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McfnanhcNh Qbancv~ MNQTcbtoc/ Tivnchvq ihfTbtsoivnbh ‑ Lnq`s T

 

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Uccl 9

Ctnfcmnbobe~; ¤qvsf~ bg `ciov`-cwchvq/ `ciov`-a`iziavcznqvnaq bz `ciov`-fcvczmnhihv

tivvczhq nh i tbtsoivnbh

• Ysihvnvivnwc qvsf~ sqcf vb tzbwnfc nhgbzmivnbh vb fbavbzq ijbsv abqv/

cggcavnwchcqq/ qnfc cggcavq

Jc`iwnbzio Mcfnanhc" @ciov` T`~abobe~;

- Jnbobenaio/ t`~qnbobenaio/ chwnzbhmchvio , asovszio nhgoschacq nhwbowcf nh v`c

t`~qnaio `ciov` ihf v`c tzcwchvnbh bg noohcqq

Jnb-tq~a`b-qbanio Mbfco (Ebggmih 9>71.; jnbobenaio/ tq~a`bobenaio ihf qbanio giavbzq

toi~ i zboc

Jnbmcfnaio Mbfco; nqboivcf jbf~ ihf tczqbh/ qbanio aisqcq bg fnqciqc hceocavcf/ hccf

tq~a`bobe~ mbzc v`ih qanchac

Qvnemivn{nhe Abhfnvnbh; abhfnvnbh v`iv qcvq tbqqcqqbzq itizv gzbm bv`czq v`iv mizl v`cm

qbanioo~ shiaactvijoc"nhgcznbz 

Fnqazcfnvnhe ‑ bjwnbsq vb bv`czq

Fnqazcfnvijoc ‑ zcoivnwco~ `nffch

Abszvcq~ Qvnemi; gimno~ mcmjczq cptcznchac qvnemi jcaisqc bg iggnonivnbh

Uccl :

Mikbz fcvczmnhihvq bg `ciov`;

U@B; ‟I qvivc bg abmtocvc t`~qnaio/ mchvio ihf qbanio ucoo-jcnhe/ ihf hbv mczco~ v`c

ijqchac bg fnqciqc bz nhgnzmnv~”

 Ili; i qvivc bg ucoo jcnhe abhgbzmnhe vb v`c nfcioq bg v`c tzcwinonhe asovszc

Fcvczmnhihvq ;

Jnbobenaio Iec/ Qcp/ Echcvnaq

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Ongcqv~oc Qmblnhe/ Hsvznvnbh/ Ioab`bo/ Cpczanqc/ Fzseq

Miohsvznvnbh; aisqc bg a`nof`bbf fciv`q nh fcwcobtnhe abshvzncq

Bwcz- Hsvznvnbh; Bjcqnv~/ fnijcvcq/ `cizv fnqciqc

Chwnzbhmchv

T`~qnab-a`cmnaio ; inz/ uivcz/ zifnivnbh

Jnbobenaio ; mnazbjcq

Qbanbcabhbmna ihf Qbanbtbonvnaio ; cmtob~mchv/ cfsaivnbh/ tbonvnaio qvij

@ciov` Qczwnac nhazciqcf `q = fcazciqc nh nhgcavnbh fnqciqc u`czciq aonhnaio

mcfnanhc toi~cf i qmioocz zboc v`ih hsvznvnbh/ `~enchc cva

Ce ; vsjczabobqnq/ mciqocq/ tbonb/ qmiootbp iombqv czifnaivcf

Aonhnaio mcfnanhc;

Tzcwchv fciv`; iasvc cmczechancq/ tzcwchv fnqciqc

Nmtzbwc ochev` ihf ysionv~ bg givio abhfnv; ce aihacz 

Nmtzbwc ysionv~ bg ongc; ce nhgczvnonv~

Aizc; ce mchvioo~ noo

Tzcwchv ihf vzciv echcvna fnqbzfczq; ce Fbuhq

Bvviui a`izvcz (07. ;”v`c gshfimchvio abhfnvnbhq ihf zcqbszacq gbz `ciov` izc tciac/

q`covcz/ cfsaivnbh/ gbbf/ nhabmc/ i qvijoc cab-q~qvcm/ qsqvinhijoc zcqbszacq/ qbanio

 ksqvnac ihf cysnv~”

Mciqsznhe @ciov` ihf Fnqciqc;

@bu aisqc bg fciv` `iq A`ihecf (:44~zq. ;

- Nhgcavnbsq fnqciqcq/ cqtcanioo~ nh ~bshe a`nofzch (?3./ Nhksz~ ihf Tbnqbhnhe

- Hbu Aihacz/ Aizanbwiqasoiz Fnqciqc (`cizv , osheq. nh bofcz tcbtoc

Vca`hnyscq sqcf vb mciqszc noo `ciov`;

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- Achqsq/ Fciv` Aczvngnaivnbh/ @ciov` Qszwc~ gbz Cheoihf (@QC./ ET zcqciza`

Fivijiqc/ mih~ bv`cz qszwc~q bz isfnvq

9 @QC; ihhsio qszwcz~ (>4./ qcog zctbzvcf/ bhonhc/ v`cmc cia` ~ciz 

: Echczio Ongcqv~oc Qszwc~; qimtoc/ cmtob~mchv/ cfsaivnbh/ vziqht cva

1 @bqtnvio Ctnqbfc Qvivnqvnaq (0>.; ifmnqqnbhq vb H@Q `bqt/ fniehbqnq/

btczivnbh/ echfcz/ ecbezit`naio nhgb

6 Echczio Tziavnac Zcqciza` Fivijiqc; gzbm et/ sqcf gbz vzcivmchv qvsfncq/

fzse svnon{ivnbh/ aonhnaio zcqciza` toihhnhe

3 Mbzvionv~ fivi; fciv` mi~ jc fsc vb mih~ noohcqqcq/ qbmc izc obhe vczm

noohcqqcq cva fnijcvcq fbcqh„v fnzcavo~ aisqc fciv`

Tbtsoivnbh T~zimnf; fcwcobtnhe `iwc mbzc ~bshecz/ fcwcobtcf mbzc cysio ioobwcz/ ihf

`iwc cofczo~

Nhanfchac; Abshv bg hcu aiqcq bwcz i tcznbf bg vnmc nh i tbtsoivnbh bg lhbuh qn{c

(fcgnhcf j~ toiac ihf vnmc jbshfizncq. = p"944 444 tbtsoivnbh tcz ~ciz 

Tzcwiochac; abshv bg aiqcq (bof ihf hcu. iv i tbnhv nh vnmc nh i tbtsoivnbh bg lhbu qn{c

(fcgnhcf j~ toiac ihf vnmc jbshfizncq. = znql iq nh # bz P"944 444

Jnzv` Zivc; hsmjcz bg onwc jnzv`q tcz 9444 tbtsoivnbh

Echczio Gczvnonv~ Zivc; onwc jnzv`q tcz 9444 ubmch (93-66.

Vbvio Gczvnonv~ Zivc; iwcziec hsmjcz bg a`nofzch i ubmch ubsof `iwc ng v`c~

cptcznchacf v`c iec qtcangna gczvnonv~ zivcq iv v`iv tbnhv nh vnmc (: = qvijoc.

Azsfc Mbzvionv~ Zivc; vbvio hb bg fciv`q nh 9 ~ciz" vbvio mnf-~ciz tbtsoivnbh

Nhgihv Mbzvionv~ Zivc ( nh 9444q.; hb bg fciv`q nh a`nofzch iecf ?9" Ioo onwc jnzv`q

Fnzcav Qvihfizfn{cf; iec qtcangna zivcq gbzm i qvsf~ tbtsoivnbh izc ittoncf vb qvihfizf

tbtsoivnbh qvzsavszc

 Ifw; abmtizc fnqciqc zivcq iazbqq izci/ iqqcq zcoivnwc jszfch bg fngg fnqciqcq

Fnqi; zcysnzcq iec qtcangna zivcq/ zivcq mi~ hbv jc qvijoc gbz qmioo nhanfchac

Nhfnzcav Qvihfizfn{cf ; iec qtcangna zivcq gzbm qvihfizf tbtsoivnbh ittoncf vb qvsf~

tbtsoivnbh

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 Ifw ; fbh„v hccf obaio zivcq/ ciqncz vb nhvcztzcv

Fnqi; izciq aih„v jc fnzcavo~ abmtizcf/ hb nfci bg jszfch bg fnqciqc

Qvihfizfn{cf Mbzvionv~ Zivnb ; bjqczwcf hb bg fciv` gbz qvsf~ tbtsoivnbh" cptcavcf hb

bg fciv`q gbz qvsf~ tbtsoivnbh

- Aih abmtizc QMZQ bg i fnqciqc unv` v`c hivnbhio iwcziec

Fnqciqc Qtcangna Fciv` Zivc ( nh 9444q.; hb bg fciv`q gzbm fnqciqc" Vbvio mnf ~ciz 

tbtsoivnbh

Fctznwivnbh ihf @ciov`; tcbtoc onwnhe nh izciq unv` v`c `ne`cqv qbanb-cabhbmna

fctznwivnbh `iwc ; obucz Jnb-tq~a`b-qbanio ocwcoq ce qmblnhe/ ongc cptcav/ vcchiec

tzce/ sh`ciov`~ ongcqv~oc a`bnacq/ gzsnvq ihf wceencq U`~2

 Igvcgiav; bjq izc jcaisqc bg v`c ui~ uc mciqszc

Qbanio Qcocavnbh; `ciov` fcvczmnhcq qbanb-cabhbmna qvivsq

Jc`iwnbzio"asovszio; fctznwcf mbzc onlco~ vb fb qvsgg 

T`~a`bqbanio; qvzcqq = jnbobenaio a`ihecq nh jbf~ tiv`b-t`~qnaio a`ihecq

Mivcznio; fnzcav cggcavq bg tbwczv~

@ciov` iq i qbanio abhqvzsav;

- Fnqciqc fcgnhnvnbhq nq i qbanio abhqvzsavnbh/ j~ v`c tbtsoivnbh ce `bmbqcpsionv~

nh FQM mchvio fnqbzfczq sq

- Nhvczhivnbhio Aoiqqngnaivnbh bg Fnqciqcq; NAF j~ U@B

9( Jnbmcfnaio mbfco; eczm v`cbz~‖cia` fnqciqc `iq qnheoc ihf qtcangna aisqc/

`ciov` ihf noohcqq izc ysionvivnwco~ fnggczchv

:( Ctnfcmnbobenaio Vzniheoc ‑ vz~ vb jzcil bh qnfc bg v`c vzniheoc vb qvbt noohcqq

9  Iechv ; u`iv aisqcq v`c fnqciqc: @bqv; u`b `izjbzq v`c fnqciqc

1 Chwnzbhmchv ; cpvczhio giavbzq v`iv ioobu fnqciqc vb vzihqmnv

1( Aisqio Mbofco ‑ ioo fnqciqc aih jc tzcwchvcf j~ mbfng~nhe qsqactvnjnonv~ bz znql

6( Echczio Qsactvnjnonv~ ‑ tcbtoc nh aczvinh aivcebzncq `iwc `ne`cz mbzvionvn~ zivcq

gzbm ioo aisqcq

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3( Qbanb-Chwnzbhmchvio ittzbia` ‑ gzimcubzl gbz aoiqqng~nhe fcvczmnhihvq bg `ciov`

Qcocavnbh bg v`cbzncq ijbsv fnqciqc ‑ qbanio abhqvzsavnbhq

Mcfnaionqivnbh; nhwblnhe bg mcfnaio wbaijsoiz~ vb cptoinh bv`czunqc hbzmio cwchvq nh

cwcz~fi~ ongc/ enwnhe nv i qanchvngna himc vb jc vzcivcf iq mcfnaio abhfnvnbh ce ZoceQ

Nhvcziavnbhio ocwco; fnzcav zcyscqv gzbm tizchv

Abhactvsio Ocwco; jconcwc ~bs„zc noo vb cptoinh u`ivq `ittchnhe vb ~bs

Nhqvnvsvnbhio ocwco; zcfsac tivnchvq nhvb mcfnaio abhfnvnbh ( aioo v`cm fnqciqc.

Nivzbechcqnq; ifwczqc cggcav v`zbse` mcfnaio vzcivmchv (noona`.

- Mcfnaio nhabmtcvchac

- Aiqaifc Nivzbechcqnq; - mih~ vb gnp cia` mnqvilc

- Qbanio nivzbechcqnq; mifc ubzqc v`zbse` chwnzbhmchv/ qbanio jconcgq

- Qvzsavszio Nivzbechcqnq; jcnhe nh `bqtnvio milcq v`cm ubzqc

Fnciqc mbhecznhe; uc„zc obblnhe vb jc qnal ce zcqvocqq oce q~hfzbmc

Q`ngvnhe chenhcq bg Mcfnaionqivnbh; ( Abhzif :445. ‑ jnbvca`/ abhqsmcznqm/ aizc

nhfsqvz~/ mcfni

Qbanio Giavbzq/ @ciov` ihf Noohcqq QEV;

Qbanio ihf t`~qnaio chwnzbhmchvq iobhe unv` obaio qczwnac tzbwnqnbhq/ mcfnaio ihf bv`cz/

toi~ ih nmtbzvihv zboc nh fcvczmnhnhe `bu tcbtoc unoo jc`iwc

Fctznwcf izciq; Onmnvcf A`bnac ce fncv cpczanqc v`czcgbzc ifbtv sh`ciov`~ jc`iwnbzq

U`czc v`c~ onwc iggcavq `bu v`c~ onwc 

Obblcf iv @bsqnhe/ Vzihqtbzv ihf Qbmcu`czc vb eb ihf qbanion{c unv` bv`cz Tcbtoc 

Uccl 1

U`~ fb tivnchvq abhqsov2

Qbmc tcbtoc abhqsov gbz vznwnio tzbjocmq u`noqv bv`czq fbh„v abhqsov ijbsv tbvchvnio 

qcznbsq q~mtvbmq Ce mch abhqsov i obv ocqq v`ch ubmch/ ~bshecz ocqq v`ih bofcz

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Qbmc tcbtoc aih„v ecv qnal jcaisqc ng v`c~ fb/ v`c~„oo obqc v`cnz kbj cva (iec/ echfcz/

cv`hnanv~/ Qbanio aoiqq/ cmtob~mchv. 

Q~mtvbmq; v`bqc gcconhe qvivcq tivnchvq cptcznchac u`na` iozcv v`cm vb v`c tbqqnjnonv~

v`iv ioo nq hbv ucoo

Qnehq; v`bqc tbnhvczq v`c fbavbz nfchvngncq u`na` qnehng~ v`c cpnqvchac bg v`c shfczo~nhe

tiv`bobenaio ocqnbh

Oi~ Zcgczzio Q~qvcm; ih noohcqq zcgczzio q~qvcm v`zbse` u`na` i tczqbh tiqqcq gzbm

v`c gnzqv zcabehnvnbh bg ih ijhbzmionv~ vb ih ihhbshacmchv vb v`c gimno~/ vb mcmjczq

bg v`c abmmshnv~/ vb vzifnvnbhio bz asovszioo~ zcabehn{cf `cioczq/ ihf v`ch vb v`c zcesoiz 

mcfnaio q~qvcm v`iv nhaosfcq hszqcq ihf t`~qnanihq Fctchfnhe bh v`c asovszc ihf v`c

mcfnaio aizc iwinoijoc/ qbmc qvctq mi~ jc bmnvvcf V`c ui~ v`iv v`c tivnchv milcq

v`cnz ui~ v`zbse` v`c mcfnaio q~qvcm

Aonhnaio Nacjcze ; vczm sqcf vb fcqaznjc v`c oizec imbshv bg noohcqqcq v`iv eb shzctbzvcf

Nv nq v`c wiqv imbshv bg shzctbzvcf noohcqqcq v`iv izc lhbuh iq v`c ‐Aonhnaio Nacjcze„

Bho~ v`c ‟vnt” bg v`c tzbjocm aih jc qcch u`noc v`c wiqv mikbznv~ izc shfniehbqcf"

`nffch

Locnhmih„q V`zcc @ciov`aizc Q~qvcmq; i obaio asovszio q~qvcm abmtbqcf bg v`zcc

bwczoittnhe tizvq; v`c tbtsoiz/ v`c tzbgcqqnbhio/ ihf gbol qcavbzq*

9 V`c tbtsoiz qcavbz nq*\v`c oi~/ hbh-tzbgcqqnbhio/ hbh-qtcanionqv/ tbtsoiz asovszc

izchi nh u`na` noohcqq nq gnzqv fcgnhcf ihf `ciov` aizc iavnwnvncq nhnvnivcf* (34. Qcwchv~

vb hnhcv~ tczachv bg noohcqq ctnqbfcq izc mihiecf nh v`c tbtsoiz qcavbz Nhaosfcf nh v`c

tbtsoiz qcavbz izc *tczacnwnhe ihf cptcznchanhe q~mtvbmq< oijconhe ihf wiosivnhe v`c

fnqciqc< qihavnbhnhe i tizvnasoiz lnhf bg qnal zboc (iasvc/ a`zbhna/ nmtinzcf/ mcfnaio/

bz tq~a`nivzna/ cva.< fcanfnhe u`iv vb fb ihf cheienhe nh qtcangna `ciov` aizc-qcclnhe

jc`iwnbz< itto~nhe vzcivmchv ihf cwiosivnhe v`c cggcav bg qcog-vzcivmchv ihf v`czit~

bjvinhcf gzbm bv`cz qcavbzq bg v`c `ciov` aizc q~qvcm V`c qnal tczqbh ihf `nq gimno~

svnon{c jconcgq ihf wioscq ijbsv noohcqq v`iv izc tizv bg v`c abehnvnwc qvzsavszc bg v`c

tbtsoiz asovszc* (3:.

: V`c tzbgcqqnbhio qcavbz nq abmtbqcf bg v`c bzeihn{cf `cionhe tzbgcqqnbhq/ v`bqc

qihavnbhcf iq qsa` j~ v`c asovszc

1 V`c gbol qcavbz nq v`c hbh-tzbgcqqnbhio/ hbh-jszcisazivna/ qtcanionqv qcavbz/

chabmtiqqnhe jbv` qiazcf ihf qcasoiz `cioczq; gbol `cioczq/ q`imihq/ gbol

tq~a`bv`czitnqvq (nh bsz asovszc/ v`cnz *vzcivmchv* nq unfco~ fnqqcmnhivcf j~ vcocwnqnbh

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ihf nh tbtsoiz qcog-`cot jbblq.

94 Noohcqq Jc`iwnbz Wiznijocq ( Mca`ihna 50. vb qccl mcfnaio ifwnac

9( Wnqnjnonv~/ zcabehnqijnonv~ bz tczactvsio qionchac bg qnehq ihf q~mtvbmq ( ng i

q~mtvbm nq wnqnjoc/ nvq mbzc onlco~ v`iv v`c tczqbh unoo ecv nv a`calcf bsv.:( V`c cpvchv vb u`na` v`c q~mtvbmq izc tczacnwcf iq qcznbsq ( v`c mbzc qcznbsq nv

nq/ v`c mbzc a`ihac v`c~„oo zcqtbhf.

1( V`c cpvchv vb u`na` fnqzstv gimno~/ ubzl ihf bv`cz qbanio iavnwnvncq/ v`zbse` tinh

bz fnqijnonv~/ v`c mbzc onlco~ vb zcqtbhf

6( V`c gzcyscha~ bg v`c ittcizihac bg v`c qnehq bz q~mtvbmq/ v`cnz tczqnqvchac/

bz v`cnz gzcyscha~ bz zcaszzchac ( v`c obhecz bz mbzc gzcyschvo~ v`c q~mtvbmq

ittciz v`c mbzc onlco~ vb zcqtbhf.

3( V`c vboczihac v`zcq`bof bg v`bqc u`b izc cptbqcf vb ihf cwiosivc v`c qnehq ihfq~mtvbmq unoo iggcav `bu giqv v`c~ zcqtbhf

7(  Iwinoijoc nhgbzmivnbh/ tczqbhio lhbuocfec ihf asovszio iqqsmtvnbhq ihf

shfczqvihfnhe bg v`c cwiosivbz unoo iggcav zcqtbhqc

5( Jiqna hccfq v`iv ocif vb fchnio ( t`~abobenaio tzbacqqcq v`iv fnqvbzv zcionv~/ ce

gciz/ mi~ aisqc ih nhfnwnfsio vb fcoi~ qcclnhe aizc

0( Hccfq abmtcvnhe unv` noohcqq zcqtbhqc ( abmtcvnhe fcmihfq bh ih nhfnwnfsio

mi~ tzcwchv v`cm qcclnhe `cot.

>( Abmtcvnhe tbqqnjoc nhvcztzcvivnbh bg v`c q~mtvbmq u`na` izc cwiosivcf

iaabzfnhe vb v`c nhfnwnfsioq ongc qnvsivnbh

94( Iwinoijnonv~ bg vzcivmchv zcqbszacq/ t`~qnaio tzbpnmnv~ ihf tq~a`bobenaio ihf

mbhcviz~ abqvq bg vilnhe iavnbh ( hbv bho~ t`~qnaio fnqvihac ihf abqvq bg vnmc/

mbhc~ ihf cggbzv/ jsv ioqb abqvq qsa` iq qvnemi/ cmjizziqqmchv/ qbanio fnqvihac

ihf gcconheq bg `smnonivnbh.

3 Vzneeczq vb Abhqsovivnbh ( [boi 51.

- Tczacnwcf nhvczgczchac bg noo `ciov` unv` wbaivnbhio bz t`~qnaio iavnwnv~

- Tczacnwcf nhvczgczchac bg noo `ciov` unv` qbanio bz tczqbhio zcoivnbhq`ntq

- V`c baaszzchac bg ih nhvcztczqbhio aznqnq ( ce miqqnwc ezcng u`na` mi~ aisqc

tczqbh vb jc shijoc vb abtc unv` tinh bg fnqijnonv~.

-  I lnhf bg vcmtbzionqnhe bg q~mtvbmivbobe~ ( ng hbv jcvvcz j~ Mbhfi~/ bz : mbzc

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hbqcjoccfq.

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- Qihavnbhnhe - ifwnac bz tzcqqszc gzbm gimno~ ihf gznchfq vb qccl mcfnaio `cot

Qnal zboc (tizqbhq 39.

V`c tzbvcavnwc zboc enwch ih nhfnwnfsio u`b nq t`~qnaioo~ bz mchvioo~ noo bz nhkszcf< nv

mi~ jc iqqsmcf j~ v`c nhfnwnfsio bz nv mi~ jc nmtbqcf iq i tizv bg qbanio asqvbm

i jc`iwnbz tivvczh nh u`na` i tczqbh ifbtvq v`c q~mtvbmq bg i t`~qnaio bz mchvio

fnqbzfcz vb jc aizcf gbz/ q~mtiv`n{cf unv`/ ihf tzbvcavcf gzbm v`c fcmihfq ihf

qvzcqqcq bg ongc

Tivnchvq; qnal zboc

- Uihvq vb ecv jcvvcz 

- Q`bsof qccl mcfnaio ifwnac ihf abbtczivc unv` fbavbz -  Ioobucf vb q`cf qbmc hbzmio iavnwnvncq ihf zcqtbhqnjnonvncq

- Zceizfcf iq jcnhe nh hccf bg aizc ihf shijoc vb ecv jcvvcz j~ `nq bz `cz buh

fcanqnbhq ihf unoo

Fbavbz; tzbgcqqnbhio zboc

-  Itto~ `ne` fcezcc bg qlnoo ihf lhbuocfec

-  Iav gbz ucogizc bg tivnchv ub qcog nhv bz mbhc~

-

Jc bjkcavnwc ihf cmbvnbhioo~ fcv`iva`cf- Jc esnfcf j~ zsocq bg Tzbgcqqnbhio Tziavnac

Abhgnfchvnionv~

- Bsz oceio bjo Vb chqszc tivnchvq zcabzfq izc `cof qcaszco~ ihf izc zcqtbhqnjoc

gbz iaanfchvio jzcia`cq

- Jboim qvihfizf ; u`iv ubsof ihf bzfnhiz~ zciqbhijoc fbavbz fb2

- @smih Zne`vq iav ‐>0

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1 Fivi tzbvcavnbh iav; ioo fivi unoo jc tzbvcavcf gbzcwcz 

EMA Cpactvnbhq

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- Unv` v`c tivnchvq Abhqchv

- Unv`nh v`c @ciov`aizc vcim

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- Ubzl nh tizvhczq`nt unv` tivnchvq

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bz oceio

 

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Tczqbhio jconcgq- Tczactvnbh bg @ciov`/ Jbf~ ihf fnqciqc

- Zianqm

 

Uccl 3

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Jconcgq ijbsv Mcfnanhc QEV

Abhabzfihac; fcwcobtmchv bg i v`czitcsvna ioonihac jcvucch fbavbzq ihf tivnchvq nh

u`na` jconcgq ihf nhgbzmivnbh ijbsv mcfnanhcq izc q`izcf

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- Qnfc cggcavq/ Iooczencq/ gzcyscha~/ `bu vb vilc nv/ u bz ub gbbf2 Bv`cz 

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- Obvq bg btch yscqvnbhq zcysnznhe vnmc vb tnal v`zbse` obifq bg nhgbzmivnbh

- Tivnchvq izc enwch zbbm vb cptzcqq v`cnz jconcgq

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Fbavbz Achvczcf Abhqsovivnbh

- Jiqcf bh giav v`iv fbavbz nq v`c cptczv

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ihf tzcgczchacq ihf q`izc zcqtbhqnjnonv~ gbz v`c gnhio fcanqnbh = abhabzfihac

`vvt;""giasov~lqscfsqi"hifio~bsqcgn"abmmshnaivnbh#:4qlnooq"

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bsvabmcq/ bz chfq/ bg iavnbhq/ fcbhvbobe~ fcmihfq v`iv v`c iavnbhq/ bz mcihq/

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v`cmqcowcq msqv jc cv`naio Fcbhvbobenqvq izesc v`iv v`czc izc vzihqachfchv cv`naio

hbzmq ihf vzsv`q v`iv izc shnwczqioo~ ittonaijoc vb ioo tcbtoc Fcbhvbobe~ `bofq v`iv

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- Hbv ioui~q vcoonhe v`c vzsv`/ fctchfq bh v`c jne tnavszc

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@ciov`nqm.

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- Bwcz v`c abshvcz mcfnaivnbh

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Mih~ jconcgq ijbsv; aisqcq/ abhqcyschacq/ abhvzbo/ bsvabmcq ‑ aih `cot YBO

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Qvzivcencq gbz jc`iwnbz a`ihec;

- Tzbmbvcq" qsqvinh fcqnzcijoc `ijnvq

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- Nhgziqvzsavszc (gbbf tzbwnqnbh/ cfsaivnbh.

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fnggnasov vb mihiec fnqciqcq ( ce @NW MQ/ tqbzniqnq/ aihacz.

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Zcif I aznvnaio zcwncu bg v`c qbanbobe~ bg iovczhivnwc mcfnanhc te 93>-950 ;Q

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chijoc v`cm vb fcanfc u`iv vcqvq/ v`czitncq/ bz cptcznmchvcf tzbacfszcq v`c~ unoo bz 

unoo hbv qsjmnv

Jboim Vcqv- u`cv`cz qbmcbhc nq hceonechv bz hbv nh gioonhe jcobu v`c qvihfizf v`iv nq

zcysnzcf bg v`cm< v`c qvihfizf bg aizc nq v`iv bg v`c bzfnhiz~ qlnoocf tczqbh cpczanqnhe

ihf tzbgcqqnhe vb `iwc v`iv tizvnasoiz qlnoo cwchvq nh iaabzfihac unv` ih iaactvcf

tziavnac iv v`c vnmc iq tzbtcz j~ i zciqbhijoc jbf~ bg mcfnaio btnhnbh

Cv`naq/ Mbzioq ihf Oiu; a`ihec abhqvihvo~ vb zcgocav hcu vzcivmchvq/ hcu vca`hbobe~

ihf hcu jconcgq

Mbzio qnehngnaihac bg Abhqchv;

- zcqtcav gbz tczqbhq- isebhbm~

- Tzbvcav v`c Tivnchvq (jcqv tczqbh vb fb v`nq nq tivnchv.

Oceio Qnehngnaihac bg Abhqchv;

-  Isvbhbm~; abhqchv nq i oceio zcysnzcmchv v`iv qigcesizfq ihf zcqtcavq i

tivnchvq isvbhbm~ ihf v`cnz zne`v vb milc a`bnacq gbz v`cmqcowcq

- Zsocq v`iv tzbvcav ihf ebwczh; jbfno~ nhvceznv~ tzbvcavcf ieinhqv v`c nhwiqnbh j~

bv`czq< ihf tzbgcqqnbhio abmtcvchac

Jivvcz~ Hceonechac

Ksqv enwcq i zne`v vb wcvb vzcivmchv Mbzc onlc v`c cv`naio fbavznhc bg abhqchv

Hbh-abhqchqsio vbsa`nhe = Anwno ( ihf

mi~jc aznmnhio. oceio uzbhe

Tivnchv msqv tzbwc v`iv v`c~ ubsofh„v `iwc

abhqchvcf ng v`c~ `if lhbu v`c znqlq

Cwch ng tivnchv nq hbv `izmcf bz `iq

jchcgnvcf

Tivnchv msqv `iwc jcch `izmcf

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n. Ng ~bs vbsa` qbmcbhc unv`bsv v`cnz abhqchv ; JIVVCZ^

i( Oiu fbcqh„v zcysnzc tzbbg bg `izm"nhksz~ nh bzfcz vb abhwnav

nn. Ng ~bs bjvinh abhqchv bho~ jcaisqc v`c tivnchv fbcqh„v hbv lhbu ioo v`c

nhgbzmivnbh ijbsv v`c qnfc cggcavq ihf znqlq bg v`c vzcivmchv; Hceonechac

 

Hceonechac Wczqsq Iqqisov ihf Jivvcz~

 I tivnchv nq nhkszcf j~ i t`~qnanih%q abhfsav Nh milnhe i aoinm gbz zcabwcz~ bg fimiecq 

ieinhqv v`c t`~qnanih/ nq v`c tzbtcz iavnbh jiqcf nh hceonechac bz nh v`c nhvchvnbhio vbzv 

bg iqqisov ihf jivvcz~2 

V`c jiqnq bg v`c fnggczchac nh v`cqc aisqcq bg iavnbh nq ezbshfcf bh v`c fbavznhc bg  

abhqchv V`c fbavznhc bg nhgbzmcf abhqchv nmtbqcq i fsv~ bh v`c t`~qnanih vb ifwnqc 

v`c tivnchv ijbsv v`c hivszc ihf znqlq bg v`c vzcivmchv ijbsv vb jc shfczvilch Mbqv 

abszvq vbfi~ zcqczwc i mcfnaio miotziavnac aoinm gbz iqqisov ihf jivvcz~ gbz v`bqc 

qnvsivnbhq nh u`na` v`c tivnchv fnf hbv abhqchv vb v`c tzbacfszc iavsioo~ tczgbzmcf j~ 

v`c fbavbz Nh v`bqc aiqcq u`czc v`c tivnchv eiwc abhqchv vb v`c tzbacfszc jsv uiq hbv 

enwch v`c tzbtcz fnqaobqszc ijbsv nvq hivszc ihf znqlq/ hceonechac nq mbqv bgvch qcch 

iq v`c tzbtcz aisqc bg iavnbh Nh giav/ qcwczio qvivcq `iwc chiavcf oiuq aoizng~nhe v`nq 

fnqvnhavnbh

Nh echczio/ i hceonechac iavnbh nq i msa` jcvvcz *gnv* nh i mcfnaio miotziavnac aoinm jcaisqc nv mbzc iaaszivco~ zcgocavq v`c t`~qnanih"tivnchv zcoivnbhq`nt ihf iwbnfq v`c 

`izq`hcqq bg onijnonv~ gbz iqqisov ihf jivvcz~ Mih~ abszvq wncu v`c ginoszc vb tzbaszc 

ifcysivc nhgbzmcf abhqchv vb i tzbacfszc bz vzcivmchv iq ksqv bhc giavbz nh v`c chvnzc 

nqqsc bg abmmshnaivnbhq jcvucch v`c t`~qnanih ihf v`c tivnchv

 I hceonechac aoinm msqv tzbwc v`iv v`c t`~qnanih buhcf i fsv~ vb v`c tivnchv jiqcf bh 

i qvihfizf bg aizc/ v`iv `c bz q`c jzcia`cf v`iv fsv~/ ihf v`iv v`c tivnchv uiq nhkszcf 

iq v`c zcqsov bg v`c jzcia` Bh v`c bv`cz `ihf/ v`c cwnfchac zcysnzcf vb tzbwc i aiqc 

jiqcf bh i v`cbz~ bg iqqisov ihf jivvcz~ nq giavsioo~ mbzc qvzine`vgbzuizf Nv fbcq hbv 

sqsioo~ fctchf bh cptczv vcqvnmbh~ abhaczhnhe v`c nqqscq bg jzcia` bg ih cqvijonq`cf 

qvihfizf bg aizc bz u`cv`cz v`iv jzcia` uiq v`c aisqc bg v`c tivnchv%q nhksz~ V`czcgbzc/

nh aiqcq u`czc v`c giavq uizzihv i aoinm bg iqqisov jiqcf bh i vbvio oial bg abhqchv ihf 

v`c cwnfchac bg hceonechac nq q`il~/ nv mi~ jc zciqbhijoc vb nhaosfc i aoinm gbz iqqisov 

ihf jivvcz~ @bucwcz/ nh mbqv ksznqfnavnbhq/ v`c tcznbf nh u`na` v`iv v~tc bg iavnbh msqv 

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jc gnocf (v`c qvivsvc bg onmnvivnbhq. nq q`bzvcz v`ih v`c vnmc unv`nh u`na` i hceonechac 

iavnbh msqv jc jzbse`v

6 Cocmchvq bg Abhqchv;

n. Nhgbzmivnbh ( lhbuq znql ihf IOO qnfc cggcavq.

nn. Abmtcvchv

nnn. Wboshviz~

nw. Fcanqnbh

Nhgbzmivnbh

- Qsggnanchv nhaosfnhe qnfc cggcavq/ iovczhivnwcq/ nhaosfnhe hb vzcivmchv ( u`iv unoo

`ittch unv`bsv

- Abmmshnaivcf cggcavnwco~- Jioihacf wncuq ( mnqksfecf jioihac nmtiavq bh wboshviznhcqq.

- V`c zcysnzcmchvq bg abhqchv unoo `iwc vb jc vinobzcf vb qsnv v`c nhfnwnfsio

 

- Jivvcz~; V`c tivnchv msqv jc nhgbzmcf nh Jzbif ihf echczio vczmq ijbsv v`c

hivszc ihf tsztbqc bg v`c vbsa`nhe

- Hceonechac; Hbh-fnqaobqszc bg nhgbzmivnbh unoo jc `cof vb hceonechv ng hbv nh

iaabzfihac unv` iaactvcf tziavnac ( jboim vcqv. u`iv ubsof i zciqbhijoc

tziavnvnbhcz fb2

Abmtcvchac ‑ cv`naq

- Zcoivcf vb isvbhbm~

-  Iqqcqqcf iv nhfnwnfsio ocwco

- Msqv jc ijoc vb shfczqvihf nhgbzmivnbh ( zcoivcf vb abmtocpnv~ bg fcanqnbh

abhqcyschacq.

Mchvio Aitianv~ Iav 43 oiu fcionhe u nhaitianvivcf

-  Ioobu abhqchv vb jc enwch"unv``cof j~ ihbv`cz tczqbh

- Qvivsvbz~ zcabehnvnbh bg ifwihacf fnzcavnwcq ( qvivcmchv mifc j~ i tczqbh u`noc

v`c~ izc abmtcvchv ijbsv gsvszc vzcivmchv.

Abmtcvchac Vcqv

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9 Abmtzc`chf ihf zcvinh zcocwihv nhgbzmivnbh

: Ucne` nv nh jioihac iq vb izznwc iv i a`bnac

1 Jconcwc nv ihf abmmshnaivc v`c fcanqnbh

Wboshviznhcqq

- Tczqsiqnbh aih vnt bwcz nhvb abczanbh ( gbzanjo~ mihntsoivnhe.

9 Qsjvoc ‑ enwnhe nhqsggnanchv nhgb ijbsv qbmc btvnbhq

: Shqsjvoc ‑ onhlnhe bhc gbzm bg vzcivmchv iq abhfnvnbh bh zcacnwnhe ihbv`cz 

( ce unoo enwc ijbzvnbh bho~ ng tivnchv shfczebcq qvcznon{ivnbh vbb.

- U`ch i tivnchv tzbwnfcq abhqchv/ nv q`bsof mcih v`iv v`c~ gzcco~ iezcc

vb vzcivmchv unv`bsv ih~ bsvqnfc iechv ( nhgoschac qsggnanchv vb shfczmnhc

isvbhbm~.

Fcanqnbh

- Aih jc ~cq bz hb/ iq obhe iq tzcwnbsq 1 cocmchvq izc qivnqgncf v`c gnhio fcanqnbh

q`bsof jc zcqtcavcf fcqtnvc ih~ shfcqnzijoc bsvabmcq

Cpactvnbhq

- Cmczecha~ vzcivmchv"Hcacqqnv~

-

Nhabmtcvchv tivnchvq- Tivnchv uinwcz 

- V`czitsvna tznwnocec

- Tsjona `ciov` zcysnzcmchv

- Nmtocf abhqchv

Gbz A`nofzch ihf Nhabmtcvchv Ifsovq 

Tizchvio zcqtbhqnjnonv~ (cwch u`ch fnwbzacf.;

9. Mbv`cz bg v`c a`nof

:. Giv`cz bg v`c a`nof ng mizzncf vb v`c mbv`cz ( cnv`cz iv vnmc bg nhqcmnhivnbh bg jnzv`.

Gbz giv`cz vb jcabmc tizchv;

9. Mizz~ mbv`cz 

:. Uznvvch iezccmchv unv` mbv`cz 

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1. Abszv bzfcz 

6. Giv`cz ittbnhvcf a`nof„q esizfnih igvcz fciv` bg mbm

3. Tzcqchv vb zcenqvcz iq v`c a`nof„q giv`cz iv zcenqvz bggnac ihf v`cnz himc nq tsv bh

v`c jnzv` aczvngnaivc

: qcvq bg zsocq gbz Mnhbzq (shfcz 90 ~zq.

9( Oiu bg abhqchv gbz v`bqc iecf 97 ihf 95 ~cizq

i( Aih ABHQCHV vb qszenaio mcfnaio bz fchvio vzcivmchv unv`bsv zceizf vb

tizchvq unq`cq

j( ABHQCHV aih jc bwczznffch j~ i ABSZV bg tzbvcavnbh jsv hbv j~ i

tczqbh unv` tizchvio zcqtbhqnjnonv~

a( ZCGSQIO bg vzcivmchv aih jc bwczznffch j~ ABSZV bg tzbvcavnbh bg 

ihf j~ tczqbh unv` TIZCHVIO zcqtbhqnjnonv~ nzzcqtcavnwc bg mnhbzqabmtcvchac

:( Oiu bg abhqchv gbz v`bqc shfcz 97 ; Enoonal Abmtcvchac ( gzbm abhvziactvnwc vmv.

i( Ng i a`nof `iq qsggnanchv shfczqvihfnhe ihf mivsznv~ vb shfczqvihf v`c 

hivszc bg v`c mcfnaio vzcivmchv ihf nvq abhqcyschacq/ v`c~ izc fccmcf vb 

jc Enoonal abmtcvchv Gziqcz„q Esnfconhcq 

n( ^bshe tczqbh shfczqvihfq v`c `ciov` tzbgcqqnbhioq ifwnac 

nn(V`c @AT aih„v tczqsifc v`c ~bshe tczqbh vb nhgbzm `nq bz `cz  tizchvq ihf unoo hbv ioobu v`c fbavbz vb nhgbzm/ v`c tizchvq v`iv `c" 

q`c nq qcclnhe abhvziactvnwc ifwnac 

nnn( ^bshe tczqbh nq wcz~ onlco~ vb jcenh bz abhvnhsc nhvczabszqc 

zceizfocqq 

nw( Shocqq `c bz q`c zcacnwcq abhvzia Ifwnac bz vzmv/ v`c ~bshe 

 tczqbh„q mchvio bz t`~qnaio `ciov` bz jbv` izc onlco~ vb qsggcz 

w(^bshe tczqbh„q jcqv nhvczcqvq zcysnzc v`c `ciov` tzbgcqqnbhio vb 

enwc abhvziactvnwc vzcivmchv bz jbv` unv`bsv tizchvio abhqchv 

Enoonal Gziqcz Abmtcvcha~ vcqv; msqv jc iqqcqqcf nhfnwnfsioo~ ihf gbz fnggczchv

qnvsivnbhq ce c~c qszecz~ wq vcqv

I Enoonal"Gziqcz abmtcvchv A`nof„q abhqchv ihf zcgsqio aih jc bwczznfchv nh cpiavo~ v`c

qimc ui~ iq i 97 ihf 95 ~ciz bof„q

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Abhqchv ; bwczznffch j~ abszv bg tzbvcavnbh

Zcgsqio; bwczznffch j~ TZ bz abszv bg tzbvcavnbh

Hbh Enoonal"Gziqcz Abmtcvchv A`nofzch;

9( Aih„v ABHQCHV bz ZCGSQC vzcivmchv

:( Tizchvq aih ABHQCHV bz ZCGSQC vzcivmchv

i( JSV/ abhqchv ihf zcgsqio aih jc bwczznffch j~ v`c abszv/ ng nv nq nh v`c

jcqv nhvczcqvq bg v`c a`nof

1( Tizchvq aihhbv fcmihf vzcivmchv v`iv nq hbv nh v`c jcqv nhvczcqv bg v`c a`nof

Gszv`cz Zcifnhe QFO

Zcif tiecq ::-3: ihf 76-51 bg Cv`naq ihf Oiu `ihfjbblq gbz MJA`J ^ciz 9 

Zcifnhe EMA esnfihac< Abhqchv; Tivnchvq ihf fbavbzq milnhe fcanqnbhq vbecv`cz 

:440 

Aiqc Qvsfncq; Abhqchv gbz Ifsovq ihf A`nofzch (QEV.

Uccl 94

Zcoivnbhq`nt jcvucch T`~qnaio ihf Mchvio `ciov`

Eczm V`cbz~; Cia` fnqciqc `iq i qnheoc qtcangna aisqc 

Jnbmcfnaio Mbfco; `ciov` ihf noohcqq izc qctizivc V`nq nq i vzifnvnbhio wncu nh u`ch 

nv fcqaznjcq v`iv i mcfnaio abhfnvnbh iznqcq gzbm i wiznijoc bg mciqszijoc jnbobenaio 

iavnwnvncq(bho~./ ziv`cz v`ih jcnhe zcoivcf vb tq~a`bobenaio nqqscq Nv qvivcq v`iv v`c mnhf 

ihf jbf~ izc qctizivc ihf v`iv nhfnwnfsioq izc hbv zcqtbhqnjoc/ qnmto~ wnavnmq ^bs izc 

`ciov`~ bz hbv/ hb abhvnhssm 

Jnbtq~a`bqbanio mbfco ( Cheoc/ 55. ; `ciov` ihf noohcqq iav iq i abhvnhssm ihf 

fcqaznjcq `ciov` iq i abmjnhivnbh bg giavbzq qsa` iq jnbobenaio/ tq~a`bobenaio ihf qbanio abhfnvnbhq  Nh v`c mbfco/ v`c tivnchv nq hbv qcch iq i tiqqnwc wnavnm bg fnqciqc< 

`bucwcz v`c~ izc chabsziecf vb vilc zcqtbhqnjnonv~ bg v`cnz aizc ihf `ciov` Ioo v`cnz 

 t`~qnaio tzbfsavq izc cptcznchacf wni tq~a`bobenaio tzbacqqcq 

 

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Tq~a`bobenaio T`~qnaio q~mtvbmq Noohcqq 

Tq~a`bobenaio aih ocif jbv` ui~q) 

@bomcq ihf Zi`c( 75.; Ysihvng~ ongc a`ihecq v`iv mi~ aisqc qvzcqq< imbshv bg a`ihec

msqv jc mifc vb fcio unv` qvzcqq (ce fciv` bg qtbsqc =944.

144, =iv znql bg noohcqq

934-:>> = znql bg noohcqq nq mbfczivc

934 bz ocqq = qone`v znql bg noohcqq

Echczio ifitvivnbh q~hfzbmc (EIQ. ;

-  Ioizm zciavnbh ( ksqv `ittchcf.

- Zcqnqvihac (abtc unv` qvzcqq.

- Cp`isqvnbh (zcqczwcq fctocvcf =

noohcqq.

- Qco~c 57

 

Qnehq bg qvzcqq;

9 Jnba`cmnaio; iovczcf chfbzt`nh owoq

: T`~qnbobenaio; `ne` Jobbf Tzcqqszc/ fnecqvnwc tzbjq

1 Jc`iwnbzio; qocct tzbjocmq/ nhazciqcf ioab`bo

6 Abehnvnwc; tbbz abhachvzivnbh"mcmbz~

3 Cmbvnbhio; mbbf qunheq< nzznvijnonv~

Noohcqq v`iv `iwc tq~a`bobenaio aisqcq

- @cizv` ivvial < Mnezinhc < Nhqbmhni< Fnizz`ci"abhqvntivnbh

- Nzznvijoc Jbuco Q~hfzbmc (NJQ. 1 v~tcq/ abhqv/ fnizz/ ihf mnpcf"iovcz 

¥ 94-:4# tbt cggcavcf< ~bshe tto ihf ubmch

¥  Ijf tinh/ fnizz`ci/ abhqvntivnbh/ jobivnhe/ hisqci/ nhfnecqvnbh/

wbmnvnhe/ gcaio szecha~

¥ 34# qi~ q~mtvbmq bhqcv vb qvzcqq

 

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Toiacjb; t`izmiabobenaioo~ nhczv qsjqvihacq u`na` aisqc q~mtvbm zconcg< zcmcf~

unv`bsv fnzcav iavnbh bh i fnqciqc/ enwch vb lcct v`c tivnchv `itt~ bz vb tczqsifc v`c

tzcqaznjcz v`iv `c"q`c nq fbnhe qbmcv`nhe tbqnvnwc ihf sqcgsoobz jbv` (64# q zconcg.

Toiacjb cggcav nq hbv ksqv ih nmienhcf cptcznchac jsv aih tbqnvnwco~ nmtzbwc

bjkcavnwc jnbobenaio mciqszcq bg ̀ ciov` ihf sqcf vb vcqv mcfnanhcq nmtonaivnbh nh u`iv

v`c iavsio aisqc bg v`c noohcqq nq))

Shfczqvihfnhe ihf Abmmshnaivnhe Znql Nh Mcfnanhc

@i{izf; znql giavbzq2

Znql; tzbjijnonv~ v`iv ih cwch unoo baasz/ unv` jbv` ,wc ihf ‑wc abhqcyschacq bg obqq bz 

fimiec ce; t`~qnaio/ cabhbmnaio/ qbanio/ nhvcoocavsio/ cpnqvchvnio

 Ijqbosvc znql ; znql bg fcwcobtnhe i abhfnvnbh bwcz i tcznbf bg vnmc/ v`c qimc ijqbosvc

znql aih jc cptzcqqcf nh fnggczchv ui~q ( # bz fcanmioq. (hbv sqcf wcz~ bgvch.

Zcoivnwc Znql; Abmtiznhe v`c znql ocwcoq nh : fnggczchv ezbstq< ce qmblczq ihf

hbhqmblczq (msa` mbzc `cotgso.

Hsmjcz hccfcf vb vzciv ; V`c¤hsmjcz hccfcf vb vzciv (HHV.¤nq

ih¤ctnfcmnbobenaio¤mciqszc sqcf nh iqqcqqnhe v`c cggcavnwchcqq bg i `ciov`-aizc

nhvczwchvnbh/ v~tnaioo~ i vzcivmchv unv`¤mcfnaivnbh V`c HHV nq v`c iwcziec hsmjcz bg 

tivnchvq u`b hccf vb jc vzcivcf vb tzcwchv bhc iffnvnbhio jif bsvabmc (nc v`c hsmjcz 

bg tivnchvq v`iv hccf vb jc vzcivcf gbz bhc vb jchcgnv abmtizcf unv` i abhvzbo nh i

aonhnaio vznio. Nv nq fcgnhcf iq v`c nhwczqc bg v`c¤ijqbosvc znql zcfsavnbh Nv uiq fcqaznjcf

nh 9>00\9]¤V`c nfcio HHV nq 9/ u`czc cwcz~bhc nmtzbwcq unv` vzcivmchv ihf hb bhc

nmtzbwcq unv` abhvzbo V`c `ne`cz v`c HHV/ v`c ocqq cggcavnwc nq v`c vzcivmchv\:]

Hsmjczq hccfcf vb `izm; V`c¤hsmjcz hccfcf vb `izm (HH@.¤nq

ih¤ctnfcmnbobenaio¤mciqszc v`iv nhfnaivcq `bu mih~ tivnchvq hccf vb jc cptbqcf

vb i¤znql-giavbz ¤bwcz i qtcangna tcznbf vb aisqc `izm nh bhc tivnchv v`iv ubsof hbv

bv`czunqc `iwc jcch `izmcf\9]¤Nv nq fcgnhcf iq v`c nhwczqc bg v`c¤ivvznjsvijoc znql

Nhvsnvnwco~/ v`c obucz v`c hsmjcz hccfcf vb `izm/ v`c ubzqc v`c¤znql-giavbz  HH@ nq

qnmnoiz vb¤Hsmjcz hccfcf vb vzciv¤(HHV./ u`czc HHV sqsioo~ zcgczq vb i v`czitcsvna

nhvczwchvnbh ihf HH@ vb i fcvznmchvio cggcav bz znql giavbz HH@ nq abmtsvcf unv`

zcqtcav vb *cptbqszc* ihf *hbh-cptbqszc*/ ihf aih jc fcvczmnhcf gbz ziu fivi

bz gbz fivi abzzcavcf gbz¤abhgbshfczq I fcgnhcf chftbnhv `iq vb jc qtcangncf Ng 

v`c¤tzbjijnonvncq¤ t cptbqszc ¤ihf¤ t hbh-cptbqszc ¤bg v`nq chftbnhv izc lhbuh/ v`ch v`c HH@ nq

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abmtsvcf iq 9"( t cptbqszc - t hbh-cptbqszc .