invalided soldier who has recovered from a gunshot wound of the chest.To what circumstances in the history of the case, and to what physicalobservations of the patient before you, would you chiefly direct your inquirieswith a view to determine what the true nature of the injury has been-whether a non-penetrating or penetrating wound of the cavity, and, if thelatter, whether accompanied or unaccompanied with a wound of the lung ?

2, Describe and explain the different conditions of vision which follow theuse of atropine when employed so as to produce paralysis of the accommo-datory function, according as the eyes thus acted upon are emmetropic,myopic, or hypermetropic.

3. To what causes may pyæmia be usually traced when it occurs in fieldhospitals, and what precautions should be taken to prevent its occurrence ?

IV. Military Medicine (Professor W. C. MACLEAN, M.D.)1. Give the best sketch you can of the influence of military life on the

health of the British soldier in India, drawing your illustrations from what