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AN ONLINE INTERACTIVE SYSTEM DESIGN
METAPHOR & PHOTOGRAPHY
WENZHUO DUAN DIGITAL WORLDS INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA MASTER OF ARTS
Personal Procedure
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
Literature Review
My Question
Imaging is a human behavior that emphasizes on capturing, storing, and retrieving information from the images. !Imaging technologies amplify (also filter) our imagining powers, we must surely note another kind of power: the power to incite others to imagine. !Some people have such powers while others lack them. Since the mere imaging of situations can strongly affect human conception, desire, and behavior, those powers lead to wider ones, now much amplified by technologies (Maynard, 2000).
Photography
Imaging Technology-Photography
Imaging Technology-Photographer
Highly control the arrangement of information
Japanese Photographer, Tanaka Tatsuya
Imaging Technology-Photographer
Metaphors are the fundamental concepts, terms, and images by which information is easily recognized, understood, and remembered. Metaphors are commonly used to explain something unfamiliar or hard to grasp by way of comparison with something that is familiar and easy to grasp.(Wiley, 2004) !
Metaphors
Source
Target
My Question - Answer
Reference http://myteachingspirit.blogspot.com/
The Role of Metaphor in Interaction Design, Dan Saffer
“She is on the top of the situation”
“There is nothing in sight”
Orientate conceptual information
Create artificial Boundaries
Personify in terms of human emotion,motivation
Metaphor-Language
Reference http://myteachingspirit.blogspot.com/
The Role of Metaphor in Interaction Design, Dan Saffer
Orientate conceptual information
Create artificial Boundaries
Personify in terms of human emotion,motivation
Metaphor-Designer
Design process is a metaphor itself
Brainstorming technique
Deliberate tool
www.flyingmouse365.com
Imaging Technology-Designer
Imaging is a human behavior that emphasizes on capturing, storing, and retrieving information from the images. !Imaging technologies amplify (also filter) our imagining powers, we must surely note another kind of power: the power to incite others to imagine. !Some people have such powers while others lack them. Since the mere imaging of situations can strongly affect human conception, desire, and behavior, those powers lead to wider ones, now much amplified by technologies (Maynard, 2000).
Metaphor
Imaging Technology-Metaphor
Imaging Technologies
Photography
Metaphor
Metaphor involves imaging since it can make connection of invisibleand analogies as a source of explain to others what they are doing or trying to do, in terms that are familiar to them.(Lakoff & Johnson, 2003).
Photography as picture making and photographs as marked surfaces, whether permanent or transient (on screens), as depictions, prescribers and enticers of our imaginations, they are functional objects. (Maynard,2000) !Photography highly defined compositional form falsifies the medium, which is the joint product of the organizing mind and physical reality. (Kracauer,1960)
Existing Studies
“A website never sleeps”
Imaging Technologies This project is attempting to
combine metaphor and photography with human to establish a website and to inspire more possibilities in interaction design.
metaphorical visual components
“hidden letter” photographs
Online interactive system
Online interactive system
Imaging Technologies
1.Background
Metaphor
Photography
Metaphorical visual components “hidden letter” photographs
4 Future Research
3 Design
Human/Emotion
2 Research Design
1 Background - Literature Review
Online interactive system
(Stimulus )
HumanInspiration
. . . . . .
More Possibilities
• Metaphor • Photography
Imaging Amplification System
1.2 Emotion in Interaction Design 1.2 Emotion in Interaction Design • Stimulus==>Human (Cognitive activity executed) =New Emotion • Interaction design for human: Tools==>Medium for emotions, sociability, pleasure)
1.3 Imaging Technologies as Stimulus for human to establish an interaction design • Metaphor in interaction design • Photography in interaction design
Reference https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interaction_design
The Theory of User Judgment of Aesthetics and User Interface Quality, Angeli, et al., 2006
1.1 Interaction Design:
1 Background - Literature Review
In interaction design, calling attention is the process of selecting things to concentrate on, at a point in time, from the range of possibilities available.
Interaction Design
• Metaphor• Photography
Deliberate Tool Concept & Icons !UI(User Interface) design requires Metaphors !Turn Attention
PhotoVoice Photographic Data !Extracted and Interpreted (multiple ways) !Call Attention
Reference Visual Anthropology: Photography as a Research Method, Collier
Interaction Design: Beyond human-computer interaction, John Wiley
The definition of “hidden letter” photographs, are photographs that contain an abstract symbolic shape that can be more or less interpreted as a “hidden letter” in it.
“Hidden Letter” Photographs=Metaphor+Photography
2.1 First-person perspective !2.2 Multiple person perspectives !2.3 Inspiration !
2 Research Design
same
samers
Reference www.mindmapinspiration.co.uk
Expectation A reasonable web design
2.1 First-Person Perspective
Obvious or Unobvious? Amplified alphabetical shapes? Amplified Imagination? New emotion?
Reason1: Metaphor & Words (philosophy of language/human cognition) Reason2: Non-textual & Textual information (photo/alphabet) Reason3: Human & Nature (limited/strengthen)
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
2.2.1 Photo Classification
Platform: Facebook, Wechat Human: Graduate students from Digital Worlds Institute !!Conduction: 1, Gave them the definition of “hidden letter” photographs 2,Asked for picking 12 obvious and 5 unobvious according to the definition
Question: obvious or unobvious?
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Conclusion1 Photos (metaphorical definition) = Differences + Similarities
2.2.1 Photo ClassificationSum of the votes
Obvious +1; Unobvious -1
Question: obvious or unobvious?
Narrow down the FOCUS
What is human’s preference when they’re asked to evaluated a photo?
Aesthetic ValueUsefulnessInformation Quality
Emotional EngagementMemory
Overall Preference
whether appealingwhether useful
whether positive
whether positive
whether memorable
whether positive
Importancemeasured byexplained by
Reference Interaction, Usability and Aesthetics” What Influences Users’ Preferences? Angeli, et. al
Interaction Design: beyond human-computer interaction, John Wiley
2.2.2 Metaphorical Stimulus Comparison
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
8
4
2.2.2 Metaphorical Stimulus Comparison
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Specific
Importance
Group A
Group B
Importance
General
Importance
Importance
General
Pre-Test GroupA https://duanwenzhuo.typeform.com/to/AlSDtd !
Post-Test GroupA https://duanwenzhuo.typeform.com/to/JJLJN7
Pre-Test GroupB https://duanwenzhuo.typeform.com/to/ZLLfJ0!
Post-Test GroupB https://duanwenzhuo.typeform.com/to/y7LuGZ
2.2.2 Metaphorical Stimulus Comparison 5 point likert scale 1:1 Gender distribution
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Difference
General Questions - Difference of the importance ranking
2.2.2 Metaphorical Stimulus Comparison
Pre Importance
Post Importance
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Result: the least important “usefulness” showed the most positive increase after metaphorical stimulus(Group A).
Specific Questions - Difference of Average Scores
2.2.2 Metaphorical Stimulus Comparison
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Result: the lowest score is “usefulness” on average.
Specific Questions - Fluctuation of each indexes
8 Obvious
4 Unobvious
2.2.2 Metaphorical Stimulus Comparison
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Sum (obvious_Talk&Share) + Sum (unobvious_Talk&Share) = 3.1 + 1.6 = 4.7; Sum (obvious_Usefulness) + Sum (unobvious_Usefulness) = 2.5 + 2 = 4.5. !Result: the biggest differences between A and B are “usefulness” and “talk & share” .
Aesthetic Value
Usefulness
Information Quality
Engagement
Talk & Share
Overall Preference
Aesthetic Value
Usefulness
Information Quality
Engagement
Talk & Share
Overall Preference
General After Stimulus
2.2.2 Metaphorical Stimulus Ranking
!
!Usefulness: 6th->2rd
Talk&Share: 4th->1st
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Conclusion2 Metaphorical stimulus easily affect: Usefulness + Talk&Share
the least importance unrealized
“If you are asked to use three words to describe this photo.”
2.2.3 Open-ended Feedback
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
2.2.3 Open-ended Feedback
Group A
8 Obvious
4 Unobvious
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
2.2.3 Open-ended Feedback
Group B
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
“Even though some of them are not appealing enough, information still can be enlarged by these photographs, to make memorable”
“I can feel what you are trying to do, I cannot explain but it makes feel that all the pictures have increased a level”
“I like pictures that are interesting”
“It’s boring”
“There are too many questions”
2.2.3 Open-ended Feedback
Group A
Group B
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
art and non-art major students
Different visual perception
2.2.3 Open-ended Feedback
2.2 Multiple-Person Perspectives
Conclusion3 Metaphorical direction = Thought-provoking
2 Research Design
2.1 First-person perspective !2.2 Multiple person perspectives !2.3 Inspiration
Online interactive systemUsefulness Talk&Share
Thought-provoking
Differences Similarities
3 Design
Concept Design
Content Design
Creative Design Online interactive system
Thought-provoking
Differences Similarities
Usefulness Talk&Share
3 Design
Concept Design
Differences Similarities
Content Design
Creative Design
Thought-provoking
Tagging+Sharing+Guessing+Collecting
Research results & feedback
From Sight to Insight
Online interactive system
Usefulness Talk&Share
Seeing=>Grasp Essentials Animal
Appearance Habit Behavior Characteristic Human
Grasp Essentials==>Seeing
when we see?
What do we see?
Invisible vs Visible Hide vs Seek
Seeing=>Grasp Essentials
Grasp Essentials==>Seeing
Photography Metaphor
+
EASY MODE
Imaging Technologies
Online interactive system
Imaging Technologies
4 Future Research
Metaphor
Photography
Metaphorical visual components “hidden letter” photographs
• Photographer-photographee interactive experiment - multiple person/multiple photo data • Design - more functional/more content • Metaphor in interaction design - double edges/go in more depth
Literature ReviewIRB Protocol Design Draft
4.1 First Person Perspective
Preference Questionnaire Design is a process of iteration
4.2 Multiple Person Perspectives
Feedback for design
• Questionnaire - explanation/imagination by other visual components • Feedback - more organized/more critical • Design is a process of iteration - more tests/more feedback (in a long run)
4.3 More
Researchers • Differences: Non-art & art students • The camera as a research tool • Photography Therapy !Designers • Enthusiasm for science • Interesting and informative experience • The role of human
NASA Satellite Images The Big Hunt reCAPTCHA
What are those floaty things in your eye? - Michael Mauser https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6e_m9iq-4Q
Other Related Recommendation
Metaphorically speaking - James Geary https://www.ted.com/talks/james_geary_metaphorically_speaking?language=en#t-461474
5 Acknowledgment
I thank Angelos Barmpoutis, for offering me lots of information and inspiration patiently and helping me organize the structure of my study.
!I thank Lisa Anthony, for giving me practical and
powerful instructions for conduction of questionnaires. !I thank Patrick Pagano, for exposing me all sorts of
interesting knowledge to widen my horizon. !!!
I thank my father and mother, Sanji Duan and Meiwen Zhang, for supporting and trusting me all the time. ! I thank all of people who have ever helped me. I thank all of you sincerely.
More possibilities
Thank you
WENZHUO DUAN DIGITAL WORLDS INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA MASTER OF ARTS