AUDIO VISUAL MATERIALS

MELJUN CORTESMELJUN CORTES

INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA 0R AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS Are not a substitute for effective

instruction. They are complementary materials which assist the teacher in the teaching-learning process while there is no one way to use these materials, there are guidelines which should be considered in order to derive the greatest amount of good teaching and learning from them.

There is no specific time for the use of instructional materials in the teaching-learning. However, many uses for materials in making meaning clear. Ex.

1. Introducing of a unit

2. Developing a unit

3. Interpreting a unit

4. Following-up or summarizing a unit

5. Correlating bits of information

6. Identifying a self with a situation

7. Transferring to real life situations

8. Motivating and arousing of interest

9. Providing individual and group therapy

How Media or AV's are used

While there is no part formula for giving vitality to a presentation, there are suggested procedure that can be employed to improve the teaching-learning process.

The following are a basic plan of effective teaching:

1. Prepare yourself

1.1Consider the value and purpose of the materials being covered.

1.2 Consider the needs and interest of the students.

How Media or AV's are used

1.3 Consider how the medium can be utilized.

1.4 Preview or audit the material to be used.

2. Prepare the classroom2.1 See that all the necessary materials

are on hang and arranged for their best use.

2.2 Be sure that the light can be controlled if needed

2.3 Check ventilation and seating

How Media or AV's are used

3. Prepare the class

3.1Explain why the particular medium is being used.

3.2 Explain what you expect them to get out of it.3.3 Introduce new words or terminology.

4. Present the materials4.1 Make the presentation forceful.4.2 Watch the time.4.3 Observe student reactions.

5. Summarize

5.1Discuss the presentation in detail.

5.2 Ask summary questions.5.3 Clarify misconceptions.

6. Follow-up6.1 Allow students to utilize their new

knowledge.6.2 Develop or assign follow-up activities.

How Media or AV's are used

Five Phases in a Total System of Instruction

• Introduction• Development phase• Organizational phase• Summarizing phase• Evaluation phase

Audio Media Are materials or sounds that are

transmitted, produced or received thru high fidelity waves which are heard thru certain equipments.

Inexpensive materials, easy to use but can present stimulating verbal messages more dramatically than the print media. The materials are light and usually portable and easily duplicated or replaced.

Kinds of Audio Mediaa. Radio broadcast which can be live or

taped (canned) program.b. Recordings – these may come in the

form of ordinary cartridge, open reel tapes, compact discs (CDs) and the digital video disc (DVD)

Recordings have advantages over the radio:one can play it back; can be flexible in planning the time of listening; can pre-hear the the material so they can evaluate its quality; can be done in school and can be reused in the future.

The chalkboard is the most versatile medium for instruction; it is always there and is

always available. It is especially useful in presenting variety of instructional materials like charts, graphs, pictures. It is also considered as an important medium of demonstration.

Chalkboard and Other Display Materials

a. To illustrate facts and processes.b. To present important facts and

principles such as new words etc.c. To provide a good medium for students;

demonstration.d. To display a wide variety of materials

ranging form the motivational, developmental to evaluative activities.

e. To enhance maximum pupil participation.

f. To provide for individual differences.

Uses of Chalkboard

Characteristics of a good Chalkboard

• It should be within reach of the pupils. The height of Grades I-II is 28 inches, for Grades III-IV is 32 inches while for Grade V-VI is 36 inches.

• It should be easily erased and cleaned.

• It should be not be glaring.• It should not be abrasive.

Suggestions in using the chalkboard

Keep the chalkboard clean. Erase the board after using and start form top to bottom.

Make your letters and drawings large enough to be seen by everybody.

Avoid hiding the materials on the board by standing directly in front of it. Position yourself at the side.

Always write or prepare your materials ahead of teaching time.

Suggestions in using the chalkboard

It is best to line the black board especially in the elementary grades so that pupils will learn to write legibly.

Avoid overcrowding materials to be displayed on the board at on time unless your purpose requires so.

Other Display Formats

Multipurpose boards – these are boards which can be useful for many purposes. They are also called “visual aid panels” and may have steel backing for magnetic display of visuals.

Pegboards – useful for displaying heavy objects, such as 3-dimensional materials and visuals. Metal hooks can be inserted into the pegboard to hold books, papers, and other objects.

Pegboards

Display Formats

Bulletin board displays – boards for posting bulletins or brief news announcements of urgent interest. The decorative bulletin board can lend visuals stimulation.

Cloth board – flannel, felt or hook-and loof materials can be stretched over a study backing, such as plywood.

Magnetic boards – visuals, such as plastic lettering, are backed with magnets and placed on the metal surface of the board.

Bulletin Boards

Magnetic boards

Cloth boards

Display Formats

Flip charts – a pad of large-sized paper is fastened and mounted on a wooden or metal easel.

Exhibits – displays of nonprojected visuals for integrated communication/instructional purposes. Exhibits can be set up on a table, shelf, or disk.

Flip charts

Exhibit displays

Enrichment Activity

Group work (3 members):Select a theme relevant to the month, e.g. peace, justice, love or upcoming event. Prepare bulletin board display on a cartolina/illustration board.