Metadata Concepts for Hydrology

Metadata Conceptsfor

Hydrology

Michael PiaseckiDepartment of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

Drexel University

CUAHSI HIS Symposium Austin, TX

March 7-9, 2005

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Drexel University, College of Engineering

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Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of the Hydrologic Sciences, Inc.

Hydrologic Information Systems Group The objective of HIS is:

Background

• a hydrologic information system prototype of mapping and hydrologic data from the Neuse basin.

• a structure for the hydrologic data model

• a hydrologic metadata definition that is compatible with the hydrologic data model and is interoperable with other Metadata profiles

• conduct hydrologic case study in interpretation and visualization to estimate and represent streamflow and rainfall continuously in space and time across the stream network in the Neuse basin

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Data Centers

NCDC

USGSNWIS

NCEP

NWSNGDC

Sensor Arrays

Numerical ModelsPrediction

HSPF

Air-Q

MM5

IndividualSamples

METADATA

The Demands

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ANZLICDC

ADN

FGDC

DIF

ISO

Distribution – url, identification

Coverage – temporal, spatial, location keywords

Personnel – name, role, address

Attributes – parameters, source, sensor, discipline, keywords, status, originator

ISO 19115 International Standard Organisation

DIF Data Interchange Format, NASA ANZLIC Australia New Zealand Land

Information CouncilDC Dublin CoreFGDC Federal Geographic Data

CommitteeADN ADEPT, DELESE, NASA

Metadata Standards

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Related Markup Languages

Markup Language Origin Based on ….

Ecological Markup Language, EML

KNB (LTER, NCEAS, SDSC)

Community

XML schema

Geographical Markup Language, GML

OpenGIS Consortium

ISO 19115

XML schema

Earth Science Markup Language, ESML

U. of Alabama

& NASA

FGDC + ECS

XML schema

Sensor Markup Language, SENSORML

U. of Alabama

& openGIS

ISO 19130

XML schema

Hydrologic Markup Language, HYDROML

USGS, National Water Information System

FGDC

XML schema

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Meta-Semantics

Category

Subcategory

Description

Content metadata

General Same for all data types

SpecificDifferent for different data types

Syntactic metadata

Descriptive partInformation about the data variable

Structure part Structure of the data

Semantic metadata

Data description

“search”

“use”

Categorization of Metadata Elements

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They do not suggest if area and outlet location should be defined when a watershed is being described ?

They do not incorporate a list of possible stations and variables related to surface water collected by a particular Hydrologic Information Community, HIC

Semantics: Problem1

Metadata Standards lack domain specific elements

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Semantics: Problem 2

Metadata Standards do not resolve semantic heterogeneities

Finds only data set X

Metadata (FGDC) about dataset Y Theme_Keyword = Gage HeightTheme_Keyword_Thesaurus = USGS

Metadata (ISO) about dataset X keyword = Stage HeightthesaurusName = GCMD

and not data set Y

Metadata repository

e.g. search for Stage Height

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Semantics: Solution

• develop <<CodeLists>> to suit hydrologic domain

• extend ISO 19115 to include community specific elements

• try to map to other standards and develop Metadata Interchange Formats (MIF)

• provide utility to fill out metadata sets to describe your data

Approach 1 (static)Approach 1 (static)

Approach 2 (dynamic)Approach 2 (dynamic)

• Develop a hydrologic ontology that defines the common words and concepts (the meaning) used to describe and represent an area of knowledge.

• Ontologies enable you to specify the semantics of your domain, your enterprise, or your community, or across many communities, in great and arbitrary greater detail

• utilize specific technologies and tools to tie hydrologic ontology into the Semantic Web.

• utilize ontology to define a Controlled Vocabulary in a Restricted Domain to be used in the <<CodeList>> environment

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Ontologies for Metadata Profile

Hydrologic OntologyHydrologic Ontology

Hydrologic Metadata

A consistent suite of geographic information schemata that will allow Geographic informationto be integrated with information technology.ISO norm 19115.

www.isotc211.org

Hydrologic MetadataHydrologic Metadata Semantic WEB

Definition: The Semantic Web is the representation of data on the World Wide Web. It is basedon the Resource DescriptionFramework (RDF), which integrates a variety of applications usingXML for syntax and URIs for naming.

http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/

"The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation."

Semantic WEBSemantic WEB

Prepare the CUAHSIMetadata Profilefor the Future!

http://www.isotc211.org/

http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/

http://www.iso.org/iso/en/ISOOnline.frontpage

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Finds data set X and Y

Metadata repository

e.g. search for Stage Height

Metadata (FGDC) about dataset Y Theme_Keyword = Gage HeightTheme_Keyword_Thesaurus = USGS

Metadata (ISO) about dataset X keyword = Stage HeightthesaurusName = GCMD

USGS

GCMD

Mapper

Hydrologic vocabulary

Metadata specifications

FGDC

ISO

Mapper

Resolve Semantic Heterogeneity

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1) Extend ISO

2) Set as core (Metadata elements selected to be used by CUAHSI)

3) Controlled Vocabulary

4) Create domain list to fit needs

Express in machine readable format OWL/XML

fully interoperable with original ISO

CUAHSI – Profile V.1.0

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ISO 19115 (general)

ISO 19108 (temporal objects)

ISO 19103 (units)

ISO 19110

CUAHSI Profile

1) Extend ISO 19115 and use other ISO 19___ family standards

Features-Profile TimeSeries-Profile

HUC ……

In progress

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2) Set as core

<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:ID="core">

Using: “flag” to mark the core elements

core = true

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Metadata Tree Visualization

Core Metadata Version 1.0:

• selected 77 descriptive elements that are CUAHSI core, i.e that are mandatory for any data set within CUAHSI • made available online for review and comments

• output is in SDSC formats MTF: template format MIF: interchange format

• entire ISO 191xx family of metadata norms is also available for inclusion in CUAHSI profile


CUAHSICoreOptional

CUAHSI CoreMandatory

CUAHSI CoreMandatory

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USGS Stream-gaugesMetadata Version 1.0:

Optional14. ……………

Optional13. …………..

Optional12. CRS_falseEasting


Optional10. CRS_HeightofProspectivePtaboveSurf.

Optional9. CRS_falseEastingNorthingUnits


Optional7. CRS_projection

Optional6. CRS_semiMajorAxis

Optional4. CRS_Axis units

Optional3. CRS_ellipsoid

Optional2. CRS_datum

Optional5. CRS_denominationOfFlateningratio

Mandatory1. HUC codeNARR dataMetadata Version 1.0:

Optional14. ……………

Optional13. …………..



Optional10. CRS_HeightofProspectivePtaboveSurf.

Mandatory9. ZIP_Code

Mandatory8. State

Mandatory7. County

Mandatory6. Country

Mandatory4. WorldMeteorologicalStationID

Mandatory3. WBAN-ID

Mandatory2. MeasuredParameter

Mandatory5. City (WeatherStationAddress)

Mandatory1. CooperativeStationID

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MD_Classification Code for “Observation” Metadatabased on SensorML


Optional14. SenorNotOperatioanSinceDateTime

Optional13. SensorIdentificationNumber

Optional12. SamplerType

Optional11. MeasurementMethod

Optional15. SensorPlatfomType

Mandatory9. ObservableProperty

Mandatory8. SenorManufacturer

Mandatory7. SensorInServiceDateTime

Mandatory6. SensorDeployAgency

Mandatory4. SensorType

Mandatory3. SensorModelNumber

Mandatory2. SensorName (long)

Mandatory5. SenorName (short)

Mandatory1. SensorDescription

Mandatory11. SensorOperatedOrganization

10. SensorDocumentationOrganization Mandatory

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3) Controlled Vocabulary

Labels Annotations

Pangloss TOOL

Ontologies

Hydrology Hydrologic Model Runoff Direct Runoff Base Runoff Surface Runoff Surface water Discharge or Flow Water Depth Stage Height Base flow Pressure Water yield Ground water Ground Water Discharge

or Flow Safe yield Infiltration Hydraulic Conductivity Drainage Moisture Wells Aquifer

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Created a CUAHSI Keyword Controlled Vocabularybased on:

• UNESCO Int’l Glossary of Hydrology• Global Change Master Directory

Work still in progress

• need to identify additional terms• cast it in ontology

Water Quality Fundamental

Parameters BOD5 COD TSS MLVSS Ammonia Phosphate Dissolved Oxygen

.

.

Meteorology Fundamental Parameters Air Temperature Dew Point Humidity Wind Chill Evaporation Land Surface

Temperature Precipitation Standardized Precipitation

Index Rainfall Sleet Snow Hail . .

Topography Barometric

Altitude Bathymetry Contours Geotechnical

Properties Land Use Classes Soil Classification Landforms Terrain Elevation Vegetation Snow/Ice Cover Satellite Imagery . .

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4) Set New Codelists

MD_Classification Code for security Constraints

- World

- Group

- Owner

ISO 19103 Units/Conversion

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Ontology Examples

More Ontologies

We currently have

ISO 19108 Temporal Objects

USGS Hydrologic Unit CodeISO 19115 Geospatial

Hydrologic ProcessesSedimentation

ARCHydro

What we need is

Many More

Many More

Many More

Many More

Upper Hydrologic Ontology

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Thank you

Questions?

http://loki.cae.drexel.edu:8080/web/how/me/metadatacuahsi.html

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Metadata Concepts for Hydrology

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