Mental & Emotional HealthMental & Emotional Health

Health Health TPITPI

BondiBondi

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 81 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Least MostLeast Most

Put in Order on the most “mentally healthy” to least on Put in Order on the most “mentally healthy” to least on Continuum Continuum

The Least You Need to KnowThe Least You Need to Know1.1. Basic Mental Health Vocab/Definition: Basic Mental Health Vocab/Definition: Define mental health and the 5 Define mental health and the 5

characteristicscharacteristics

2.2. Maslow’s hierarchy (pyramid): Maslow’s hierarchy (pyramid): Label and know examples Label and know examples

of each level.of each level.

3.3. Basic Stress: Basic Stress: Define: Stress, Stressor, Eustress, Distress, Define: Stress, Stressor, Eustress, Distress,

Homeostasis, Causes of Stress (3 Categories) & WarningHomeostasis, Causes of Stress (3 Categories) & WarningSigns of StressSigns of Stress

4.4. Stress Response: Stress Response: Know the 3 stages, be able to label it Know the 3 stages, be able to label it and discuss what happens.and discuss what happens.

5.5. Stress and Illness: Stress and Illness: How are stress and illness related?How are stress and illness related?6.6. What is the Purpose of Stress? What is the Purpose of Stress? Think about your arm span!Think about your arm span!7.7. Stress and Personality: Stress and Personality: How does your personality affect how much How does your personality affect how much

stress you have (Type A, Type B).stress you have (Type A, Type B).8.8. Basic Stress Management Strategies: Basic Stress Management Strategies: Know basic stress management Know basic stress management

types.types.

Definition?Definition?Characteristics?Characteristics?

Mental HealthMental Health::

the ability to accept the ability to accept yourself and othersyourself and others, adapt to and , adapt to and manage manage emotionsemotions, and deal with the , and deal with the demands and demands and challenges you meet in lifechallenges you meet in life. .

Positive Positive Self-EsteemSelf-Esteem Feelings of Feelings of BelongingBelonging Feelings of Feelings of PurposePurpose (Mission Statement) (Mission Statement) Positive Positive OutlookOutlook ConfidenceConfidence

Group ActivityGroup Activity

1). Discuss which characteristics are difficult to 1). Discuss which characteristics are difficult to control? Why? Rate 1-10(1-easy, 10-Hardest)? control? Why? Rate 1-10(1-easy, 10-Hardest)?

2) Either provide 1 example(s) of each OR 1 non-2) Either provide 1 example(s) of each OR 1 non- example (when someone isn’t this). example (when someone isn’t this).

3) You will be given one characteristic 3) You will be given one characteristic (self esteem, purpose, etc.) as a group (self esteem, purpose, etc.) as a group

you will have to provide 3 ways you you will have to provide 3 ways you

can improve the characteristic I give you can improve the characteristic I give you group (and share this with the class). group (and share this with the class).

Self-Esteem and Self-ImageSelf-Esteem and Self-Image(the bread and butter of mental health…..)(the bread and butter of mental health…..)

• Changes that took place in Amy• good or bad changes?

• How is it related to self-esteem

• Should people be allowed to get plastic surgery?

““What is necessary to change a What is necessary to change a person is to change his person is to change his awarenessawareness

of himself.”of himself.”Abraham MaslowAbraham Maslow

Apply this to Amy from Extreme Makeover or life Apply this to Amy from Extreme Makeover or life in general…in general…

Self-Image Vs. Self-EsteemSelf-Image Vs. Self-Esteem

How Does the Media Influence Self-How Does the Media Influence Self-Image and Self-Esteem?Image and Self-Esteem?

I’m like a turtle because…I’m like a turtle because…What makes me different than What makes me different than

a turtle is probably…a turtle is probably…

Maslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsMaslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions

How is Maslow’s Hierarchy like How is Maslow’s Hierarchy like baseball?baseball?

What are some reasons why What are some reasons why Maslow would have studied this Maslow would have studied this topic?topic?

What are at least 3 health What are at least 3 health behaviors that could prevent you behaviors that could prevent you from hitting a home run?from hitting a home run?

S T R E S S and You

The Blind Man and the Elephant IThe Blind Man and the Elephant I

The Least You Need to Know:The Least You Need to Know:1.1. Stress 101 (Definitions): Stress 101 (Definitions):

Stress, Stressor, Eustress vs. Distress, Stress, Stressor, Eustress vs. Distress, HomeostasisHomeostasis

2. 2. Stress ResponseStress Response (3 Stages of GAS)(3 Stages of GAS)

3. 3. Stress and PersonalityStress and PersonalityType A, Type BType A, Type B

4. 4. Stress and Disease/IllnessStress and Disease/Illness

5. 5. Basic Stress Management StrategiesBasic Stress Management Strategies

Who Has the Most Stress?Who Has the Most Stress?

Least MostLeast Most

Put in Order on the ContinuumPut in Order on the ContinuumKK-Kids (0-11) -Kids (0-11) TT-Teens (12-18) -Teens (12-18) AA-Adults (18-40) -Adults (18-40)

MM-Mid-Adults (40-60) -Mid-Adults (40-60) EE-Elderly (60 +)-Elderly (60 +)

E MATK

Is this stress?Is this stress?

What exactly is stress?What exactly is stress?

Stress Defined:Stress Defined:

STRESS 101

Stress: Body and mind’s reaction to

challenging events in life.

Causes of Stress = Stressors

Is all stress bad?

“Bad Stress” (Distress) vs.

Good Stress (Eustress)

Causes of StressCauses of Stress

Major Life Major Life ChangesChanges

Everyday Everyday ProblemsProblems

SurroundingsSurroundings

1.1.

2.2.

3.3.

1.1.

2.2.

3.3.

1.1.

2.2.

3.3.

Do all equate to the same level(s) of stress?Do all equate to the same level(s) of stress?

A Good Question? A Good Question? What What shouldshould you feel like? you feel like?

EMOTIONALLYEMOTIONALLY .. .. .. HOMEOSTASISHOMEOSTASIS:: PHYSICALLYPHYSICALLY .. .. ..

Balance of Body and Mind

Early Warning Signs of StressEarly Warning Signs of Stress

PhysicalPhysical

EmotionalEmotional

BehavioralBehavioral

Have you ever wondered what is the Have you ever wondered what is the purpose of stress?purpose of stress?

Review:Review:

HUMAN HISTORYYears Ago Homo

Tools 2,500,000 H. habilis

Regular Hunting 1,500,000 H. erectus

Control of Fire 500,000 H. erectus

Agriculture 10,000 H. sapiens

First Cities 7,000 H. sapiens

Industrial revolution 200 H.

sapiens

Technological revolution 20 H. sapiens

It wasn’t all that It wasn’t all that long ago….long ago….

Fight-or-FlightFight-or-FlightResponseResponse

Things you Things you only see in only see in moviesmovies….….

THE STRESS RESPONSE Physiological Adaptations

Heart Rate

Blood Pressure

Breathing Energy

Endorphins

Blood FlowTo Muscles

WHY ZEBRAS DON”T GET ULCERS

“A zebra’s stress response kicks in when the zebra is chased by a lion; when the

zebra escapes, the stress response shuts off. In between predation attempts the zebra is at ease. It doesn’t flood itself with stress hormones wondering when

the next lion is going to show up”

Robert Sapolsky

THE STRESS RESPONSEThen:

Prepared the body for living (survival)

Response to physical stress: animals, rock slides, famine, drought, etc.

Most stress was short in time.

THE STRESS RESPONSE Now:

Most danger is not physical

Response to emotional problems: work, money, noise, relationships

Stress is ongoing or constant

…AND WHY HUMANS DO

“The human mind is so powerful, the

connections between perception

and physiological response so

strong, that we can set off the

flight-or-flight response by just

imagining ourselves in a

threatening situation.”The End of Stress

General Adaptation General Adaptation SyndromeSyndrome

1.1. AlarmAlarm Reaction ReactionBody is Body is shockedshocked by the stress by the stress

2.2. Stage of Stage of ResistanceResistanceBody tries to Body tries to fightfight off the stress off the stress

3.3. Stage of Stage of ExhaustionExhaustionStress does not go away, body has Stress does not go away, body has no more no more energyenergy to fight the stress, illness or disease to fight the stress, illness or disease

STRESS & DISEASE

Increased Blood pressure

Increased Heart Rate

= Increased Heart attacks

Others….

Lowers your body’s ability to fight off

diseases or illnesses (the immune

system)

Mind-Body Illnesses (Psychosomatic)Mind-Body Illnesses (Psychosomatic)

•Heart Disease•High Blood Pressure•Acid Reflux•Ulcers•Asthma Attacks•Common Cold?•…………………………………………………Decreased Immunity

STRESS & DISEASE

“Between 60 and 90% of all our population’s visits to doctor’s offices are stress-related and probably cannot be

detected, much less treated effectively, with the medications and procedures on

which the medical profession relies almost exclusively.”

Dr. Herbert Benson, Timeless Healing

What do you mean there is no such What do you mean there is no such thing as stress?thing as stress?

Research and Study – a question of Research and Study – a question of perspectiveperspective

What we learn from studying something may depend on where we look, how we look, and the scope of our view!

The Blind Man and the Elephant

WW You D:WW You D:

How Can Two People View a Situation How Can Two People View a Situation Differently?Differently?

What Do You See?

Back by Popular Demand….Back by Popular Demand….

Stress & PersonalityStress & Personality

•Type A (Competitive or Rushed)

•Type B(Relaxed or Laid Back)

The Blind Men and the Elephant IIThe Blind Men and the Elephant II

Word Wall AdditionWord Wall Addition

PerceptionPerception-The way we look at -The way we look at and interpret a situation.and interpret a situation.

““PRESSUREPRESSURE is what happens to is what happens to you, STRESS is how you you, STRESS is how you reactreact to to

these pressures.”these pressures.”

Mini-AssignmentMini-Assignment ½ page to a page reaction½ page to a page reaction Explain quoteExplain quote Use examples from your own experiencesUse examples from your own experiences Discuss the concept of Discuss the concept of perceptionperception..

STRESS “MANAGEMENT”

Sleep, Physical Activity, Nutrition, Relaxation

Meditation, Yoga, Tai Chi,

Family, Friends, Community

= Support System

Don’t Underestimate humor

Sense of Control / Perception

MUST HAVE AN OUTLET!

What Are Our Goals?What Are Our Goals?

Limit NOT Eliminate stressLimit NOT Eliminate stressUse stress in a positive wayUse stress in a positive wayUse it to improve our performanceUse it to improve our performance

How are stress and depression related?How are stress and depression related?

The Least You Need To Know: The Least You Need To Know:

Define DepressionDefine DepressionSymptoms Symptoms Reactive vs. Reactive vs.

Major DepressionMajor DepressionWarning Signs / Warning Signs / SymptomsSymptoms

Suicide general:Suicide general:

Describe a time when you needed help?Describe a time when you needed help?

How did you feel when How did you feel when you needed help?you needed help?

Who helped you?Who helped you?How did it make you How did it make you

feel?feel?

Depression: DefinitionDepression: Definition

Prolonged Feelings of: Prolonged Feelings of: HopelessnessHopelessnessHelplessHelplessSadness Sadness GuiltGuilt

Take the Quiz!Take the Quiz!

Depression Is Significantly Underdiagnosed Depression Is Significantly Underdiagnosed but Relatively Easy to Screenbut Relatively Easy to Screen

US Preventive Services Task Force

2-Question Screen

1. During the past 2 weeks, have you felt down, depressed, or hopeless?

2. During the past 2 weeks, have you felt little interest or pleasure in doing things?

Sources: Glass RM. Awareness about depression: Important for all physicians. JAMA. 2003:289:3169-3170.Insel TR, Charney DS. Research on major depression: Strategies and priorities. JAMA. 2003;289:3167-3168.

Some Depression Some Depression is “Normal”is “Normal”

What’s Normal?What’s Normal?ReactiveReactive vs. vs. MajorMajor Depression DepressionTime Frame/Impact on Your LifeTime Frame/Impact on Your LifeThe key difference between depressed moods The key difference between depressed moods

and serious depression is the and serious depression is the lengthlength of of symptoms.symptoms.

Causes of Depression Causes of Depression Depression has no single cause; often, results Depression has no single cause; often, results

from a combination of:from a combination of:Family historyFamily history

Trauma and stressTrauma and stress

Pessimistic personalityPessimistic personality

Physical conditionsPhysical conditions

Other psychological disordersOther psychological disorders..

What is the Relationship between What is the Relationship between Drug use and depression?Drug use and depression?

DepressionDepression and recreational drug use are both and recreational drug use are both common and can occur together purely by common and can occur together purely by chance as individual problems. chance as individual problems.

More often, however, there is an More often, however, there is an interaction between the two and this can interaction between the two and this can

take several forms: take several forms:

gaining some reliefgaining some relief. . or as part of withdrawal symptomsor as part of withdrawal symptoms to 'to 'escapeescape''pressurespressures, which may trigger depression., which may trigger depression.people who are depressed may use people who are depressed may use

recreational drugs in an attempt to end their recreational drugs in an attempt to end their life.life.

other psychiatric (mental) illnessesother psychiatric (mental) illnesses

Depression Is a Multisymptom Disorder Depression Is a Multisymptom Disorder With High Direct and Indirect CostsWith High Direct and Indirect Costs

Depression increases chance of dying from heart attackDepression increases chance of dying from heart attack

Depression increases chance of stroke, diabetes, osteoporosisDepression increases chance of stroke, diabetes, osteoporosis

Treating depression helps control diabetesTreating depression helps control diabetes

Depression: A Brain and Body Disease

U.S. Cost in 2006 – $50 Billion

Source: Glass RM. Awareness about depression: Important for all physicians. JAMA. 2003:289:3169-3170.

Success in Treating Depression Success in Treating Depression Exceeds Success in Understanding ItExceeds Success in Understanding It

Specific Biomarkers and Tests for Depression Do Not Currently Exist

We don’t knowWe don’t know Specific gene(s) causing depressionSpecific gene(s) causing depression How nerves affect moodsHow nerves affect moods How stress changes brain and body functionHow stress changes brain and body function

We do knowWe do know 70% of treated patients see symptoms decrease by 50%70% of treated patients see symptoms decrease by 50% Medications boost chemical neurotransmittersMedications boost chemical neurotransmitters Psychotherapy can be effectivePsychotherapy can be effective

Source: Insel TR, Charney DS. Research on major depression: Strategies and priorities. JAMA. 2003;289:3167-3168.

Neuroscience and DepressionNeuroscience and Depression

Intermission: A Well Needed JokeIntermission: A Well Needed Joke

Failure to Identify and Treat Failure to Identify and Treat Depression is Often FatalDepression is Often Fatal

Depression and Suicide

Patients With Depression

1999: 30,000 suicides (2X homicides)1999: 30,000 suicides (2X homicides)

90% of suicides were associated with mental 90% of suicides were associated with mental illness, usually depressionillness, usually depression

75% of successful suicides on a repeat attempt occurred in 75% of successful suicides on a repeat attempt occurred in patients receiving NO mental health therapypatients receiving NO mental health therapy

Only 25%Only 25% receive appropriate therapy receive appropriate therapy

Source: Glass RM. Awareness about depression: Important for all physicians. JAMA. 2003:289:3169-3170.

A _________ A _________

solution to a solution to a __________ __________

problem.problem.

SuicideSuicide

Where can you go for help?Where can you go for help?

http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/depresfact.cfmhttp://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/depresfact.cfm

Teachers

Guidance Couns.

Social Workers

Friends

Religious Leaders

Parents

How is Life Like How is Life Like Fishing?Fishing?