Medieval Life

• To understand life on a manor during the middle ages, the next several slides will be pictures taken from the Book of Hours. Examine them carefully to observe how the

peasants spend their time during various months of the year. The Book of Hours had one illustration for each month of the year.

Church scholars in the late Medieval Period

• Among the few who could read and write• Worked in Monasteries• Translated Greek and Arab classic works

into Latin• Laid the foundation for the rise of

universities in Europe• Developed new knowledge in philosophy,

medicine, and science which became available throughout Europe

Medieval Culture

• Thomas Aquinas – the ability to reason was God’s gift that could provide answers to philosophical questions

• Dante – wrote “The Divine Comedy” a poem describing the journey from Hades to Heaven

• Chaucer – wrote The Canterbury Tales, narrative poem about a group of pilgrims amusing themselves on a journey to Thamas Beket’s shrine in Canterbury.

Economic & Cultural Revival

• Guilds – medieval business association of merchants or craftsmen– Masters – skilled artisans who

owned a shop & employed other craftsmen

– Apprentices – person who works for a master to learn a trade or business

– Journeyman – craft worker who has finished an apprenticeship & works for pay

• Charters – formal documents granting the right of self-rule

• Scholasticism – medieval school of thought that tried to bring together Aristotle’s philosophy & the teachings of the Church

• Troubadour – poet – musician who traveled fro court to court

• Vernacular – the language of everyday speech, not of scholars

• Burgs – medieval towns which helped create a middle class

• Burghers – Germany

• Bourgeoisie – France

• Burgesses - England

The Plague – disease spread by fleas on rats

• Known as the Black Death or Bubonic Plague• Began in 1347 and spread to Spain and

England• 1 in 3 people died.• Unsanitary conditions aided its spread• Symptoms – swelling, black bruises, heavy

sweats, convulsive coughing, spitting blood, unpleasant odor

• Agonizing death

Impact of the Black Death• Population declined• Trade Slows• Labor force decreases (becomes less

available)• Church becomes less influential• Feudalism will come to an end

• Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks in 1453 –ending the Byzantine Empire.

• Constantinople became Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire.

Architecture

• Romanesque – thick walls, close columns, heavy curved arches, small windows

• Gothic – stained glass windows, spires, lofty ceilings, flying buttresses,

• Shield of Edward the Black Prince: http://www.geocities.com/scalaska1/bigshield2.html

• Tunic: http://www.mwart.com/xq/ASP.productlg/pid.2066/qx/crusader-tunic-with-rope-belt.htm

• Map of First Crusade: http://alpha.montclair.edu/~lebelp/Millennium.html• Land Walls of Constantinople, recently restored to appear as they would have in 1204

A.D. http://www.geocities.com/egfrothos/FourthCrusade.html• troubadour: http://www.der-troubadour.de/minnesaenger.htm• Thomas Aquinas: http://www.der-troubadour.de/minnesaenger.htm• Dante’s Inferno, Gluttons: http://www.vampyra.com/demons/glutton.htm• Canterbury Tales:

http://www.germanistik.fu-berlin.de/lehrangebote/anglistik_ps_ue.html• Black Plague: http://webs.wichita.edu/mschneegurt/biol103/lecture14/lecture14.html• Romanesque: http://art-of-paris.ca/history3.html• Reconquesta: http://www.dartmouth.edu/~izapa/Reconquest.html• Joan of Arc: http://www.hcdb.k12.hi.us/Studentwork/Joan.html• gothic cathedral: http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/gothic_arch.html

• Saladin: http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/sherwoodtimes/page5.htm• Black Pepper from: Salt-n-Peppers Plus.com• Ottoman Empire: http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gov46/• men of the city: http://herba.msu.ru/shipunov/e‑album/lms.htm• craftsmen:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/trevor.barker/farisles/guilds/armour/mail.htm

• Battle of Hastings as depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry, the photo is from:

• http://www.imh.org/imh/kyhpl2a.html• Ferdinand and Isabella: http://www.ignatiushistory.info/00133.html• Feudal Society: http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk/BayeuxAfter.htm