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Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

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Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements. What we will cover. Content Objectives Students will be able to gain a better understanding and application of medical terminology in relation to Anatomical Planes, Directions and Movements. Language Objectives - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements
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Page 1: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

MedicalTerminologyAnatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Page 2: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

What we will cover...Content Objectives• Students will be able to gain a better understanding and

application of medical terminology in relation to Anatomical Planes, Directions and Movements.

Language Objectives• Students will be able to define basic anatomical terms and apply

those terms when dissecting. • Students will be able to compare and contrast the differences

between directional terms and terms associated with movement.

Page 3: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Anatomical Terms Worksheet

Page 4: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

History• During the Renaissance (“Rebirth”) the study of human

life and medicine began to flourish.• Scientist, Doctors and Artist would experiment and

practice on the dead and incarcerated.• Cadavers were positioned flat on their backs, thus making

it easier to draw and reference from that position.

• Many artist such as Leonardo da Vinci began to study, draw and diagram the human body.

Page 5: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Anatomical Position• Standing erect, with palms and feet

facing forward• Is the standard reference point in

which all positions, movements, and planes are described

Page 6: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and Directions

Terms of position and direction describe the position of one body part relative to another, usually along one of the three

major body planes

Page 7: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and Directions

Superior• Refers to a structure being

closer to the head or higher than another structure in the body

Inferior• Refers to a structure being

closer to the feet or lower than another structure in the body

Page 8: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and Directions

Anterior• Refers to a structure being

more in front than another structure in the body

Posterior• Refers to a structure being

more in back than another structure in the body

Page 9: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and Directions

Medial• Refers to a structure being

closer to the midline or median plane of the body than another structure of the body

Lateral• Refers to a structure being

farther away from the midline than another structure of the body

Page 10: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and Directions

Distal (Reference to the extremities only)• Refers to a structure being

further away from the root of the limb than another structure in the limb

Proximal (Reference to the extremities only)• Refers to a structure being

closer to the root of the limb than another structure in that limb

Page 11: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Distal / Proximal Cont.

• When you divide the skeleton into Axial (Blue) and Appendicular (Yellow) you can better understand the extremities and their roots.

ProximalDistal

Page 12: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and Directions

Superficial• Refers to a structure being

closer to the surface of the body than another structure

Deep• Refers to a structure being

closer to the core of the body than another structure

Page 13: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and Directions

Ventral• Towards the front or belly

• You Vent out or your nose and mouth.

Dorsal• Towards the back

• Like the Dorsal fin of a dolphin.

Page 14: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Positions and DirectionsProne• Lying face down

• Like a Pro Baseball player sliding into Home.

Supine• Lying face up

• Lying on your spine and you can have soup poured into your mouth.

Unilateral• Pertaining to one side of the body

Bilateral• Pertaining to both sides of the body

Page 15: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Anatomical Planes• Fixed lines of reference

along which the body is often divided or sectioned to facilitate viewing of its structures

• Allow one to obtain a three-dimensional perspective by studying the body from different views

Page 16: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Anatomical Planes Sagittal plane

• The plane dividing the body into right and left portions

• Midsagittal or median are names for the plane dividing the body into equal right and left halves

Page 17: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Anatomical Planes Frontal plane

• The plane dividing the body into front and back portions

• Also called the Coronal plane

Page 18: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Anatomical Planes Transverse plane

• The horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions

• Also called the Horizontal plane

Page 19: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Gummy

Bear

Dissection

LAB1. Cadaver Bear

2. Dissecting Tray

3. Scalpel

Page 20: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Movements• Flexion• Extension• Hyperextension• Adduction• Abduction• Prontaion• Supination• Retraction• Protraction• Elevation• Depression• Rotation• Circumduction• External Rotation• Internal Rotation• Inversion• Eversion• Dorsiflexion• Plantarflexion• Radial Deviation• Ulnar Deviation• Opposition

Page 21: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

MovementsFlexion• Bending a joint or decreasing the

angle between two bones• In the Fetal Position we are flexing our joints

Extension• Straightening a joint or increasing

the angle between two bones• In the Anatomical Position we are extending our joints

Hyperextension• Excessive extension of the parts at

a joint beyond anatomical position.

Page 22: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Flexion / Extension / Hyperextension

Page 23: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

MovementsAdduction• Moving a body part towards the

midline of the body

Abduction• Moving a body part away from the

midline of the body

Page 24: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

MovementsPronation• Turning the arm or foot

downward• (palm or sole of the foot -

down)• Prone

Supination• Turning the arm or foot

upward• (palm or sole of the foot - up)

• Supine

Page 25: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

MovementsRetraction• Moving a part backward

Protraction• Moving a part forward

Elevation• Raising a part

Depression• Lowering a part

Page 26: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

MovementsRotation• Turning on a single axis

Circumduction• Tri-planar, circular motion

at the hip or shoulder

Internal rotation• Rotation of the hip or

shoulder toward the midline

External rotation• Rotation of the hip or

shoulder away from the midline

Page 27: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

MovementsLateral Flexion• Side-bending left or right

Page 28: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Movements of the FootInversion• Turning the sole of the foot

inward

Eversion• Turning the sole of the foot

outward

Dorsiflexion• Ankle movement bringing

the foot towards the shin

Plantarflexion• Ankle movement pointing

the foot downward

Page 29: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Movements of the Wrist & ThumbRadial Deviation• Movement of the wrist towards

the radius or lateral side.

Ulnar Deviation• Movement of the wrist towards

the ulna or medial side.

Opposition• Movement of the thumb across

the palm of the hand.

Page 30: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Additional Range of Motion

Page 31: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

QUIZ

Page 32: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

1. Hip __________________________2. Hip __________________________3. Hip __________________________

Knee ________________________ Ankle ________________________

4. Wrist _________________________ (a) __________________________ (b) __________________________

5. Hip __________________________ Knee ________________________ Ankle ________________________

6. Forearm (a) ___________________ Forearm (b) ___________________

7. Shoulder ______________________8. Shoulder ______________________9. Jaw __________________________10. Shoulder ______________________

1. Hip _Abduction_________________2. Hip _Adduction_________________3. Hip _Flexion___________________

Knee _Extension________________ Ankle _Plantarflexion____________

4. Wrist _Extension________________ (a) _Hyperextension_____________ (b) _Flexion____________________

5. Hip _Flexion___________________ Knee _Flexion__________________ Ankle _Dorsiflexion______________

6. Forearm (a) _Supination__________ Forearm (b) _Pronation__________

7. Shoulder _Circumduction_________8. Shoulder _Elevation_____________9. Jaw _Protraction________________10. Shoulder _Rotation______________

Range of Motion

Page 33: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Regional Terms

Page 34: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements
Page 35: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements
Page 36: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

Word Association Activity

Page 37: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements
Page 38: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements
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Page 40: Medical Terminology Anatomical Position, Directional Terms and Movements

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