MemoryLevels of Memory and How They Work

Memory

Memory: Capacity to acquire, retain, and recall knowledge and skills.

Memory

Jedi Mind Tricks

Memory

Levels of Memory

A) Sensory: Records information from the senses for only a few seconds

Encoding depends on attention

Memory

Types of memory

B) Short-term memory: Holds information for up to 15 or 20 seconds.

Rehearsal helps information stay longer

Short term memory can store about 7 ungrouped items.

Memory

Test your short-term memory

How many of the following ordered numbers can you remember ?

You will have 5 seconds to memorize the following digit numbers. Mistakes in two consecutive rows represent the limit of short-term memory.

Memory

76512

830956

7459271

8832513

447143563

4765439679

Memory

Types of Memory

C) Long-Term Memory:

Items that are important to you or have meaning are stored in long-term memory.

We can retain countless amounts of information, however recall might limit memory.

Memory

Long term memory is sorted into two categories:

Declarative (Facts)

Episodic

Semantics

Procedural (How-to)

Memory

Improving Recall

Ascribe personal meaning to memories

Encoding specificity principle (context and state)

Spacing effect

Memory

Dreams

Night

Bed

Blanket

Comfortable

Moon

Cloud

Rest

Pillow

Dark

You have 30 seconds, remember as many of the following words as possible:

Memory

Now write down all the words that you remembered

How many people remembered the words dreams, night, and bed?

How many people remembered the words rest, pillow, and dark?

Memory

Serial Position effect

Primacy effect: Rehearse more often, and therefore transfer to long-term memory

Recency effect: Still present in short-term memory, has not been ‘bumped-out’.

Memory

How many people remembered the word sleep?

Memory

False memories

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHPQYQ3NOjg&feature=related

Memory

Eye-witness accounts

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtDt-THaH_o

http://www.bigfuntown.com/Game-896.html

Memory

Forgetting:

Retrograde amnesia: Memory loss for events prior to the onset of amnesia. (Example: Alzheimer’s)

Anterograde amnesia: Memory loss for events that occur after the initial onset of amnesia.

Memory

Case Study: ‘H.M’

Remembers all events and skills learned before the accident.

Normal individual ‘living in the past’