Melinda MooreMelinda MooreMelinda MooreMelinda Moore

TheTheAmerican American Civil WarCivil War

(1861-1865)(1861-1865)

TheTheAmerican American Civil WarCivil War

(1861-1865)(1861-1865)

DelawareMarylandKentuckyMissouri

Border States / slave states / stayed in Union

35. Lincoln wanted to hold on to border states;*Losing border states would increase Confederacy

population.**Border states surrounded our nation’s capital.

36. 36. West VirginiaWest Virginia

37. 37. Yankees – Union – NorthYankees – Union – North

--wanted to preserve the Unionwanted to preserve the Union

BEGINNING GOALS

37. 37. Rebels – Confederacy – SouthRebels – Confederacy – South

--wanted to preserve their way of wanted to preserve their way of life even if it meant life even if it meant independenceindependence

Railroad Lines, Railroad Lines, 18601860

Railroad Lines, Railroad Lines, 18601860

Men Present for Duty Men Present for Duty in the Civil Warin the Civil War

Men Present for Duty Men Present for Duty in the Civil Warin the Civil War

38. 38. Yankees – Union – NorthYankees – Union – North--larger, free populationlarger, free population--more manufacturing capabilitiesmore manufacturing capabilities--more railroadsmore railroads--stronger navystronger navy--volunteersvolunteers--LincolnLincoln

Advantages:

39. 39. Rebels – Confederacy – SouthRebels – Confederacy – South

--knowledge of countrysideknowledge of countryside

--fought mostly a defensive warfought mostly a defensive war

--fought for their propertyfought for their property

--great generals/Leegreat generals/Lee

““I cannot raise my I cannot raise my hand against my hand against my

relatives, my relatives, my children, my children, my

home.”home.”

40. 40. Robert E. LeeRobert E. Lee

41. General Winfield Scott’s 3-step strategy to defeat the South:

41. General Winfield Scott’s 3-step strategy to defeat the South:

take control of Mississippi River take control of

Mississippi Riveruse navy

to blockadeSouthern ports

use navy to blockade

Southern ports

captureRichmondcapture

Richmond

42. Union’s strategy - Anaconda Plan42. Union’s strategy - Anaconda Plan

43. MS River supplied Confederate troops with supplies from the West.

43. MS River supplied Confederate troops with supplies from the West.

44. The Confederate “White House” in

Richmond, VA

44. The Confederate “White House” in

Richmond, VA

located 100 miles from Washington D.C.located 100 miles from Washington D.C.

45. Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas)

July, 1861

(first major battle)

45. Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas)

July, 1861

(first major battle)

46. The Battle of the 46. The Battle of the Merrimack (C) and the Monitor Merrimack (C) and the Monitor (U) marked the end of wooden warships.(U) marked the end of wooden warships.

47. The bloodiest single day of fighting occurred along 47. The bloodiest single day of fighting occurred along the the AntietamAntietam Creek during the Battle of Antietam. Creek during the Battle of Antietam.

(1862, over 23,000 casualties)(1862, over 23,000 casualties)

A Bloody Day…A Bloody Day…

\\48. Confederates accidentally shot 48. Confederates accidentally shot Thomas Thomas Stonewall Jackson Stonewall Jackson during the Battle of during the Battle of Chancellorsville – left his arm amputated and he Chancellorsville – left his arm amputated and he died a few days later.died a few days later.

Confederate      Union Confederate      Union

49. BATTLE OF SHILOH49. BATTLE OF SHILOHApril 1862, Grant overcame southern forces April 1862, Grant overcame southern forces

and took control of western Tennessee getting and took control of western Tennessee getting the Union closer to controlling the MS River.the Union closer to controlling the MS River.

50. 50. TheTheEmancipationEmancipationProclamationProclamation

(1-1-1863)(1-1-1863)

50. 50. TheTheEmancipationEmancipationProclamationProclamation

(1-1-1863)(1-1-1863)

3 reasons that Abraham Lincoln issued the 3 reasons that Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.Emancipation Proclamation.

1. gain support of antislavery groups1. gain support of antislavery groups

2. broaden the goals of the war2. broaden the goals of the war

3. discourage foreign powers from 3. discourage foreign powers from helping the South.helping the South.

African-American Recruiting PosterAfrican-American Recruiting PosterAfrican-American Recruiting PosterAfrican-American Recruiting Poster

51. 51. The Famous 54The Famous 54thth MassachusettsMassachusetts

51. 51. The Famous 54The Famous 54thth MassachusettsMassachusetts

52. Hardships:52. Hardships:

Biggest problem:

disease and

infectionBiggest problem:

disease and

infection deadly weapons deadly weapons

poor camp conditions

poor camp conditions

The North The North Initiates Initiates

the Draft, the Draft, 18631863

The North The North Initiates Initiates

the Draft, the Draft, 18631863

NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, (July 13-16, 1863)1863)

NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, (July 13-16, 1863)1863)

*did not support war*did not support war

*wanted to end the War*wanted to end the War

54. Income tax *tax people’s

earnings

53. 53. CopperheadsCopperheads

55. Women of the Civil War:55. Women of the Civil War:

Clara Barton-Union Clara Barton-Union nurse/founded Red Crossnurse/founded Red Cross

Worked on farms and Worked on farms and industriesindustries

Gave out medical suppliesGave out medical supplies

Raised moneyRaised money

Made uniforms/weaponsMade uniforms/weapons

Disguised as men/fought Disguised as men/fought in battlein battle

Spies Spies

56. Ulysses S. Grant56. Ulysses S. Grant

•Hiram Ulysses Grant

•Union General

•“Unconditional Surrender”

•Lincoln’s man to win

•Hiram Ulysses Grant

•Union General

•“Unconditional Surrender”

•Lincoln’s man to win

Grant’s Grant’s strategy strategy

on on VicksburgVicksburg

Grant’s Grant’s strategy strategy

on on VicksburgVicksburg

56. siege-a military blockade of an enemy in order to force a surrender

6 weeks for Grant to take Vicksburg

56. siege-a military blockade of an enemy in order to force a surrender

6 weeks for Grant to take Vicksburg

56. Grant’s forces cut off the supply lines to 56. Grant’s forces cut off the supply lines to Vicksburg in a strategy called a siege- Vicksburg in a strategy called a siege- blockade of a city.blockade of a city.

Vicksburg - blocked the Mississippi River where Vicksburg - blocked the Mississippi River where the South was getting its supplies. the South was getting its supplies.

Starving residents ate horses, mules, and dogs. Starving residents ate horses, mules, and dogs.

Citizens – forced toCitizens – forced to

stay in citystay in city

July 4, 1863 –July 4, 1863 –

Confederates surrenderedConfederates surrendered

57. The Battle of 57. The Battle of GettysburgGettysburg lasted 3 days. It was lasted 3 days. It was a victory for the North and considered the a victory for the North and considered the turning point of the War. turning point of the War.

58. “58. “Pickett’s ChargePickett’s Charge” was a failure.” was a failure.

Gettysburg Gettysburg CasualtiesCasualtiesGettysburg Gettysburg CasualtiesCasualties

59. Gettysburg Address “We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain……and

that government of the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” This is a quote from the Gettysburg Address.

The Battle of Chickamauga

TOTAL WAR:TOTAL WAR:

60. destroying food, supplies, transportation; whatever necessary

1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election

Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan George McClellan (D)(D)

George McClellan George McClellan (D)(D)

61. 61. Sherman’Sherman’

ss“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”

throughthroughGeorgia,Georgia,

18641864

61. 61. Sherman’Sherman’

ss“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”

throughthroughGeorgia,Georgia,

18641864

62. Second Inaugural Address –March 62. Second Inaugural Address –March 4, 18654, 186562. Second Inaugural Address –March 62. Second Inaugural Address –March 4, 18654, 1865

Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)

“With malice toward none with charity for all, let us strive to bind the nation’s wounds………”

“With malice toward none with charity for all, let us strive to bind the nation’s wounds………”

One of the finest speeches in American history……One of the finest speeches in American history……

malice – desire to cause harm malice – desire to cause harm

63. Surrender at Appomattox Court House

April 9, 1865

64. 4 years

65. Significant Results of War