MELJUN CORTES Mark Up Languages (HTML)

MARKUP LA

LANGUAGES

MELJUN CORTESMELJUN CORTESMELJUN P. CORTES MELJUN CORTES

MARKUP

- a way of giving instructions on how a

text should look

MELJUN P. CORTES MELJUN CORTES



COMPUTERS

Originally intended to “compute”


After almost 30 years ….

it became practical to use them for storing text and printing it out in anything

but the plainest, typewriter-like format


Mid to late 1960s …

Output devices were developed that could

create printing almost as good as that of printing

presses


MARKUP SYSTEM

changed to something computer typesetting

machines could understand


Each organization developed its own specific way to “mark

up” text for their computer system.

MIT’s runoff system IBM’s page-1


1969

Charles Goldfarb worked for IBM with Ed Mosher and Ray Lorie to create the

Generalized Markup Language

(GML).


GML was intended to allow markup to

Mark the function of different parts of a text for information retrieval Allow formatting of the different parts of text for printing


PROBLEMS WITH GML:

It was owned by IBM, so it couldn’t be developed by other companies or groups. It was difficult to extend to meet new needs.


Goldfarb, William Tunnicliffe, Brian Reid, et al, got together to create a markup language that was

an open standard, rather than proprietary

flexible enough to extend to lots of new needs


After 8 years, in 1981 …

Standard Generalized Markup Language

(SGML)


1986

A new version of SGML was

issued.MELJUN P. CORTES MELJUN CORTES

SGML is the basis of

HTML XML Other markup languages


The World Wide Web has been based on two languages:

HyperText Markup Language (HTML) - for marking up text to be displayed on the web HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - for transferring information between Web clients (primarily browsers) and Web servers.


1989

Tim Berners Lee put the concept of hypertext together with the capabil i t ies of the Internet for the benefit of the scientists he worked with at the European Particle Physics Lab near Geneva, Switzerland.


http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/

The result: HTML

Simple

Flexible


1996

Tim Berners Lee founded the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to convince major Web stakeholders to develop standards that would allow the Web to grow in a less confusing way.


The result ….

increasing acceptance of standard versions of HTML up through 4.01


EXtensive Markup Language

The vision for XML involved Taking features of SGML that were relevant to the internet Developing features that would facilitate exchange of data as well as text


EXtensive Markup Language

• Like SGML, it was designed as a meta-language (not used directly for markup but for creating other markup languages).• It does not depart from SGML; it uses the same concepts


XML -based Markup Languages

• Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) – likely to be the most widely known; successor of HTML• InkML – an XML data format for representing digital ink data that is input with an electronic pen or stylus as part of multimodal systemMELJUN P. CORTES MELJUN CORTES

XML -based Markup Languages

• MathML – a low-level specification for describing mathematics as a basis for machine to machine communication• SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) enables simple authoring of interactive audiovisual presentations


UPLOADING OVER THE INTERNET


UPLOAD or UPSTREAM

- the transmission of data from a local computer to a

remote computer. It occurs when one sends

information from his connection to his ISP.


FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

- allows one to download and upload files on the Internet


To access many FTP sites, one

must be an authorized user.


FTP sites that maintain public archives

USERNAME – anonymous or ftp

PASSWORD – email address or tap the ‘enter” key


To upload f i les, we can use . . .

a browserWS-FTP software

Microsoft FrontPage Macromedia Dreamweaver


1. Type ftp://yourhostname

To upload files using a browser ….


2. A log-in box should appear. Enter your user name and password. Click “Login.”


3. You should then be logged in to your folder. To upload, drag your files and folders into this window.


4. Your folder on the server should look like this.

5. To logout of the FTP server, close the Internet Explorer windows.


1. On your computer, go to Start Find Files or Folders and search for ftp. Look in Drive C and check “Include subfolders.” Then, click “Find Now.”

To upload files using WS-FTP software …


2. When the computer finishes searching, find the icon for the WS_FTP software and double click on it to launch the application.


3. When the software opens, enter your login information.

4. Click OK & re-enter your password.


You will then be logged into your folder.

5. On the left hand side of the screen, double-click the drive for the zip drive.


6. Once you see the contents of your zip disk in the left hand window, find the www folder which should be inside the internet folder.


7. Double-click the www folder.


8. When you see the files and folders inside the left side window, highlight the file you want to put online and click the left arrow button to move a copy of the file to your folder on the server.


The files and folder structure should then be successfully copied from the zip disk (seen in the left window) to the server (seen in the right window).


Date post:	05-Jul-2015
Category:	Technology
Upload:	meljun-cortes
View:	42 times
Download:	0 times

MELJUN CORTES Mark Up Languages (HTML)

Technology